STATE OF CRISIS: EXPLOSIVE WEAPONS IN YEMEN

Report by: Robert Perkins

Editors: Hannah Tonkin, Iain Overton

With thanks to: Lars Bromley, Jane Hunter

Photos: 2ISMLNPPTU2SQOU1-2.:3AU IRLRFFTU�MNFOU1-2.:3

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Design: Tutaev Design

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ABOUT UN OCHAThe Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) is the part of the United NationsSecretariat responsible for bringing together humanitarian actors to ensure a coherent responseto emergencies. OCHA also ensures that there is a framework within which each actor can con-tribute to the overall response effort. OCHA’s core functions are coordination, policy, advocacy, information management and humanitarian financing. Our mission is to:

• Mobilize and coordinate effective and principled humanitarian action in partnership with national and international actors in order to alleviate human suffering in disasters and emergencies;• Advocate the rights of people in need;• Promote preparedness and prevention; and• Facilitate sustainable solutions.

OCHA has a unique mandate to speak out on behalf of the people worst affected by humanitariansituations. Our ultimate goal is to save more lives and reduce the impact of conflicts and natural disasters.

ABOUT AOAVAction on Armed Violence (AOAV) is a UK-based charity working to reduce harm and to rebuildlives affected by armed violence.

AOAV works with communities affected by armed violence, remove the threat of weapons, reduce the risks that provoke violence and conflict, and support the recovery of victims and survivors.

AOAV’s global explosive violence monitor, launched in October 2010, tracks the incidents, deathsand injuries from explosive weapon use reported in English-language media sources. AOAV doesnot attempt to comprehensively capture every incident of explosive weapon use around the world,but to serve as a useful indicator of the scale and pattern of harm to civilians.

AOAV is a founding member of the International Network on Explosive Weapons (INEW), an NGOpartnership calling for immediate action to prevent human suffering from the use of explosiveweapons in populated areas.

CONTENTS

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1 | AOAV AND UN OCHA

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INTRODUCTION EXPLOSIVE WEAPONS: A BACKGROUND

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“Many wounded are laid on the floor,we have only 130 beds. To ease thepressure on the morgue, which isfilled with bodies, we took picturesof bodies and buried them if none oftheir relatives came to receive themthe same day […] I have eight chil-dren and my sister is living with metoo. My children find it difficult to goto school like most of the childrennow as they are awake all night.”Yousif, a doctor at a hospital in Taizz, April 2015 ;;

STATE OF CRISIS: EXPLOSIVE WEAPONS IN YEMEN | 2

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3 | AOAV AND UN OCHA STATE OF CRISIS: EXPLOSIVE WEAPONS IN YEMEN | 4

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YEMEN: THE IMPACT OF EXPLOSIVE WEAPONS

“Almost 8.6 million people are in urgent need of medical help […] people con-tinue to suffer not only from war-related injuries, but from inability to get basictreatment for the most common health conditions, or get obstetric care duringchildbirth.

As the conflict continues, more lives are lost every day, not just due to the violence, but as a health system that has been seriously damaged barely copeswith the extraordinary needs posed by the unrelenting violent conflict and canno longer provide them with the health services they need to stay alive. Thehealth and lives of millions of people are at risk.”Dr Margaret Chan, Director-General of the World Health Organization, 27 May 2015 ;7

AIR-LAUNCHED EXPLOSIVE WEAPONS

CIVILIAN DEATHS AND INJURIES FROM EXPLOSIVE VIOLENCE

INCIDENTS OF EXPLOSIVE VIOLENCE, JAN-JULY 2015 IN YEMEN

from 01 January to 31 July 2015

GROUND-LAUNCHED EXPLOSIVE WEAPONS

IMPROVISED EXPLOSIVE DEVICES (IEDs)

1,037CIVILIAN DEATHS

AND INJURIES

2,682CIVILIAN DEATHS

AND INJURIES

15/20 INCIDENTS (75%) IN POPULATED AREAS

25/33 INCIDENTS (76%) IN POPULATED AREAS

93% OF DEATHS AND INJURIES INPOPULATED AREAS WERE CIVILIANS

35/71 INCIDENTS (49%) IN POPULATED AREAS

60% OF CIVILIAN DEATHS AND INJURIES

23%

17%

774CIVILIAN DEATHS

AND INJURIES

DEATHS AND INJURIES FROM EXPLOSIVE VIOLENCE IN YEMEN, JAN-JULY 2015

75 (60%) INCIDENTSIN POPULATED AREAS

49 (40%) INCIDENTS IN NON-POPULATED AREAS

5,2394,493 (86%) DEATHS AND INJURIES FROM EXPLOSIVE VIOLENCE WERE CIVILIANS

3,926 (95%) OF DEATHS AND INJURIES IN POPULATED AREAS WERE CIVILIANS

94% OF DEATHS AND INJURIES INPOPULATED AREAS WERE CIVILIANS

97% OF DEATHS AND INJURIES INPOPULATED AREAS WERE CIVILIANS

567 (51%) OF DEATHS AND INJURIES IN OTHER AREAS WERE CIVILIANS

TOTAL RECORDED DEATHS AND INJURIES

THE HARDEST-HIT PROVINCES, JAN-JULY 2015 IN YEMEN

500+

Civilian deaths and injuries from explosive violence

100-500

10-100

1-9

Only armed actors

No recorded casualties

MONTHLY DEATHS AND INJURIES FROM EXPLOSIVE VIOLENCE, JAN-JULY 2015 IN YEMEN

AVERAGE DEATHS AND INJURIES PER DAY SO FAR IN 2015

JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL MAY JUNE JULY

1,000

900

800

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

0

CIVILIAN DEATHS AND INJURIES

ARMED ACTOR DEATHS AND INJURIES

Saudi Arabia Oman

TAIZZ LAHJ

ADEN

SHABWAH

ABYAN

HADRAMAUT

YEMEN

SOCOTRA

AL MAHARAHAL JAWF

SA’ADA

Arabian Sea

Gulf of Aden

Red Sea

HAJJAH

AL MAHWIT

AL HUDAYDAHSANA’A

DHAMARRAYMAH

IBB

AMRAN

MARIB

AL BAYDA

AL DHALEE

4ARMED ACTORS

21CIVILIANS

All data from AOAV Explosive Violence Monitor

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7 | AOAV AND UN OCHA

AIR-LAUNCHED EXPLOSIVE WEAPONS

“It was like the doors of hell opened,I felt the house lift up and fall” Mohammed Sarhan, Sana’a resident, speaking about the air strike on Faj Attan, 20 April 2015 <;

STATE OF CRISIS: EXPLOSIVE WEAPONS IN YEMEN | 8

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GROUND-LAUNCHED EXPLOSIVE WEAPONS

9 | AOAV AND UN OCHA

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STATE OF CRISIS: EXPLOSIVE WEAPONS IN YEMEN | 10

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11 | AOAV AND UN OCHA

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STATE OF CRISIS: EXPLOSIVE WEAPONS IN YEMEN | 12

“I am now quadripalegic, paralysedfrom the neck down. That night,shrapnel entered my neck and exitedthrough my seventh vertebrae. Wehad just moved to our new house, wethought we were safe. Who will takecare of my family now? I was alreadytaking care of my 58-year-old brotherKhaled, who is intellectually disabledand my 27-year-old son Ahmed whois dumb and mute. Meanwhile my 28-year-old daughter Walla’ is sixtyper cent deaf.”Anhar Najeeb, 55 year-old mother-of-two, injured in overnight rocket attacks in Aden on 1 July. (7

“I still remember the day when therocket shelling was heavy. My motherwoke us up, pushed us through thedoor and told us to run, run, run. Wefound ourselves here, in this school. I want to go back home. I want to besafe.”12-year-old Al-Omari who lives in a school used to house IDPs in the southern city of Aden. (�

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IMPROVISED EXPLOSIVE DEVICES (IEDS) CONCLUSION

13 | AOAV AND UN OCHA

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STATE OF CRISIS: EXPLOSIVE WEAPONS IN YEMEN | 14

“The humanitarian situation is nothingshort of catastrophic. Every family inYemen has been affected by this con-flict. The people are facing immensehardship. And it is getting worse bythe day […] This cannot go on. Yemen is crumbling.” Peter Maurer, ICRC President, August 2015 7(

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METHODOLOGY

15 | AOAV AND UN OCHA STATE OF CRISIS: EXPLOSIVE WEAPONS IN YEMEN | 16

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NOTES

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