Stage 3 Archaeological Assessment of the Mosely Farm Site ... planning/da-131503... · The Mosely Farm site was identified during the course of a Stage 2 test pit survey of the 29

Stage 3 Archaeological Assessment of the Mosely Farm Site (AiGw-496), Part of Lot 15, Concession 1 N.D.S.

Geographic Township of Trafalgar Town of Oakville, Regional Municipality of Halton

License Report

Submitted to:

McGill Development Services

311 Byron Street North Whitby, Ontario L1N 4N4

Tel. (905) 668-0681 Fax. (905) 442-4357

Culture Programs Unit Ministry of Culture

400 University Ave., 4th Floor Toronto, Ontario M7A 2R9

Tel. (416) 314-7148 Fax. (416) 314-7175

Prepared by: ARCHAEOLOGICAL SERVICES INC.

528 Bathurst Street Toronto, Ontario M5S 2P9

Tel. (416) 966-1069 Fax. (416) 966-9723 Email: [email protected]

Website: www.iASI.to

Archaeological Licence # P128 MCL CIF # P128-031-2008

ASI File # 08TE-14

September 2008

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PROJECT PERSONNEL

Project Manager: Ms. Eva MacDonald

Project Director: Dr. Katherine Hull

Field Director: Mr. Wesley Oldham

Field Archaeologists: Ms. Claire Van Nierop Mr. Brian Williams Ms. Alison Torrie Ms. Johanna Kelly Mr. Andrew Clish Ms. Jenna Down

Artifact Processing:

Ms. Elaine Cheng

Archival Research:

Dr. Colin McFarquhar

Artifact Analysis:

Ms. Kristine Crawford

Report Preparation:

Dr. Katherine Hull Ms. Eva MacDonald

Graphics:

Ms. Sarina Finlay Mr. David Robertson

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PROJECT PERSONNEL ........................................................................................................................................... I 1 INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................................................1 2 PROJECT BACKGROUND.............................................................................................................................3

2.1 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH ...................................................................................................3 2.2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND STAGE 3 RESULTS....................................................................................3

3 LAND USE HISTORY ......................................................................................................................................5 4 ARTIFACT ANALYSIS....................................................................................................................................6

4.1 KITCHEN/FOOD-RELATED CLASS ................................................................................................................8 4.2 ARCHITECTURAL CLASS............................................................................................................................10 4.3 PERSONAL CLASS......................................................................................................................................11 4.4 FURNISHINGS ............................................................................................................................................11 4.5 TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CLASS.................................................................................................................12 4.6 ORGANIC CLASS........................................................................................................................................13

5 DISCUSSION ...................................................................................................................................................13 6 RECOMMENDATIONS.................................................................................................................................17 7 REFERENCES CITED ...................................................................................................................................18 8 PHOTOGRAPHIC PLATES..........................................................................................................................19

List of Figures

FIGURE 1: LOCATION OF THE MOSELY FARM SITE (AIGW-496). NTS HAMILTON-BURLINGTON SHEET 30M/5, EDITION 10, 1999................................................................................................................................................................1

FIGURE 2: LOCATION OF STAGE 3 TEST UNITS AT THE MOSELY FARM SITE (AIGW-496). .............................................2 FIGURE 3: THE STAGE 3 ASSESSMENT OF THE MOSELY FARM SITE (AIGW-496). ..........................................................4

List of Tables

TABLE 1: MOSELY FARM SITE (AIGW-496) ARTIFACT TOTALS BY FUNCTIONAL CLASS AND PROVENIENCE................7 TABLE 2: DATABLE DECORATIVE STYLES PRESENT AT THE MOSELY FARM SITE, AFTER KENYON (1995) ....................9 TABLE 3: ARBITRARILY DEFINED OCCUPATION AREAS AND THE CORRESPONDING STAGE 3 UNITS............................15 TABLE 4: NUMBER AND PERCENTAGE OF PRE-1870 CERAMICS PER AREA...................................................................15 TABLE 5: NUMBER AND PERCENTAGE OF POST-1870 CERAMIC ARTIFACTS PER AREA................................................16 TABLE 6: NUMBER AND PERCENTAGE OF ARTIFACT CLASSES PER AREA.....................................................................16

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List of Plates

PLATE 1: EXCAVATING TEST UNITS IN THE FRONT YARD AREA OF THE EXTANT FARMHOUSE. ......................................19 PLATE 2: EXCAVATING TEST UNITS IN THE AREA TO THE REAR OF THE BARN. ..............................................................19 PLATE 3: EXCAVATING TEST UNITS IN THE YARD AREA TO THE WEST OF THE BARN. ....................................................20 PLATE 4: PROFILE OF TEST UNIT 500N-180E...............................................................................................................20 PLATE 5: REDWARE RIM FRAGMENT (CAT.#121). ........................................................................................................21 PLATE 6: A SAMPLE OF SPONGE-DECORATED SHERDS (FROM LEFT: CAT.#239, 131, 265, 241).....................................21 PLATE 7: WILLOW PATTERN BLUE TRANSFERPRINT SHERDS (FROM LEFT: CAT.#127, 260). .........................................22 PLATE 8: SEMI-PORCELAIN SHERDS DECORATED WITH A DECALCOMANIA FLORAL MOTIF (CAT.#404). .......................22 PLATE 9: CHILD’S TRANSFERWARE PLATE FRAGMENT (LEFT, CAT.#296) AND A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF THE

TRANSFERPRINT SCENE (RIGHT; LEATHERWOOD ANTIQUES 2008). ....................................................................23 PLATE 10: ASSORTED SMALL FINDS. FROM LEFT: STONEWARE INK BOTTLE RIM (CAT.#226); SLATE PENCIL

(CAT.#320); BONE BUTTON (CAT.#249); “GLASGOW” IMPRESSED PIPE STEM (CAT.#318); GLASS MARBLE (CAT.#281). ........................................................................................................................................................23

List of Appendices

APPENDIX A: MOSELY FARM SITE (AIGW-496) ARTIFACT INVENTORY—CERAMIC ARTIFACTS APPENDIX B: MOSELY FARM SITE (AIGW-496) ARTIFACT INVENTORY—NON-CERAMICS

Archaeological Services Inc.

Stage 3 Archaeological Assessment of the Mosely Farm Site (AiGw-496), Part of Lot 15, Concession 1

N.D.S., Formerly the Township of Trafalgar South Now in the Town of Oakville, Regional Municipality of Halton

1 INTRODUCTION Archaeological Services Inc. (ASI) was contracted by McGill Development Services to complete a Stage 3 archaeological assessment of the Mosely Farm site (AiGw-496), part of Lot 15, Concession 1, N.D.S., formerly in the Township of Trafalgar, now in the Town of Oakville, Regional Municipality of Halton (Figure 1). The site is located throughout the landscaped yards and paddocks associated with a house and barn complex at 3369 Sixth Line (Figure 2). This Euro-Canadian site measures 0.7 hectares (1.8 acres). The assessment was conducted under the project management of Ms. Eva MacDonald pursuant to the Ontario Heritage Act (R.S.O. 2005). Stage 3 fieldwork was conducted under the professional license #P128 and Ministry of Culture CIF # P128-031-2008 issued to Dr. Katherine Hull. Permission to access the land and to carry out all activities necessary for the purpose of this assessment was granted by McGill Development Services. The documentation and artifacts related to this archaeological assessment shall be curated by Archaeological Services Inc. until such a time that arrangements for their ultimate transfer to Her Majesty the Queen in right of Ontario, or other public institution, can be made to the satisfaction of the landowner, the Ministry of Culture, and any other legitimate interest groups. The following report provides the study background, method, analysis, discussion, and recommendations stemming from the excavation.

Figure 1: Location of the Mosely Farm site (AiGw-496). NTS Hamilton-Burlington sheet 30M/5, Edition 10, 1999.

DATE: SEPT. 2/08ASI PROJECT NO.: 08TE-14 DRAWN BY: SF/DAR

FILE: 08TE-14 stage 3 location.ai

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Figure 2 Location of Stage 3 Test Units at the Mosely Farm Site (AiGw-496)Archaeological Services Inc.

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Stage 3 Archaeological Assessment of the Mosely Farm Site (AiGw-496) Part of Lot 15, Concession 1 N.D.S., Geographic Township of Trafalgar Town of Oakville, Regional Municipality of Halton Page 3


2 PROJECT BACKGROUND

2.1 Previous Archaeological Research The Mosely Farm site was identified during the course of a Stage 2 test pit survey of the 29 hectare Argo property on Lot 15, Concession 1 N.D.S. in November 2007. The site comprises artifacts located in the landscaped yards surrounding an extant, red brick farmhouse at 3369 Sixth Line and the paddocks west and south of the barn complex. A second historical site registered on Lot 15 during that assessment (Bourbee AiGw-493) has been interpreted as the pioneer cabin that preceded the brick house (ASI 2007). In addition, numerous sparse scatters of historical materials were found throughout the arable lands on the property (ASI 2007:Figure 3). Twenty-one positive test pits were excavated in four discrete areas to the west, east and south of the historic farmhouse (Figure 2). In total, 28 artifacts were collected during the Stage 2 assessment. The resulting ceramic assemblage consisted of sherds of blue painted pearlware, factory slip-decorated refined white earthenware, moulded and sponged ironstone and coarse red earthenware. In addition, machine-cut nails, wire nails, window glass, soft drink container glass and fragments of a glass lamp chimney were recovered. Based on the results of the Stage 1 and 2 assessment, it was recommended that a Stage 3 archaeological assessment of the Mosely Farm site (AiGw-496) should be conducted to define the extent of the site, gather a representative sample of artifacts, and aid in the determination of a Stage 4 mitigation strategy if one was required (ASI 2007).

2.2 Research Methodology and Stage 3 Results The site was subject to a Stage 3 archaeological assessment under the project direction of Dr. Katherine Hull and the field direction of Mr. Wesley Oldham. On July 17-18, 2008, Mr. Oldham and his crew excavated 22 one-metre square test units. The work programme was designed to assess those locations were positive test units had been documented (Figure 2). Five test units were placed in the rear yard of the house, seven units were placed in the house’s front yard (Plate 1), three units were placed in the yard area to the southwest of the barn (Plate 2), and the remaining seven units were placed at the rear of the barn (Plate 3). All test units were excavated to sterile subsoil, and soil fills were screened through six-millimetre wire mesh in order to facilitate artifact recovery. In addition, the subsoil was trowelled and examined for undisturbed cultural strata or settlement features (Plate 4). Five of the test units located at the rear of the barn failed to yield historical artifacts (Figure 3). Artifact yields in the remaining units ranged from one in Unit 480N-160E to 305 in Unit 520N-210E. In total, excavators recovered 1,109 historical artifacts. The topsoil depths ranged from 36 cm in Unit 490N-260E to 10 cm in Unit 490N-210E, both of which were situated in paddocks adjacent to the barn. This disparity between topsoil depths suggests that this area has undergone some degree of grading, probably associated with the barn’s construction sometime in the twentieth century given its concrete block foundation and concrete silo.

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Figure 3: The Stage 3 Assessment of the Mosely Farm Site (AiGw-496)

DATE: SEPT. 2/08ASI PROJECT NO.: 08TE-14 DRAWN BY: DAR

FILE: 08TE-14 stage 3 results.ai

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3 LAND USE HISTORY A review of material at the Ontario Archives has revealed the following information. According to the Abstract Index to Deed Titles, the Crown Patent for Lot 15 was granted to the future Attorney General of Upper Canada, John Beverley Robinson in 1807. The patent was for all 200 acres. In 1812, Robinson sold part of the lot (50 acres) to Peter Dykineau and another part of the lot (50 acres) to Lockwood Street. In 1816, Dykineau and Street both sold their property to Daniel Munn, who immediately sold this 100-acre piece, described as the “rear part,” to Amelia Jones. Both Munn and Jones were early settlers in Trafalgar Township and it is unlikely that they resided on the property as they had established homes in the township. Two years later, in 1818, John Jones sold this part to Toronto lawyer D’Arcy Boulton Jr., whose home The Grange still stands today on the Art Gallery of Ontario property. Boulton held the property on speculation until 1835, when he sold it to William Bourbee of Trafalgar Township. In order to confirm who may have resided on the property during this time, early assessment rolls were checked for the address of Lot 15, Concession 1 N.D.S. In 1827, William Bourbee was assessed for 100 acres on the north part of Lot 15, 35 acres of which were cultivated, and no house was included in the assessed value of the property, indicating that he still resided in a log cabin [AO, Microfilm of Assessment Rolls, Trafalgar Township, reel MS 700/3]. Given the quantity of land that had been cleared, it is probable that Bourbee was the first person to occupy the property and bring the land into agricultural production circa 1818. Bourbee continued to be assessed for 100 acres on the north half of the lot according to the 1846 and 1853 assessments. The number of acres under cultivation had risen to 60 by 1846 [AO, Microfilm of Assessment Rolls, Trafalgar Township, reel MS 700/4]. He sold the property to Robert William Biggar in 1855. Biggar then sold half an acre in the rear part of the lot to Henry Mosely in 1857, which likely contained the farmhouse established on the property. The 1858 Tremaine map, however, failed to illustrate any structures on the property of “Henry Mosely” on Lot 15. This is interesting as the Town of Oakville lists the house at 3369 Sixth Line on its register of properties of cultural heritage value, and the construction date is given as 1848 (Town of Oakville 2008). A year later, Robert Biggar quit-claimed 100 acres in the north half to C. Mosely in 1859. The agricultural returns included with the 1861 census confirmed the subdivision of the original 200 acre lot into two large farms, with 100 acres on the north half farmed by Henry Mosely. He was enumerated in the personal portion of the census as a 56 year-old Canadian-born widower who lived with his 12 children in a one storey brick house. The three oldest boys were enumerated as labourers. The family possessed 100 acres, of which 80 were cultivated. The farm’s crops included wheat, barley, oats, Indian corn, potatoes, and turnips. The livestock included steers, cows, horses, sheep, and pigs [AO, Microfilm of 1861 Census Rolls, Trafalgar Township, reel C-1031]. In 1861, Mosley sold the property to Richard Halloran. The 1877 Historical Atlas of Halton County illustrated the homelot of “N[on] R[esident] Richard Halloran” on Lot 15, including a farmhouse in the approximate location of the existing structure at 3369 Sixth Line, and an



extensive orchard between the farmhouse and the Sixth Line. No other structures were illustrated on Halloran’s property. Although the 100-acre farm remained in the Halloran family at the close of the nineteenth century according to the deed abstracts [AO, Abstract Index to Deed Titles, Trafalgar Township, reel GSU 179049], late nineteenth-century assessments and censuses indicate that after Richard Halloran purchased the property in 1861, the farm was operated by multiple tenant families. For example, the agricultural returns included with the 1871 census listed John Halloran as a tenant farmer on 100 acres. He was described as a 66 year-old Irish-born widower who lived with his three children. Their crops included wheat, barley, oats, peas, potatoes, hay, and apples, and the livestock owned included cows, sheep, and swine. The family did not own any dwelling houses [AO, Microfilm of 1871 Census Rolls, Trafalgar Township, reel C-9955]. The 1881 assessment listed Richard Halloran as the freeholder of 100 acres and William Ackerman was described as the tenant [AO, Microfilm of Assessment Rolls, Trafalgar Township, reel G.S. 3410]. The 1891 assessment enumerated Francis Ford (yeoman) on the property of Margaret Halloran (freeholder) [AO, Microfilm of Assessment Rolls, Trafalgar Township, reel G.S. 3411]. A total of seven families was enumerated for Lot 15 in the 1901 census. The person likely residing on the north half was Grant Ford. He was described as a 38 year-old Ontario-born farmer who lived with his wife, four children, and one farm helper. The family leased 100 acres and lived in a brick house that had eight rooms [AO, Microfilm of 1901 Census Rolls, Trafalgar Township, reel T-6471]. To summarize the preceding information, the process of bringing the land on Lot 15 into agricultural production was begun by William Bourbee circa 1818. He purchased his 100-acre farm in 1835 and continued to be assessed for land on Lot 15 until he sold it to Robert Biggar in 1855. Biggar in turn sold a half-acre homelot (that likely contained the farmhouse) to Henry Mosely in 1857. In 1859, Biggar quit-claimed the remaining land to C. Mosely, who is recorded as residing in a one storey brick home. This family did not occupy the property for very long, however, and in 1861, the north 100 acres was sold to Richard Halloran. Halloran was a non-resident landlord and the farm itself was operated by multiple tenant families who resided in the brick farmhouse that is still standing today at 3369 Sixth Line. Therefore, the Mosely Farm site (AiGw-496) relates to the later part of William Bourbee’s occupation (circa 1848-1855), Robert Biggar (1855-1857), Henry and/or C. Mosely (1857-1861), and multiple tenant families who worked the farm between 1861 and the early twentieth century.

4 ARTIFACT ANALYSIS A total of 1,109 historic artifacts (Table 1; Appendices A, B) was recovered during the Stage 3 archaeological assessment of the Mosley Farm site. The “Classification System for Historical Collections” (Canadian Parks Service 1992) was used to organize the site data. It was necessary to add the category of “Organic” to account for faunal remains commonly found in topsoil excavation units.



Table 1: Mosely Farm Site (AiGw-496) Artifact Totals by Functional Class and Provenience

Artifact Class Test Unit Yields Sub-class Totals Class Total as % of Site

Architectural 438 39.5 Window glass 102

Nail, hand-wrought 9 Nail, machine-cut 193

Nail, wire 120 Brick 14

Personal 19 1.7 Button 6

Bead 1 Coin 1

Shoe eyelet 2 Container, nail polish 1

Smoking paraphernalia 8 Furnishings 19 1.7

Figurine 2 Flower pot 15

Lamp chimney 1 Stove part 1

Tools and Equipment 63 5.7 Games 1

Agricultural 5 Armament 2

Writing 4 Hardware 35

Other tools 15 Livery 1

Organic 175 15.8 Avian 10

Mammal 165 Kitchen/Food-related 281 25.3

Food preparation 2 Food storage 17 Food service 3

Food consumption 4 Beverage storage 2

Beverage consumption 22 Indeterminate 205

Indeterminate 114 10.3

Container, unidentified 64 Metal scrap 2

Unidentified 48 Artifact Totals 1,109 1,109 100.0



4.1 Kitchen/Food-related Class The Stage 3 assemblage from the Mosely Farm site contains 281 Kitchen/Food-related artifacts, comprising 25.3% of the total. These artifacts are related to the storage, preparation, distribution and consumption of food and beverages. Ceramics The Kitchen/Food-related ceramic assemblage contains 250 sherds (Appendix A). Due to the highly fragmentary nature of the collection, no unique vessels were identified. The following discussion presents information on ware type and decoration. Discerning the ware types within an assemblage is useful to archaeologists as a relative dating technique because of the historical progression of types in industrial-era ceramic production. Creamware was first produced by Wedgwood in 1762 and marketed under the name ‘Queen’s Ware,’ which made it attractive as a status ware (Mullins 1998:25). The popularity of creamware waned as a subsequent ware type was introduced but due to the area’s distance from the manufacturing center of Staffordshire, creamware remained prevalent in Ontario until circa 1830 (Kenyon 1995). Pearlware was introduced by Wedgwood in 1779 as an alternative to creamware (Majewski and O’Brien 1987:118). The popularity of pearlware was greatest during the turn of the nineteenth century and continued in Ontario until the 1830s (Kenyon 1995). Introduced in the 1830s, refined white earthenware (or RWE) represented a change in glaze composition, from a lead-based to a lead-free glaze (Kenyon 1995). First appearing in merchants’ records in 1847, ironstone (also known as white granite) became extremely popular, reaching its height in the 1880s. The wheat pattern, characterized by distinctive wheat images moulded on the body of the vessel, became popular in the 1860s and was available through the remainder of the century. By the 1890s, white granite had become a bargain ware available in limited forms while the new vogue ceramic ware, semi-porcelain, was available with numerous decorative treatments in stores and via catalogues (Kenyon 1995). Semi-porcelain arrived in Ontario stores in the 1890s and quickly replaced ironstone as a status ware; ironstone, although still available, was an “inexpensive bargain ware” (Kenyon 1995:13). The ware types of the ceramic artifacts recovered from the Mosely Farm site are consistent with an extended occupation spanning the nineteenth century and the first half of the twentieth century. The earliest ware types in the collection are creamware (n=2 or 0.8% of the collection) and pearlware (n=18 or 7.2%). The majority of the refined ceramic sherds are refined white earthenware, comprising nearly 40% (n=98). Later ironstone also comprises a significant portion of the assemblage (n=47 or 18.8%). Semi-porcelain, the most recent ware type within the Mosely Farm assemblage, comprises 8.4% (n=21) of the collection.



The assemblage contains some yellowware (1.2% or n=3). Yellowware manufacture began in the 1840s and continues today. In addition, the assemblage contains 12 sherds of bone china (4.8%) and three sherds of refined red earthenware (1.2% or n=3). The Mosely Farm collection also contains a small number (n=27 or 10.8%) of coarse red earthenware sherds (Plate 5) used almost exclusively in food preparation and storage. Unfortunately, coarse red earthenware is difficult to date due to the relative stability of its overall morphological characteristics (McConnell 2003) and the limited amount of published research on the topic. The collection also contains a small amount of buff earthenware (n=2 or 0.8%) and stoneware (n=2 or 0.8%). The decorative types present within the ceramics assemblage at the Mosely Farm site span the period between the 1800s and the 1900s (Table 2). Painted pearlware vessels in the monochrome blue and early palette colours were available between the 1800s and the 1830s, while scalloped blue edgeware remained popular after refined white earthenware was introduced in the 1830s. Mid-century (circa 1835-1870) decorative types include sponge decorated (Plate 6), handpainted in late palette colours, transferprint designs in a range of colours (black, blue, brown and red), and flowing mulberry transferprints. Willow pattern transferprint (1830s-1900s; Plate 7) is also present. Later decorative trends are represented by the presence of decalcomania sherds (Plate 8). It must be noted, however, that the decalcomania sherds were confined to a single test unit (530N-200E) and likely represent the remains of a single saucer manufactured in occupied Japan circa 1945-1952.

Table 2: Datable Decorative Styles Present at the Mosely Farm Site, after Kenyon (1995) Decorative Style Approx. Date Range No. of Sherds Scalloped edge, blue 1780s-1870s 1 Handpainted, monochrome blue 1800s-1830s 3 Handpainted, early palette 1800s-1830s 2 Transferprint, blue 1820s-1870s; 1880s 10 Handpainted, late palette 1830s-1870s 1 Transferprint, black 1830s-1840s 1 Transferprint, brown 1830s-1830s; 1880s 4 Transferprint, red 1830s-1850s 3 Transferprint, Blue Willow pattern 1830s-1900s 3 Sponge decorated 1840s-1870s 9 Transferprint, flow mulberry 1850s-1860s 1 Decalcomania 1890s+ 15 It is interesting to note that the collection contains a fragment of what is likely a child’s plate, decorated with a red transferprint (Cat.#296; Plate 9). Although the sherd contains only a portion of the scene, a search of collectors’ resources has resulted in the identification of the entire scene. Known to collectors as “christening plates” (as they were given to children on the occasion of their christening), the complete plate would have shown a child riding a donkey while another child looked on. The motto above the scene says, “Oh look brother look at my dear little Neddy,



How good humour’d he seems so quiet and steady.” According to the source of the image, the plate is English and dates to the 1840s (Leatherwood Antiques 2008). Container Glass The Mosely Farm collection contains 10 fragments of olive green glass likely belonging to liquor bottles, including a partial finish sherd. This sherd exhibits a two-part finish treatment, similar to a double oil or mineral finish (Cat.#160). The assemblage also contains 17 fragments of aqua glass Mason (or similar type) food storage jars. Food and Beverage Storage, Metal The assemblage contains a single white metal pull tab “key” likely associated with a modern soft drink or beer can (Cat.#423) as well as a metal bottle cap fragment with a partial plastic liner (Cat.#393). Food Preparation, Metal Excavators recovered a single paring knife (Cat.#389). The nearly-complete specimen exhibits a full tang, three metal pins, remnants of a wooden handle, and the stamp “Geneva Stainless USA.”

4.2 Architectural Class Within the Mosely Farm assemblage, artifacts from the architectural class (Appendix B) comprise 39.5% (n=438) of the total. Nails are the most common items within this class (n=322 or 75.5% of the class total). The majority of these nails are machine cut (n=193 or 59.9%), the primary manufacturing method from roughly 1830 to 1900; hand-wrought nails, manufactured prior to the 1830s, comprise only 2.8% (n=9) of the nail collection (Wells 1998). A large percentage of the nails are post-1900 wire nails (n=120 or 37.3%). Finally, four are of indeterminate manufacture. The other items within the architectural glass include window glass (n=102 or 23.3% of the class total) and 14 brick fragments.



4.3 Personal Class Clothing The clothing-related artifact assemblage contains six buttons or button fragments: one four-hole bone button with rounded lip, measuring 17.5 mm in diametre (Cat.#249; Plate 10); four iron, cloth-covered snap buttons bearing the mark “CARHARTS” (Cat.#147); and a fragment of a moulded brown plastic four-hole button (Cat.#361). In addition, two composite metal shoe eyelets (Cat.#370) were also recovered. Smoking Pipes and Paraphernalia The Mosely Farm site assemblage contains six fragments of white ball clay smoking pipes, including a single marked stem. The stem exhibits the impressed mark of “GLASGOW/ W. WHITE” (Plate 10). According to collector Heather Coleman (2008), the W. White and Sons Pipe Company produced pipes in Glasgow between 1805 and 1955. Adornment The collection contains a single opaque, blue glass bead (12.7 mm diametre; Cat.#319). Coins Excavators recovered a Canadian one-cent coin dated 1943. Personal Care The assemblage contains a colourless nail polish bottle marked “BC / Beauty / Counselor / Nail Polish” (Cat.#350).

4.4 Furnishings Lighting Device One fragment of colourless lamp chimney glass was recovered (Cat.#383).



Household Décor The Mosely Farm assemblage contains 15 fragments of terra cotta flower pots and two small fragments of porcellaneous figurines (Cat.#321, 414). Household Equipment The collection contains a single iron stove leg (Cat.#146).

4.5 Tools and Equipment Class Hardware Items described as miscellaneous hardware include three bolts, one ceramic fuse, one iron hinge, seven screws, one spike, 10 pieces of iron strapping, and 12 fragments of wire. Livery The Mosely Farm collection contains a single ferrous horse shoe nail (Cat.#422). Armament The assemblage contains two shell casings (Cat.#285, 394). Writing The items related to writing include a rim fragment of a stoneware ink bottle (Cat.#226; Plate 10), one fragment of a slate pencil (Cat.#320; Plate 10), and one capped modern metal pen in a leather case (Cat.#148). Games A single machine made glass “swirl” marble with an opaque white body and blue swirl pattern (Cat.#281; Plate 10) was recovered.



Agriculture The collection contains three fragments of earthenware drainage tile (Cat.#212), one ferrous fence staple (Cat.#367) and one fragment of unidentified ferrous farm equipment (Cat.#163). Other Tools A single complete graphite rod (Cat.#316) and 14 fragments of a colourless glass washboard (Cat.#313) were found by excavators.

4.6 Organic Class Faunal remains comprise 15.8% (n=175) of the total artifact assemblage recovered from the Bennett site. The majority of these remains are mammalian (94.3% or n=165), while the remaining items are avian (n=10). These remains have not been identified beyond the general class level.

5 DISCUSSION Archival research regarding the Mosely Farm site revealed that the Crown patent for Lot 15 was originally granted to John Beverley Robinson in 1807. Although the parcel was sold and subdivided numerous times, the process of bringing the land into agricultural production likely began with the tenancy of William Bourbee circa 1818. It should be noted, therefore, that a second historical site located in an arable field south of the Mosely Farm site on Lot 15 has been registered in the OASD as the Bourbee site (AiGw-493), and is interpreted as the site of the pioneer cabin based on its pre-1835 artifact assemblage (ASI 2007). William Bourbee eventually purchased the property in 1835 and, according to local heritage documentation, the red brick farmhouse on Lot 15 was constructed circa 1848. Bourbee sold the land to Robert William Biggar in 1855, who then sold a half-acre parcel (that likely contained the house) to Henry Mosely in 1857. Mosely’s family continued to farm a 100-acre parcel quit-claimed by Biggar until 1861. Mosely sold the property to Richard Halloran in 1861 who, in turn, rented the parcel to a number of different tenants in the subsequent years. In summary, the site contains deposits associated with the occupation of William Bourbee (circa 1848-1855), Robert Biggar (1855-1857), the Mosely family (1857-1867), and multiple tenant families who worked the farm between 1861 and the 1900s. The Stage 3 archaeological assessment included the excavation of 22 one-metre test units to further evaluate areas that had been productive during Stage 2 test pitting. Five test units were placed in the rear yard of the house, seven units were placed in the house’s front yard (formerly



an orchard), three units were placed in a paddock to the southwest of the barn, and the remaining seven units were placed at the rear of the barn. The units placed at the rear of the barn were the least productive, while those placed at the rear of the house were the most productive. The artifact assemblage recovered from the Mosely Farm site, consisting of 1,109 artifacts, is a mixture of items dating between the 1800s and the modern period. Ceramic ware types recovered include creamware, pearlware, refined white earthenware, ironstone, and semi-porcelain. Utilitarian ceramic wares include coarse red earthenware, stoneware, buff earthenware, and yellowware. Decorative types present in the collection range from painted sherds in monochrome blue and early palette colours to decalcomania sherds. The overall character of the assemblage is that of a nineteenth-century domestic site. The collection contains items corresponding to all the major domestic artifact classes. Artifacts from the Architectural and Kitchen/Food artifact classes are the most common (n=438 and n=281, respectively), although organic remains are also common (n=175). The remaining items reflect the range of daily activities associated with farm life, including smoking pipes, buttons, a horse shoe nail, and household decoration. In order to evaluate the cultural heritage value of the Mosely Farm site, it is necessary to determine if most of the archaeological site’s period of occupation pre-dates 1870 as per the Ministry of Culture’s Standards and Guidelines for Consultant Archaeologist (Final draft 2006). Because most of the major changes in ceramic ware types occurred prior to 1870 (with the exception of semi-porcelain), analysis based solely on ware type is of limited use. However, it should be noted that the assemblage contains a small amount of the pre-1835 ware types creamware (n=2) and pearlware (n=18). This material was probably curated by the Bourbee family and brought to the homelot at the time of the brick house’s construction circa 1848. Within the small sample of ceramics sherds with datable decorative styles (n=53), only 11 (20.8%) clearly pre-date the 1870s. These decorative styles include those whose availability to Ontario consumers ceased at some point in the 1860s (as per Kenyon 1995), including scalloped blue edgeware, painted sherds in monochrome blue or the early palette colours, polychrome printed wares and sponged wares. Decalcomania (post-dating 1890), comprising 28.3% (n=15) of this sample, was confined to a single test unit and likely represents a single saucer, thus artificially inflating the numbers. Two further characteristics of this sample must be noted. Firstly, sherds exhibiting decorative styles that “overlap” the arbitrary pre- and post-1870 boundary are numerous, comprising 50.9% (n=27) of the sample. Secondly, nearly half (46.8% or n=117) of the sherds in the total ceramic assemblage are undecorated, corresponding to either undecorated portions of otherwise decorated plates or vessels left undecorated as per market demands (such as undecorated RWE and ironstone in the 1860s and 1870s). Within the non-ceramic artifact assemblage, the only items that are clearly pre-1870 are hand-wrought nails (n=9). The nail collection primarily contains of machine-cut nails (n=193), but these are not particularly useful in clarifying the occupation date as pre- or post-1870 as machine-cut nails were manufactured between 1830 and 1900. Several different items post-date



1870, such as wire nails (n=120), two plastic cigar mouthpieces, one nail polish bottle, one metal pull-tab from a beverage can, four “Carhart” buttons, a modern ball-point pen, and a 1943 Canadian penny. When viewed as a whole, the artifact assemblage from the Mosely Farm site does not conclusively indicate a predominantly (80%) pre-1870s occupation. One final analysis is presented before one can dismiss the heritage potential of the Mosely Farm site (Tables 3, 4). Do the locations of the artifacts offer additional insight? Perhaps the yields of pre-1870s artifacts are higher within defined areas, reflecting a more precise location of a midden or subsoil feature.

Table 3: Arbitrarily Defined Occupation Areas and the Corresponding Stage 3 Units House-Rear Yard House-Front Yard Barn-Side Yard Barn-Rear Yard

520N-200E 480N-160E 480N-210E 470N-260E 520N-210E 485N-182E 485N-215E 480N-260E 530N-190E 490N-160E 490N-210E 482N-250E 530N-200E 490N-170E 490N-260E 530N-210E 500N-160E 490N-270E

500N-170E 499N-250E 500N-180E 500N-260E

*units contains no artifacts

Table 4: Number and Percentage of Pre-1870 Ceramics per Area Artifact Type House-Rear Yard House-Front Yard Barn-Side Yard Barn-Rear Yard Creamware (undecorated)

2

Pearlware (undecorated) 10 2 Scalloped edgeware 1 Handpainted, blue 3 Handpainted, early 2 Black transfer 1 Red transfer 3 Flow mulberry transfer 1 Sponged 6

TOTALS 4 22 5 0 A review of this basic data suggests that the former orchard, now the front yard, of the extant farmhouse holds the greatest potential for pre-1870s archaeological deposits. The side yard of the barn also contained a small percentage of pre-1870 ceramics (8.5% of the ceramic assemblage), but lacked the variety of artifact classess that would suggest the location of a midden or cultural feature. Although the most productive of the areas, the rear yard of the house contained very few artifacts that were clearly pre-1870, indicating that overlapping land use has compromised the integrity of the earliest deposits. The rear yard area of the barn contained few general artifacts (n=46) and no pre-1870 artifacts.



A similar analysis can be performed focusing on those artifacts that clearly post-date the 1870s, such as semi-porcelain and decalcomania ceramics (Table 5). The usefulness of including additional, modern artifacts in the analysis is limited; the modern artifacts (pen, pull-tab, cigar pieces, coin, nail polish bottle, Carhart buttons) simply reflect the continued occupation of the Mosely Farm homelot at 3369 Sixth Line.

Table 5: Number and Percentage of Post-1870 Ceramic Artifacts per Area Artifact Type House-Rear Yard House-Front Yard Barn-Side Yard Barn-Rear Yard Semi-porcelain 2 2 0 0 Decalcomania 15 0 0

TOTALS 17 2 0 0 It is also useful to evaluate the distribution of the artifact assemblage across artifact class groups in each particular area (Table 6). One would expect an assemblage resulting from a domestic occupation to contain items from most of the artifact classes, reflecting the full range of household activities (see MacDonald 1997). Both the house rear and front yard areas display this type of artifact variety, suggesting the presence of domestic waste deposits.

Table 6: Number and Percentage of Artifact Classes per Area Artifact Classes House-Rear Yard House-Front Yard Barn-Side Yard Barn-Rear Yard Architectural 275 (37.7%) 127 (46.4%) 10 (16.9%) 26 (56.5%) Personal 18 (2.5%) 8 (2.9%) Furnishings 11 (1.5%) 1 (0.4%) Organic 145 (19.9%) 22 (8.0%) 6 (10.2%) 2 (4.3%) Kitchen/Food 148 (20.3%) 90 (32.8%) 42 (71.2%) 1 (2.2%) Tools/Equipment 45 (6.2%) 10 (3.6%) 1 (1.7%) 7 (15.2%) Indeterminate 88 (12.1%) 16 (5.8%) 10 (21.7%) In summary, a synthesis of the above material culture analyses with the archival research and archaeological site data indicates that of the four disparate areas where artifacts were found, only the front yard of the red brick farmhouse at 3369 Sixth Line contains the full range of pre-1870 historical artifacts characteristic of a domestic midden. However, the artifact yields are relatively low, and the topsoil containing the deposit is not interpreted as a significant midden deposit. Furthermore, the widespread nature of the deposit throughout the former orchard in front of the house, rather in the rear yard where middens typically accumulate through daily waste management activities, suggests that extensive grading and soil rearrangement has taken place on the property. Indeed, during the Stage 2 assessment, numerous sparse scatters of nineteenth-century artifacts were found in the arable portions of the property (ASI 2007).



6 RECOMMENDATIONS The preceding report presents the results of a Stage 3 archaeological resource assessment of the Mosely Farm (AiGw-496) site. It represents the fulfillment of the terms and conditions imposed by licensing agreement P128 (Dr. Katherine Hull) with the Ministry of Culture, as well as the statements contained on CIF#P128-031-2008. The preceding evaluation of both archival and archaeological data indicates that only the front yard of the red brick farmhouse at 3369 Sixth Line contains the full range of pre-1870 historical artifacts characteristic of a domestic midden. However, the artifact yields are relatively low, and the topsoil containing the deposit is not interpreted as a significant midden deposit. As such, the Mosely Farm House site is not an important cultural resource. It is recommended, therefore 1. The Mosely Farm House site (AiGw-496) is free of further archaeological concern. 2. Should previously unknown or unassessed deeply buried archaeological resources be

uncovered during development, they may be a new archaeological site and therefore subject to Section 48 (1) of the Ontario Heritage Act. The proponent or person discovering the archaeological resources must cease alteration of the site immediately and engage a licensed archaeologist to carry out archaeological fieldwork, in compliance with Section 48 (1) of the Ontario Heritage Act.

3. In the even that human remains are encountered during construction, the proponent

should immediately contact both the Ministry of Culture and the Registrar or Deputy Registrar of the Cemeteries Regulation Unit of the Ministry of Consumer and Business Services, (416) 326-8392.

The above recommendations are subject to Ministry approval and it is an offence to alter an archaeological site without Ministry of Culture (MCL) concurrence.



7 REFERENCES CITED Archaeological Services Inc. (ASI) 2007 Stage 1 and 2 Archaeological Assessment of the Argo Property, Part of Lot 15, Concession 1,

N.D.S., Formerly in the Township of Trafalgar South, Now in the Town of Oakville, Reginonal Municipality of Halton. Report on file with the Ministry of Culture.

Canadian Parks Service 1992 Classification System for Historical Collections. National Historic Sites, Canadian Parks Service,

Environment Canada, Ottawa. Coleman, Heather 2008 Giant Clay Tobacco Pipes. <http://www.dawnmist.demon.co.uk/cadger.htm>. Kenyon, Ian 1995 A History of Ceramic Tableware in Ontario: 1780-1910. Paper presented at Table Talks Lecture

Series, Montgomery’s Inn, Toronto. Leatherwood Antiques 2008 19th Century Children’s Pottery: Christening Plates.

<http://www.leatherwoodantiques.com/plates.htm> MacDonald, Eva 1997 The Root of the Scatter: Nineteenth Century Artifact and Settlement Patterns in Rural Ontario.

Ontario Archaeology 64:56-80. Majewski, T. and M. J. O’Brien 1987 The Use and Misuse of Nineteenth-Century English and American Ceramics. In Archaeological

Analysis. Advances in Archaeological Method and Theory, Volume II, edited by M. B. Schiffer, pp. 97-209. Academic Press, New York.

McConnell, Kevin 2003 Redware: America’s Folk Art Pottery. Schiffer, Atglen, PA. Ministry of Culture, Ontario (MCL) 2006 Standards and Guidelines for Consulting Archaeologists, Final Draft. August 2006.

http://www.culture.gov.on.ca/english/culdiv/heritage/arch custsvc draft finalhtm. Mullins, Paul 1998 Ceramic Typology. Unpublished manuscript on file with author. Town of Oakville 2008 Town of Oakville Heritage Register: Part C. Planning Services Department, Town of Oakville. Wells, Tom 1998 Nail Chronology: The Use of Technologically Derived Features. Historical Archaeology 32(2):

79-99.



8 PHOTOGRAPHIC PLATES

Plate 1: Excavating test units in the front yard area of the extant farmhouse.

Plate 2: Excavating test units in the area to the rear of the barn.



Plate 3: Excavating test units in the yard area to the west of the barn.

Plate 4: Profile of Test Unit 500N-180E.



Plate 5: Redware rim fragment (Cat.#121).

Plate 6: A sample of sponge-decorated sherds (from left: Cat.#239, 131, 265, 241).



Plate 7: Willow pattern blue transferprint sherds (from left: Cat.#127, 260).

Plate 8: Semi-porcelain sherds decorated with a decalcomania floral motif (Cat.#404).



Plate 9: Child’s transferware plate fragment (left, Cat.#296) and a complete example of the transferprint scene (right; Leatherwood Antiques 2008).

Plate 10: Assorted small finds. From left: stoneware ink bottle rim (Cat.#226); slate pencil (Cat.#320); bone button (Cat.#249); “Glasgow” impressed pipe stem (Cat.#318); glass marble (Cat.#281).

APPENDIX A

Mosely Farm (AiGw-496) Artifact Inventory—Ceramic Artifacts

Ceramic Artifact Inventory

Cat# Qty Ware Motif Form Comments

The Mosely Farm Site (AiGw-496)

Unit: 530-210Feature:Layer: topsoilQuadrant:Operation:

red earthenware, coarse glazed crock Black, mostly exfoliated.398 3buff earthenware glazed crock Beige, mostly exfoliated.399 2ironstone unidentified holloware May be slipped or handpainted, beige

bands on exterior.400 4

ironstone unidentified holloware May be slipped or handpainted, green band on exterior.

401 1

ironstone undecorated flatware Rim fragment.402 1ironstone undecorated flatware Body sherds.403 3semi-porcelain decalcomania saucer Partially mended saucer portion, some

too fragile to mend, rose floral pattern, with scalloped and gold gilt lip, partial maker's mark on bottom: " Diamond Ring / Made in Occupied Jap_" (Japan).

404 15

Operation Sub-total - 2929Quadrant Sub-total -

29Layer Sub-total -

29Feature Sub-total -29Unit Subtotal -


red earthenware, coarse glazed crock Dark brown, handle fragment, mostly exfoliated.

378 1

ironstone hand-painted, late palette flatware Handpainted black and blue dendritic pattern over moulding, some exfoliation.

379 1

ironstone moulded flatware Rim fragments.380 2RWE undecorated flatware Base / footring fragments.381 4


8Layer Sub-total -



red earthenware, coarse glazed crock Dark brown, partially exfoliated.342 3red earthenware, coarse glazed crock Brown interior.343 2

Ceramic Appendix.1 of 8




red earthenware, coarse glazed crock Reddish-brown interior, exterior exfoliated.

344 2

red earthenware, refined glazed lid Incomplete lid fragment, dark brown.345 2RWE unidentified flatware Unidentified blue decoration, burnt,

partly exfoliated.346 1

ironstone undecorated flatware Rim fragment.347 1RWE undecorated flatware Body sherds.348 7


18Layer Sub-total -



bone china hand-painted, general teacup Mended teacup rim, handpainted red band below flared lip.

294 8

bone china undecorated teacup Body sherds.295 4RWE transfer print plate, child's Child's christening plage. Mended

plate base / footring, red transfer on interior, scenic motif (partial lion and shrubbery) with text: "_ Neddy / _nd steady_", likely child's plate.

296 3

RWE floware flatware Black floware on interior, partly exfoliated.

297 1

RWE transfer print flatware Unidentified blue transfer pattern on interior.

298 1

RWE hand-painted, general saucer Handpainted red band on brink, saucer body.

299 1

ironstone undecorated flatware Rim fragments.300 3ironstone moulded holloware Unidentified moulded pattern on

exterior.301 1

ironstone undecorated flatware Body sherds.302 14unidentifiable unidentified unidentifiable Exfoliated sherds.303 2


38Layer Sub-total -



red earthenware, coarse undecorated crock Plain inteiror, partly exfoliated, burnt.255 1red earthenware, refined rockingham holloware Possible rockingham, small fragment.256 1





stoneware salt-glazed holloware Dark brown interior, grey exterior, body.

257 1

RWE slipped holloware Black bands over yellow on exterior, rim fragment.

258 1

RWE slipped holloware Factory slipped, unidentified pattern with black, grey and yellow, almost completely exfoliated.

259 1

RWE transfer print, blue willow platter Blue willow platter rim fragment.260 1RWE transfer print, blue willow platter Blue willow platter body sherd.261 1RWE transfer print flatware Blue transfer, floral motif with dots.262 1RWE transfer print holloware Brown, scenic landscape on exterior,

floral / geometric on interior.263 1

RWE transfer print unidentifiable Brown geometric on one side, other is exfoliated, small fragment.

264 1

RWE spongeware teas Fine blue sponged exterior, likely teacup, bell shaped or carinated, partly exfoliated.

265 1

semi-porcelain transfer print teas Blue transfer on exterior, very small fragment.

266 1

semi-porcelain undecorated teas Porcellaneous handle fragment.267 1RWE moulded teas Rim, likely teacup, moullded curved

ridges on exterior.268 1

RWE undecorated holloware Possible handle or rounded footring fragment.

269 1

RWE undecorated flatware Body sherds.270 6RWE undecorated holloware Base fragment, footring exfoliated.271 1ironstone moulded teas Rim fragment, moulded exterior, likely

teacup.272 1

ironstone undecorated flatware Rim fragments, partly exfoliated.273 2ironstone undecorated flatware Body sherds.274 6semi-porcelain undecorated teas Shoulder / body sherd.275 1


32Layer Sub-total -



red earthenware, coarse glazed crock Dark brown interior, exterior plain.234 1red earthenware, coarse glazed crock Brown interior, exterior plain, some

exfoliation.235 1

RWE edgeware, scalloped plate, general Blue scalloped edge, interior exfoliated.

236 1

RWE transfer print flatware Blue transfer on interior, very small fragment.

237 1





RWE transfer print flatware Blue transfer on interior, partly exfoliated.

238 2

RWE spongeware saucer Bright green sponged saucer rim, mended, partly exfoliated.

239 3

RWE spongeware saucer Bright green sponged saucer body, mostly exfoliated.

240 1

RWE spongeware teas Fine blue sponged exterior.241 1RWE undecorated holloware Body sherd, partly exfoliated.242 1RWE undecorated flatware Body sherds.243 3RWE undecorated flatware Footring fragments, interior exfoliated.244 2unidentifiable unidentified unidentifiable Exfoliated sherds.245 2semi-porcelain moulded holloware Shell like moulded motif on exterior.246 1


20Layer Sub-total -



yelloware slipped holloware Brown bands on exterior, almost entirely exfoliated.

216 1

RWE slipped holloware Brown bands over beige on exterior, beige on interior, partly exfoliated.

217 1

ironstone transfer print holloware Faint blue transfer on exterior, small fragment.

218 1

ironstone transfer print holloware Floral transfer on exterior, greyish-black, mostly exfoliated.

219 1

semi-porcelain gilt flatware Gold gilt on rim, slightly flared, small fragment.

220 1

semi-porcelain moulded holloware Moulded exterior, small fragment.221 1ironstone undecorated holloware Body sherds.222 3unidentifiable undecorated flatware Slightly burnt.223 2


11Layer Sub-total -



red earthenware, coarse glazed crock Mustard glaze on one side, almost completely exfoliated.

206 1





red earthenware, coarse glazed crock Beige exterior, interior exfoliated, small fragment.

207 1

pearlware hand-painted, early palette teas Handpainted floral on exterior, partly exfoliated.

208 2

unidentifiable unidentified saucer Footring fragment, burnt, interior exfoliated.

209 1


5Layer Sub-total -



red earthenware, coarse glazed crock Brown interior, exterior exfoliated.189 1RWE slipped holloware Factory slipped, dark brown and beige

bands.190 1

pearlware hand-painted, general teas Mended rim, blue band on lip and interior, likely teacup.

191 2

pearlware hand-painted, general teas Handpainted blue band on exterior.192 1unidentifiable hand-painted, monochrome holloware Handpainted mono blue, likely

pearlware, burnt.193 2

pearlware hand-painted, monochrome saucer Handpainted mono blue on interior base.

194 1

RWE spongeware teas Fine blue sponged exterior.195 1pearlware undecorated flatware Body sherds.196 2RWE undecorated flatware Body sherds.197 4RWE undecorated holloware Body sherds.198 3ironstone moulded flatware Rim fragment, unidentified moulded

interior.199 1

unidentifiable unidentified holloware Rim fragments, possible flactory slipped, burnt.

200 3


22Layer Sub-total -



red earthenware, coarse glazed crock Dark brown interior, exterior exfoliated.

168 1

stoneware salt-glazed holloware Greenish interior and exterior.169 1RWE transfer print flatware Brown transfer on interior.170 1





RWE spongeware teas Fine blue sponged exterior, partly exfoliated.

171 1

RWE undecorated saucer Mended plain saucer rim portion.172 2RWE undecorated holloware Body sherds.173 3pearlware undecorated flatware Pearlware base fragment.174 1creamware undecorated unidentifiable Possible creamware, partly exfoliated

fragments.175 2


12Layer Sub-total -



RWE unidentified flatware Base fragment, interior exfoliated, exterior has partial blue transfer maker's mark, scroll with undeciphered text, and floral pattern.

164 1


1Layer Sub-total -



red earthenware, coarse glazed crock Black / dark brown lip fragment.153 1red earthenware, coarse glazed crock Dark brown partially glazed exterior,

medium brown interior.154 1

red earthenware, coarse undecorated crock Plain interior and exterior.155 1yelloware unidentified unidentifiable Exfoliated sherd.156 1unidentifiable moulded unidentifiable Small fragment, blue glazed interior

and exterior, moulded on one side.157 1

RWE undecorated unidentifiable Body sherds.158 3Operation Sub-total - 8

8Quadrant Sub-total -

8Layer Sub-total -


Unit: 485-182Feature:Layer: topsoilQuadrant:





Operation:red earthenware, coarse glazed milkpan Milkpan rim fragment, red glazed lip,

green interior.121 1

red earthenware, coarse glazed crock Rim fragment, red glazed.122 1red earthenware, coarse glazed crock Green interior, mostly exfoliated.123 2red earthenware, coarse glazed crock Black / very dark brown interior, plain

exterior, body / base fragment.124 1

yelloware undecorated holloware Body sherd.125 1RWE slipped holloware Factory slipped, unidentified motif,

black, blue and yellowish beige on exterior.

126 3

RWE transfer print, blue willow platter Blue willow platter rim fragment, scalloped, heavily exfoliated.

127 1

RWE transfer print flatware Blue geometric motif on interior.128 2unidentifiable transfer print teas Rim fragment, likely teacup, floral on

interior and exterior, slightly burnt.129 1

RWE transfer print holloware Brown geometric on interior and exterior, thick body sherd.

130 1

RWE spongeware saucer Bright green coarse sponged interior, saucer body.

131 1

RWE moulded holloware Handle fragment, moulded with unidentified partial blue decoration.

132 1

RWE undecorated flatware Mended base fragment, large plate or platter, slightly burnt.

133 2

RWE undecorated flatware Body fragments.134 9RWE undecorated flatware Footring fragments.135 2pearlware undecorated flatware Body fragments.136 7pearlware undecorated flatware Footring fragment.137 1


37Layer Sub-total -



unidentifiable undecorated unidentifiable Almost entirely exfoliated, worn, fragment.

107 1


1Layer Sub-total -


Unit: 480-210Feature:Layer: topsoil





Quadrant:Operation:

red earthenware, coarse undecorated crock Plain exterior, interior exfoliated.102 1ironstone unidentified flatware Very faint black decoration on lip,

unidentified, fragment.103 1

RWE hand-painted, general teas Handpainted blue band above carinated shoulder.

104 1

RWE undecorated unidentifiable Body fragments.105 4Operation Sub-total - 7


7Layer Sub-total -



pearlware undecorated flatware Pearlware body fragment, partly exfoliated.

101 1


1Layer Sub-total -


250Grandtotal -


APPENDIX B

Mosely Farm (AiGw-496) Artifact Inventory—Non-Ceramics

Non-ceramic Artifact Inventory

Cat# Qty Type Material Comments


Layer: topsoilUnit: 530-210Feature:Quadrant:405 2 window glass glass Window glass fragments.406 1 container, liquour glass Dark olive green.407 1 container, unidentifiable glass Amber.408 2 container, unidentifiable glass Colourless.409 3 container, unidentifiable glass Colourless, thin.410 2 container, unidentifiable glass Pinkish, may be lamp chimney.411 1 container, unidentifiable glass Aqua.412 1 unidentified glass Solid glass tube, with bulbous end, colourless.413 10 flower pot terracotta Flowerpot fragments.414 1 figurine porcellaneous ware Possible figurine, small fragment.415 1 unidentified plastic Dark brown, plastic hook, perforated, with partial metal

pin / screw in situ.416 1 unidentified plastic Green plastic fragment.417 18 nail, machine cut metal, ferrous Cut nails.418 13 nail, wire metal, ferrous Wire nails.419 3 screw metal, ferrous Screws.420 1 wire metal, ferrous Wire fragment.421 1 spike metal, ferrous Large metal spike.422 1 horse shoe nail metal, ferrous Horse shoe nail.423 1 container, other metal, white Metal pull tab for beverage can.424 1 unidentified metal, composite Possible handle, or cap, engraved "CG" repeats around

metal band.425 1 faunal, mammal bone Large mammal long bone fragment.

66Quadrant Sub-total -66Feature Sub-total -

66Unit Sub-total -Unit: 530-200Feature:Quadrant:382 1 window glass glass Black material adhered to one surface.383 1 lamp chimney glass Beaded edge, slightly burnt.384 3 container, unidentifiable glass Green, pontil / base fragments.385 2 container, unidentifiable glass Colourless.386 1 container, unidentifiable glass Aqua.387 1 fuse ceramic Ceramic fuse fragment, threaded interior.388 1 unidentified indeterminate Unidentified burnt material.389 1 knife, other metal, white Paring knife, full tang, wooden handle remnants, 3 metal

pins, "Geneva Stainless USA"390 8 nail, machine cut metal, ferrous Cut nails.391 4 unidentified metal, ferrous Scrap metal.392 1 wire metal, white Wire fragment.393 1 bottle cap metal, ferrous Bottle cap fragment, with plastic lining.394 1 shell casing metal, composite Shell casing.395 2 faunal, mammal bone Femur, mended, identifiable.396 1 faunal, mammal bone Tooth fragment, incisor, possible pig.

Non-ceramic Appendix.1 of 7




397 3 faunal, mammal bone Mammal fragments.32Quadrant Sub-total -

32Feature Sub-total -32Unit Sub-total -

Unit: 530-190Feature:Quadrant:349 2 window glass glass Window glass fragments.350 1 container, nail polish glass Colourless nail polish bottle, "BC / Beauty / Counselor /

Nail Polish" with mark on bottom "W (in circle) 13"351 1 container, other glass Colourless, square base with seam, marked "I I 5 /

_anada", possibly toilet / hygiene.352 4 container, other glass Colourless, panelled, likely go with 351.353 2 container, unidentifiable glass Aqua.354 3 container, unidentifiable glass Amber.355 1 container, unidentifiable glass Colourless, thin.356 1 container, unidentifiable glass White glass, rim fragment.357 1 unidentified glass Colourless, burnt.358 4 brick clay Red brick fragments.359 5 flower pot terracotta Flowerpot fragments, rim and body.360 2 cigar mouthpiece plastic White plastic cigar mouthpiece / bit.361 1 button plastic Brown moulded button fragment, possible 4 hole, back is

missing.362 1 unidentified indeterminate Unidentified material, small rod, pointed at one end.363 2 unidentified indeterminate Unidentified burnt material.364 13 nail, machine cut metal, ferrous Cut nails.365 55 nail, wire metal, ferrous Wire Nails.366 5 strapping metal, ferrous Strapping fragments.367 1 staple metal, ferrous Fencing staple.368 1 screw metal, ferrous Screw.369 1 hinge metal, composite Hinge fragment, 3 perforations, screw in situ.370 2 shoe eyelet metal, composite Metal shoe eyelet fragments.371 2 unidentified metal, composite Small buckles, perhaps for straps / suspenders.372 5 container, unidentifiable metal, ferrous Metal container fragments.373 1 unidentified metal, ferrous Metal rod, moulded, may be identifiable.374 6 faunal, avian bone Bird fragments.375 3 faunal, mammal bone Pig tooth fragments.376 10 faunal, mammal bone Mammal fragments.377 54 faunal, mammal bone Calcined.


190Unit Sub-total -Unit: 520-210Feature:Quadrant:304 46 window glass glass Window glass fragments.305 1 container, liquour glass Olive green.306 1 container, other glass Bright green, stippled heel, beverage.307 6 container, food glass Aqua, raised lettering and decoration, mason jar fragments.





308 11 container, food glass Aqua, possibly part of mason jar.309 14 container, unidentifiable glass Colourless.310 1 container, unidentifiable glass Colourless, slightly opaque.311 1 unidentified glass Light green, thick flat glass.312 3 container, unidentifiable glass Solarized.313 14 washboard glass Colourless, glass is thick, fine ribs on one side, large

decorated ribs on other, likely washboard fragments.314 2 unidentified glass Slightly burnt.315 3 brick clay Red brick fragments.316 1 graphite rod graphite Large graphite rod.317 1 smoking pipe white ball clay Plain pipe bowl fragment.318 1 smoking pipe white ball clay Partial maker's mark: "Glasgo_ / W. Whi_" (Glasgow / W.

White)319 1 bead glass Blue opaque glass bead.320 1 slate pencil slate Slate pencil fragment.321 1 figurine porcellaneous ware Possible figurine fragment.322 1 unidentified plastic Brown plastic fragment.323 4 unidentified plastic White plastic fragments.324 2 unidentified plastic Red plastic, moulded, with projections, round on one side,

flat on other.325 51 nail, machine cut metal, ferrous Cut nails.326 32 nail, wire metal, ferrous Wire nails.327 1 screw metal, ferrous Screw.328 1 bolt metal, ferrous Large bolt fragment.329 1 strapping metal, ferrous Thin strapping.330 1 strapping metal, ferrous Wide strapping with 2 perforations.331 6 wire metal, ferrous Wire fragments.332 2 container, unidentifiable metal, composite Container base, lined with fibrous material.333 3 unidentified metal, composite Thin ribbed metal.334 15 faunal, mammal bone Small mammal fragments, may be identifiable.335 30 faunal, mammal bone Medium / large mammal fragments.336 2 faunal, mammal bone Large mammal long bone fragments, butchered.337 2 faunal, mammal bone Large mammal rib fragments.338 1 faunal, mammal bone Almost complete vertebra, identifiable.339 1 faunal, mammal bone Distal humerus, identifiable.340 1 faunal, mammal bone Complete, identifiable.341 1 faunal, mammal bone Complete, identifiable.


267Unit Sub-total -Unit: 520-200Feature:Quadrant:276 6 window glass glass Window glass fragments.277 2 container, unidentifiable glass Aqua.278 2 container, unidentifiable glass Colourless.279 2 unidentified glass Aqua, slightly burnt.280 1 smoking pipe white ball clay Plain pipe bowl fragment.





281 1 marble glass Machine made glass swirl marble, with opaque white body and blue swirl pattern.

282 1 coin metal, composite Penny, "1 cent 1943 Canada"283 15 nail, machine cut metal, ferrous Cut nails.284 6 nail, wire metal, ferrous Wire nails.285 1 shell casing metal, composite Shell casing.286 1 unidentified metal, ferrous Scrap metal.287 1 faunal, avian bone Bird fragment.288 1 faunal, mammal bone Small mammal long bone fragment, identifiable.289 5 faunal, mammal bone Mammal fragments.290 1 faunal, avian bone Large mammal, butchered, may be identifiable.291 1 faunal, mammal bone Medium / large mammal, immature, may be identifiable.292 1 faunal, mammal bone Mammal, identifiable.293 2 faunal, mammal bone Calcined.


50Unit Sub-total -Unit: 500-180Feature:Quadrant:247 2 window glass glass Window glass fragments.248 3 container, unidentifiable glass Aqua, body sherds.249 1 button bone Bone button, round lip, 4 holes, underclothes, one edge is

worn flat.250 6 nail, hand-wrought metal, ferrous Wrought nails.251 5 nail, machine cut metal, ferrous Cut nails.252 1 screw metal, ferrous Screw.253 1 faunal, avian bone Bird long bone fragment.254 1 faunal, mammal bone Mammal fragment.


20Unit Sub-total -Unit: 500-170Feature:Quadrant:224 3 window glass glass Window glass fragments.225 4 container, unidentifiable glass Aqua, patination.226 1 container, ink stoneware Beige stoneware inkpot rim fragment.227 1 unidentified indeterminate Burnt material.228 2 nail, hand-wrought metal, ferrous Wrought nails.229 19 nail, machine cut metal, ferrous Cut nail fragments.230 1 unidentified metal, composite Circular metal piece, bent, with ring / hook through the

centre, perhaps a type of cap.231 1 faunal, mammal bone Small mammal, immature, identifiable.232 2 faunal, mammal bone Mammal fragments.233 1 faunal, mammal bone Calcined.


35Unit Sub-total -





Unit: 500-160Feature:Quadrant:210 7 window glass glass Window glass fragments.211 1 unidentified glass Colourless, burnt.212 3 drainage tile clay Drainage tile fragments.213 3 nail, machine cut metal, ferrous Cut nail fragments.214 1 faunal, mammal bone Pig tooth fragment.215 1 faunal, mammal bone Unidentified mammal, fragment.


16Unit Sub-total -Unit: 490-210Feature:Quadrant:201 1 window glass glass Window glass fragment.202 2 container, liquour glass Olive green body sherds.203 1 brick clay Brick fragment.204 4 nail, machine cut metal, ferrous Cut nail fragments.205 1 nail, wire metal, ferrous Wire nail fragment.


9Unit Sub-total -Unit: 490-170Feature:Quadrant:176 2 window glass glass Window glass fragments.177 1 container, liquour glass Dark olive green body.178 1 unidentified glass Colourless, slightly burnt.179 6 brick clay Red brick fragments.180 1 unidentified indeterminate Worn, powdery, could be mortar fragment.181 1 smoking pipe white ball clay Plain stem fragment.182 1 nail, hand-wrought metal, ferrous Wrought nail fragment, very good condition.183 22 nail, machine cut metal, ferrous Cut nail fragments.184 1 wire metal, ferrous Wire fragment, bent at one end, possible hook.185 1 unidentified metal, ferrous Metal fragment, unidentified.186 1 faunal, avian bone Possible avian, long bone fragment.187 1 faunal, mammal bone Large mammal, epiphysis, immature.188 1 faunal, mammal bone Calcined.


40Unit Sub-total -Unit: 490-160Feature:Quadrant:165 1 container, liquour glass Dark olive green, small neck fragment.166 10 nail, machine cut metal, ferrous Cut nail fragments.167 1 faunal, mammal bone Large mammal molar fragment, cow or horse.







Unit: 485-215Feature:Quadrant:159 2 window glass glass Window glass fragments.160 1 container, liquour glass Dark olive green, two part finish similar to a double oil or

mineral, fragment.161 2 container, liquour glass Dark olive green, pontil fragments.162 1 nail, wire metal, ferrous Wire nail.163 1 unidentified metal, ferrous Metal piece with large triangular 'teeth', likely a plough or

other farming equipment fragment.7Quadrant Sub-total -


Unit: 485-182Feature:Quadrant:138 18 window glass glass Window glass fragments.139 1 container, liquour glass Dark olive green, body sherd.140 1 container, unidentifiable glass Colourless, pressed glass, base / footring fragment.141 2 smoking pipe white ball clay Bowl fragments, plain.142 18 nail, machine cut metal, ferrous Cut nails.143 3 nail, wire metal, ferrous Wire nails.144 1 screw metal, ferrous Screw.145 1 strapping metal, ferrous Strapping fragment.146 1 stove part metal, ferrous Iron stove leg.147 4 button metal, ferrous Snap buttons, cloth covered metal, "Carhartt's".148 2 modern pen metal, composite Modern capped pen in leather cover.149 2 metal scrap metal, ferrous Scrap metal.150 1 faunal, mammal bone Mammal fragment, rodent gnawed.151 4 faunal, mammal bone Large mammal fragments, butchered.152 5 faunal, mammal bone Mammal fragments.


64Unit Sub-total -Unit: 482-250Feature:Quadrant:111 10 window glass glass Window glass fragments.112 2 unidentified plastic Clear plastic tube fragments.113 4 unidentified plastic Green opaque plastic tube fragments.114 2 unidentified other Perforated fibre, looks like pegboard.115 7 nail, machine cut metal, ferrous Cut nail fragments.116 8 nail, wire metal, ferrous Wire nails.117 3 wire metal, ferrous Wire fragments.118 2 strapping metal, ferrous Strapping fragment, perforated at both ends, one wire nail

in situ.119 2 bolt metal, ferrous Bolt with square nut attached.





120 1 faunal, mammal bone Unidentifiable mammal fragment.41Quadrant Sub-total -


Unit: 480-260Feature:Quadrant:108 2 unidentified plastic White plastic, one piece has unidentified material adhered

to one surface.109 1 nail, wire metal, ferrous Wire nail fragment.110 1 faunal, mammal bone Long bone fragment, small mammal, identifiable.


4Unit Sub-total -Unit: 480-210Feature:Quadrant:106 6 faunal, mammal bone Large mammal tooth fragments, mend together, possible

cow.6Quadrant Sub-total -

6Feature Sub-total -6Unit Sub-total -859Layer Sub-total -

859Grand Total -


Documents

Stage 3 Archaeological Assessment of the Mosely Farm Site ... planning/da-131503... · The Mosely Farm site was identified during the course of a Stage 2 test pit survey of the 29