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7/31/2019 Stages of Life Span
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is the act or process of bearingor bringing forth offspring
normally begins 266 days after
conception
Three Stages
Dilation of the cervix
Descent and emergence of
the baby
Expulsion of the placentaand umbilical cord
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Before 1920s
Delivery of the baby took place at home
Attended by doctors and midwives
The mother was separated from the rest of the family
Breast feeding was discouraged and replaced bymodern infant formulas and baby bottles
1930s
Dr. Grantley Dick-Read wrote Birth Without Fear.He noticed that women who had someone with themto explain events had significantly less pain
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1940s
Fernand Lamaze studied Russian techniquesof conditioned responses to reduce childbirth
painMarjorie Karmel and Elizabeth Bing began anationwide movement to promote theLamaze Method
1960s
Dr. Robert Bradley introduced the radicalconcept of fathers in the delivery room
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A woman in labor can condition herresponses to contractions through
breathing and imagery to minimize thepain
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RELAXATIONcornerstone or comfortduring labor
Reduce the pain of labor and birth Educates the patient about labor and
delivery
Helps the mother to enjoy theexperience of bringing her baby into theworld
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Training in respiration techniques
Cognitive restructuring through focusing
the eyes on something Social support by a coach
Attending classes with the expectant mother
Participating in the delivery Helping with the exercises
Enhances her sense of self worth
Reduces her fear of loneliness
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Controlled deep breathing
Light massage of the abdomen
Concentrating on the focal point The coach is very much involve
It allows the woman to control her body
Helps with her labor management
Educates the patient
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When a woman is giving birth, she isreborn herself
Birth is not something sweet. It is the mostintense experience that a woman cango through
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Transform pregnancy and childbirth intoa spiritual experience
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Suggesting that the mother breathe indeeply and slowly from the belly
Chanting a loud pure sound on theoutbreath for the contractions to beover, before breathing again
The mother goes back to her own birth
and go beyond herself The umbilical cord is not clamped
immediately , nor is the newbornslapped to initiate breathing
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Only entirely natural childbirth method
There is a danger in current obstetrical
procedures
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Educate the mother about conditioningexercises and muscle relaxation in labor
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Women are capable of and entitled to abirth without drugs or medical
intervention They encourage the use of midwives
rather than technical oriented doctors
A slow, deep breathing, take your timeapproach is advocated in a quiet, unlit,pillow laden environment
The baby is immediately breast-fed
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Uses mental imagery to enhancerelaxation
Touch, massage and visualization tohelp the woman flow with thecontraction rather than ignore orbreathe it away
The mother is encouraged to labor inany position that is comfortable for her
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Enhances self determination andconfidence
The emphasis is on the contraction Classes begin early in pregnancy
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Works with the strengths of the couplegiving birth
Encourages to use whatever means ofbreathing and style
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Involves the relaxation of the pelvic floormuscles
Emphasizes women listening to theirbody
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Allows the mother and newborn baby tobe submerged in a pool of water
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The position of the fetus and its size inrelation to the mothers reproductive
organs allow it to emerge in the normal,head first position.
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The buttocks of the fetus appears first,followed by the legs, the arms and finally
the head. Instruments like forceps areused to aid the delivery
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The fetus lies crosswise in the mothers
uterus, so that if this portion cannot be
changed before the birth process,instruments must be used to aid thedelivery
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When the fetus is too large to emergespontaneously or when its position makes
normal birth impossible, instruments mustbe used to aid the delivery
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If the fetus is too big to pass through thebirth canal without a prolonged and
difficult labor, even when instruments areused, it is delivered surgically by makinga slit in the maternal abdominal wall
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It covers approximately the firsttwo weeks of life
Characteristics
Shortest of all developmenalperiods
A time of radical adjusments
A plateau in development
A preview of later development
A hazardous period
Periods
Period of partunate
Period of neonate
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- simple automatics reaction to a particular stimulus
Sucking Swallowing Placing Tonic Neck Stepping Moro
Darwinian (Grasping) Babinsky Swimming Rooting