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State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska Emergency Management Agency Please read and save this brochure for future reference

State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

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Page 1: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

Page 1

Nebraska Emergency Management Agency

State of Nebraska

Radiological EmergencyPreparedness

June 15, 2014

Important InformationFor Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors

From Nebraska Emergency Management Agency

Please read and save this brochure for future reference

Page 2: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

Page 2

Radiological Emergency Information

Farmers, food processors and food distributors located within 50 miles of a nuclear power facility would have special needs if there were an accident at the plant that caused a release of radiation. This booklet gives information about actions for the protection of your family, your animals and your crops in the event of such an accident.

In case of a radiological accident, you will receive instructions from local, state and federal authorities, via the Emergency Alert System (EAS).

Please read this book carefully, and fill in the emergency informa-tion on the next page.

Save this booklet for future reference.

Radiological EmergencyInformation

for Farmers, Food Processors

and Distributors

Issued by the

Nebraska Emergency

Management Agency

Page 3: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

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Nebraska Emergency Management Agency

Emergency Information for this Area

County Agricultural Extension Service(See Pages 6 through 9 for information)

Agent: _________________________________

Telephone: _____________________________

County Emergency Management Director(See Pages 7 and 10 for information)

Name: _________________________________

Telephone: _____________________________

Local Emergency Alert System (EAS)This information can be obtained from your County Emergency Management Director.

EAS Radio Frequency: ____________________

EAS Television Channel: __________________

Other______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

In any public emergency, important news and instructions for your safety will be given over the Emergency Alert System. Keep your radio tuned to the EAS station and follow the emergency recommendations.

Page 4: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

Page 4

Radiological Emergency InformationShadow Windmill by Merle Henkenius

Page 5: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

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Nebraska Emergency Management Agency

Emergency Information—Cooper Nuclear Station. . . . . . . . . . . . 6Emergency Information—Ft. Calhoun Nuclear Station . . . . . . . . 8Emergency Information—State Agencies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12What is Nuclear Energy?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Sources of Emergency Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Emergency Planning Zones and Protective Actions . . . . . . . . . 15The Plume Exposure Pathway (EPZ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15The Ingestion Exposure Pathway (EPZ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Protective Action Decision Notifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Preventative Protective Actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Emergency Protective Actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Protective Actions for the Food Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Food Processors and Distributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Post Emergency Actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Relocations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Reentry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Return . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24General Information on Radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Summary of Effects of Radioactive Deposits on Human Food and Water Supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26A Summary of Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Nebraska Map with Nuclear Power Station Locations . . . . . . . 28Cooper Nuclear Station 10-mile Plume Map. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Fort Calhoun Nuclear Station 10-mile Plume Map. . . . . . . . . . 32Cooper Nuclear Station 50-mile Ingestion Map . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Fort Calhoun Nuclear Station 50-mile Ingestion Map . . . . . . . 36Insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Table of Contents

Page 6: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

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Radiological Emergency Information

Cooper Nuclear Station Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ)

County Agricultural Extension Service Offices

Cass County 8400 144th St., Suite 100 Weeping Water, NE 68463-1932 402-267-2205 [email protected] County 1115 W. Scott Beatrice, NE 68310-3514 402-223-1384 [email protected] Johnson County Third and Broadway Streets (Courthouse) P.O. Box 779 Tecumseh, NE 68450-0779 402-335-3669 [email protected] County 444 Cherrycreek Road, Suite A Lincoln, NE 68528-1507 402-441-7180 [email protected] County 1824 N St., Suite 102 Auburn, NE 68305-2395 402-274-4755/4756 [email protected] County 180 Chestnut St., P.O. Box 160 Syracuse, NE 68446-0160 402-269-2301 [email protected] County 625 Sixth St., P.O. Box 391 Pawnee City, NE 68420-0391 402-852-2970 [email protected]

Page 7: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

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Nebraska Emergency Management Agency

Commercial Nuclear LicenseeCooper Nuclear Power StationNebraska Public Power DistrictP.O. Box 98, 72676, 648 AvenueBrownville, NE 68321-0098402-825-3811

Local Emergency Alert System (EAS)EAS Radio Frequency: National Weather Service and KGOR-FM 99.9

Richardson County 1700 Stone St. (Courthouse) Falls City, NE 68355-2033 402-245-4324 [email protected] County 8015 W. Center Road Omaha, NE 68124-3175 402-444-7804 [email protected]

Cass 402-296-9370Gage 402-223-5221Johnson 402-335-3307Lancaster 402-441-6500Nemaha 402-274-3139

County Sheriffs’ Departments

Otoe 402-873-9560Pawnee 402-852-2969Richardson 402-245-2479Sarpy 402-593-2288

County Emergency Management Agencies

Cass 402-267-6765Gage 402-223-1305Johnson 402-921-0013Lancaster 402-441-7361Nemaha 402-274-2552

Otoe 402-873-9588Pawnee 402-852-2234Richardson 402-245-8158Sarpy 402-593-5785

Page 8: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

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Radiological Emergency Information

Fort Calhoun Nuclear Station Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ)

County Agricultural Extension Service Offices

Burt County 111 N. 13th St., Suite 6 Tekamah, NE 68061-1098 402-374-2929 [email protected]

Butler County 451 N. Fifth St. David City, NE 68632-1666 402-367-7410 [email protected]

Cass County 8400 144th St., Suite 100, Weeping Water, NE 68463-1932 402-267-2205 [email protected]

Colfax County P.O. Box 389 Schuyler, NE 68661-0389 402-352-3821 [email protected]

Cuming County 200 S. Lincoln St., Room 50 West Point, NE 68788-0285 402-372-6006 [email protected]

Dodge County 1206 W. 23rd St. Fremont, NE 68025-2504 402-727-2775 [email protected]

Page 9: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

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Nebraska Emergency Management Agency

Douglas County 8015 W Center Road Omaha, NE 68124-3175 402-444-7804 [email protected]

Lancaster County 444 Cherrycreek Road, Suite A Lincoln, NE 68528-1507 402-441-7180 [email protected]

Sarpy County 8015 W. Center Road Omaha, NE 68124-3175 402-444-7804 [email protected]

Saunders County 1071 County Road G, Room B Ithaca, NE 68033-2234 402-624-8030 [email protected]

Thurston County 415 Main St. P.O. Box 665 Pender NE 68047 402-385-6041 [email protected]

Washington County 597 Grant St., Suite 200 Blair, NE 68008-0325 402-426-9455 [email protected]

Local Emergency Alert System (EAS)

EAS Radio Frequency: National Weather Service and KGOR-FM 99.9

Page 10: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

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Radiological Emergency Information

Fort Calhoun Nuclear Station Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ)

County Sheriffs’ Departments

Burt 402-374-2900Butler 402-367-7400Cass 402-296-9370Colfax 402-352-8514Cuming 402-372-6019Dodge 402-727-2700

Douglas 402-444-6640Lancaster 402-441-6500Sarpy 402-593-2288Saunders 402-443-3718Thurston 402-385-3018Washington 402-426-6866

County Emergency Management Agencies

Burt 402-727-2785Butler 402-367-7400Cass 402-267-6765Colfax 402-352-3031Cuming 402-372-6012Dodge 402-727-2785

Douglas 402-444-5040Lancaster 402-441-7361Sarpy 402-593-5785Saunders 402-443-5645Thurston 402-385-6070Washington 402-727-2785

Commercial Nuclear Licensee

Fort Calhoun Nuclear Power Station Omaha Public Power District 9610 Power Lane Blair, NE 68008 402-636-3755

Page 11: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

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Nebraska Emergency Management Agency

State Agencies University of Nebraska Extension Service 211 Agricultural Hall University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln, NE 68583-0703 402-472-2966/3972 [email protected]

Nebraska Department of Agriculture 301 Centennial Mall South, Fourth Floor P.O. Box 94947 Lincoln, NE 68509-4947 402-471-2341

Nebraska Emergency Management Agency 2433 N.W. 24th St. Lincoln, NE 68524-1801 402-471-7421 Toll Free: 877-297-2368

EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCYNEBRASKA

Page 12: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

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Radiological Emergency Information

IntroductionThis brochure provides emergency information for the agricultural community within approximately a 50-mile radius of a commercial nuclear power station. It contains information concerning how you will be notified and what procedures you should follow in the event of a radiological emergency at the power station.

If the emergency results in a release of radioactive material to the environment, you may be advised to take actions to protect your family, farm animals and agricultural products. This information, along with specific instructions you will receive over the Emer-gency Alert System (EAS), NOAA Weather Radio or through other official news releases, will help you to prevent or minimize the ef-fects of a radiological emergency on food and agriculture.

The instructions in this brochure may also be used in response to other kinds of radiological emergencies. General information on radiation and post-emergency activities are also provided in this booklet.

Please read this brochure thoroughly to be prepared should an emergency occur.

Page 13: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

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Nebraska Emergency Management Agency

What is Nuclear Energy? Nuclear power plants use the heat generated from nuclear fission in a contained environment to convert water to steam, which powers generators to produce electricity.

The heat from fission boils water and creates steam to turn a turbine. As the turbine spins, the generator turns and its mag-netic field produces electricity. The electricity can then be carried to your home, so you can work on the computer, watch television, play video games, or make toast.

Nuclear power plants operate in most states in the country and produce about 20 percent of the nation’s power. Nearly 3 million Americans live within 10 miles of an operating nuclear power plant.

Although the construction and operation of these facilities are closely monitored and regulated accidents are possible. An ac-cident could result in dangerous levels of radiation that could affect the health and safety of the public living near the nuclear power plant.

Local and state governments, federal agencies, and the electric utilities have emergency response plans in the event of a nuclear power plant incident. The potential danger from an accident at a nuclear power plant is exposure to radiation. Radioactive materi-als are composed of atoms that are unstable.

Sources:www.ready.gov, www.nrc.gov.

Page 14: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

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Radiological Emergency Information

Sources of Emergency InformationIn the event of an emergency at the nuclear power station near you, specific protective action recommendations will be issued by appropriate state or local government officials. Information to pre-vent or minimize radiation contamination of food products will be provided to you though at least one of the following sources:

The Emergency Alert System (EAS) will provide you with emer-gency information over designated radio and television stations. These stations will also provide additional emergency-related information.

● Your local extension or farm services office may provide you with information on the protection of agricultural products through local radio or television alerts, newspaper articles or by telephone.

● Broadcasts over weather band radios will provide you with up-to-date weather information. The broadcasts may also provide you with emergency instructions on protective measures.

● Additional emergency agricultural information may be available to you through federal, state or local government emergency organizations.

Page 15: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

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Nebraska Emergency Management Agency

Emergency Planning Zones (EPZ) and Protective ActionsTwo types of emergency planning zones (EPZ) may be referred to in an emergency:

The Plume Exposure Pathway EPZThis is the area generally within a 10-mile radius around a com-mercial nuclear power generating facility, where emergency planning is required for members of the general public, and in place to deal with the potential of direct exposure to radiation.

To view the Cooper Plume Exposure Pathway EPZ map see page 30.

To view the Fort Calhoun Plume Exposure Pathway EPZ map see page 32.

The Ingestion Exposure Pathway EPZThis is the area within a 50-mile radius around a commercial nu-clear power generating facility, where emergency planning is re-quired, and in place to deal with the potential of indirect exposure to radiation due to eating contaminated food or drinking contami-nated water, milk or other liquids.

The safety of the food supply within the 50-mile ingestion exposure pathway EPZ could be a concern to members of the agricultural community if a radiological release to the atmosphere occurred. During such a release, both water and land could become con-taminated. Eating contaminated foods, and drinking contaminated milk and water, could have a harmful, long-term effect on your health.

To view the Cooper Ingestion Exposure Pathway EPZ map see page 34.

To view the Fort Calhoun Ingestion Exposure Pathway EPZ map see page 36.

Page 16: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

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Radiological Emergency InformationCurious Cow by Merle Henkenius

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Nebraska Emergency Management Agency

Protective Action Decision Notifications Federal, state and local government emergency response organiza-tions will notify and advise the agricultural community on what actions to take in the event of a radiological emergency. The deci-sion to recommend protective actions will be based on:

• Emergency conditions at the power station• Available information on the amount of radioactive mate-

rial that may be or has been released to the environment• Meteorological considerations, and • Consideration of the health, economic and the social impact

of the proposed actions. There are two types of protective actions that will help to prevent or lessen the possibility of persons eating or drinking contami-nated food or water: These are Preventive Protective Actions and Emergency Protective Actions.

Preventive Protective ActionsPreventive protective actions are those which prevent or minimize contamination of milk and food products. Examples are:

• Placing dairy animals on stored feed and protected water • Washing, scrubbing, peeling or shelling fruits and vegetables

to remove surface contaminationOther preventive protective actions are those which isolate or contain food, prevent its introduction into commerce and determine

whether condemnation or other action is appropriate. An example would be to restrict or withhold (em-bargo/quarantine) agricultural and dairy products from the marketplace, by prohibiting transportation

from the affected areas.

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Radiological Emergency Information

Emergency Protective ActionsThe following are examples of protective actions that may be rec-ommended if a release of radioactive materials occurs, and con-tamination of agricultural products is verified by appropriate state or local government officials.

● When outside, wear clothing that covers all portions of the body, similar to what you would wear when applying pesticides; for ex-ample: coveralls or long-sleeved shirt, long pants, boots and gloves.

● Wear a respirator, protective mask or place a folded (preferably dampened) cloth over your mouth and nose when working outside to prevent inhalation of radioactive materials.

● Remove outer clothing before going indoors.

● Wash hands thoroughly before preparing or eating food.

● Remove diary animals from pastures, shelter them if possible and provide them with protected feed and water.

● Delay the slaughter of any animals until advised it is safe to do so by appropriate health officials.

● Protect feed and water.

Page 19: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

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Nebraska Emergency Management Agency

● Do not use fresh milk from dairy animals, fresh garden vegetables or eggs from within the Plume Exposure Pathway Emergency Plan-ning Zone surrounding the nuclear facility, until appropriate health officials indicate these are safe.

● If you must eat fresh fruit and vegetables, wash, scrub, peel or shell them before eating.

● Cover outside feed supplies with a tarpaulin or other appropriate material.

● Do not engage in dust-producing activities such as cultivating, disking, baling or harvesting.

● Do not process or distribute agricultural products until they have been sampled by appropriate government officials and found to be free of contamination.

● Do not transport or market food products from the Plume or Inges-tion Exposure Pathway Emergency Planning Zone until advised it is safe to do so by appropriate health officials. Follow the advice of health officials heard in emergency alert messages regarding the area within the Ingestion Exposure Pathway.

● Restrict fishing to catch and release. Fish and game should not be taken for food until further notice.

Page 20: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

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Radiological Emergency Information

Protective Actions for the Food Supply ■ Specific instructions will depend on the distance of a farm or facility from

the commercial nuclear power station and the existing weather condi-tions.

■ State and local officials will assist you with appropriate protective actions and specific methods to deal with contamination problems.

The following are examples of preventive and emergency protective ac-tions and related information that may be recommended to the agricul-tural community by appropriate state or local government officials. Loca-tion-specific protective action recommendations will be issued by these officials in the event of an actual emergency.

Milk

Remove all dairy animals from pastures, shelter if possible, and provide them with protected feed and water. State or local govern-ment officials may come to your farm to take milk, feed and water samples for laboratory analysis to determine whether any of these products are contaminated.

If dairy products are found to be contaminated, it may be recommended that milk and milk products be withheld from the market. It is possible, however, for milk products contaminated with certain radioactive materi-als to be safe for human consumption after proper storage over a period of time. This will allow for the radioactive materials to decay away. Radio-active decay may be achieved by freezing and storing fresh milk, concen-trated milk or concentrated milk products. Storage of milk for prolonged periods of time at reduced temperature is also possible, provided ultrahigh temperature pasteurization techniques are used during processing. Using fluid milk for the production of butter, cheese, dry milk or evaporated milk may also be possible.

Fruits and Vegetables

Wash, scrub, peel or shell locally grown fruits and vegetables, including roots and tubers, to remove surface contamination.

If fruits or vegetables are contaminated by short-lived (rapidly decaying) radionuclides, they can be preserved by canning, freezing or dehydration, and stored to allow time for decay of the radioactivity.

Page 21: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

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Nebraska Emergency Management Agency

Meat and Meat Products

If there is a release of radioactive material to the environment, you will be advised to place meat animals on protected feed and water and, if possible, provide them with shelter. If livestock consume feed and water contaminated with radioactive materials, some of the contamination will be absorbed into their bodies and could then enter the human food sup-ply through meat and meat products.

Poultry and Poultry Products

Poultry raised outdoors, especially those kept for egg production, should be monitored by federal, state or local officials taking samples and per-forming laboratory tests to determine the presence of radioactive con-tamination. Poultry raised indoors and given protected feed and water are not likely to be contaminated. If contamination is verified, state or local government officials may advise that poultry and eggs should not be eaten.

Fish and Aquatic Life

Fish and other aquatics raised in ponds should not be harvested unless appropriate state or local government officials have determined, through laboratory analysis of samples, that they are safe. Samples of water, fish and aquatic life from other bodies of water should be analyzed to ensure that they are safe.

Soils

If state or local government officials find that the soil is contaminated, proper soil management procedures can be implemented to reduce con-tamination to safe levels. “Idling” (the non use of the land for a specific period of time) may be necessary in some cases. However, in situations involving small spots of highly contaminated soil, removal and disposal of the soil may be more appropriate.

Planting alternative crops may be recommended in some situations. Crops such as cotton and flax could be substituted for food crops because they contribute little or no radioactive material to the human diet.

Deep plowing of the soil will remove radioactive substances below the plant root level, prevent plants from taking up contaminated nutrients and allow the level of radioactivity to decrease with the passage of time.

State or local government officials will let you know what actions are ap-propriate.

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Radiological Emergency Information

Grains

If grains are permitted to grow to maturity, most contamination will prob-ably be removed by the wind and rain. Sampling and laboratory analysis will determine if the grain is safe to use. When harvested, contaminated and uncontaminated grains should be stored separately to prevent cross contamination.

Water

Open sources of water should be protected. Cover open rain barrels and tanks to prevent contamination. Covered wells and other covered or un-derground sources of water will probably not become contaminated. It is unlikely that underground water supplies will be affected. Radiation contaminants deposited on the ground will travel very slowly unless soils are sandy.

Filler pipes should be disconnected from storage containers that are supplied by runoff from roofs or other surface drain fields. This will prevent contaminants from entering the storage containers. Close water intake valves from any contaminated water sources to prevent distribution (e.g., irrigation) of contaminated water.

Honey

Honey and beehives will need to be sampled and analyzed by appropriate state or local government officials if radioactive

contamination is detected in the area. You will be instructed by these officials on how to handle the hives and honey.

Food Processors and DistributorsRadioactive contamination of milk or food products in an affected area can occur during processing or during transportation. This can result from exposure to radioactive materials on the ground or in the air and from contact with contaminated products.

Following a radiological emergency, government officials may restrict the movement of food products, and withhold them from the marketplace, if they are found to be contaminated. These products should not be released until they are safe for consumption or until a decision is made to dispose of them. You will be instructed how to safely handle and dispose of con-taminated food products.

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Nebraska Emergency Management Agency

Post Emergency ActionsAfter evacuation has occurred, and radioactive contamination has been verified, the following post-emergency actions—relocation, reentry, return and recovery—may be initiated based on air and ground monitor-ing surveys.

RelocationRelocation refers to a post-emergency protective action that is taken to avoid chronic exposure from deposited contamination found in a given area. Relocation is a mandatory movement of people from their homes and farms to a location that does not present a danger from contamination. Unlike an evacation area where people are instructed to immediately leave a given area, relocation is allowed to take place over a period of time, nor-mally two-to-three days. This allows people time to pack up personal property that was sheltered during the emergency, and move out of the area. Federal, state and local officials will be present to assist with the relocation efforts.

ReentryReentry is only necessary if an area has previously been evacuated. Re-entry is the temporary entry, under controlled conditions, into a restricted, contaminated area or areas. In all probability, reentry would only occur within the 10-mile radius of the commercial nuclear power station. If you have been evacuated from your area, you may be allowed to return tem-porarily to your home, farm or property, when conditions permit.State and local government officials will determine when it is safe for temporary entry and under what circumstances a return to the restricted area will be allowed. Public announcements will be made regarding when and where access to the restricted area will be authorized. Local govern-ment officials will have a list of allowable reasons for returning to the area.

Upon acceptable application, you willl be provided allowable stay time limits withing the restricted area and the number of allowable reentires you may make over a given period of time.

ReturnReturn referes to reoccupation of areas that have been sampled and analyzed and found to be be clear of contamination for unrestricted resi-dence, or use by previously evacuated or relocated populations. People will only be allowed to return once areas have been monitored and de-termined not to have been significantly contaminated.

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Radiological Emergency Information

General Information on RadiationRadiation, and some radioactive materials, is a natural part of our environment. It is in the air we breathe, the food we eat, the soil, our homes and even in our bodies. The level of radiation naturally existing in our environment is called background radiation. It may vary greatly from one location to another, depending on related factors such as solar radiation, geographic elevation, soil composi-tion and the presence of radon gases from the soil and building materials. We are also exposed to sources of man-made radiation, such as X-ray machines and televisions. The health effects to people from radiation exposure is measured in units of millirems. People are constantly exposed to radiation. In the United States the average background radiation exposure received by each person is about 310 millirems per year. An approximate 310 millirems is received from consumer products and occupational and other environmental sources. The total average exposure per person per year, is about 620 millirems from all sources.

Commercial nuclear power stations may release small, non-harm-ful amounts of radioactive materials to the environment during routine operations, and under controlled conditions. Persons living adjacent to a commercial nuclear power station receive less than one additional millirem per year.

RecoveryRecovery is the process of reducing radiation in the environment to ac-ceptable levels for normal daily living. Following the emergency, federal, state and local government officials will identify the types and levels of contamination. They may need to take samples of air, water, soil, crops and animal prooducts from your farm or business. They will provide you with instructions to assist you in decontaminationg your animals, food and property if such actions are necessary. Contaminated food will be isolated to prevent its introduction to the market places. Federal, state and local government officials will determine whether condemnation and disposal are appropriate. Services such as medical, utilities, roads, schools, business and housing will be identified, and procedures for res-toration will be initiated prior to allowing people to return.

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Nebraska Emergency Management Agency

The effects of radiation on people depend on the amount and length of time of exposure, how much of the body is exposed, how much radioactive material stays in the body and the general health and age of the person. The effects of radiation can be decreased by reducing the time a person is exposed and increasing the distance from the source of radiation.

Over time, all radioactive material will become less radioactive through a process called decay. Some radioactive materials will decay to acceptable levels in a matter of hours or days. Others might require months or, in extreme cases, years. The amount of time necessary for radioactive materials to decay to acceptable levels depends upon the materials involved and can only be deter-mined by laboratory analysis of samples.

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Radiological Emergency Information

Summary: Effects of Radioactive Deposits on Human Food and Water Supplies

Depending on the amount of radioactive materials released into the atmosphere, the duration of the release and the prevailing weather conditions, people, animals, crops, land and water near the site of the nuclear power plant could be affected.

Of initial concern would be the condition of fresh milk from diary animals grazing on pastures and drinking from open sources of water. Sampling for contamination could be performed at the farm, the transfer station or the processing plant. If contamination of fresh milk and processed milk products is verified, state or local government officials will determine whether to dispose of these products or to hold them until safe for consumption.

Another concern would be the contamination of vegetables, grains, fruits and nuts. The severity of the impact of the contamination would depend on the time of the year the emergency occurred. The time immediately prior to or during harvest is the most critical period. Crops will be sampled and analyzed by the appropriate government officials to ensure that they are safe to eat.

An additional concern would be the impact of contamination on livestock and poultry. Pasture,

feed and water sources, as well as meat and poul-try products will be sampled and analyzed to ensure that the meat and poultry products are safe to eat.

Contamination of drinking water supplies is not considered to present a significant problem. If it occurs, it will probably affect only surface water supplies and not ground wells or underground water sources. The safety of water would be determined by sampling public and private sources. If land becomes contaminated, proper soil management techniques can be implemented to reduce con-tamination of crops grown on the land. The procedures recom-mended would depend on the severity of contamination and the specific crops to be grown.

Remember, while a serious radiological emergency is unlikely, it is important to be prepared for such an event.

Page 27: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

Page 27

Nebraska Emergency Management Agency

Summary of RecommendationsIf a radiological emergency occurs in your immediate area, you will be alerted by the sounding of a siren, an emergency vehicle equipped with a loudspeaker or other appropriate means. You should take the following actions:

■ Turn on your radio or television and tune to a station or channel that carries Emergency Alert System (EAS) information.

■ Follow the recommendations of the state or local emergency response officials.

You may be advised to take protective actions such as:

■ Protect Feed and Water — Cover outside feed and open water source supplies with a tarpaulin or other appropriate material.

■ Remove dairy animals from pastures by sheltering them, if possible,and providing them with protected feed and water.

■ Protect other livestock and poultry by sheltering them, if pos-sible, and providing them with protected feed and water.

If you live within the Plume Exposure Pathway EPZ of the nuclear power plant, you may be advised to take shelter (go inside) or evacuate. This would help protect you and your family from poten-tially harmful levels of radiation.

The point of contact with reference to information contained with-in this publication is:

Nebraska Emergency Management Agency2433 N.W. 24th St.Lincoln, NE 68524Telephone: 402-471-7420Attn: Technical Hazards Section Manager Additional information about radiological emergency preparedness (REP) is available on the Nebraska Emergency Management Agen-cy website at: http://www.nema.nebraska.gov

Page 28: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

Page 28

Radiological Emergency Information

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SIOUX

CUSTER

LINCOLN

SHERIDAN

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KNOX

DAWES

KEITH

ROCKBROWN

MORRILL

GAGE

DUNDY

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DAWSON

GRANT

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LOUP

BUFFALO

CASSYORK

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BOX BUTTE

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THOMASHOOKER

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PIERCE

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DIXON

DODGE

BUTLER

VALLEY

CUMING

THAYER

LANCASTER

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SAUNDERS

PHELPS

MCPHERSON

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SEWARD

NANCE

HOWARD

MADISON

HITCHCOCK

GREELEY

WAYNE

WHEELER

WEBSTER

SHERMAN

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FRANKLIN

GARFIELD

RED WILLOW

GOSPER

MERRICK

KEARNEY

NUCKOLLS

HAMILTON

COLFAX

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JEFFERSON

NEMAHA

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Henry

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Adams

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Weston

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Oxford

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Monroe

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Clarks Chalco

Center

Burton

Bladen

Berwyn

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Ashton

Arnold

Ansley

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Powell

Hansen

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Perrin

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Milburn

Martell

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Antioch

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Winslow

Winside

Whitney

Western

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Wauneta

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Tekamah

Talmage

Swanton

Stanton

Sprague

Spencer

Shubert

Shelton

Sargent

Rosalie

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Ralston

Prosser

Preston

PalmyraOverton

Oshkosh

Orleans

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O'Neill

Octavia

Oakland

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Newport

Nehawka

Naponee

Murdock

Morrill

Milford

Memphis

Melbeta

Maywood

Maxwell

Maskell

Malcolm

Madison

Lushton

Linwood

Lindsay

Lincoln

Liberty

Leshara

Lebanon

Kimball

Kilgore

Kennard

Kenesaw

Kearney

Juniata

Johnson

Jackson

Hyannis

Huntley

Hubbell

Howells

Hoskins

Hershey

Hendley

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Haigler

Gresham

Grafton

Goehner

Glenvil

Giltner

Garland

Fremont

Fordyce

Ericson

Emerson

Elmwood

Dunning

Du Bois

Douglas

Dickens

De Witt

Deweese

Deshler

Decatur

Danbury

Cushing

Crofton

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Cordova

Concord

Clinton

Chester

Chapman

Chadron

Ceresco

Carroll

Burwell

Bruning

Bristow

Bassett

Bartley

Atlanta

Ashland

Arcadia

Anselmo

Amherst

Pauline

Elsmere

Lorenzo

St. Mary

Raeville

Lakeside

Champion

Brownlee

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Verdigre

Unadilla

Trumbull

Thedford

Surprise

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Stratton

Stockham

Sterling

Stamford

Spalding

Shickley

Scribner

Schuyler

Roseland

Riverton

Richland

Reynolds

Randolph

Primrose

Plymouth

Pickrell

Phillips

Palisade

Ogallala

Niobrara

Mitchell

Milligan

Merriman

Marsland

Lewiston

Lewellen

Lawrence

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HolbrookHildreth

Hastings

Harrison

Grainton

Garrison

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Fairmont

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Crawford

Cortland

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Clatonia

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Brewster

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Bradshaw

Bertrand

Benedict

Bellwood

Bellevue

Belgrade

Bartlett

Bancroft

Atkinson

Arapahoe

Alliance

Rockford

Elk City

Kronborg

Rosemont

Bostwick

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Bucktail

Brownson

Whiteclay

Princeton

Ellsworth

Wood Lake

Winnetoon

Winnebago

Wellfleet

Waterbury

Wakefield

Valentine

Steinauer

Stapleton

Rushville

Rockville

Riverdale

Red Cloud

Plainview

Newcastle

Marquette

Loup City

Long Pine

Lodgepole

Lexington

Johnstown

Inglewood

Indianola

Hordville

Henderson

Heartwell

Greenwood

Fullerton

Fairfield

Elm Creek

Elk Creek

Eddyville

Davenport

Dannebrog

Crookston

Creighton

Coleridge

Cambridge

Brunswick

Blue Hill

Benkelman

Belvidere

Barneston

Ainsworth

La Platte

Irvington

Swedeburg

Menominee

Redington

Northport

St. Libory

Bow Valley

Wood River

West Point

Washington

Valparaiso

Table Rock

SutherlandStromsburg

Springview

South Bend

Smithfield Saronville

St. Helena

St. Edward

Pleasanton

Petersburg

North Loup North Bend

Moorefield

Mason City

Louisville

Litchfield

Hemingford

Guide Rock

Gothenburg

Falls City

Dorchester

David City

Culbertson

Cotesfield

Brownville

Broadwater

Bridgeport

Bloomfield

Bennington

Alexandria

Sweetwater

Westerville

Holmesville

WilsonvilleSteele City

Staplehurst

Springfield

Rising City

Plattsmouth

Morse Bluff

Hay Springs

Dakota City

Cedar Creek

Bloomington

Big Springs

Beaver City

Huskerville

Silver Creek

North Platte

Newman Grove

Meadow Grove

Grand Island

Fort Calhoun

Central City

Cedar Rapids

Battle Creek

Willow Island

South Yankton

Cummingsville

Platte Center

Nebraska City

Fort Robinson

Lorton Village

Saint Stephens

Republican City

Beaver Crossing

South Sioux City

Offutt AFB West CDP

York

Nora

Mead

Alda

Tryon

Grant

Emmet

Blair

Enola

Berea

Walton

Archer

Verdon

Tamora

Minden

Manley

Madrid

JansenHebron

Geneva

Foster

DawsonCowles

Beemer

Aurora

Auburn

Arthur

Albion

Trenton

Skyline

Osceola

Hubbard

Hickman

Harbine

Hampton

Greeley

Farwell

Elkhorn

Carlson

Keystone

Waterloo

WalthillThurston

Tecumseh

Syracuse

St. Paul

Minatare

Imperial

Burchard

Beatrice

Richfield

Gladstone

Terrytown

Papillion

Nickerson

Boys Town

Arlington

Harrisburg

Stockville

Hartington

Clearwater

Broken Bow

Assumption

Scottsbluff

Pawnee City

Martinsburg

Clay CenterHayes Center

Crab Orchard

Cedar Bluffs

Blue Springs

Bazile Mills

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Pleasant Dale

Saint Bernard

McCool Junction

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50 Mile EPZ

COUNTY

0 20 4010Miles

Ft. Calhoun and Cooper Nuclear Plant50 Mile EPZ

Data Source: NEMA, TIGERDate: February 3, 2014Status: Draft ¯

Fort Calhoun and Cooper Nuclear Plants10- and 50-Mile Emergency Protective Zones (EPZ)EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY

NEBRASKA

Page 29: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

Page 29

Nebraska Emergency Management Agency

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GAGE

DUNDY

CHASE

DAWSON

GRANT

OTOE

CHEYENNEKIMBALL

CLAY

CEDAR

HALL

HAYES

LOUP

BUFFALO

CASSYORK

PERKINS

BLAINE

FRONTIER

BOYD

BOONE

BOX BUTTE

BURT

PLATTEBANNER

FURNAS

ARTHUR

THOMASHOOKER

POLK

LOGAN

ANTELOPE

SALINE

PIERCE

ADAMS

DIXON

DODGE

BUTLER

VALLEY

CUMING

THAYER

LANCASTER

HARLAN

SAUNDERS

PHELPS

MCPHERSON

KEYA PAHA

DEUEL

SEWARD

NANCE

HOWARD

MADISON

HITCHCOCK

GREELEY

WAYNE

WHEELER

WEBSTER

SHERMAN

FILLMORE

FRANKLIN

GARFIELD

RED WILLOW

GOSPER

MERRICK

KEARNEY

NUCKOLLS

HAMILTON

COLFAX

PAWNEE

SCOTTS BLUFF

JEFFERSON

NEMAHA

STANTON

RICHARDSON

JOHNSON

SARPY

THURSTON

DOUGLAS

DAKOTA

WASHINGTON

Max

Eli

Ord

Ong

Oak

Dix

Bee

Ayr

Rose

Howe

Aten

Ames

Waco

Rulo

Roca

Polk

Peru

Page

Otoe

Macy

Funk

Elba

Cook

Cody

Burr

Alvo

Alma

Abie

Paul

WannLoma

Ruby

Darr

Haig

Sunol

Poole

Parks

Mills

Lisco

Boone

Yutan

Wynot

Wayne

Wausa

Wahoo

UticaUnion

Salem

Royal

Ragan

Ponca

Omaha

Odell

Obert

Naper

Merna

Malmo

Lyons

Lynch

Lyman

Leigh

Lamar

Inman Homer

Henry

Hardy

Hadar

Gross

GenoaGandy

Firth

Ewing

Elsie

Elgin

Edgar

Eagle

Dodge

Dixon

Davey

Crete

Craig

Cozad

Colon

Cairo

Byron

Butte

Bruno

Brule

Brock

Brady

Avoca

Anoka

Allen

Adams

Vesta

Ellis

Touhy

Agnew

Angus

Lindy

Macon

Keene

Flats

Ashby

Venice

Roscoe

Purdum

Odessa

Norden

KramerInland

Enders

Angora

Wymore

Wisner

Wilcox

Wilber

Weston

Verdel

Valley

Upland

Tobias

Tilden

Thayer

Taylor

Tarnov

Sutton

Sumner

Stuart

Strang

Stella

Snyder

Sidney

Sholes

Shelby

Seward

Seneca

Scotia

Santee

Ruskin

Rogers

Prague

Potter

Pilger

Pierce

Pender

Paxton

Panama

Palmer

Oxford

Osmond

Ohiowa

Oconto

Norman

Nenzel

Nemaha

Nelson

Neligh

Murray

Mullen

Monroe

Monowi

Miller

Magnet

McLean

McGrew

McCook

Loomis

Laurel

Julian

Ithaca

Boelus

Hooper

Herman

Hazard

Hamlet

Halsey

Hallam

Gurley

Gretna

Gordon

Gilead

Gibbon

Gering

Friend

Filley

FarnamExeterEustis

Elyria

Elwood

Edison

Dwight

Duncan

Dunbar

Diller

Denton

Daykin

Dalton

Curtis

Clarks Chalco

Center

Burton

Bladen

Berwyn

Bennet

Belden

Bayard

Barada

Axtell

Ashton

Arnold

Ansley

Mynard

Powell

Hansen

Amelia

Arabia

Sparks

Lowell

Mascot

Marion

Sarben

Perrin

Mintle

Whitman

Milburn

Martell

Loretto

Lemoyne

Inavale

EmeraldBrandon

Bingham

Antioch

Almeria

Wolbach

Winslow

Winside

Whitney

Western

Waverly

Wauneta

Wallace

Venango

Ulysses

Uehling

Tekamah

Talmage

Swanton

Stanton

Sprague

Spencer

Shubert

Shelton

Sargent

Rosalie

RaymondRavenna

Ralston

Prosser

Preston

PalmyraOverton

Oshkosh

Orleans

Orchard

O'Neill

Octavia

Oakland

OakdaleNorfolk

Newport

Nehawka

Naponee

Murdock

Morrill

Milford

Memphis

Melbeta

Maywood

Maxwell

Maskell

Malcolm

Madison

Lushton

Linwood

Lindsay

Lincoln

Liberty

Leshara

Lebanon

Kimball

Kilgore

Kennard

Kenesaw

Kearney

Juniata

Johnson

Jackson

Hyannis

Huntley

Hubbell

Howells

Hoskins

Hershey

Hendley

Harvard

Haigler

Gresham

Grafton

Goehner

Glenvil

Giltner

Garland

Fremont

Fordyce

Ericson

Emerson

Elmwood

Dunning

Du Bois

Douglas

Dickens

De Witt

Deweese

Deshler

Decatur

Danbury

Cushing

Crofton

CrestonCornlea

Cordova

Concord

Clinton

Chester

Chapman

Chadron

Ceresco

Carroll

Burwell

Bruning

Bristow

Bassett

Bartley

Atlanta

Ashland

Arcadia

Anselmo

Amherst

Pauline

Elsmere

Lorenzo

St. Mary

Raeville

Lakeside

Champion

Brownlee

Virginia

Verdigre

Unadilla

Trumbull

Thedford

Surprise

Superior

Stratton

Stockham

Sterling

Stamford

Spalding

Shickley

Scribner

Schuyler

Roseland

Riverton

Richland

Reynolds

Randolph

Primrose

Plymouth

Pickrell

Phillips

Palisade

Ogallala

Niobrara

Mitchell

Milligan

Merriman

Marsland

Lewiston

Lewellen

Lawrence

La Vista

Humphrey

Humboldt

HolsteinHoldrege

HolbrookHildreth

Hastings

Harrison

Grainton

Garrison

Franklin

Fairmont

FairburyEndicott

Doniphan

Crawford

Cortland

Comstock

Columbus

Clatonia

Clarkson

Chappell

Chambers

CarletonCampbell

CallawayBushnell

Brewster

Brainard

Bradshaw

Bertrand

Benedict

Bellwood

Bellevue

Belgrade

Bartlett

Bancroft

Atkinson

Arapahoe

Alliance

Rockford

Elk City

Kronborg

Rosemont

Bostwick

WeissertRinggold

Bucktail

Brownson

Whiteclay

Princeton

Ellsworth

Wood Lake

Winnetoon

Winnebago

Wellfleet

Waterbury

Wakefield

Valentine

Steinauer

Stapleton

Rushville

Rockville

Riverdale

Red Cloud

Plainview

Newcastle

Marquette

Loup City

Long Pine

Lodgepole

Lexington

Johnstown

Inglewood

Indianola

Hordville

Henderson

Heartwell

Greenwood

Fullerton

Fairfield

Elm Creek

Elk Creek

Eddyville

Davenport

Dannebrog

Crookston

Creighton

Coleridge

Cambridge

Brunswick

Blue Hill

Benkelman

Belvidere

Barneston

Ainsworth

La Platte

Irvington

Swedeburg

Menominee

Redington

Northport

St. Libory

Bow Valley

Wood River

West Point

Washington

Valparaiso

Table Rock

SutherlandStromsburg

Springview

South Bend

Smithfield Saronville

St. Helena

St. Edward

Pleasanton

Petersburg

North Loup North Bend

Moorefield

Mason City

Louisville

Litchfield

Hemingford

Guide Rock

Gothenburg

Falls City

Dorchester

David City

Culbertson

Cotesfield

Brownville

Broadwater

Bridgeport

Bloomfield

Bennington

Alexandria

Sweetwater

Westerville

Holmesville

WilsonvilleSteele City

Staplehurst

Springfield

Rising City

Plattsmouth

Morse Bluff

Hay Springs

Dakota City

Cedar Creek

Bloomington

Big Springs

Beaver City

Huskerville

Silver Creek

North Platte

Newman Grove

Meadow Grove

Grand Island

Fort Calhoun

Central City

Cedar Rapids

Battle Creek

Willow Island

South Yankton

Cummingsville

Platte Center

Nebraska City

Fort Robinson

Lorton Village

Saint Stephens

Republican City

Beaver Crossing

South Sioux City

Offutt AFB West CDP

York

Nora

Mead

Alda

Tryon

Grant

Emmet

Blair

Enola

Berea

Walton

Archer

Verdon

Tamora

Minden

Manley

Madrid

JansenHebron

Geneva

Foster

DawsonCowles

Beemer

Aurora

Auburn

Arthur

Albion

Trenton

Skyline

Osceola

Hubbard

Hickman

Harbine

Hampton

Greeley

Farwell

Elkhorn

Carlson

Keystone

Waterloo

WalthillThurston

Tecumseh

Syracuse

St. Paul

Minatare

Imperial

Burchard

Beatrice

Richfield

Gladstone

Terrytown

Papillion

Nickerson

Boys Town

Arlington

Harrisburg

Stockville

Hartington

Clearwater

Broken Bow

Assumption

Scottsbluff

Pawnee City

Martinsburg

Clay CenterHayes Center

Crab Orchard

Cedar Bluffs

Blue Springs

Bazile Mills

Weeping Water

Pleasant Dale

Saint Bernard

McCool Junction

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Fort Calhoun and Cooper Nuclear Plants10- and 50-Mile Emergency Protective Zones (EPZ)

Page 30: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

Page 30

Radiological Emergency Information

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Page 31: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

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Nebraska Emergency Management Agency

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Page 32: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

Page 32

Radiological Emergency Information

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Page 33: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

Page 33

Nebraska Emergency Management Agency

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Page 34: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

Page 34

Radiological Emergency Information

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Page 35: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

Page 35

Nebraska Emergency Management Agency

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Cooper Nuclear Station is located in southeast Nebraska on the west bank of the Missouri River near the towns of Nemaha and Brownville. With a gen-erating capacity of 810 megawatts. Cooper is the largest single unit gen-erating facility in the state. Commercial operation of the station began, July 1, 1974 .

Page 36: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

Page 36

Radiological Emergency Information

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Page 37: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

Page 37

Nebraska Emergency Management Agency

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February 2014

Fort Calhoun Nuclear Station

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(EPZ)

Fort Calhoun Station is a 478.6- megawatt nuclear power plant owned by Omaha Public Power Dis-trict and operated through an agree-ment with Exelon Generation. It is located on the west bank of the Missouri River, 19 miles north of Omaha. Planning for the facility, which began commercial production of electricity in 1973, commenced in 1966.

Page 38: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

Page 38

Radiological Emergency Information

Insurance

An accident at one of the nation’s commercial nuclear power sta-tions could result in human health and environmental damages. To ensure that funds would be available to settle liability claims in such cases, the Price-Anderson Act requires licensees for these nuclear power stations to have primary insurance—currently $300 million per site. The act also requires secondary coverage in the form of retrospective premiums to be contributed by all licensees to cover claims that exceed the primary insurance.

American Nuclear Insurers is the joint underwriting association whose purpose is to pool the financial assets of some of the largest stock insurance companies in the United States to provide the significant amount of property and liability insurance required by nuclear power stations.

Should there be a radiological emergency at one of the nuclear power stations, ANI will process damage and liability claims from off-site claimants.

This brochure is available by calling (402) 471-7421 or on-line at http://www.nema.ne.gov/pdf/rep-ingest.pdf

Page 39: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

Page 39

Nebraska Emergency Management Agency

YOUR NOTES

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Page 40: State of Nebraska Radiological Emergency Preparedness...Radiological Emergency Preparedness June 15, 2014 Important Information For Farmers, Food Processors and Distributors From Nebraska

Page 40

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