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Standards, Reusability, and the Mating Habits of Learning Content. Robby Robson Eduworks Corporation [email protected]. What’s the User’s Problem?. Learning content tends to be Written in large pieces Re-used in small chunks Highly interactive Evolving in sophistication - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Standards, Reusability, and the Mating Habits of Learning Content
Robby Robson
Eduworks Corporation
15 - 02 - 2006Code4Lib 20062
What’s the User’s Problem?
Learning content tends to be Written in large pieces Re-used in small chunks Highly interactive Evolving in sophistication
Lots of legacy content must be converted to run (and report results) to learning management systems
Reuse requires mixing apples and oranges Interoperability requires SCORM (Sharable Content
Object Reference Model)
15 - 02 - 2006Code4Lib 20063
What’s the Technical Problem?
Learning content is (or should be) highly interactive Quizzes (at least) Videos, simulations, games, “smart graphics”
Learning content comes In different formats (e.g. Authorware vs. HTML) With different navigation schemes With different scripts stored in different places
We need: “SCOs” (Sharable Content Objects) A common content model for SCOs
15 - 02 - 2006Code4Lib 20064
What we did last year … SCORE
SCOREExchangeFormat
SCOREConversion
UtilitySourceContent
SCOREContent(SCO)
SCORETool
SCOREExchangeFormat
SCORMAggregation
Tool
SCOREContent(SCO)
SCOREContent(SCO)
SCOREContent(SCO)
SCORMPackage
SCOSCO
SCO
Source Content is converted into an XML-based Interchange Format by a Conversion Utility
XML imported into a SCORE Tool where converted content can be edited into a styled. Output is a SCO
An Aggregation Tool is used to aggregate and sequence SCOs into a conformant SCORM Package
1
2
3
(SCOrm Reuse)
Screen shots & tiny fonts …
(Maybe the demo will work)
15 - 02 - 2006Code4Lib 20066
Splash Screen. Displayscopyright statement andVersion number.
LegacyCourseware Files
Main Option Panel. Providesinterface to open ConverterUtility, Editor/DisaggregationUtility or launches Reload.
Courseware Converter.Exports content into the SCOREExchange document. Suppliedby courseware vendor.
Open
SCORE ExchangeXML
SCORE ExchangeXML Template Create Template
SCOREData Base
SCORECourseware
Files
ConverterXML
Converter Output
Converter Input
Open
Create Template XML provides atemplate SCORE Exchange documentfor courseware vendors to populate withdata that represents their content.
Import SCO Files copies necessary filesfrom the legacy courseware filelocation(s) into a SCORE file structure.
Import From XML transfres the SCOREExchange document into a SCOREdatabase.
SCOREContent
Conversion
15 - 02 - 2006Code4Lib 20067
SCOREData Base
SCORECourseware
Files
Converter Output
Splash Screen. Displayscopyright statement andVersion number.
Main Option Panel. Providesinterface to open ConverterUtility, Editor/DisaggregationUtility or launches Reload.
OpenOpen
SCORE Editor. Provides theinterface to edit SCORE webpages. Controls are providedto manipulate web pageelements.
SCORE ContentXML
SCORE XSL
HTML
SCORE Disaggregator.Disaggregates andReaggregates content belowthe SCO level. Web pagesare the smallest reusableunits.
Open
Open
Selected web pages may besaved as a new SCO or mergedinto any other SCO.
Menu Panel. Provides the interfacefor launching all editing utilities.
SCOREJavaScript
SCORESCO
Editing
15 - 02 - 2006Code4Lib 20068
SCOREData Base
SCORECourseware
Files
Converter Output
Splash Screen. Displayscopyright statement andVersion number.
Main Option Panel. Providesinterface to open ConverterUtility, Editor/DisaggregationUtility or launches Reload.
OpenOpen
SCO Metadata Utility
Asset Metadata Utility
Content Aggregation andManifest Generator
ManifestDatabase
IMS Manifest
SCORM Utilities
15 - 02 - 2006Code4Lib 20069
Fidelity of Converted Content
AuthorwareExample
UnstructuredHTML
Example (From typical
learning content
authoring tool)
15 - 02 - 2006Code4Lib 200610
SCORE Prototype Demonstration
15 - 02 - 2006Code4Lib 200611
Project ResultCentral Importance of a Data Model
SourceContent
SCOREExchangeFormat
SCORETool
SCOREConversion
Utility
featureidentification
mapsource
to XML
XMLschemadefinition
consistentcontent
elements
SCORE Data Model
15 - 02 - 2006Code4Lib 200612
Project ResultThe Success of the Data Model
depends on the Card Deck Metaphor
Card(location)
sharedstate information
across cards
navigation
Card Deck
15 - 02 - 2006Code4Lib 200613
Project ResultThe Role of Generic and
Learning-specific Content Elements
Navigation
Identification/Heading
Content Region
learningspecificcontent
elements
genericcontent
elements
UI Model
Location
15 - 02 - 2006Code4Lib 200614
Project ResultContent Element need to Share State
Data across Locations
ContentElement
Y
ContentElement
X
Location 1 Location 2
Shared State Variables
15 - 02 - 2006Code4Lib 200615
• Project Partners• Eduworks• Advanced Distributed Learning Initiative (Joint ADL Co-Lab, Orlando)• LSI (Logistics Services International)• Mississippi State University (Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems)• NAVSEA Keyport
15 - 02 - 2006Code4Lib 200616
XML Interchange Format based on OASIS OpenDocument Format (ODF)
Open specification Incorporates W3C specifications On ISO/IEC standards path Significant platform adoption demonstrates
viability (Open Office, IBM Workplace) ODF profile (with extensions) can meet
project requirements Open source library (AODL) available
15 - 02 - 2006Code4Lib 200617
High Level Content Model
Location
Component
Location
Location
Location
Component
Component
Component
Each SCO “Black Box”1 or moreLocations
containsSCO
contains
1 or moreContent
Components
ODF “primitive”
Extended (e.g. “learning”)
15 - 02 - 2006Code4Lib 200618
All Components Have
ODF Content
ComponentCommon Properties• Height, Width• XY coordinate• Type
Common Events• DOM event• JavaScript Handlers• Use optional
Editor• means to visualize ODF component• means to edit an ODF component
Delivery Format Generator• XML to delivery format• Default dhtml
The component approach also supports a modular approach to implementing content converters
15 - 02 - 2006Code4Lib 200619
ODF Content Components
Locations contain content components
Components are cleanly encapsulated (can be inserted, cut and pasted as wholes)
Primitive components are directly taken from ODF.
Extended content components may be largely based on ODF
Extended content components may use an ODF wrapper and be largely based on other schemas (e.g. QTI for interactions)
TextBox
Interaction(QTI)
SmartGraphic
S1000D
HTMLBlob
Image
Object
Plugin
ODF Primitive Extended
Location may contain:
15 - 02 - 2006Code4Lib 200620
Why am I telling you all this?
Cool Open Source ProjectsAODL (now) www.opendocument4all
.com XML SCORM Studio (October)
[email protected] Raise issues concerning Content4Lib