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Networked Networked OntologiesOntologies
Steffen StaabInformation Systems & Semantic Web
Universität Koblenz-Landau Koblenz, Germany
With acknowledgements to S. Schenk, M. Aquin, E. Motta and the NeOn project team
http://www.neon-project.org/
<is web>
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Steffen StaabISWebSlide 2
The Semantic Web ExplosionThe Semantic Web Explosion
IST-2005-027595NeOn-project.org
Steffen StaabISWeb
Agenda
Ontologies Data
Applications
Networks
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Steffen StaabISWeb
What is the status of the „semanticWeb“?
IST-2005-027595NeOn-project.org
Steffen StaabISWeb
Best Buy
Sep 09
IST-2005-027595NeOn-project.org
Agenda
Ontologies Data
Applications
Networks
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Slide 7
One Type of One Type of OntologyOntology NetworkNetwork
O1 O1‘priorVersionOf
O2
M1,2
relatedWith
sourcetarget
O3 O4
depe
ndsO
nO1‘‘
incompatibleWith
M1‘,2
source
extends
priorVersionOf
Requirement: Version, provenance and consistency management
IST-2005-027595NeOn-project.org
Another Type of Ontology Network
Requirement: Joint Development
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Yet Another Type of Ontology Network
Requirement: Ontology Design Pattern Management
IST-2005-027595NeOn-project.org
Steffen StaabISWeb
Agenda
Ontologies Data
Applications
Networks
IST-2005-027595NeOn-project.org
Steffen StaabISWebSlide 11
Networked Networked OntologiesOntologies in FAOin FAO
FAO has numerous information systems about the world’s Fisheries:
– Heterogeneous data: • statistics, documents, GIS,
thesaurus...– Multilingual:
• Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Spanish and Russian
– Much of the data are ‘structured’, but not necessarily interoperable.
FAO’s previous work (2003) to build a Fisheries ontology had drawbacks:
– too big– un-manageable for
maintenance– inefficient to be used by
systems
NeOn vision: – resources remain independent
and they are networked by mapping them:
• smaller ontologies• mapping them• effective maintenance of
ontologies and mappings
Better exploited using ontologies, by bringing together related information
IST-2005-027595NeOn-project.org
Steffen StaabISWebSlide 12
Networked Networked OntologiesOntologies: An Example: An Example
gear types
territorial water
fish is fishedwith a gear
gear ison vessel
commodities from fish
fish lives in a sea synonyms, translations
Fisheries ontology Fisheries networked ontologies
territorieswater areas
commodities
vessel types
speciesAgroVoc
IST-2005-027595NeOn-project.org
Steffen StaabISWebSlide 13
Fisheries Fisheries OntologiesOntologies for the Fish Stock for the Fish Stock Depletion Assessment System (FSDAS)Depletion Assessment System (FSDAS)
FSDAS requirements:
– Using NeOn Toolkit runtime functionality
Fishery ontologies lifecycle requirements:
– Using NeOn Toolkit design time functionality
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Applications need to Talk to Each Other
http://www.weknowit.eu/
Networked Applications: Talk to Each Other
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Steffen StaabISWeb
Agenda
Ontologies Data
Applications
NetworksDevelop
Operate
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Steffen StaabISWeb
NeOnNeOn ToolkitToolkit
Slide 16
29 Plugins availablefor the current
download
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Steffen StaabISWebSlide 17 Slide 17
The The NeOnNeOn Toolkit ontology development Toolkit ontology development environmentenvironment
Core ontology editor with – Support ontology engineering and management – Support for complete ontology lifecycle– Support for different languages (OWL, F-Logic)– Support for networked ontologies (modules, mappings)
Built on the Eclipse platform
Extensible architecture– Via Eclipse plugin
mechanism
Community support– http://neon-toolkit.org
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Steffen StaabISWebSlide 18
RequirementRequirement: Version, : Version, provenanceprovenance and and consistencyconsistency managementmanagement
O1 O1‘priorVersionOf
O2
M1,2
relatedWith
sourcetarget
O3 O4
depe
ndsO
nO1‘‘
incompatibleWith
M1‘,2
source
extends
priorVersionOf
Requirement: Version, provenance and consistency management
IST-2005-027595NeOn-project.org
Steffen StaabISWeb
ExampleExample fromfrom FAO Case Study: FAO Case Study: Water Water AreaArea –– RADON to RADON to thethe rescuerescue
ID_30_558ID_20_331
SubArea SubDivisionDivisiondisjoint disjoint
hasPart hasPart
ID_40_724hasPart hasPart
Transitive(hasPart)
hasPart(inferred)
From Peter Haase
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Steffen StaabISWeb
Provenance Tracing
OWLAxiomAnnotation(transitive(hasPart)MetaKnowledgeAnnotation(annot1
AgentAnnotation(OntoEngSmith)))
OWLAxiomAnnotation(PropertyAssertion(ID˙20˙331 hasPart ID˙30˙558)MetaKnowledgeAnnotation(annot2
AgentAnnotation(KnowEngJones)))
OWLAxiomAnnotation(PropertyAssertion(ID˙30˙558 hasPart ID˙40˙724)MetaKnowledgeAnnotation(annot2
AgentAnnotation(KnowEngJones)))
…
{OntoEngSmith,KnowEngJones}
Also applicable to time, location, fuzzy,….
http://isweb.uni-koblenz.de/Research/systeme/MetaKnowledge
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Steffen StaabISWeb
Requirement: Joint Development
Requirement: Joint Development
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Steffen StaabISWeb
Joint Development of AGROVOC@FAO
Problems:
Communication between world-wide users and development team
Communication within the development team
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Steffen StaabISWeb
Discussion Support for Collaborative OntologyEngineering
Allow an efficient, collaborative decision process– Structuring and understanding the problem– Systematic exploration of possible solutions
Documentation of the ontology design rationale– Attach discussions to changes in the ontology– Resuming of discussions, e.g. if requirements have changed
IST-2005-027595NeOn-project.org
Steffen StaabISWeb
Cicero
Enhanced discussion support for Semantic MediaWiki– Guiding the user through the discussion workflow– Different argument types, voting and decision procedures
Issue / suggestion
Summarized Solution Proposals
Overview
Start Discussion
http://isweb.uni-koblenz.de/Research/systeme/Cicero
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Steffen StaabISWeb
Plugin for NeOn Toolkit
Integration of Cicero into an ontology editor (NeOn toolkit)– Creating and searching discussions from within the toolkit– Annotating discussions to ontology elements
Context menufor creating /
showing issues
Issue creation form
http://isweb.uni-koblenz.de/Research/systeme/Cicero
IST-2005-027595NeOn-project.org
Steffen StaabISWeb
Requirement: Ontology Design Pattern Management
Requirement: Ontology Design Pattern Management
From Ansgar Scherp
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Steffen StaabISWeb
Design PatternsDesign Patterns
OWL is not enough for building a good ontology, and we cannot ask all web users either to learn logic, or to study ontology design
Reusable solutions are described as Ontology Design Patterns, which help reducing arbitrariness without asking for sophisticated skills ...
... provided that tools are built for any user
Slide 27
From Aldo Gangemi
An ontology design pattern is a successful reusable solution to arecurrent modeling problem
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Steffen StaabISWeb
PatternPattern--Based DesignBased Design
Pattern-based ontology design is the activity of searching, selecting, and composing different patterns
Based on a catalogue of design patterns: – http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org
Slide 28
From Aldo Gangemi
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Steffen StaabISWeb
Support for Extreme Ontology DesignSupport for Extreme Ontology Design
Slide 29
From Valentina Presutti
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Steffen StaabISWeb
Agenda
Ontologies Data
Applications
NetworksDevelop
Operate
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Steffen StaabISWebSlide 31
Fish Stock Depletion Assessment System Fish Stock Depletion Assessment System (FSDAS)(FSDAS)
FSDAS requirements:
– Using NeOn Toolkit runtime functionality
Fishery ontologies lifecycle requirements:
– Using NeOn Toolkit design time functionality
NeOn Toolkit – GUI = Runtime Backend
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Steffen StaabISWeb
Integrating Multiple Web2.0 Apps: Semaplorer
http://isweb.uni-koblenz.de/Research/systeme/semap
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Steffen StaabISWeb
Networked Repositories
GeoNames
RDFS Rules
PlaceOfBirthbirthplace
birthplace
WordNet Swoogle
fulltext
+ ++
+
Views,Distributed Joins,& „Function Tables“built into SPARQL
NetworkedGraphs + Federator
http://isweb.uni-koblenz.de/Research/systeme/NetworkedGraphs
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Conclusion
Networked Ontologies, Data and Applications– Develop– Operate
NeOn Toolkit– Versatile– 29 Plugins currently available– Development environment– Runtime environment– Functionality constantaneously extended
Interesting New Challenges: Networked Ontologies of and for– Ontology Reuse– Ontology Publishing– Ontology Trust– ….
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Steffen StaabISWebSlide 35
Thank You!
Basic InformationBasic Information
Steffen Staab
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Steffen StaabISWeb
Scratching the tip of the iceberg
R. Dividino, S. Sizov, S. Staab, B. Schüler. Managing RDF with Meta Knowledge Awareness. In: Journal of Web Semantics. Special issue on "The Web of Data". Elsevier, 7(3), 2009.
Simon Schenk; Carsten Saathoff; Steffen Staab; Ansgar Scherp. SemaPlorer---Interactive Semantic Exploration of Data and Media based on a Federated Cloud Infrastructure. In Journal of Web Semantics, Elsevier, 7(4), 2009.
R. Dividino, S. Schenk, S. Sizov, S. Staab. Provenance, Trust, Explanations - and all that other Meta Knowledge. Kuenstliche Intelligenz. 23(2), 2009.
T. Franz, A. Schultz, S. Sizov, S. Staab. TripleRank: Ranking Semantic Web Data by Tensor Decomposition. In: Proc. of ISWC-2009 – International Semantic Web Conference, Westfield, USA, Oct 25-29, 2009.
A. Scherp, T. Franz, C. Saathoff, S. Staab. F – A Model of Events based on the Foundational Ontology DOLCE+ Ultra Light. In: Proc. of K-Cap 2009. Fifth Int. Conference on Knowledge Capture. ACM Press. Sep 1-4, 2009, Redondo Beach, CA, USA.
T. Franz, A. Scherp, S. Staab. Are Semantic Desktops Better? Summative Evaluation Comparing a Semantic against a Conventional Desktop. In: Proc. of K-Cap 2009. Fifth Int. Conference on Knowledge Capture. ACM Press. Sep 1-4, 2009, Redondo Beach, CA, USA.
S. Schenk, S. Staab. Networked Graphs: A Declarative Mechanism for SPARQL Rules, SPARQL Views and RDF Data Integration on the Web. In: Proc. of WWW-2008, 17th Int. World Wide Web Conference, Bejing, China, April 21-25, 2008, pp. 585-594.
B. Schüler, S. Sizov, S. Staab, Duc Thanh Tran. Querying for Meta Knowledge. In: Proc. of WWW-2008, 17th Int. World Wide Web Conference, Bejing, China, April 21-25, 2008, pp. 625-634.