Standard 10 a.

By: Brandi and Jamaal

All About Plants• Plants are multicellular eukaryotes

that have cell walls made of cellulose.

• Plants are in the Kingdom Plantae

• Plants are autotrophs ( they make their own food)

• Roots- help to anchor the plant in the soil so it doesn’t fall over

• Stems- support the plant; act as the plants pluming system by conducting water and nutrients from the roots and food in the form of glucose from the leaves to other plant parts

• Leaves- designed to capture sunlight which they use to make food through photosynthesis

• Photosynthesis- they use the energy from sunlight to produce glucose

• Flowers- the reproductive part of

most plants• Seeds- an embryo of a plant that is

encased in a protective covering and surrounded by food supply

Structure of a Plant

Vascular & Nonvascular Plants

• Vascular refers to the tubes or vessels that water travels through from the roots to the stems & leaves.

• Nonvascular plants do NOT have these tubes. Most of the plants in this group are small, low to the ground.

• Vascular plants do have these tubes to carry the water & nutrients & can grow very tall

Vascular & Nonvascular Plant Comparison

Nonvascular Plants Vascular Plants

Have spores instead of seeds

Have true seeds

Small, short Taller

Mosses & Ferns All of the trees grasses, shrubs

Vascular Plants are divided into 2 Groups by the way they reproduce

• Gymnosperms ( means “Naked Seeds”) are the trees that have cones.Their seeds are not covered with a fruit so we say they

are naked.

• Angiosperms are trees & plants that have flowers & fruits.

Gymnosperm & Angiosperm Comparison

Gymnosperms Angiosperms

Pollination Blows in the wind ( not efficient)

Insects carry the pollen from one flower to the next

Seeds Produced in cones Produced inside a fruit

Examples Pine tree, Cedar. Redwood, All Evergreen trees

Anything that has a flower or a fruit

Parts of a Flower

• Stamen- (it has the word Men in the word) the male part of the

flower and they produce a sticky powder pollen• Pistil- the female part of the body;

Stigma- the top part of the pistil which is often sticky

Ovule- the base of the pistil where seeds are made• Petals – attract the insects

with color & scent but

they do NOT have a

reproductive function

Pollination• Angiosperms are pollinated by insects The

flowers are often bright colored and have a strong smell to attract the pollinators

• Gymnosperms are pollinated by wind . The wind picks up pollen from one pine tree and carries it to another.

Monocots and Dicots• Two classes within the angiosperms: the

monocots, and dicots.

• Monocots and dicots are named for the number of seed leaves, or cotyledons, in the plant embryo ( in other words, how many leaves come out of the ground when the plant first sprouts)

• Monocots have one seed leaf

• Dicots have two seed leaves

Cotyledons

• Cotyledon- the first leaf or the first pair of leaves produced by the embryo of a seed plant

Monocot & Dicot Comparison

Venation Patterns

Parallel Venation Netted Venation

Questions

Question 11 Which student has correctly classified

each plant?STUDENT OAK

TREECORN DANDELION CARROTS

1 Monocot Dicot Monocot Monocot

2 Monocot Dicot Dicot Dicot

3 Dicot Monocot Monocot Dicot

4 Dicot Monocot Dicot Dicot

A. Student 1 C. Student 3

B. Student 2 D. Student 4

Answer…

D.STUDENT 4

Question 22 A class observes an unknown plant and

discovers that the plant’s seeds have only one cotyledon. When the class examines the leaves and the stem, what will they MOST LIKELY find?

A parallel veins and a ring of vascular bundlesB parallel veins and scattered vascular

bundlesC a netted arrangement of veins and a ring of

vascular bundlesD a netted arrangement of veins and

scattered vascular bundles

Answer…

B. Parallel veins and scattered vascular bundles

Question 33 Why are nonvascular plants typically

smaller and shorter than vascular plants?A Nonvascular plants use mitosis to

produce cells.B Nonvascular plants use photosynthesis to

obtain energy.C Nonvascular plants lack tubes to

transport materials.D Nonvascular plants lack deep fibrous

roots to obtain water.

Answer…

C. Nonvascular plants lack tubes to transport materials

Question 4 4 Study the table below. Which statement

is correct?

Plant Comparison

Plant Number of Flowering Parts

Arrangement of Vascular Tissue in Stem

Number of Embryo Parts

1 Multiples of 3 Scattered 1

2 Multiples of 4 or 5 In a ring 2

A. Plants 1 and 2 are gymnosperms C. Plant 1 is a monocot and plant 2 is a dicot

B. Plants 1 and 2 are nonvascular plants D. Plant 1 produces seeds, and plant 2

produces cones

Answer…

C. Plant 1 is a monocot, and plant 2 is a dicot

Question 5

Study the leaf below.

A plant with the leaf- venation pattern shown would be classified aA.dicot, with two cotyledons

B.dicot, with one cotyledon

C.monocot, with two cotyledons

D.monocot, with one cotyledon

Answer…

A.DICOT Dicots have netted venation

Question 7

What kingdom are plants in?

A. The flower kingdom

B. Kingdom Plantae

C. Kingdom Fungi

D. Kingdom Animalia

Answer

B. Kingdom Plantae

Question 9

What is the first leaf or the first pair of leaves produced by the embryo or seed plant?

A. Dicot

B. Gametophyte

C. Monocot

D. Cotyledon

Answer

D. cotyledon

Question 10

Which has a single cotyledon?

A. Sporophyte

B. Monocots

C. Fuit

D. dicots

Answer

B. MonocotsMono means single or one

Question 12

What are plants considered?

A. Autotrophs

B. Monotrophs

C. Hetertrophs

D. green

Answer

A. autotrophs

Question 13

Do plants have eukaryotic or prokaryotic cells?

Hint: Prokaryotic cells are very primitive & do not have true organelles.

Eukarytotic cells are “true cells”

Answer

Eukaryotes Only bacteria are Prokaryotic

cells. All others are made up of True cells