State Standard

SBCb: Compare how structures & function vary between the six kingdoms (archaebacteria, eubacteria, protists, fungi, plants, & animals.

SBCd. Compare & contrast viruses with living organisms.

Domains & Kingdoms (17.3)

Grouping Species The broadest category in the classification used

by most biologists is the domain. All organisms fit into one of 3 domains:

Domain ArchaeaDomain BacteriaDomain Eukarya

17.3 Domains and Kingdoms

Organizing Life’s DiversityChapter 17

Grouping Species Cont’d

17.3 Domains and Kingdoms

Organizing Life’s Diversity

Within the 3 domains, modern taxonomy defines six kingdoms.

The six kingdoms are Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protists, Fungi, Plantae, & Animalia.

Chapter 17

Prokaryotes

All prokaryotic organisms are either in Domain Bacteria or Domain Archaea.

Organizing Life’s Diversity

17.3 Domains and Kingdoms

Chapter 17

Domain Bacteria Domain Bacteria only contains

1 Kingdom: Eubacteria.

Eubacteria (true bacteria) are prokaryotes whose cell walls contain peptidoglycan. They can be beneficial or cause disease.

Organizing Life’s Diversity

Eubacteria are a diverse group that can survive in many different environments.

17.3 Domains and Kingdoms

Chapter 17

Domain Archaea Domain Arachaea only contains 1

kingdom: Archaebacteria. Archaeabacteria are thought to be

more ancient than eubacteria.

Organizing Life’s Diversity

Archaea are diverse in shape and nutrition requirements.

They are called extremophiles because they can live in extreme environments (ex: salty or extremely hot – deep oceans, hot springs, & swamps.

17.3 Domains and Kingdoms

Chapter 17

• NO PEPTIDOGLYCAN

Domain Eukarya All eukaryotes are classified in Domain

Eukarya.

Organizing Life’s Diversity

Domain Eukarya includes 4 Kingdoms: Protista, Fungi, Plantae, & Animalia.

17.3 Domains and Kingdoms

Chapter 17

Kingdom Protista

Organizing Life’s Diversity

Protists are classified into three different groups—plantlike, animal-like, and funguslike.

Protists are eukaryotic organisms that can beunicellular, colonial, or multicellular.

17.3 Domains and Kingdoms

Chapter 17

Kingdom Protista Cont’d

Organizing Life’s Diversity

17.3 Domains and Kingdoms

Chapter 17

• Lack complex organ systems & live in moist environments

• May or may not have a cell wall.

• May be autrotrophic or heterotrophic

• Diverse set of organisms that don’t fit neatly into any other kingdom.

Kingdom Fungi

Organizing Life’s Diversity

A fungus is a unicellular or multicellulareukaryote that absorbs nutrients from organic materials in its environment.

17.3 Domains and Kingdoms

Chapter 17

Kingdom Fungi Cont’d

Organizing Life’s Diversity

Absorptive Heterotrophs

Can’t move

Cell walls made of chitin

Decompose dead organisms & waste

17.3 Domains and Kingdoms

Chapter 17

Kingdom Plantae

Members of Kingdom Plantae form the base of all terrestrial habitats.

Organizing Life’s Diversity

All plants are multicellular and have cell walls composed of cellulose.

Most plants areautotrophs, but some are heterotrophic.

17.3 Domains and Kingdoms

Chapter 17

Kingdom Animalia

All animals are heterotrophic, multicellular eukaryotes.

Organizing Life’s Diversity

Animal organs often are organized into complex organ systems.

They live in the water, on land, and in the air.

Animal cells never contain a cell wall.

17.3 Domains and Kingdoms

Chapter 17

Organizing Life’s DiversityChapter 17

Organizing Life’s Diversity

17.3 Domains and Kingdoms

Chapter 17

1. A2. B3. C4. D

FQ 9

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Organizing Life’s DiversityChapter 17

The five-kingdom classification system had to be changed to a three-domain, six-kingdom system because of the discovery of _______.

A. fungi

B. protists

C. archaebacteria

D. prokaryotes

17.3 Formative Questions

1. A2. B3. C4. D

FQ 10

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Organizing Life’s DiversityChapter 17

17.3 Formative Questions

Which is a characteristic of the species classified in Domain Archaea?

A. They are anaerobic.

B. They are autotrophic.

C. They are extremophiles.

D. Their cell walls

contain peptidoglycan.

1. A2. B3. C4. D

FQ 11

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Organizing Life’s DiversityChapter 17

17.3 Formative Questions

Which kingdom contains heterotrophic, multicellular eukaryotes?

A. Animalia

B. Fungi

C. Plantae

D. Protista

1. A2. B3. C4. D

FQ 12

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Organizing Life’s DiversityChapter 17

17.3 Formative Questions

Which cell wall material distinguishes all of the organisms in Kingdom Plantae?

A. cellulose

B. chitin

C. hyphae

D. peptidoglycan

1. A2. B3. C4. D

FQ 13

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Organizing Life’s DiversityChapter 17

17.3 Formative Questions

Which group of dissimilar organisms were placed into the same kingdom partly because they don’t fit into any other kingdoms?

A. eubacteria

B. eukaryotes

C. fungi

D. protists

1. A2. B3. C4. D

CAQ 3

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Organizing Life’s DiversityChapter 17

Chapter Assessment Questions

Which is not one of the three domains?

A. Archaea

B. Bacteria

C. Eukarya

D. Fungi

1. A2. B3. C4. D

STP 1

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Organizing Life’s DiversityChapter 17

For which organism would it be best for scientists to use the scientific name rather than the common name?

A. great blue heron

B. bottlenose dolphin

C. sea horse

D. whitetail deer

Standardized Test Practice

1. A2. B3. C4. D

STP 5

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Organizing Life’s DiversityChapter 17

Standardized Test Practice

Why aren’t mushrooms classified as plants?

A. They are heterotrophs.B. They don’t have

cell walls.C. They don’t absorb

nutrients from their environment.

D. They lack motility— the ability to move.