SSDs and Flash Drives

8/9/2019 SSDs and Flash Drives

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Computer Systems


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HDD Form Factors and Interfaces


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Hard Drive Technologies


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Solid State Storage (SSS)y Anonvolatile storage medium that employs integrated

circuits (RAM or flash memory) rather than rotatingmagnetic or optical media. It generally offers very highaccess performance compared to that of rotating

magnetic disks, because it eliminates mechanical seekand rotation time. It includes all form factors,interfaces, and technologies, including flash and RAM.

y Solid State Drive (SSD)Asubset of SSS which uses the same interfaces and form

factor as hard disk drives (HDDs)


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SSD Technologyy

ASolid-State Disk (SSD) is a data storage device that emulates ahard disk drive (HDD)

y NAND Flash SSDs are essentially arrays of flash memory deviceswhich include a controller that electrically and mechanicallyemulate, and are software compatible with magnetic HDDs


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SSD - HDD Technical Comparison

Overvie

w

Price

Seek

Time

Laten

cy

Read

Transfer

WriteT

ransfer

Shock Po

wer

Consum

ption

$199.99 8.9 ms 4.2 ms 85 MB/sec. 85 MB/sec. 65 G 9.9 W

HDD

7200 RPM750 GB

3.5 SATA

SSD

N/A64 GB3.5 SATA

$199.99 8.9 ms 4.2 ms 85 MB/sec. 85 MB/sec. 65 G 9.9 W

$1,769.00 0.1 ms 0.0 ms 60 MB/sec. 45 MB/sec. 1500 G 2.1 W


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SSD - Enterprise Leaders


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Portable Computing

y Driversy Power Savings

y Quicker Boot

y Weight

y Reliability

AppleMacBook Air $1,799 w/ 80 GB HDD

$3,199 w/ 64 GB SSD Lenovo X300

$2,632 w/ 64 GB SSD

Dell Latitude D430 $1,726 w/ 80 GB HDD

$2,506 w/ 64 GB SSD Asus EeePC

$349 w/ 4 GB SSD


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SSD Portable Computing Leaders

Samsungy Gyeonggi-Do, S. Korea

y 42.1% NAND MarketShare

y In-house SSD controllerdevelopment, supplemented

with SiliconMotioncontrollers

y Lowest cost model due tohighest yields, not from themost advanced technology

y Investing heavily in

PCRAM

which showspromise in NVM and SSDapplications

SanDisk

NASDAQ: SNDK

1988,Milpitas, CA

2007 Sales of $3.9 billion

$17 Billion Toshiba JV FabCapEx through 2011

2/3 of 2007 Royaltiesgenerated by Samsung.Royalty renegotiation is on-going

A

ll current SSDs are builtwith Samsung SLC

Forecast of Q1 08 MLCSSD has been pushed out toQ4 08

Toshiba

Tokyo, Japan

27.9% NAND Market Share

Partners with SanDisk onFab development

$16.7 Billion SanDisk JV forFabs 4 and 5, which willquadruple production capacity

To date, Toshiba has soldSanDisk designed NAND. Nowstarting to develop their own

NAND designs

Watch List: Hynix and Seagate


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Flash memory

y is a non-volatile computer storage technology that canbe electrically erased and reprogrammed.

yIt is primarily used in memory cards, USB flash drives,and solid-state drives for general storage and transferof data between computers and other digital products.

y It is a specific type of EEPROM (electrically-erasableprogrammable read-only memory) that is erased andprogrammed in large blocks; in early flash the entirechip had to be erased at once.


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History of the USB flash drive

y The USB technology Universal Serial Bus was createdin 1996 by seven companiesMicrosoft, Intel, IBM,Compaq, DEC, NEC and Nortel.

y USB flash drive was invented by DovMoran in 1998.

y The first USB flash drivewas commercially introducedin 2000 under the name "Thumbdrive" by TrekTechnology. Its capacity was 8 MB.

y

In 2003 was founded organization USB Flash DriveAlliance. It is group of companies (Corsair Memory,Kingston Technology, Microsoft and others)promoting and providing support to USB flash drives.


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P

arts of a Flash Drivey USB mass storage

controller is a kind of

simple CPU.dy Flash memory -EEPROM

y Crystal oscillator


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Flash drives Featuresy Most weigh less than 30 g (1 oz).

y Storage capacities in 2010 can be as large as 256 GB

y has a limited number of uses (write/erases)y and have a 10-year data retention cycle.

y specify a transfer rate with Mbits/s instead ofMBytes/s.

y USB 1.1 devices is 12 Mbits/s (1.5 MBytes/s).

y USB 2.0 devices is 480 Mbits/s (60 MBytes/s)

y USB 3.0 devices is 3200 Mbits/s (400 MBps)


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NAND Demand / Forecast

SSD, %Hand t , %

USB Fla h

Drives, %

Others , %

edia layers ,

%

Flash Cards,

%

NAND Demand Drivers Q1 2008

SS 1%

Handsets 12%

USB Flash es 13%

Othe s 15%Media Playe s 26%Flash Ca ds 33%Total 100%


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TASKy Flash Cards(3 Brands/type)

y Specs(Capacity,Transfer

rates,etc.y Costs

y applications

Assign:

SmallestFlash drive

Most Expensivew/ Largest Capacity

Most Secured

Most sellable

Documents

SSDs and Flash Drives