Standard 22

The student will identify dimensions of the Civil Rights Movement, 1945-1970

A

Executive Order 9981 In September 1946, President

Truman met with a group of African American leaders to discuss the steps that needed to be taken to achieve equality.

In July 1948, Truman banned discrimination in the hiring of federal employees and integrated the military.

Only with the onset of the Korean War in 1950 did the armed forces truly make significant progress in ending segregation.

President Harry S. Truman is credited withA. Coming up with the idea of developing

an atomic bomb.B. Ending the Cold War.C. Ending discrimination in the armed

forces.D. Ending the Korean War peacefully.

Harry S. Truman lost the support of southern Democrats during the 1948 election predominantly becauseA. He supported integrating the US military.B. He supported segregating the US

military.C. He decided to drop the atomic bomb.D. He issued the Truman Doctrine.

B

Jackie Robinson Jackie was chosen

because he was college educated, attended UCLA, and had a record for standing up against racial injustice.

In 1947, he joined the Brooklyn Dodgers, becoming the 1st African American to play in the major leagues.

He opened the door for other African American athletes to be able to play professional sports.

Jackie Robinson made history asA. The acknowledged leader of the civil

rights movement.B. The first African American to play major

league baseball in the modern era.C. The attorney who won Brown v. Board of

Education.D. The founder of CORE.

C

Brown v. Board of Education On May 17, 1954, the

Supreme Court ruled in the Brown v. Board of Education trial the “separate facilities are inherently unequal.”

This over turned the Plessy v. Ferguson decision that said that segregation was legal as long as the facilities were “separate but equal.”

Resistance in Little Rock At the start of the 1957

school year, Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas was to be integrated.

Governor Orval Faubus said he would not be able to keep order if he were to allow the integration of schools.

President Eisenhower sent the National Guard down to Arkansas to protect the African American Students.

What effect did the Supreme Court’s decision in Brown v. Board of Education have on segregation?A. It reinforced segregation by upholding the concept of

states’ rights.B. It struck down segregation in public schools.C. It had little effect on segregation because states neither

acknowledged it nor implemented it.D. It had limited effect because whenever states refused to

follow it, the executive branch usually refused to get involved and enforce the decision.

Which of the following individuals would have been most affected by the Supreme Court’s decision in Brown v. Board of Education?A. A white student hoping to attend a private

university.B. Students in a public high school.C. Restaurant owners in the South.D. Employees of bus stations throughout the

United States.

D

Martin Luther King Jr. He was the 26-year-old

minister of the Baptist church where the original boycott meeting took place.

Dr. King became the spokesperson for the protest movement and became a leader in the civil rights movement.

Letter from a Birmingham Jail King's letter is a response to a

statement made by eight white Alabama clergymen that social injustices existed but argued that the battle against racial segregation should be fought solely in the courts, not in the streets.

King wrote that without nonviolent forceful direct actions such as his, true civil rights could never be achieved.

He asserted that not only was civil disobedience justified in the face of unjust laws, but that "one has a moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws.“

Two famous quotes from the letter are: "Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere," and, “Justice too long delayed is justice denied."

“I Have A Dream” Dr. King spoke of his

desire for a future where blacks and whites, among others, would coexist harmoniously as equals.

The speech is often considered to be one of the greatest and most notable speeches in history.

He is arguably the most impactful Georgian in history. He gained notoriety for his role in the Montgomery Bus Boycott, became the acknowledged leader of the civil rights movement, believed in non-violent resistance to racial injustice, and eventually won the Nobel Prize. Who was he?A. Jackie RobinsonB. Martin Luther King Jr.C. A. Philip RandolphD. Jimmy Carter

Speaking in front of he Lincoln Memorial, Martin Luther King, Jr. gave his famous “I have a Dream” speech. Which of the following statements is true regarding this speech?A. It occurred at the March on Washington and greatly

influenced Kennedy to push for civil rights legislation.B. It occurred at the March on Washington just months after

the Kennedy assassination and refocused the nation on civil rights.

C. It occurred in Montgomery, Alabama and was King’s final speech before his assassination.

D. It occurred in Selma, Alabama and led to Governor George Wallace apologizing for many of his segregationist views.

E

The Montgomery Bus Boycott In December 1955, Rosa

Parks refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger, and she was arrested for it.

The boycott called on all African Americans in Montgomery, Alabama to not ride the bus system until the bus company changed its segregation policy.

It worked. The boycott introduced non-

violent protest to the American landscape.

Civil Rights Act of 1964 It was a landmark piece of

legislation that outlawed racial segregation in schools, public places, and employment

It prohibited discrimination in public facilities, in government, and in employment, invalidating the Jim Crow laws in the southern U.S.

Voting Rights Act of 1965 The law outlawed

discriminatory voting practices that had been responsible for the widespread disenfranchisement of African Americans in the United States.

It specifically went after the practice of using literacy tests in the South. These tests required

minorities to prove that they could read before they were allowed to vote.

Which region of the United States would have been LEAST likely to support the Civil Rights Act of 1964?A. New EnglandB. MidwestC. SouthD. West

Following World War II, many African American soldiers returned home from serving their country to be met with racism and the humiliation of strict segregation laws. Which of the following did such treatment help inspire?A. The Great MigrationB. ReconstructionC. The anti-war movementD. The civil rights movement

Unit 5 Book Questions

Pg. 910: 1-8 Pg. 948: 1-8 Pg. 976: 1-8 Pg. 1042: 1-10 Pg. 1070: 1-8 Pg. 1100: 1-9 Pg. 1134: 1-10 Blog: www.pebblebrookhigh.typepad.com/mr_rathke/