STAINLESS STEEL DATASHEETS - FineTubes · PDF fileSTAINLESS STEEL DATASHEETS 304 304L 310 316 316L 316LN ... SEAM wELDED, CoLD REDRAwn AnD ... alloy 310 (uns s31000) Alloy 310 stAinless

STAINLESS STEEL DATASHEETS

304304L310316316L316LN

316Ti 316LVM6Mo21-6-9 22-13-5904L

Alloys:

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Disclaimer: The information contained within this data sheet is for guidance only and is not intended for warranty of individual application - express or implied.

Technical Data

Alloys 304 (S30400) and 304L (S30403) stainless steels are variations of the 18 percent chromium – 8 percent nickel austenitic alloy, the most familiar and most frequently used alloy in the stainless steel family.

High strength, excellent corrosion resistance and minimized carbon content make Alloy 304 and 304L Stainless Steels useful for applications where welding is required. Uses include architectural mouldings and trim, welded components of chemical, textile, paper, pharmaceutical and chemical industry processing equipment.

Other advantages are its resistance to oxidation, excellent formability, ease of fabrication and cleaning, excellent strength to weight ratio and good toughness at cryogenic temperatures

For severely corrosive environments, the lower content of Type 304L is preferred because of its greater immunity to intergranular corrosion.

IndustrIes predomInantly usIng thIs grade

nuCLEAR AnD PowER

GEnERAL EnGinEERinG

typIcal applIcatIons

MoiSTuRE SEPERAToR REHEATERS

HEAT EXCHAnGERS

FEEDwATER TubES

STAToR bARS

Alloys 304 / 304l

mechanIcal propertIes

Temper 304 304L

Tensile Rm 76 ksi (min) 70 ksi (min)

Tensile Rm 517 MPa (min) 485 MPa (min)

R.p. 0.2% Yield 31 ksi (min) 25 ksi(min)

R.p. 0.2% Yield 207 MPa (min) 170 MPa (min)

Elongation (2” or 4D gl) 40 % (min) 40 % (min)

physIcal propertIes (Room Temperature)

Specific Heat (0-100°C) 500 J.kg-1.°K-1

Thermal Conductivity 16.2 w.m -1.°K-1

Thermal Expansion 17.2 mm/m/°C

Modulus Elasticity 19.3 GPa

Electrical Resistivity 7.23 µohm/cm

Density 8.00 g/cm3

chemIcal composItIon (% by weight)

304 304L

Element Min Max Min Max

C - 0.08 - 0.08

Mn - 2 - 2

ni 8 10.50 8 12.00

Cr 18 20 18 20

S - 0.03 - 0.03

n - 0.1 - 0.1

Si - 0.75 - 0.75

P - 0.045 - 0.045

stAinless steel

alloys 304 / 304l (uns s30400 / s30403)

avaIlable tube product forms

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SEAM wELDED AnD CoLD REDRAwn

SEAM wELDED, CoLD REDRAwn AnD AnnEALED

typIcal manufacturIng specIfIcatIons

AMS 5566 ASTM A213 nFA 49-117

AMS 5569 ASTM A269 nFA 49-217

AMS5647 ASTM A312 Mil-T 8504

AMS 6845 ASTM A632 Mil-T 8606

bS 10216 Pt 5 bS 3605 Pt 1

Also individual customer specifications.

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Technical Data

A heat resisting stainless steel with high resistance to oxidation scaling and has high strength at elevated temperatures. This is combined with better creep properties at temperature and 310 stainless is very tough and ductile.

310 stainless has good resistance to oxidation and may be used in continuous service up to 1140ºC provided reducing sulphur gases are not present. With its high chromium content 310 stainless offers good corrosion resistance to increase high temperature properties.


ASTM A632

ASTM A213

ASTM A312



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oiL AnD GAS

CHEMiCAL PRoCESSES


FuRnACE PARTS

HEAT EXCHAnGERS

HEAT TREATMEnT bASKETS AnD JiGS


Temper Annealed

Tensile Rm 76 ksi (min)

Tensile Rm 517 MPa (min)

R.p. 0.2% Yield 31 ksi (min)

R.p. 0.2% Yield 207 MPa (min)

Elongation (2” or 4D gl) 40 % (min)





Modulus Elasticity 20 GPa

Electrical Resistivity 72 µohm/cm

Density 7.75 g/cm3


Element Min Max

C - 0.25

Mn - 2

ni 19 22

Cr 24 26

Si - 1.50

P - 0.045

S - 0.03

alloy 310 (uns s31000)

Alloy 310 stAinless steel

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Technical Data

Grade 316 is the standard molybdenum-bearing grade, second in overall volume production to 304 amongst the austenitic stainless steels. The molybdenum gives 316 better overall corrosion resistant properties than Grade 304, particularly higher resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion in chloride environments.

Grade 316L, the low carbon version of 316 and has very high immunity from sensitization (grain boundary carbide precipitation). It is extensively used in the oil and gas and chemical industries for its cost effective corrosion resistance and ease of fabrication. There is commonly no appreciable price difference between 316 and 316L stainless steel. The austenitic structure also gives these grades excellent toughness, even down to cryogenic temperatures. Compared to chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steels, 316L stainless steel offers higher creep, stress to rupture and tensile strength at elevated temperatures.

These alloys may be considered for a wide variety of applications where one or more properties are important.


STRAiGHT | CoiLED | SEAMLESS




PRoCESS EnGinEERinG

ConTRoL LinES

HiGH PERFoRMAnCE LiquiD CHRoMAToGRAPHY (HPLC)

HEAT EXCHAnGERS

ConDEnSERS

SEMiConDuCToRS

MEDiCAL iMPLAnTS (inCLuDinG PinS, SCREwS AnD iMPLAnTS)


Temper Annealed Cold worked (approx. 20%)

Material 316 316L 316 316L

Tensile Rm 75 70 ksi (min) 102 - 131 ksi (min)

Tensile Rm 515 485 MPa (min) 700 - 900 MPa (min)

R.p. 0.2% Yield 30 27 ksi (min) 73 - 102 ksi(min)

R.p. 0.2% Yield 205 182 MPa (min) 500 - 700 MPa (min)








Density 7.99 g/cm3


316 316L

Element Min Max Min Max

C - 0.08 - 0.035

Mn - 2 - 2

ni 10 14 10 15

Cr 16 18 16 18

Mo 2 3 2 3

S - 0.03 - 0.03

Si - 1 - 1

P - 0.045 - 0.045

alloys 316 / 316l (uns s31600 / uns s31603)

Alloys 316 / 316l stAinless steel


oiL AnD GAS HiGH PERFoRMAnCE

CHEMiCAL PRoCESSES CoMMERCiAL


ASTM A213 ASME SA213

ASTM A269 nFA 49-117

ASTM A312 bS 10216

ASTM A632


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Technical Data

316Ti (UNS S31635) is a titanium stabilised version of 316 molybdenum-bearing austenitic stainless steel. The 316 alloys are more resistant to general corrosion and pitting/crevice corrosion than the conventional chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steels such as 304. They also offer higher creep, stress-rupture and tensile strength at elevated temperature. High carbon Alloy 316 stainless steel can be susceptible to sensitisation, the formation of grain boundary chromium carbides at temperatures between approximately 900 and 1500°F (425 to 815°C) which can result in intergranular corrosion.

Resistance to sensitisation is achieved in Alloy 316Ti with titanium additions to stabilise the structure against chromium carbide precipitation, which is the source of sensitisation. This stabilisation is achieved by an intermediate temperature heat treatment, during which the titanium reacts with carbon to form titanium carbides. This significantly reduces susceptibility to sensitisation in service by limiting the formation of chromium carbides. Thus, the alloy can be used for extended periods at elevated temperatures without compromising its corrosion resistance. 316Ti has equivalent corrosion resistance to sensitisation as the low carbon version 316L.


ASTM A213

bS En 10216 part 5



CHEMiCAL PRoCESSES

HiGH TEMPERATuRE

AuToMoTiVE

ConTRoL LinES


Temper Annealed












Density 7.99 g/cm3


Element Min Max

C - 0.08

Si - 0.75

Mn - 2

P - 0.45

S - 0.03

Cr 16 18

Mo 2 3

n - 0.1

Fe balance

ni 10 14s

Ti 5x%(C+n)

alloy 316ti (uns s31635)

Alloy 316ti stAinless steel


CHEMiCAL PRoCESSES

oiL AnD GAS

AuToMoTiVE


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Technical Data

316LVM (low carbon vacuum melt) stainless steel, regarded as a medical grade, this stainless steel is vacuum melted to achieve high levels of purity and cleanliness. It has excellent resistance to both general and intergranular corrosion, and pitting and crevice corrosion. The vacuum melt allows for superior surface finish.

316LVM stainless steel is our most commonly sold medical stainless steel. Breaking down the name, this is a low-carbon version of 316 that has been vacuum arc remelted to reduce impurities. Beyond removing impurities, this process, in combination with the unique nickel and chromium content of 316, tends to facilitate the formation of the surface chromium oxide layer that makes stainless steel corrosion resistant. There is some belief that T-316 LVM forms a more substantial surface layer, and that this plays a strong role in protecting the host body from reactions to the nickel content of the material.


ASTM F138

ASTM F2181



oRTHoPEDiC iMPLAnTS

TRAuMA nAiLS

nEuRoLoGiCAL APPLiCATionS

SuRGiCAL inSTRuMEnTS

CHRoMAToGRAPHY CoLuMnS


Temper Annealed Cold worked



R.p. 0.2% Yield 30 ksi (min) 100 ksi (min)









Density 7.99 g/cm3


Element Min Max

C - 0.03

Mn - 2

ni 13 15

Cr 17 19

Mo 2 3

S - 0.1

Si - 0.75

P - 0.25

alloy 316lvm (uns s31673)

Alloy 316lVM stAinless steel


MEDiCAL



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Technical Data

6Mo (UNS S31254) is a super austenitic stainless steel with a high level of molybdenum and nitrogen, providing high resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion as well as high strength compared with conventional austenitic stainless steels such as 316L.

The alloy can provide excellent resistance to stress corrosion cracking allowing tube cold forming and may be used without the necessity to re-anneal at testing up to 120°C.


ASTM A213 ASTM A312

ASTM A269 bS En 10216 pt.5



SEAwATER HAnDLinG SYSTEMS

DESALinATion PLAnT EquiPMEnT

PAPER AnD PuLP

FLuE GAS DESuLPHuRiSATion uniTS in PowER PLAnTS

CHEMiCAL PRoCESSinG

ConTRoL AnD inSTRuMEnTATion

typIcal chemIcal composItIon (% By WeIGHT)

Title unS werkstof C Si Mn P S Cr ni Mo Cu n

316L S31603 1.4404 0.03 1 2 0.045 0.015 17.5 11.5 2.25 - -

317L S31703 1.4439 0.03 1 2 0.045 0.30 19 13 3.5 - -

904L n08904 1.4539 0.02 1 2 0.045 0.035 21 25.5 - - -

6mo s31254 1.4547 <0.02 0.70 1 0.30 0.010 20 18 6.1 0.75 0.20

625 n06625 2.4856 0.1 0.5 0.5 0.015 0.02 0.5 58 8.5 - -

C276 n10276 2.4819 0.01 0.08 1 0.04 0.02 0.03 55 16 Co 2.5

w3.75



Thermal Conductivity 14 w.m -1.°K-1




Density 8.00 g/cm3

alloy 6mo (uns s31254)

Alloy 6Mo stAinless steel


CHEMiCAL PRoCESSES

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properties The steel grade was developed for use in halide containing environments such as seawater, hydrochloric acid and sulphuric acid. The increased levels of molybdenum combined with chromium and nitrogen provide levels of pitting and crevice corrosion resistance more typically associated with higher alloy nickel base alloys such as alloy 625 (UNS N06625).

structure Austenitic when annealed in the range 1120 - 1200C. In the hot working range between 600 - 1000C (Under certain process conditions traces of the chi and sigma intermetallic phases could form.) These could exist as grain boundary precipitates. Suitable procedures for heat treatment and welding will be required to ensure that there is no impact of precipitation on corrosion resistance. The typical microstructure of the 6Mo sheet is shown in Diagram 1 & 2.


Temper Annealed






Higher cost, higher alloy Alloy 625 (UNS N06625) with PReN value 50.

Base Alloy 6Mo (UNS S31254) with PReN 43.

Lower cost, lower alloy (316L) (UNS S31603) with PReN 25.

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pitting corrosion Some comparative test results for the different steel grades are shown in diagram 3. Fine Tubes investigated the pitting corrosion resistance of 6Mo grade by measuring pitting potentials using ASTM G5 test method.

The experiments conducted in an autoclave at 130°C in 3.5wt% NaCI has shown that 6Mo has the highest pitting potentials, compared to the super duplex stainless steels S32750 as shown is Diagram 3.

crevice corrosion

6Mo grade steels show higher pitting and crevice corrosion resistance compared to the traditional duplex and austenitic grades as shown in Diagram 4. Tests conducted in 6% FeCl3 (ASTM G48 A & B) to determine the critical pitting temperature (CPT) and critical crevice corrosion temperature (CCT) has shown that 6Mo grade is superior to the other austenitic stainless steel grades.

fabrication Cold working - the alloy is fully cold workable and the increased level of nitrogen will lead to high work hardening rates such that will produce increased mechanical strength and toughness. Machining - the high work hardening rate attributable to increased nitrogen levels and low sulphur levels make this alloy tougher to machine and hence lower cutting speeds are required compared with conventional austenetic stainless steels.

hardness testing & fittings compatibility The nature of our seamless tube production process control ensures a level of hardness is achieved which faciltates compatibility with compression settings where, typically a maximum hardness of Rockwell ‘B’ 90 is specified.

Hardness testing on small diameter tubes is typically not performed using the Rockwell test methodology as the level of loading required tends to distort surfaces or the ball impression can fall away due to the curvature of surface. The alloy has excellent forming characteristics permitting cold bending to very tight radii. Annealing is not normally necessary after forming.

Fine Tubes use the Vickers hardness testing as the most meaningful test methodology.

Diagram 1: band contract map plus grain boundary maps of 6Mo

Diagram 2: iPF map showing microstructure of 6Mo stainless steel

Alloy 6Mo stAinless steel

Diagram 3: pitting potentials in 3.5wt% naCi at 130°C in 8ppm dissolved oxygen

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

-50

Pitt

ing

pote

ntia

l (m

V vs

Ag/

AgCi

)

6Mo unS31254 unS32760 unS32750

Diagram 4: Graph showing critical pitting and crevice temperatures in 6% FeCi3, 24 hours (ASTM G48 A & b)

6Mo unS31254 unS 32750

25Cr

unS 31803904L

CPT(0C)

CCT(0C)

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

Tem

pera

ture

(°C)

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Technical Data

21Cr-6Ni-9Mn is a high manganese nitrogen strengthened, austenitic stainless steel. It combines high strength in the annealed condition, excellent resistance to oxidation at high temperatures as well as good resistance to lead oxide and a high level of corrosion resistance at ambient temperatures.

The alloy can be fabricated and formed much the same as type 304 and 316, and is readily wieldable. It remains nonmagnetic after severe cold work.


AMS 5561



AiRCRAFT HYDRAuLiC TubES

AiRCRAFT EnGinE CoMPonEnTS



Thermal Conductivity 14 w.m -1.°K-1




Density 7.83 g/cm3


Element Min Max

C - 0.08

Mn 8 10

ni 5.5 7.5

Cr 19 21.5

Fe balance

Mo 1.5 3

n 0.15 0.4

Si - 1

P - 0.06

S - 0.03

alloy 21-6-9 (uns s21900)

Alloy 21-6-9 stAinless steel


AERoSPACE


STRAiGHT




Temper Annealed Cold-worked






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Technical Data

S20910 stainless steel provides a combination of good corrosion resistance and strength not found in any other commercial material available in its price range. This austenitic stainless steel has corrosion resistance greater than that provided by types 316 and 316L, plus approximately twice the yield strength at room temperature in the annealed condition.

In addition S20910 stainless steel has very good mechanical properties at both elevated and sub-zero temperatures a well as outstanding cryogenic properties. And, unlike many austenitic stainless steels, 22-13-5 stainless steel can be heavily cold worked to enhance its yield strength and remain non-magnetic.


ASTM F1314



MEDiCAL iMPLAnTS

PRESSuRE TubE

DownHoLE







Density 7.88 g/cm3


Element Min Max

C - 0.03

Mn 4 6

ni 11.5 13.5

Cr 20.5 23.5

Fe balance

Mo 2 3

n 0.2 0.4

Si - 0.75

P - 0.025

S - 0.01

nb 0.1 0.3

V 0.1 0.3

Cu - 0.05

alloy 22-13-5 (uns s20910)

Alloy 22-13-5stAinless steel


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Temper Annealed Cold-worked*







MEDiCAL

oiL AnD GAS

* or manufactured to customer specification

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Technical Data

UNS NO8904, commonly known as 904L, is a low carbon high alloy austenitic stainless steel which is widely used in applications where the corrosion properties of AISI 316L and AISI 317L are not adequate.

The addition of copper to this grade gives it corrosion resistant properties superior to the conventional chrome nickel stainless steels, in particular to sulphuric, phosphoric and acetic acids. However, there is limited use with hydrochloric acids. It also has a high resistance to pitting in chloride solutions, a high resistance to both crevice and stress corrosion cracking. Alloy 904L performs better than other austenitic stainless steels due to the higher alloying of nickel and molybdenum.

The grade is non-magnetic in all conditions and has excellent formability and weldability. The austenitic structure also gives this grade excellent toughness, even down to cryogenic temperatures

The high chromium content promotes and maintains a passive film which protects the material in many corrosive environments. 904L has a greater resistance to precipitation of ferrite and sigma phases on cooling and welding than other stainless steels containing molybdenum such as 316L and 317L. There is no risk of intercrystalline corrosion on cooling or welding due to the low carbon content. Its maximum service temperature is at 450°C.

This grade is particularly useful in control and instrumentation tubing applications where 316 and 317L are not suitable.


SEAwATER CooLinG EquiPMEnT

CHEMiCAL PRoCESSinG FoR SuLPHuRiC, PHoSPHoRiC AnD ACETiC ACiDS

GAS wASHinG

ConDEnSER TubES

HEAT EXCHAnGERS

ConTRoL AnD inSTRuMEnTATion







Density 7.95 g/cm3


Element Min Max

C - 0.2

Mn - 2

ni 23 28

Cr 19 23

S - 0.3

Mo 4 5

n - 0.1

Cu 1 2

P - 0.03

Si - 0.7

alloy 904l (uns n08904)

Alloy 904lstAinless steel


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Temper Annealed







CHEMiCAL PRoCESSES

oiL AnD GAS

PHARMACEuTiCAL


ASTM A213 ASTM A312

ASTM A269 bS En 10216 pt.5


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Technical Data

316LN (UNS S31653) is a lowcarbon, nitrogen-enhanced version of Type 316 molybdenum-bearing austenitic stainless steel. The Type 316 alloys are more resistant to general corrosion and pitting/crevice corrosion than the conventional chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steels such as Type 304. They also offer higher creep, stress-rupture and tensile strength at elevated temperature.

The nitrogen in Type 316LN adds additional resistance to sensitization in some circumstances and it also provides some solid solution hardening, raising its minimum specified yield strength compared to Type 316L stainless steel. Like Types 316 and 316L, the Type 316LN alloy also offers good resistance to general corrosion and pitting/crevice corrosion.


STRAiGHT

CoiLED

SEAMLESS


oRTHoPAEDiC iMPLAnTS

TRAuMA nAiLS

nEuRoLoGiCAL APPLiCATionS

SuRGiCAL inSTRuMEnTS


Temper Annealed Cold worked












Density 7.99 g/cm3

alloy 316ln (uns s31653)

Alloy 316lnstAinless steel


MEDiCAL

CHEMiCAL PRoCESSES



ASTM F138

ASTM F2181



Element Min Max

C - 0.03

Mn - 2

ni 13 15

Cr 17 19

Mo 2 3

S - 0.1

Si - 0.75

P - 0.25

Documents

STAINLESS STEEL DATASHEETS - FineTubes · PDF fileSTAINLESS STEEL DATASHEETS 304 304L 310 316 316L 316LN ... SEAM wELDED, CoLD REDRAwn AnD ... alloy 310 (uns s31000) Alloy 310 stAinless