SS Badger Ferry statement to EPA - docket 1010-EPA-HQ-OW-2008-0055-0432.1

8/9/2019 SS Badger Ferry statement to EPA - docket 1010-EPA-HQ-OW-2008-0055-0432.1

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K & L GATES Kirkpatrick & Lockhart Preston Gates Ellis Lip1601 K Street N WWashington, DC 20006-160 0T 204 . 7 7 8 .9000 w w w .k lgat e s .c o m

V I A E M A ILOctober 10, 2008

Water DocketU.S. Environmental Protection AgencyMailcode 4101T1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, N .W .Washington, D .C . 20460Submitted by email at o w-docket@epa .govAttention : Docket ID No . EPA-HQ-OW -2008-005 5

Regarding the U.S . Environmental Protection Agency's 2008 Proposed Issuance of aNational Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Vessel General Permit(VGP) for Discharges Incidental to the Normal Operation of Commercial and LargeRecreat ional Vessels

To Whom It May Concern :These comments are submi tt ed on behalf of Lake Michigan Carferry, Inc ., (LMC) of

Ludington, Michigan. LMC is the owner and operator of the S . S .1 Badger, a large commercial carferry operating on Lake Michigan an d the Great Lakes that will be subject to the proposedNational Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Vessel General Permit VGP) for mostif not all of its discharges . These comments address the discharge of boiler effluent from thevessel . The Badger is a coal - fired vessel that for decades has discharged boiler effluent comprisedlargely of water containing relatively small amounts of coal ash as pa rt of its normal operations .Since 1973, those discharges, and the discharges of countless other coal - fired vessels in the U.S .,have not been required to have an NPDES permit based on the longstanding exemption from theNPDES requirements for effluent from properly functioning ma rine engines and for incidentaldischarges from normal vessel operations. The purpose of this comment is to provide the Agencywith information that (a) specifically supports a determination that boiler effluent from coal-firedm a rine engines on steamships is included in the currently proposed VGP; (b) a l t ernatively supportsan amendment to the VGP to expressly include boiler effluent as a separate stream to the extentnecessary ; and (c) provides the approp riate effluent standard for boiler effluent from coal-firedma rine engines. As always, LMC is commi tt ed to assuring compliance with the law and being anI The prefix "S .S ." is a short form for steamship .2 Effluent is defined as waste mixed with water . See 33 U.S .C. 1362(11 ) (2006) . Boiler effluent is w aste, in thiscase ash, from the boiler mixed with water .

Barry M . Hartman20 2 .778 .933820 2 .778.9100 faxbarrv .h a rtm an c k loates.com


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As other forms of propulsion developed, steamships no longer ruled the maritime industry .Today, the S .S . Badger has taken on iconic status on the Great Lakes by virtue of its place as thelast coal-fired steamship operating in regular service in the U .S . Built in 1953, its original missionwas the transportation of railroad cars and freight across Lake Michigan, one of a fleet of rail carferries that once operated on the Great Lakes . After ceasing operations as a rail car ferry in 1990,the Badger sat idle for several years before service was restored in 1992 in its current incarnationas a vessel transporting passengers, their vehicles, and commercial vehicles between Ludington,Michigan and Manitowoc, Wisconsin . Today the Badger has a capacity of 620 passengers plus180 trucks, cars, tour buses, recreational vehicles, motorcycles, and other vehicles . The Badger is410 feet in length and more than 50 feet in width . Its height is 106 feet or seven stories, and itsweight is 6650 tons displaced. There is no other operating ship like it, an important reason why ithas become a major tourist destination in the Midwest .

The Badger operates between May and October, with two round trip crossings during theheart of the shipping season and one round trip crossing on the "shoulder" parts of its shippingseason . In the course of the season, it makes about 500 crossings. A ride across Lake Michigantakes approximately four ho urs .

T he Badger has operated on the Great Lakes for mo re than five decades . Analyses indicateit has a $40 million annual economic impact on its port cities of Ludington and Manitowoc . Itemploys 279 people, including a crew of seafarers from the American Maritime Officers laborunion, and has an estimated indirect impact of more than 1,000 jobs . The entire Great Lakes andthe states of Michigan and Wisconsin also benefit from the impact of the Badger as atransportation link for tourism as well as commerce associated with commercial trucktransportation . The Badger transports tens of thousands of automobiles, RV's, motorcycles, andcommercial trucks annually resulting in the saving of 1 .1 million gallons of gasoline and dieselfuel .

The Badger's age and propulsion system have given it a celebrity status on the Lakes : Its propulsion system was designated a mechanical engineering landmark by the AmericanS ociety of Mechanical Engineers . (19 9 6 ) It was officially named a registered Michigan historic site by the Michigan HistoricalCommission . ( 19 9 7 ) It was officially named a registered Wisconsin historic site by the Wisconsin HistoricalCommission . ( 19 9 7 ) It was designated a Michigan Centennial Business by the Historical Society of Michigan .( 1 9 9 7 ) It was named Ship of the Year by the Steamship Historical Society of America . (2 0 0 2 )


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IL ThePropulsion System on the BadgerThe propulsion system on the Badger is similar to that of other coal-fired vessels . In the

case of the Badger, the steam turns two caste steel, four blade propellers that are nearly 14 feet indiameter and weigh 13,800 pounds each . The Badger travels at an average speed of approximately18 miles per hour o r, in nautical terms, about 15 knots .The Badger is equipped with the original Foster-Wheeler "D"-type marine steam

generators or boilers with side, back, and roof tubes to protect the furnace refractory, interdecksuper heaters, and economizers. The Badger is also equipped with forced draft, induced draft,high-velocity fans, and Pratt-Daniels cyclone separators . The boilers are fitted with HoffrnanCombustion stoker fronts employing over feed stokers and dump grates. The normal evaporationrate is 29,500 lbs/hr with 44,000 lbs/hr maximum at 500 ibs/sq in gauge (a/k/a, psig) and 750degrees Fahrenheit o utlet .The Badger currently uses a blend of Westridge Coal (1 .12 percent sulfur) and stoker coal( .97 percent sulfur) in a 2 to 1 ratio to produce a coal mixture that has a 1 .023 percent sulfurcontent : 3 Coals used ranged from 2" x 0" Crushed Run of Mine to 1 %2" x '/4" Stoker coal . Coals used were typically from the East Kentucky Region . Heat content ranged from 12,500 to 13,400/btu. Ash content ranged from 6 .0 percent to 9 .5 percent . Moisture content ranged from 4 .0 percent to 7 .0 percent .Coal is stored aboard the vessel in coal bins and moved to the vessel's four boilers via aclosed conveyer belt system within the infrastructure of the ship . The process of adding coal to theboilers to maintain steam pressure is a relatively continuous process. During the season the vesselmust con tinuously operate its boilers, both in po rt and w hile underway .As the boilers consume coal, they necessarily generate a non-hazardous ash that isdischarged from the vessel's boilers by means of a six inch pipe system that moves the ash in

continuously running lake water into an effluent that is conveyed overboard . The conveyancesystem relies on a combination of gravity and vacuum pressure. As it is ejected from the ship, theeffluent strikes a metal barrier at 150 po unds per square inch o f pressure that ensures that the ash isconverted into sand-like particles before entering the water. While the water flows continuouslythrough the vessel at all times, ash discharges take place only during a limited period, and onlyafter each boiler's ash pit fills up. Thus the ash is discharged gradually over a 15 minute periodfrom each boiler sequentially. Over the course of a four-hour voyage, actual discharges of boilereffluent containing ash occur for about 60 minutes during a single trip across Lake Michigan .Photos and additional information regarding the vessel's operations are available, but since some3 Because of the historical nature of the vessel, the Badger is legislatively exempted from the Wisconsin andMichigan state Clean Air Act programs . Wis. Stat. 285 .27(3) (200 8) ; Mich. Comp . L a w s 32 4 . 5 51 3 ( 2 0 0 8 ) .


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of this information is confid e ntial bus iness informat ion, LMC would prefer to submi t it s e para t e lyi f i t is nee de d .

T here are several locations where ash gathers as a result of coal being burned in the bo ilers .The vast majority falls to the bottom of the furnace and is sometimes called "bottom ash." Othersmall amounts are accumulated in the econo mizer and in the cyclones leading to the stack .III. TheBadger's Environmental Footprin t

The Badger takes great pride in its history, and undertakes continuous efforts to operate asefficiently as possible and with as little impact on the environment as possible . Protecting theenvironment has always been directly related to operating the vessel as efficiently as possible . Forexample, the more efficient the engines are, the less coal is used . This saves significant fuel costs .At the same time, the less coal that is used, the less ash is generated .

The Badger continually works to ensure that its engines are operated as efficiently aspossible, and its environmental footprint is as benign as possible . Examples of these effortsinclude :

1. The original Wager smoke-eyes allow the Badger's crew to monitor individualboiler emissions from the boiler room, and a video monitor system installed in 2000 allowsthe engineer to observe overall stock gas opacity and feed rate from the engine room. Thisinformation is used to help the fireman adjust the combustion air in order to burn fuel moreefficiently and minimize emissions .

2. In 1992, LMC designed and installed solid state circuitry to replace obsoletevacuum tube balance circuits in the plant master steam pressure control . LMC alsodesigned and installed solid state circuitry to replace obsolete vacuum tube circuits in coalstoker drive controls . This was LMC's first attempt to automate, rather than to manuallycontrol, the system to produce mo re efficient fuel burn, which in turn reduces emissions .

3. In 1993, LMC replaced the solid state circuitry that LMC previously designedand installed a Johnson Yokogawa PID microprocessor controller to replace the plantmaster control . LMC also installed a Johnson Yokogawa steam pressure transducer to sendsteam pressure signals to the new plant master . These reforms allowed LMC to bettercontrol its fuel input, fuel combustion, and smoke emissions .

4. LMC installed Honeywell drive motors to interface the plant master signal tocoal stoker drives . This was done in an effort to modernize the system and automate, ratherthan to manually control, the system to burn fuel more efficiently and to minimizeemissions .5. In 1993, LMC hired a consulting firm to evaluate the Badger's boiler operationsand make recommendations .


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Water DocketOctober 10, 2008Page 6

6. In 1994, LMC installed four new Beck drive motors on coal stokers and fourAPI process control isolators to interface with the Johnson Yokogawa plant master to Beckdrive motors . This installation completed the replacement of the previous circuit systemthat began in 1992, and in 1994, LMC installed Wechsler digital bar graph gauges toindicate the percentage of coal feed . This provides the operator with a visual indication ofthe amount of fuel being fed into the boiler and immediately alerts the operator when thevessel has a high rate of fuel feed, which can lead to a smokier and less efficient fuelcombustion boiler operation .

7. LMC installed Dwyer differential pressure switch gauges to monitor combustionchamber pressure and to operate flue dampers to maintain constant pressure . LMC alsoinstalled Duff- Norton actuators on flue ID inlet dampers, which are operated eithermanually or automatically by the Dwyer pressure switch gauges to allow the vessel tomaintain the most appropri ate air-fuel ratio, which is crucial for running a cleaner stack andmore efficient fire .

8. In 1995, LMC obtained a spare Johnson Yokogawa PID controller and a spareJohnson Yokogawa master pressure transducer for use in the event of microprocessorfailure .

9 . In 1997-1998, LMC replaced all wall and floor boiler tubes in all four boilers .This repair increased the efficiency of the boiler operation, thus minimizing emissions .10. In 1999, LMC installed four additional Beck motor drives to operate forced

draft dampers under direct manual operation by the ship's crew . This conversion allowedthe vessel to better control its air-fuel ratio consumption and to minimize smoke .11. In 1999, LMC installed four Wechsler digital bar graph instruments to indicate

the percentage of forced draft primary combustion air, which allowed the crew to monitorthe positioning of the forced air damper feed back .

12. In 1999, LMC again retained Maurice L. Kelsey & Associates, Inc . to reviewsome of the recent additions and installations and offer more recommendations forachieving a more efficient fuel combustion and cleaner stack .

13. In 2000, LMC added a stack cam video camera, which focuses on the top of thestack and allows the engineer on duty below to monitor the stack smoke and ensure that thevessel's smoke emissions are as low as possible .

14 . In approximately 2000, LMC replaced generating, screen, and superheatertubes, as well as related brick work for the forward and after starboard boilers . Thesereplacements allowed the boilers to operate more efficiently .


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15. Stokers are overhauled during every off season, and all force draft fans,induced draft fan turbines, and over fire air fans have been overhauled in the last five years .16. In 2004, LMC replaced the superheater tubes in the afterport and forward portboilers, some of which were plugged and operating inefficiently . This replacementincreased the efficiency o f the bo iler o peration, thus minimizing em issions .17. In 2008, the stoker secondary air supply was ducted so that it is fed from the

forced draft, which allows greater flexibility and results in more burn efficiency and bettersmoke control .18. The dump grates on all four boilers have been replaced with a redesigned

pattern to allow improved forced draft, which has decreased gas velocity through thefurnace to allow mo re air into the boiler so that the boilers burn cleaner .19. Tachometers have been installed to allow remote monitoring of the induceddraft fan turbine speeds to better control the fuel combustion and m inimize smo ke .20. T he Pratt- Danie l s cyc lones have be en renew ed to more efficiently remove a s hfrom emiss ions .21. In 2007/2008, LMC replaced all the condenser tubes on the port and starboardside . A number of these tubes were plugged and were causing the vessel to operate lessefficiently. Because of the added cooling capacity, the Badger has a better vacuum, whichallows the vessel to have more torque and use less fuel when maneuvering . This also helpsthe Badger to reduce its smoke .22. The Badger has reduced fuel consumption and smoke emissions byapproximately 20 percent by taking on e of the four bo ilers off-line and using it as a standbyboiler.

Apart from efforts to reduce generation of ash through engine efficiency, the ash that isdischarged from the Badger in the boiler effluent has minimal impact on the environment . As athreshold matter, the ash itself is non-hazardous . Tests done in 2006 and again in 2008demonstrate this. See Attachment 1 to this submission. As described above, boiler effluentcontaining this ash is almost always discharged more than 5 miles from shore unless safetyindicates otherwise . T he amo unt of w ater that carries the ash far exceeds the ash itself .Other go vernmental studies suggest that the boiler effluent containing non- hazardous ash isrelatively benign . For example, the United States Coast Guard has recently completed an extended

rulemaking related to discharges of non-hazardous bulk dry cargo residue (DCR), including freshcoal, from commercial ships into the Great Lakes .4 Based on research, testing and a Fina l4 73 Fed . Reg . 56492 (Sept . 29, 2008) .


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Environmental Impact Statement, the Coast Guard concluded that continued discharges of DCRwould have an insignificant impact on the environment of the Great Lakes, including its sedimentquality, water quality, or biological resources . Further, the Final Environmental Impact Statementnoted that "the effects of over a century of DCR sweeping on sediment quality or biologicalresources are barely detectable . , 5

Given the nature of the boiler effluent, it is almost certainly the case that it is sufficientlybenign especially if managed appropriately, and the continuing discharge for the next few years isalmost certain to have no adverse impact on the Great Lakes as LMC m oves toward an engineeringsolution that will allow it to cease the discharge in its entirety .IV. Historical Reliance on 40 CFR . 122 . 3

Steam-powered vessels like the Badger have always discharged their boiler effluent - theash is discharged from the boiler overboard via a system that includes vacuum and water pressure .Since 1972, when the CWA was enacted into law, the Badger has discharged this boiler effluent inreliance on 40 C .F .R . 122 .3, which permits vessel discharges of " . . .effluent from properlyfunctioning marine engines . . ." The plain wording in Section 122 .3 accurately describes thedischarge of boiler effluent from the Badger. In addition, 40 C .F .R. 122.3 also exempts "anyother discharges incidental to the normal operations of a vessel" from the NPDES permittingrequirements ; in fact, the Badger's effluent discharge is both incidental and directly related to itsnormal operation. While federal agencies like the U.S . Coast Guard6 have sometimes referencedthe "effluent" portion of the exemption and other times referenced the "incidental discharges"section, the ultimate reliance on S ection 12 2 .3 has not changed .

Similarly, other coal-fired streamships have relied on Section 122 .3 since it waspromulgated . According to the Lake Carriers' Association, in 1972, on the Great Lakes alone,there were 84 registered coal-fired commercial vessels . Many of those vessels - and probablyhundreds if not thousands more operating on the inland waters and coasts of the United States -that discharged ash under authority of Section 122 .3 continued to operate for many years until thedevelopment of new propulsion systems led to co nversions to o ther fuels like diesel fuel .The official United States Coast Guard vessel file on the Badger has noted the applicabilityof both the "effluent" exemption and the "incidental discharge" exemption. The Badger's VesselCritical Profile, which is the vessel's official government file, has included a note from the CoastGuard : "Per 40 CFR 122.3 vessel is permitted to discharge ash into the waters of the GreatLakes ." Attachment 2 at 3 . On June 22, 2007, another Coast Guard entry in the Vessel Profile

said, "Under current regulations, vessel may discharge ash in the waters of the Great Lakes underTitle 40, Code of Federal Regulations part 122 .3 ." Id . at 7 . A third Coast Guard entry on June 12,2 0 0 6 s a id :5 U.S . Coast Guard Environmental Impact Statement for Dry Cargo Residue Discharges in the Great Lakes, U .S .C o as t Guar d, USC G-20 04 -19 26 1( May 23 , 2008) .6 EP A has historically recognized the Coast G uard as lead agency fo r discharges from vessels, with the exception ofindustrial processes on vessels . 72 Fed . Reg . 3 424 1, 3424 3 ( J un e 21 , 2007 ) .


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"S/S Badger discharges flyash during each transit. Occasionally this is reported aspollution . The flyash is the byproduct of burning coal and has been deemed non-hazardous . Per 40 CFR 122.3, no EPA permit is required to dump effluent from aproperly running engine ." Id . at 8 .At least one of these evaluations an d determinations w as done at the request of a W isconsinstate environmental official . Id . at 3 . Section 122.3 has been interpreted consistently to excludevirtually all operational discharges from vessels, including discharges from coal-fired vessels likethe Badger, from the NPDES permitting requirements . As noted above, the vessel dischargeexemption in Section 122 .3 w ill expire later this year .

V. Coverage of Boiler Effluent Under the EPA's Proposed New General Permi tAs explained above, boiler effluent has been allowed to be discharged under the provisionsof Section 122.3, without an NPDES permit. The Coast Guard has expressly confirmed this withrespect to the Badger. The EPA has made clear its "interpretation" that virtually all dischargesfrom vessels were historically subject to regulation by the Coast Guard . 72 Fed . Reg . at 34243 .That has changed now, however, due to a series of well-documented events, including two courtdecisions that have led to the expiration of Section 122 .3 on December 19, 2008 . EPA has nowproposed to regulate most of the discharges that were previously covered by Section 122 .3 under anew general permit program called the VGP, which is the subject of this docket. Given the factthat the boiler effluent has been consistently and universally considered to be within the scope ofSection 122.3, and the proposed VGP is intended to cover all vessel discharges that had beenwithin the scope of S ection 12 2 .3, there should be n o question that the boiler effluent is covered bythe proposed VGP .The VGP was proposed by EPA on June 17, 2008 to address those discharges that had beenexempt from the NPDES permit program under 40 C .F .R . 122.3(a) . 73 Fed. Reg. 34296 (June17, 2008) . The VGP specifically applies to "discharges incidental to the normal operation of avessel identified in Part 1 . 2 .2 into waters subject to this permit ." Proposed VGP, 1 . 2 .1 ."Discharge incidental to the normal operation of a vessel" means those discharges that wereexcluded from the NPDES permitting program by operation of 40 C .F .R. 122 .3(a) as in effect onS e ptembe r 29 , 2008 . VGP at 55, Appendix A .Having determined that the VGP should include all discharges that had been subject to the

soon-to-be-expired exemption, the Agency then had to determine what effluent limits applied .LMC believes that the Agency's ultimate determination and conclusion that it was mostappropriate to require effluent limits in the form of best management practices for 28 dischargestreams that it determined were most common in the vessels was appropriate. Boiler effluent thatcontained non-hazardous ash was not one of the particularly specified streams ; however, theAgency suggested that its proposed list was not exclusive, and said that it "is seeking input on anyadditional streams o r discharge types that should be considered for co verage ." U .S . EnvironmentalProtection Agency 2008 Proposed Issuance of National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System


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Water DocketOctober 10, 2008Page 1 0

(NPDES) Vessel General Permit (VGP) for Discharges Incidental to the Normal Operation ofCommercial and Large Recreat ional Vessels (Fact S heet) a t 26 . We believe that at least two of thestreams identified by the Agency can fairly be read to include boiler effluent, and should beamended to specifically do so. Alternatively, boiler effluent from steam engines could be added asa 2 9th stream .

A . Boiler Effluent from Steamships Shares Many Characteristics of Boiler BlowdownDescribed in the VGP, Except That Boiler Effluent Does Not Contain the HazardousConstituents Potentially Present in Boiler Blowdow n .In the VGP pro posal, EPA identified "Boiler/Economizer blowdown" as a discharge streamthat "can originate from any vessel with steam propulsion or a steam generator . ,7 T he constituents

of boiler blowdown discharge will be dependent on the type(s) of antiscaling and anticorrosiontreatment originally added to the feed water . Numerous constituents found in boiler blowdowndischarges from Armed Forces vessels were defined as priority pollutants by the EPA : antimony,arsenic, cadmium, copper, chromium, lead, nickel, selenium, thallium, zinc, and his (2-ethylhexyl)phthalate . Battelle Report at 4 3 .

There are both similarities and differences between boiler blowdown described by theAgency and the effluent discharged from a coal-fired steam boiler such as the Badger . To theextent blowdown represents a discharge of an effluent at high pressure from a steam propulsionengine, Fact Sheet at 28, there may be some similarities to boiler effluent from a coal-fired steamboiler . While the volume of effluent containing ash is likely to be larger than blowdown effluent,the effluent discharge from a coal-fired steam boiler is not heated, nor does it contain steam,sludge or other hazardous constituents . Moreover, as the Agency noted, there are as many as 12constituents of concern in boiler blowdown, which are largely determined by the feed water! Theboiler effluent from the Badger is Lake Michigan water that is discharged exactly as it enters thevessel, except for the ash that it occasionally carries out . At most there are four constituents ofconcern 9 and non e are at levels that approach any danger to human health or the environment .

7 T echnical Support for EP A Development of a Permitting Framework to Address the Vacatur of the NPDES VesselExclusion (Battelle R eport) at 43 .8 The Battelle Report noted that for steam-powered vessels, onboard boiler systems must be supplied with feedwaterto m aintain the water level . It is this water that must be periodically removed and that contains pollutants that increasein concentration as the water is boiled. In the case of a coal-fired steam boiler like the Badger, the water provides adifferent function within the engine system - it removes the potentially dangerous accumulation of non-hazardous ashfrom the engine system . In both cases, the discharges are to the ambient water and occur as necessary to maintain thesystem . Batelle Report at 42 . T his report notes that this category of discharges includes a variety of effluent dischargesfrom steam-powered boilers .9 pH is probably the constituent of greatest concern in ash, but given the manner in which the boiler effluent isdischarged, it is unlikely that the effluent itself would present a problem, and dispersal - the same practice approvedfor boiler blowdown - would provide additional protection .


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Because of the basic similari ties of these streams for purposes of the CWA - they allinvolve boiler effluent from a steamship - it would be appropri ate to clari fy the scope of thiss t r e am by d e s cri bing i t as "boiler/economizer blowd own and other s te am boi ler eff luent . "

B . Boiler Effluent Also Shares Characteristics with "Seawater Cooling OverboardDischarge" (Including Non-Contact Engine Cooling Water, Hydraulic System CoolingWater, Refrigeration Cooling Water) .In the VGP, the Agency identified the general category of "Seawater Cooling OverboardDischarge" as a discharge stream covered by the VGP . In the Battelle Report, this is described inpart as follows :

Seawater cooling systems onboard vessels use ambient water pumped in directly orthrough the firemain to absorb the heat from the propulsion system and auxiliaryheat exchangers . This water is then discharged back overboard . Cooling waterdemand is continuous, particularly for larger vessels, and seawater spendsapproximately one minute in the cooling system befo re being discharged .

In their comments on EPA's ANPRM, LMC, WSC and CMC all cited seawatercooling overboard discharge as relevant discharges from the vessels they represent .PSPA's comments also listed cooling activities as producing discharge, but, alongwith engine cooling water, they also listed (without further comment) hydraulicsystem cooling water, refrigeration cooling water, and processing factory coolingwater as relevant discharges .

The potential constituents of seawater cooling overboard discharge includeentrained or dissolved materials from the system itself. Although the specificconstituents will vary depending on the vessel and the type of cooling system, EPA(1999w) identified copper, iron, aluminum, zinc, nickel, tin, titanium, arsenic,manganese, chromium, lead, and oil and grease as possible contents of thedischarge . Mud, biota, and other debris that were stuck to the strainer plates mayalso be discharged. The seawater is also being discharged at a higher temperaturethan when it was taken up and constitutes a thermal discharge into the receivingwater. EPA (1999w) estimates that the thermal difference between seawater intakeand discharge can range from 5 to 25C, with a maximum discharge temperature of140 C . Seawater cooling discharge flow rates vary by vessel size and operationtype . EPA (1999w) estimated rates ranging from 1,500 gpm for a pierside destroyerto over 170,000 gpm for an in-transit aircraft carrier. These rates are not entirelyapplicable to the vessels that will be covered under the vacatur, but the ratevariability is instructive . C onstituent concentrations will also be variable, dependingon the residence time, the quality of the intake water, and the erosion and corrosion


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of co oling system compo nents . How ever, EPA studies indicated that copper, nickel,and silver concentrations exceeded the mos t stringent state water quality standards .Battelle Report at 59-60 .

Boiler effluent shares some of the characteristics of seawater overboard cooling waterdischarges in that the volume of effluent is high, the discharges are present in the vessel for onlyseconds as they carry out the ash, and they carry out a non-toxic pollutant - ash instead of thermalconstituents . On the other hand, the boiler effluent discharges at a much lower rate - under 700gpm instead of 1,500 - and remains at virtually the same temperature going out as it was comingin . Further, while ash does contain trace amounts of barium, it does not contain any of the dozensof constituents that are present in seawater overboard discharges . Since these discharges were notlimited and included an apparently wide variety of streams,10 it would be appropriate to considerboiler effluent within this category as well .V I. Effluent Lim its Ap pl icable to Boi ler Effluen t

The EPA noted in the proposed VGP that it is required to set effluent limits for all pointsources subject to NPDES permits at the Best Practical Control Technology currently available(BPT), Best Conventional Pollutant Control Technology (BCT), and Best Available TechnologyEconomically Achievable (BAT) . Fact Sheet at 44-45 . The Agency determined that "Because ofthe nature of vessel discharges, it is not practicable to rely on numeric effluent limits to achievethese levels of control for the large majority discharge types until greater information is available,"and that it is appropriate for the VGP to include non-numeric effluent limits that requiredpermittees to engage in specific behaviors or best management practices (BMPs) . Id. For purposesof determining BPT, BCT, and BAT, currently there is no feasible, available or economicallyachievable and practicable means of eliminating the effluent discharge by the time the generalpermit comes into effect . Id . LMC believes that the Agency's analysis in this regard is sound, andhas equal applicability to boiler effluent .

A Best Manag ement Practices Are Appropriate for Boiler Effluent .The Badger like other coal-fired vessels was built to discharge its boiler effluent .

Therefore there currently exists no available off-the-shelf plan, system, or process that wouldallow the vessel to operate but contain its ash . LMC will literally need to invent such a system,design it with all the constraints of a vessel that was built for a different purpose, and then build it .The challenges involved in such a reconstruction are considerable, and it is not possible for theprocess to be complete before Section 122.3 expires on December 19, 2008 or before the Badgerhopes to begin service in May of 2009 .10 .comments also listed cooling activities as producing discharge, but along with engine cooling water, tthey alsolisted (without further comment) hydraulic system cooling water, refrigeration cooling water, and processing factorycooling water as relevant discharges . " Ba ttelle Report at 59 .


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Owners of the Badger are aggressively pursuing a range of options for developing andconstructing an ash containment system on board the vessel .' t Such a system will require designapprovals by the U.S . Coast Guard and the American Bureau of Shipping . Because of designlimitations imposed by the configuration of the vessel and the desirability of avoiding the breachof watertight compartments, the current working proposal is a system that would use vacuumpressure to transport the ash up a 38-foot vertical piping system to a new containment facility inwhat is now the vessel's coal storage area. In addition, a system must be developed to remove theash from any containment facility on board the vessel and transport it to a landfill or other on-shore disposal location . Owners of the Badger believe the full process of developing, constructingand testing the containment system should be completed in time for the vessel to operate with nodischarges by the opening of the Badger's season in the spring of 2012. It is possible thatunforeseen circumstances might require some additional time to achieve this goal, but LMC ishopeful that it can meet the Spring 2 012 target .

There is substantial precedent for the EPA to consider the need for development of newtechnologies as components of BMPs . EPA's recently promulgated rule establishing newdischarge standards for Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) in the form of BMPsgave the regulated comm unity additional t ime to phase these requirements in . 72 Fed . Reg . 4 0 2 4 5 ,40248 (July 24, 2007) (extending deadline for CAFOs to develop and implement nutrientmanagement plans) ; see also 64 F ed . Reg . 36580, 36582 (July 7, 1999) (requiring pulp and papermills to submit a "Milestones Plan" specifying research, construction, and other activities designedto lead to compliance with effluent limitations, as well as accompanying dates for those activities;Milestones Plans are intended both to "provide information to the permitting authority" as well as"sufficient flexibility" to the specific point source) .

B . The BMPs for Boiler Effluent Can Be Modeled After the BMPs Accepted for SimilarStreams .The BMPs proposed by the EPA with respect to boiler/economizer blowdown ared e s c rib ed a s f ol low s :Minimize the discharge of boiler/economizer blowdown in port if chemicals or otheradditives are used to reduce impurities or prevent scale formation. For vessels greater than400 gross registered tons which leave the territorial sea at least once per week,boiler/economizer blowdown may not be discharged in waters subject to this permit exceptfor safety purposes, and should be discharged as far from shore as possible . For all vessels,boiler/econo mizer blowdown m ay not be discharged in or within 1 nm of w aters referencedin part 12 .1 except for safety purposes . Proposed VGP at 2 .2 .6 .

11 Amo ng its options LMC considered a co nversion of the vessel to diesel fuel . However, such a conversion iscomplex, expensive and sometimes unsuccessful .


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Water DocketOctober 10, 200 8Page 1 4

T he Fact Sheet explains this as follows :BMPs to reduce impacts from boiler/economizer blowdown additives arebased on minimization of their discharge to nearshore or port receiving waters, thusallowing for more mixing . To further mitigate potential impacts, EPA has specified

that vessels greater than 400 gross registered tons that leave the territorial seas atleast once per week, cannot discharge within 3 nm of shore, except in emergencies .EPA selected once per week as the threshold because the necessary frequency ofboiler blowdown can vary from approximately once in two weeks to once in acouple of months . It is therefore practical and achievable for these vessels to onlydischarge boiler blowdown further than 3 nm from shore .

Fact Sheet at 68 .In the case of a coal-fired steam boiler, the effluent discharged from the boiler system does

not contain any chemicals or other additives that are used to reduce impurities or scale formation .We understand that some questions exist as to the practicality of requiring boiler blowdown to bedischarged more than 3 nm from shore, as this activity may require shutting down engines .However, the discharge of boiler effluent from coal-fired steamship engines can be conductedmore than 3 nm from shore where, like the Badger, the discharges are conducted sequentially fromeach boiler, and the boiler does not need to be shut down. This recognizes that there aresometimes safety and other operations concerns that require discharges closer to shore, but thoseinstances are limited . This discharge should be conditioned on the following :

(a) continuous efforts must be undertaken to ensure that the engine is operating asefficiently as possible ;(b) coal used to po wer the boilers should have as low ash content as practicable ;(c) the operators of any such vessel should develop and implement a plan that, absentextraordinary circumstances, will result in the substantial reduction or cessation of discharge boilereffluent containing ash, no later than May 1, 20 12, if appropriate .

VII ConclusionThis has been an unusual and challenging rulemaking for the Agency . It has beencompelled by court order to develop the largest single NPDES program in the history of the CWA

in the space of just two years . It has been asked to do this for vessels that have never beenregulated before. Given these extraordinary circumstances, accepting this comment after the closeof the comment period but well before the deadline for issuing the final regulation would be anappropriate exercise of the Agency's discretion .

At the same time the Badger faces an unusual time constraint. It only operates six months ayear, and between November and April it incurs substantial costs preparing for the upcoming


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Water DocketOctober 10, 200 8Page 1 5

season . The Badger cannot begin to incur costs this November for next year's season without areasonable prospect that it will be able to operate when the 2009 season starts next May . Giventhat the VGP was proposed to cover vessels heretofore subject to Section 122 .3, and the boilereffluent from steamships was covered by that provision, the Agency should make it clear that thiseffluent is covered either as part of the boiler blowdown stream, as part of the seawater coolingoverboard discharge stream, or a s a 2 9 `h stream, and subject to the effluent limits set forth above .

Respectfully submitted ,

6"Barry M . HartmanCounsel for Lake Michigan Carferry, Inc .SS/ B a dg er


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ATTACHMENT 1


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MINNESOTA VALLEY TESTING LABORATORIES, INC .1126 N . Front St . - New Ulm, MN 56073 - 800-782-3557 - Fax 507-359-28901411 S. 12th St. - Bismarck, ND 58502 - 800-279-6885 - Fax 701-258-972435 W . Lincoln Way - Nevada, IA 50201 - 800-362-0855 - Fax 515-382-388 5w ww .mvtl .comFINAL ANALYSIS REPORT

Report Date : 1 Dec 2006Lab Number : 06-H49 3Work Order # : 81-127 2

Date Received : 31 Oct 2006Time Received : 10 :0 0

TCLP Date Ext : 11/ 9/0 6Sample Description : Bottom Ash

James AndersonLake Michigan CarferryPO Box 70 8Ludington MI 4943 1

SW846 Method 1311

ERM

Analyte===cax==c===a3===--aW Solids (dry)W Solids (wet)Arsenic TCLPBarium TCLPCadmium TCLPChromium TCLPLead TCLPMercury TCLPReactive CyanidesReactive SulfidesSelenium TCLPSilver TCLPTCLP pHTCLP Semi-VolatilesTCLP VOC

Result Action Level Date Analyzed=a=====nsa- acs==sass==aa100 wt V N/A 11/ 9/0 610 0 wt V N/A 11/ 9/0 6< 0 .04 mg/l 5 . 0 mg/l 11/27/0 60 .50 mg/l 10 0 mg/l 11/28/0 6< 0 .01 mg/l 1 .0 mg/1 11/28/0 6< 0 .05 mg/l 5 .0 mg/1 11/28/0 6< 0 .5 mg/l 5 .0 mg/l 11/28/0 6< 0 .01 mg/l 0 .2 mg/l 11/16/06< 0 . 5 mg/kg mg/1 11/10/06336 . 0 mg/kg mg/1 11/10/06< 0 .04 mg/l 1 . 0 mg/l 11/27/0 6< 0 . 2 mg/1 5 .0 mg/l 11/27/0 65 .21 units N/A 11/ 9/0 6See Attached Report N/A 12/ 1/06See Attached Report N/A 12/ 1/06

Approved By :

MVTLguarantees the accurary, of the analysis done on the sample submitted for t e s t ing . It is not possible for MVTL to gu a rantee that a test result obtained on a pasticulu sample will be the same on any other umpfe unlessall conditions affecting the sample are the same, including sampling by MVTL . A . a mut ua l protection to clients, the public and ourselves, all reports are submitted as the confidential property of clients, and authorizationfor publication of statemems, conclusions or extracts from or regarding - reports is reserved pending our written approval .AU4lirAT1DDADTTTTTTV~1r/!DTITVL.D


18/52

MINNESOTA VALLEY TESTING LABORATORIES, INC .1126 N. Front St. - New Ulm, MN 56073 - 800-782-3557 - Fax 507-359-28901411 S. 12th St . - Bismarck, ND 58502 - 800-279-6885 - Fax 701-258-9724 m ama rt Rt35 W. Lincoln Way - Nevada, IA 50201 - 800-362-0855 - Fax 515-382-388 5www.mvtl .com

FINAL ANALYSIS REPOR TReport Date : 1 Dec 2006Lab Number : 06-H494Work Order # : 81-127 2

Date Received : 31 Oct 2006Time Received : 1 0 :0 0

SW846 Method 1311 TCLP Date Ext : 11/ 9/0 6ri tion Fl Al D h: ymp e esc s

Analyte Result Action Level Date Analyzed=aaaaesassa=:a=====___ a s a= x a s a a a a a a a =xaaaagamaesaa aaa:>sassaaamaW Solids (dry) 10 0 wt % N/A 11/ 9/0 6W Solids (wet) 10 0 wt % N/A 11/ 9/0 6Arsenic TCLP < 0 .04 mg/l 5 .0 mg/l 11/27/0 6Barium TCLP 0 .52 mg/l 10 0 mg/l 11/28/06Cadmium TCLP < 0 .01 mg/1 1 . 0 mg/l 11/28/0 6Chlorine 555 ug/g mg/l 11/29/0 6Chromium TCLP < 0 .05 mg/l 5 . 0 mg/1 11/28/0 6Copper TCLP 0 .07 mg/1 mg/l 11/28/0 6Density 0 .364 g/cm3 mg/l 11/29/0 6Lead TCLP < 0 .5 mg/l 5 .0 mg/l 11/28/0 6Mercury TCLP < 0 .01 mg/l 0 .2 mg/l 11/16/06Nickel TCLP 0 .21 mg/l mg/l 11/28/0 6Paint Filt . Liqds Test No Free Liquids N/A 11/29/0 6pH-Environmental 8 .6 units N/A 11/29/0 6Selenium TCLP 0 .041 mg/l 1 . 0 mg/l 11/27/0 6Setaflash Flashpoint > 400 degrees F mg/l 11/ 9/0 6Silver TCLP < 0 . 2 mg/l 5 .0 mg/l 11/27/06TCLP pH 5 .01 units N/A 11/ 9/06TCLP Semi-Volatiles See Attached Report N/A 12/ 1/0 6TCLP VOC See Attached Report N/A 12/ 1/0 6Total Solids 976000 ug/g N/A 11/16/0 6Zinc TCLP 0 .73 mg/l mg/l 11/28/06

James AndersonLake Michigan CarferryPO Box 70 8Ludington MI 49431

Approved By:a1'Lrq)

M VTLguarantees the acctuscy fine analysis done-theample submitted for tossing. I t i s not porsa ib le for MVTL to guars - that a test resnl, obtained on a particular sample will be the same on any other sample unlessall conditions affecting the sample are the same, including sampling by MVTL As a mutual protection to clients, the public and ourselves, all reports are submitted as the confidential property of clients, and authorizationfor publication of st at ements, conclusion or extracts from or regarding our reports is reserved pending our w ri tten approval .


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MINNESOTA VALLEY TESTING LABORATORIES, INC .1126 N . F r o n t S t . - New Ulm, MN 56073 - 800-782-3557 - Fax 50 7-359-28901411 S . 12th St . - Bismarck, ND 58502 - 800-279-6885 - Fax 701-258-9724 Mem3 rx Rt35 W. Li ncoln Way - Nev ada, IA 50201 - 800-362-0855 - Fax 515-382-388 5w ww .mvtl.com

Page : 1 Of 2Report Date : 1 Dec 06Lab Number : 06-T14 4

JAMES ANDERSON LAKE MICHIGAN CARFERRY Work Order : 81-1272PO BOX 708 Account # :LUDINGTON MI 49431 Sample Matrix : TCLP

Date Sampled :Sampled By :Date Received : 10 Nov 0 6

Sample Description : BOTTOM ASHH493 Temp at Receipt : 4 .0 C

As Received Method Method DateCAS # Result PL Reference Analyzed Analys t

NITROBENZENE (SURROGATE) RECOVERY : 85 %2-FLUOROBIPHENYL (SURROGATE) RECOVERY : 77 tTERPHENYL - d14 (SURROGATE) RECOVERY: 62 t

2-FLUOROPHENOL (SURROGATE) RECOVERY : 62 tPHENOL-d5 (SURROGATE) RECOVERY: 41%2,4,6-TRIBROMOPHENOL (SURROGATE) RECOVERY :DIBROMOFLUOROMETHANE (SURROGATE) RECOVERY :TOLUENE - d8 (SURROGATE) RECOVERY : 97 t4-BROMOFLUOROBENZENE (SURROGATE) RECOVERY :

87 t

99 I f

95 t

Reporting Limi tElevated Less Than Result- fc) : Due to sample matrix

. Due to sample quantityN - Due to sample concentration* Due to extract volum e

CERTIFICATION : MN LAB N 027-015-125 WI LAB 0 999447680 NO MICRO N 1013 -M ND WW / DW M R -040 IA LAB # : 132 IA LAB N : 02 2

MVTL guarantees the accuracy of the an al ysis done on the sample submitted for testing . It is not porsible for MVTL to guara ntee that a test result obtained on a particular sample will be the same on any other sample uokssall ooodilions affecting the sample we t h e r a mc . including sampling by MVTL, As a mutual protection to clients, the public and ourselves, all reports are submitted as the con fidential property of clients . and authorizationfor publication of statements, conclusions or extracts from or regarding our reports is rese rv ed pending our written approval.


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MINNESOTA VALLEY TESTING LABORATORIES, INC .1126 N . F r o n t S t . - New Ulm, MN 56073 - 800-782-3557 - Fax 507-359-28901411 S. 12th St . - B i s m a r c k , ND 58502 - 800-279-6885 - Fax 701-258-9724 Mama ER35 W. Li ncoln Way - Nevada, IA 50201 - 800-362- 0855 - Fax 515-382-388 5www .mvtl .com

Page : 2 of 2

Report Date : 1 Dec 06JAMES ANDERSON LAKE MICHIGAN CARFERRY Lab Number : 06-T14 4Work Order # :81-127 2PO BOX 708 Account # :LUDINGTON MI 49431 Sample Matrix : TCL P

Date Sampled :Date Received : 10 Nov 0 6Sample Description : BOTTOM ASH H49 3

SW846 Method 1311 TCLP Ext : 9 Nov 200 6SW846 - 8260 ZHE Ext : 14 Nov 200 6SW846 - 8270 SVol Ext : 16 Nov 200 6Analyte Result Action Level - mg/L Date Analyzed.-=@= tS as=xaa====saaa ====...===== ... =====m=a====sea=s =a=soma.====Benzene * 0 .0800 mg/L 0 .500 11/27/0 6Carbon Tetrachloride * 0 .0800 mg/L 0 .500 11/27/0 6Chlorobenzene < 0 .0800 mg/L 10 0 11/27/0 6Chloroform * 0 . 10 0 mg/L 6 .00 11/27/061,2-Dichloroethane * 0 .100 mg/L 0 .500 11/27/0 61,1-Dichloroethylene * 0 .100 mg/L 0 .700 11/27/0 6Methyl Ethyl Ketone * 0 .800 mg/L 200 11/27/0 61,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethylene * 0 .0800 mg/L 0 .700 11/27/0 61,1,2-Trichloroethylene * 0 .120 mg/L 0 .500 11/27/0 6vinyl Chloride * 0 .120 mg/L 0 .200 11/27/0 6-esol * 0 .0540 mg/L 20 0 11/28/06entachlorophenol * 0 .0550 mg/L 10 0 11/28/06

1,4=Dichlorobenzene * 0 .0130 mg/L 7 .5 11/28/0 62,4-Dinitrotoluene * 0 .0380 mg/L 0 .13 * 11/28/0 6Hexachlorobenzene * 0 .0180 mg/L 0 .13 * 11/28/0 6Hexachloro-1,3-Butadiene * 0 .0150 mg/L 0 . 5 11/28/06Hexachloroethane * 0 .0130 mg/L 3 11/28/06Nitrobenzene < 0 .0150 mg/L 2 11/28/06Pyridine * 0 .0550 mg/L 5 * 11/28/0 62,4,5-Trichlorophenol * 0 .0150 mg/L 400 11/28/0 62,4,6-Trichlorophenol * 0 .0150 mg/L 2 11/28/06

* If the quantitation limit is greater than the calculated regulatorylevel, the quantitation limit therefore becomes the regulatory level .2-FLUOROPHENOL (SURROGATE) RECOVERY : 62 %PHENOL-d5 (SURROGATE) RECOVERY : 41 %2,4,6-TRIBROMOPHENOL (SURROGATE) RECOVERY: 87 kNITROBENZENE (SURROGATE) RECOVERY : 85 %2-FLUOROBIPHENYL (SURROGATE) RECOVERY : 77TERPHENYL-d14 (SURROGATE) RECOVERY : 62 VDIBROMOFLUOROMETHANE (SURROGATE) RECOVERY : 99 WTOLUENE-d8 (SURROGATE) RECOVERY : 97 %4-BROMOFLUOROBENZENE (SURROGATE) RECOVERY : 95 t

Approved by :Dan O'Connell, OrganicLaboratory Manager New Ulm, MN

MINNESOTA LAB M 027-015-125 WISCONSIN LAB IO g 999447680 NORTH DAKOTA LAB ID N 1013-M IOWA CERTIFICATION 8 : 132

MVTLguarantees the accuracy of the analysis done on the sample submitted for testing . It is not possible for MVTL to X-ramtee that a test result obtained on a particular sample will be the same on any other sample unlessall conditions affecting the samp le are the same, including sa mpling by MVTL . As a mutual pro tection to clients, the public and ou rselves, all report s are submitted as the con fid ential prope rty of clients, and authorizationfor public ation of statements, conclusions or ext ra cts from or regarding our reports is rese rved pending ow wri tten approval .awr--snnnnmrtwnmvmans nvton


21/52

MINNESOTA VALLEY TESTING LABORATORIES, INC .1126 N . F r o n t S t . - New Ulm, MN 56073 - 800-782-3557 - Fax 50 7-359-28901411 S . 1 2 t h S t . - Bismarck, ND 58502 - 800-279-6885 - Fax 701-258-9724 MEMZ fi35 W. Li ncoln Way - Nev ada, 1A 50201 - 800-362-0855 - Fax 515-382-388 5www .mvtl.com

Page : 1 of 2

Report Date : 1 Dec 06Lab Number : 06-T14 5JAMES ANDERSON LAKE MICHIGAN CARFERRY Work Order : 81-1272PO BOX 708 Account # :LUDINGTON MI 49431 Sample Matrix : TCLP

Date Sampled :Sampled By :Date Received : 10 Nov 0 6

Sample Description : FLY ASHH494 Temp at Receipt : 4 . 0 C

As Received Method Method DateCAS # Result RL Reference Analyzed Analyst

NITROBENZENE (SURROGATE) RECOVERY : 92 t2-FLUOROBIPHENYL (SURROGATE) RECOVERY : 8 7TERPHENYL - dl4 (SURROGATE) RECOVERY: 80 t

2-FLUOROPHENOL (SURROGATE) RECOVERY : 53 tPHENOL-dS (SURROGATE) RECOVERY : 37 %2,4,6-TRIBROMOPHENOL (SURROGATE) RECOVERY :DIBROMOFLUOROMETHANE (SURROGATE) RECOVERY :TOLUENE - de (SURROGATE) RECOVERY : 98 t4-BROMOFLUOROBENZENE (SURROGATE) RECOVERY :

Reporting LimitElevated - Less Than Result- (


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MINNESOTA VALLEY TESTING LABORATORIES, INC .1126 N . Front St. - New Ulm, MN 56073 - 800-782-3557 - Fax 507-359-28901411 S. 12th St. - Bismarck, ND 58502 -- 800-279-6885 Fax 741-258-9724 MaMBEt35 W. Lincoln Way - Nevada, IA 50201 - 800-362-0855 - Fax 515-382-388 5www.mvti.com

Page : 2 of 2

Report Date : 1 Dec 0 6JAMES ANDERSON LAKE MICHIGAN CARFERRY Lab Number : 06-T14 5Work Order # :81-127 2PO BOX 708 Account # :LUDINGTON MI 49431 Sample Matrix : TCLP

Date Sampled :Date Received : 10 Nov 0 6

Sample Description : FLY ASH H49 4SW846 Method 1311 TCLP Ext : 9 Nov 200 6SW846 - 8260 ZHE Ext : 14 Nov 200 6SW846 - 8270 SVol Ext: 16 Nov 200 6Analyte Result Action Level - mg/L Date Analyzedsa=======x===aassaaaaa =aaaaa---ece a...=a===z=aaaaaaaa mansaaaamana-aBenzene < 0 .0800 mg/L 0 .500 11/27/0 6Carbon Tetrachloride < 0 .0800 mg/L 0 .500 11/27/0 6Chlorobenzene < 0 .0800 mg/L 100 11/27/0 6Chloroform < 0 . 10 0 mg/L 6 .00 11/27/0 61,2-Dichloroethane < 0 . 10 0 mg/L 0 .500 11/27/0 61,1-Dichloroethylene < 0 . 10 0 mg/L 0 .700 11/27/0 6Methyl Ethyl Ketone < 0 .800 mg/L 20 0 11/27/061,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethylene < 0 .0800 mg/L 0 .700 11/27/0 61,1,2-Trichloroethylene < 0 .120 mg/L 0 .500 11/27/0 6Vinyl Chloride < 0 .120 mg/L 0 .200 11/27/0 6resol < 0 .0540 mg/L 20 0 11/28/0 6antachlorophenol < 0 .0550 mg/L 10 0 11/28/0 61,4-Dichlorobenzene < 0 .0130 mg/L 7 . 5 11/28/0 62,4-Dinitrotoluene < 0 .0380 mg/L 0 .13 * 11/28/0 6Hexachlorobenzene < 0 .0180 mg/L 0 .13 * 11/28/0 6Hexachloro-1,3-Butadiene < 0 .0150 mg/L 0 .5 11/28/0 6Hexachloroethane < 0 .0130 mg/L 3 11/28/0 6Nitrobenzene < 0 .0150 mg/L 2 11/28/0 6Pyridine < 0 .0550 mg/L 5 * 11/28/0 62,4,5-Trichlorophenol < 0 .0150 mg/L 400 11/28/0 62,4,6-Trichlorophenol < 0 .0150 mg/L 2 11/28/0 6

* If the quantitation limit is greater than the calculated regulatorylevel, the quantitation limit therefore becomes the regulatory level .2-FLUOROPHENOL (SURROGATE) RECOVERY : 5 3PHENOL-d5 (SURROGATE) RECOVERY : 37 %2,4,6-TRIBROMOPHENOL (SURROGATE) RECOVERY : 11 1NITROBENZENE (SURROGATE) RECOVERY : 92 %2-FLUOROBIPHENYL (SURROGATE) RECOVERY : 87 $TERPHENYL-d14 (SURROGATE) RECOVERY : 80 $DIBROMOFLUOROMETHANE (SURROGATE) RECOVERY : 99 $TOLUENE-d8 (SURROGATE) RECOVERY : 98 % ;4-BROMOFLUOROBENZENE (SURROGATE) RECOVERY : 94

Approved by : Dan O'Connell, OrganicLaboratory Manager New Ulm, MN

MINNESOTA LAB N 027 - 015-125 WISCONSIN LAB ID N 999117680 NORTH DAXOTA LAB ID N 1013-M IOWA CERTIFICATION N : 132

MVTLgua rantees the accuracy of the analysis done on the sample submitted for testing. It is not possible fo r M VTL no guara ntee theta test result obtained on a pa rt icular sample will be the same on any other sample unlessall conditions affecting the sample are the same, including sampling by M V T L . Asa mutual protection to clients, the public and ourselves . all reports are submitted as the confidential property of clients. and authorizationfor publication of statements, cond . . ...or ext ra cts from or regarding our reports is reserved pending our written approval ...NT A.D00TT----I-


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Analytical Laboratory Reportralstmw~rec, Inc. '

Sample Summary (2 samples )Sample ID Sample Tag Matrix Col lected Date/T ime$37881,01 LMC B ot tom Ash Solid 08/13/2008537981 .02 LMC Fly Ast i Solid 08/13 1 2008

Report to ASI rz nvironmental Tech, Page 2 of 6 Report ID ; 537881 .01(01 )Project : Lake M I Carferry Generated on 09!0412008


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~Merit~ra bo"yoism I nc .

Analytical Laboratory Report

Lab Sample ID : 537981 .0 1Sample Tag: LMC Bot tom AshCollected Date/Time : 0811312008Matrix: SolidCOO Reference : 043094Sample Containers# Ty pe1 Plas ti c Bag

Preservati ve(s )None

Refrigerated ?Yes

Arrival Tem p . (C) Thermomete r #n /a n/ aAnalysis Results Units ROL Method Run Date/Time Analys t L imi ts FlagExtrac6on1propMe rcury Digest ion Completed 7470A 09104/08 11 :00 JR TMetal Digestion Completed M15A 09/04108 12:00 SL STCLP Zero Headspace Ex t . Completed 1311 09/02/0814:44 W ARTCLP/SPLP BN A Ext rac tion Completed 3510C 09/0310823 :44 E M RTCLP Extractio nInital Sample pH 9.89 1311 09/02/08 16 :00 W A RpH after 3 .5 ml HCl 1 .70 1311 0810210818 :00 W A R% Solids 100 1311 0910210816 :00 W A RSample Used g 40 1311 09/ 02 1 08 16 :00 W A RFinal Volum e m L 800 1311 09/02108 16,00 W A RTCLP Extraction Fluid 1 1311 04 102108 16 ;0 0 W ARFinal Ex tract pH 5 .13 1311 09102108 16 :00 W A RInorganicsReactive Cyanide No t d e t e c t e d mg /k g 1 .5 90108 09/03/08 11 :10 JDPReactive Sul fi de Not detected mg/kg 5 90308 09103108 09 :40 J D PTotal Solids 100 % 1 Std M 2540 B 09102108 11 ;45 DJ smetalsArsenic, TCLP N ot detected mg/L 0 .01 6020 09/04/08 13:19 SLS 5 . 0Barium, TCLP 017 mg/L 0 .05 6020 09/04/08 13:19 SLS 10 0 .0Cadmium, TCLP N ot de te cte d m g/L 0 .005 6020 09104/08 13 :19 SLS 1 . 0Chromium, TCLP Not detected mg/L 0 .05 6020 09104/08 13 :19 SL S 5 . 0Lead, TCLP Not detected mg/L 0 .03 6020 09104/08 13 :18 SL S 5 . 0Mercury, TOLD N ot de te cte d m g/L 0 .0002 7471A 0910410814 :31 J R T 0 . 2Selenium, TCLP Not detected mg/L 0 .05 6020 09/0410813 :19 SL S 1 . 0Silver, TCLP N ot detected mg/L 01005 6020 09104/08 13 :19 SL S 5 . 0Organics - Semi-VolafifssTCLP Semi Volatita sa-Cresol Not detected u 9 1 1 - 1,000 8270C 0910410812,25 ARH 200,000p,m -Cresol N ot detected ug/L 1,000 8270C 09104/08 12 :25 AR H 200,000Pentachtorophenol Not detected ug/L 1,000 8270C 09/04108 12 :25 AR H 100,0002,4,5-Trichlorophenol Not detected ug/L 1,000 8270C 0810410812 :25 AR H 400,0002,4,6-Trichlorophenol Not detected ug/L 11000 82700 0910410812 .25 AR H 2,0002,4-Dinitrotoluene Not detected ug/L 00 8270C 09!04/0812:25 AR M 130Hexachlorobenzen e Not detect ed ug/L 90 8270C 09104/08 12 :25 AR H 130Hexachlo robutadiene Not detected ug/L 100 8270C 09104/08 12 :25 AR H 50 0Hexachloroethane Not detected ug/L 100 8270C 09!0410812 :25 AR H 3,000 RN it robenzene Not detected ug/L 100 82700 09104108 12 :25 AR H 2,000 RH-Sample sub mitted and run outside of holding t imeR-Preliminary resultReport to ASI Environmental Tech. Page 3 of 6 Rep ort ID : 537981 -0 1(01Project; lake M I Carferry Generated on 09104/200 8


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~Merit~ A na ly tica l Labora tory Repo r tLab Sample ID : 537981 .02 (oont inued )Sample Tag : LMC Fly As hAnalysis R esults Units RDL Method Run Datelrime Analyst Limts FlaOrganics - Semi-Volatiles (continued}TC LP Semi Volatiles (continued )2,4,6-Trichlorophenol Not detected ug/L 1 , 0 0 0 8270C 09/04/08 12 :4 4 AR H 2,0002,4 -D in itrotoluene N ot detected ug/L 90 8270C 09/04/08 12 :44 AR H 130H exachlorobenzene N ot detected ug/L 90 8270C 09!04/08 12 :44 ARH 130H exachlorobutad iene N ot detected ug/L 1 0 0 8270C 09/04108 12 :44 AR H 500Hexachloroethane N ot de te cte d u glL i 0 0 8270C 09/04/08 12:44 AR H 3,000Nitrobenzene Not detected ug/L 100 8270C 09/04/OB 12 :44 AR H 2,000Pyridine Not detected ug/L 100 82700 09/04/08 12 :44 AR H 5,000O r g a n ics - Vo la t i le sTCLP VolatilesBenzene N ot detected ug/L 100 8260B 09/03/08 70 :07 J G H 50 0Carbon te trachloride N ot detected ug/L 100 8260B 09103108 20 :07 J G H 50 0Chlorobenzene Not detected ug/L 100 82609 09103/08 20 :07 J G H 100,000Chloroform Not detected ug/L 100 82608 0 9 ! 0 3 / 0 8 20: 0 7 J G H 6,0001,4-Dichtorobenzene Not detected ug/L 100 82608 09/03/08 20:07 J G H 7,5001,2-D ichloroethane Not detected ug/L 100 826013 09/03/08 20:07 JGH 5001,1-Dichtoroethene Not detected ug/L 100 82603 09103/08 20:07 J G H 70 02-13utonone (MEK) Not detected ug/L 1 , 0 0 0 82608 09/03/08 20:07 J G H 200,000Tetrachloroethene N ot detected ug/L 1 0 0 82608 09103/08 20 :07 JGH 700Trichloroethene Not detected ug/L 1 0 0 8260E 09/03108 20 :07 J G H 50 0V iny l chloride N ot detected ug/L 1 0 0 82608 09103/08 20 :07 J G H 200R-Preliminary resul tH-Sample submit t ed and run outs ide of ho ld ing t ime

Report to ASI Environmental Tech . Page 6 of 6 Report ID : $37981 .01(01Project : Lake MI Carfeny Generated on 09104/200 8


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30/52

~Merit~ nalytical Laboratory ReportReport ID, S38297 .01(01)Generated on 09/30/200 8Re ort toAttention . Dave WarnerASI Environmental Tech .410 East Dowland StreetLudington, MI 4943 1Phone : 231.845 .0371 FAX: 231 .845-0426E mail : d a v ewa mer @ a s ienvironmenta l .c om

_Report Summ a ryLab Sample 10(s) : $38287 .01Project LMC Coal AshCollected Date : 0 9 1 18 1 20 08Submitted Date/Time ; 09/24/2008 08,00Sampled by! Charles Ca rtP.O . #.

Report NotesResu lts relate only to i tems tested as received by the laboratory .Methods m ay be modi f ied for improved performance .Results reported on a dry we ight basis where applicable ."Not detected" indicates that parameter was not found at a level equal to or greater than the RDL .Report shall not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of Merit Laboratories .

V i o l f 04madvioletta F, MurshakLaboratory Director

Report to ASI Environmental Tech . Page i of 3 Repo rt ID- S38297 .01(01)Project : LMC Coal Ash Generated on 09/30/2008

Report produced byMerit Laboratories2680 East Lansing DriveEast Lansing, MI 48823Phone : (617)$32-0-167 FAX : (517) 332-6333


31/52

< Merit~ nalytical Laboratory Reportr~tm~m~, t~ .Sample Summary (i samples)Sa mpl e IQ Samp l e Tag Matrix Col le c t e d D a t e /T ime538297.0 1 LMC Coal Ash Ash 09/1 8 1 2008 21 :3 0

Repor t to ASI E nv i r onm en t a l Tech . Page 2 of 3 Report Ib : 538297.01(01Project ; LMC Coal Ash Generated on 09/3012008


32/52

f Merit sr.a4uenear;ca , r ~ ~ .


Lab Sample ID : 538297 .01Sample Tag ; LMC Coal AshCollected Dateh ' ime ; 09/1812008 21 :30Matrix : A s hCOC R eference : 5081 1Sample Container s# Type Presevative(s) Refrigerated? Arrival Temp . (C) _ Thermometer #2 32oz Glas s

Analysis

rNoneResults

Ye sUnits

4 . 5RD L Method

IRRun D ate/Time Analys t CAS 8 Fla

4KIra0Gan / Prep.Mercury Digest ion Completed 7471A 09126/08 12 :00 JR TMe tal Digest ion Completed 30505 09129108 12 ;00 SL SPNA Extraction Completed 35608 09/25108 19 :38 EMRInorganicspH 8182 STD Units 0 .1 9046D 09122108 16 :53 WA RMetalsArsenic 4 .42 mg/kg 0 .10 6020 09/29/08 14 :38 SL S 7440 .38.2Barium 56 .3 mg/kg 1 .0 6020 09/26/08 14 :38 SL S 7440-39-3Cadmium Not detected mg/kg 0 .20 6020 09/29/08 14 :38 $L S 7440-43-9Chromium N o t d e t e c t e d mg/kg 1 .0 6020 09/29108 14 :38 SLS 7440 .47- 3L e a d 0 .56 mg/kg 0.50 6020 09129108 14 :38 SL S 7439-92- 1Mercury Not detected mglkg 0.050 747iA 09/26/08 15 :58 J R T 7439.97 .6Selenium 0 .2 7 mg/kg 0.20 6020 09129/08 14 :38 SLS 7782-49.2Silver Not dete ct e d mglkg 0.10 5020 09129/08 14 :38 SL S 7440-22-4Organics - Semi-Vo/atllesPolynuclear A romatic sAcenaphthene Not detected ug/kg 300 8270C 09/26108 15 :54 A R H 83 .32-AAcenaphthylene Not detected ug/kg 300 82700 09/26108 15 :54 A R H 208-96-8Anthracene Not detected ug/kg 300 8270C 09/26!0815 :54 AR H 120-12-7Benzo(a)anthracene Not detected ug/kg 300 8270C 09/26108 15 :54 AR H 56-55-3Senzo(8)pyrene Not detected ug/kg 300 8270C 09/26/08 15:54 ARH 50-32-8Benzo(b)f luoranthene Not detected ug/kg 300 8270C 09/26108 15 :54 AR H 205-99.2Benzo(k)f luoranthens N ot d ete cte d u g/k g 300 82700 09126/08 15 :54 AR H 207-08-9Senzo(ghi)perylene Not detected ug/kg 300 8270C 09/26/08 15 :54 AR H 191-24-2Chrysene N ot de te cte d u g/k g 300 8270C 09/2810815,54 AR H 218-01.9Dibanzo( ah)anthracane Not detected u9/kg 300 82700 09/26108 15 :54 AR H 53-70-3Fluoranthene Not detected uglkg 300 8270C 09/25/08 15 :54 AR H 206-44-0Fiuorene Not detected ug/kg 300 82700 09/26/08 15 :54 AR H 86 .73-7i n d e n o ( 1 , 2 , 3 - c d ) p y r e n e Not detected uglkg 300 $270C 09/26108 15 :54 ARH 193-39-5Naphthalene Not detected ug/kg 300 8270C 09/2610815:54 AR H 91-20-3Phenanthrene Not detected uglkg 300 8270C 09/26108 15 :54 AR H 85-01-8Pyrene Not detected ug/kg 300 82700 09126/08 15 :54 ARH 129-00-02-Methyinaphthalene 300 uglkg 300 8270C 09126/08 15 :54 AR H 91-57.61-Mothyinaphthalene Not detected ug/kg 30 0 82700 09/26/08 15 :54 AR H 90-12-0T-No correction for total solids

Report to ASI Environmental Tech . Page 3 of 3 Report 03 : $38297.01(01Pro ject LMC Coal Ash Generated on 09 1 30 1 20 08


33/52

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34/52

Merit nalytical Laboratory Report Supp lemen ta l Rep~so.wwriw, rnCReport IQ : 538249,01(02)Generated on 09/291200 8Replaces report &36249 . 01(01) generated on 4912612008Report toA t t ention: Dave Wa rnerASI Environmental Tech .4101 East Dowiand StreetLudington, MI 4943 1Phone: 23-1-845-0371 FAX: 231-845-042 0E mail : davewamer@asienvironmental .co m

Repor t produced by

M erit l-aboratone s2680 East Lansing DriveEast Lansing, MI 48823Phone : (517) 332-0167 FA X : (517) 332-633 3

Report SummaryLab Sample ID(s): S38249.01-538249 .02Project . LMC Ash & Surface H2OCollected Date : 09/17/2008 .0911812008Submitted Date[Time : 09/19/2008 10 :00Sampled by : Jonathan Mauchma rP .Q . # :

Report Note sResu lts relate only to i tems tested as received by the laboratory .Me thods may be modi f ied for improved performance .Resu lts reported on a dry weight basis where applicable ."Not detected" Indicates that pa ra me t er was not found at a level equal to or greater than the RDL.Report shall not be reproduced except in ful , without the written approval of Merit Laboratories ,

V io /094 !,dVioletta F. MurshakLaboratory Directo r

Report to ASI Environmental Tech . Page 1 of 4 Rep ort ID : 538249.01(02Project : LMC Ash & Surface H2O Generated on 09 1 29/200


35/52

Analytical Laboratory Report Supplemental Rep

Sample Summary (2 samples)Sample ID Sample Tag Marixr Collected Datelrlm eS38249 .01 LMCLSWS-1 Surface Water 0911712008 0 8 :0 7538248 .02 LMC-LSWS-2 Surface W ater 0919 812008 08 ;15

Report to ASI t5nvironmental Tech . Page 2 of 4 Repo rt ID: 538249 .01(02Project : LMC A sh & Surface H2O Generated on 0 8 1 2 9 1 2008


36/52

~Merit~ nalytical Laboratory Report Supp lement a l Reporalmnuorica, l .i a

Lab Sample ID : 538249 .0 1Sample Tag ; LMC-LSWS- 1Collacted Date/Time ; 09/17/2008 08 :0 7Matrix : Surface Wate rCOC R eference : 5081 3Sample Container s# Type Preserv alive(s) e frigerate d? rrival T em p . (C) hermo m e te r #2 1 L Amber Non e

1 1 L Plastic Non e1 125mt Plast ic H N 0 3

Ye sYe sYe s

4 . 14 . 14 . 1

I RI RI R

Analysis Results Units RDL Method Run Datalfime Analyst CAS # FlaEdractlon /Prep.Mercury Digestion Completed 7470A 09 1 23/08 10 :3 0 JRTMetal D igest ion Completed 3015A 09/26/08 12 ;00 SLSPNA Extraction Completed 35100 09/22108 21 .02 E M IRInorganicsTotal Suspended Solids 1 mg/L 1 2540 D 09/19 / 08 17:00 DJSMetalsArsenic Not detected mg/L 0 . 0 0 1 200.8 09126108 13 :55 SLS 7440 .38.2Ba rium 0 .032 mg/L 0 .005 200 .8 09/28/08 13 :55 SL S 744 0-39- 3Cadmium Not detected mg/L 0 .0005 20 0 .8 09 1 26/08 13:55 SL S 744043, 9Chromium Not detected mg/L 0 .005 20 0 .8 09128/0813:55 SL S 744 0-4 7- 3Lead Not detected mg/L 0.003 200.8 09/26 1 08 13:55 SL S 7439-92- 1Mercury Not detected mgiL 0.0002 245 .1 091 23/08 15 :00 J RT 7439-97 .6Selenium N ot de t e c t ed mg/L 0.005 200 .8 09120/08 13:55 SLS 7782 .49-2Silver No t de te cte d m g/L 0.0005 200.8 09126/08 13 .55 SLS 7440-22- 4Drganics - semi-VoletilesPotynuclear A romatic Hydrocarbo nAcenaphthene Not detected ug/L 5 82700 09123/08 21,23 AR H 83 .32. 9ftenaphthylene Not detected ug/L 5 8270C 09/231 08 21 ;2 3 AR H 208-96-8Anthracene Not detected ug/L 5 8270C 091 23108 21 :23 AR H 12 0 .12-7Benzo(a)an thracene Not de tected ug/L S 6 2 - t o r , 09/23/08 21 :23 AR H 56-55-3eanro(a)pyrerie Not detected ug/L 5 8270C 09/23/08 21 :23 AR H 50-32-88enzo(b)Ruoran thene Not de tected ug/L 5 82700 09/23/08 21 :23 AR H 205-99. 2Senzo(k )fluoran thene Not dete ct ed ug/L 5 8270C 09/23/08 21 :23 AR H 207-08- 9Benzo(ghi)perylsne Not detected ug/L 5 82700 09/23/08 21 :23 AR H 191-24-2Chrysene Not detected ug/L 5 82700 09 1 23/08 21:23 AR H 218.01-9Dibenzo(ah)anthra c e ne Not detected ug/L 5 8270C 09123108 21 :23 AR H 53-70- 3Fluoranthene Not detected ug/L 5 82700 09/23108 21:23 AR H 208-44.0Fluorene Not detected ug/L 5 82700 091 23/08 21:23 AR H 86.73- 7indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene Not detected ug/L 5 8270C 09/23/08 21 :23 AR H 193-39- 5Naphtha lene Not detected ug/L 5 82700 09/23 1 08 21:23 AR H 91-20.3Phenanthrene Not detected ug/L 5 8270C 091 23/08 21:23 AR H 85-01-8Pyrene Not detected ug/L 5 8270C 09 1 23/06 21 ;2 3 AR H 12 9 .00- 02-M ethy lnaphthatene N ot detected ug1L 5 8270C 09/23108 21 :23 AR H 91-57-61-Methylnaphthatene Not d e t e c t e d ug/L 5 8270C 09/23/08 21 :23 AR H 90-12-0

Report to ASI Environmental Tech . Page 3 of 4 Report ID, S38249 .01(02)Project : LM C Ash & Surface H2O Generated on 09/29 1 20 08


37/52

~M~ Analytical Laboratory Rep ort Supplemental Rep[abOm~oric4 ]uc-

Lab Sample ID : S38249 .02Sample Tag : LMC-LSWS-2Collected Date/Time : 09/1812008 081 5Matrix : Surface Wate rCOC Reference ; 5081 3Sample Containers# Type Preservative(5) Refrigerated? Arrival Tem p . (C) Thermometer #2 11- Amber Non e

1 1 L Plastic Non e1 125m1 Ptaetic H N 0 3Analysis ____ Resul ts

Y e sY e sY e sUnits

4 . 14 . 14 . 1RDL ethod

I RI RIR

Run Date/T ims nalyst CAS # _ Fla;Extraction /Prop .Mercu r y Diges ti on Co mpleted 7470A 09/2310810:30 JRTMetal Digestion Completed 3015A 0912610812 :00 SLSPNA Ex tract ion Completed 35100 09/22/08 21 :02 EMRInorganicsTotal Suspended Solids 6 mg/L 1 2540 D 09119/08 17:00 DJsMetalsArsenic Not detected mg/L 0 1 0 0 1 20 0 .8 09125/0814 :15 SLS 7440 .38-2Barium 0 .032 mg/L 0.005 200 .8 09/2610814 :15 SLS 7440-39-3Cadmium Not detected mg/L 0 .0005 20 08 09/26/08 14 :15 SL S 7440-43-9Chromium Not detected mg/L 0.005 200.8 09126/0814:15 SLS 7440 .4 7 .3Lead Not detected mg/L 0,003 200.8 09!26/0814 :15 SL S 7439-92- 1Mercury N o t d e t e c t e d mg/L 0 . 0002 245 .1 09/23/08 15 :02 J R T 7439-97-6Selenium N ot d ete cte d m g/L 01005 200 .8 0912610814 :15 SLS 7782-49-2Silver Not detected mg/L 0 .0005 200 .8 09126/08 14 :15 SLS 7440-22-4Organics - Semi-VolatileaPotynuclaar Aromatic Hydrocarbo nAoenaphthene Not detected ug/L 5 8270C 09123/08 21 :44 AR H 8932.9Acenaphthylene Not detected ug/L 5 8270C 09123/08 21 ;44 AR H 208-96- 8Anthracene Not detected ug/L 5 8270C 09/23108 21 :44 AR H 120-12- 7Benzo(a)anthracene Not detected ug/L 5 8270C 09/23/08 21 :44 AR M 56-55 .3Benzo(a)pyrene Not detected ug/l . 5 8270C 09123/08 21 :44 AR H 50-32-8Benzo(b)8uoranthene N ot de tected ug/L 5 8270C 09/23108 21 :44 AR H 205 .99.2Benzo(k)f luoranthene Not detected ug/L 5 8270C 09123106 2144 ARH 207-08-9B enz o (ghl)peryiene Not detected ug/L 5 82700 09/23/08 21 :44 AR H 191-24-2Chrysene N ot de tected ug/L 5 82700 09/23/08 21 :44 AR H 21 8 .01-9Dibenzo(ah)anthracene Not detected ug/L 5 82700 09/23/08 21 ;4 4 AR H 53-70-3Fluoranthene Not detected ug/L 5 8270C 09123108 21 :44 AR H 208-44.0Fluorehe Not detected ug/L 5 8270C 09/23108 21 :44 AR H 86-73- 7I n d e n o (i ,2,3-cd )pyrene Not detected ug/L 5 8270C 09123108 21 :44 AR H 193-39-5Naphtha l ene Not detected ug/L 5 82700 09/23/08 21 :44 AR H 91-20-3Phenanthrene Not detected ug/L 5 8270C 09123/08 21 :44 AR H 85-01-8Pyrene Not detected ug/L 6 82700 09/23108 21 :44 AR H 129-00- 02-Methylnaphthalene Not detected ug/L 5 8270C 09/23108 21 :4 4 A RH 91-57-61-Methylnaphthalene Not detected ug/L 5 8270C 09123108 21A4 AR H 90-12-0

Report to ASI Environmenta l Tech . Page 4 of 4 Report 10 : S38249.01(0Project: LMC Ash & Surface H2O G e n e r a t e d o n 0 9 / 2 9 1 2 0 0


38/52

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39/52


deport produced byMerit Laboratorie s2680 East Lansing DriveEast Lansing, MI 48823Phone : (517) 332-0167 FAX : (511) 332-6333

Phone : 231-845 -0371 FAX : 231-845-0426E mail : jonathanmauchmar@ asienvironmentai .c o m

Report SummaryLab Sample ID(s) : $38296,01Project : LMC A sh & Surface H2OCollected Date : 09/19/2008Submit ted D aterf ime: 09/24/2008 08 :00Sampled by : Jonathan M auchma rP .O . # :

Report NotesResults relate only to i tems tested as received by the laboratory .Methods may be modified for improved performance ,Results reported on a dry we ight basis where applicable ."Not detected" indicat" that parameter was not found at a level equal to or greater than the RL .Report shall not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of Merit Laboratories ,

~ io /0 # 4 f XVioletta F . MurshakLaborato r y Director

Rep ort ID: $3829$ .01(01)Generated on 10102 120 0 8Repor t toAttent ion Jon MauchmarAS[ Environmental Tech .410 East Dowland StreetLudington, MI 4943 1

Report to ASI Fnvlronm entai Tech . Page 1 of 3 Report ID : 538296 .01(01 )Protect : LMC Ash & Surface H 2 O Generated on 10102/2008


40/52

~Merit~~ .0 4 & ' r . Analytical Laboratory Report

Sample Summary (1 samples )Sample ID Sample Tag Matrix Collected Dateffime538296.0 1 LMC-LSWS-3 Storm Water 0911912008 08 :1 2

Repo rt t o A & En v i r o n m e n t a l Tech. Page 2 of 3 Repor t ID : 538296 . 0 1 (01Project : LMC Ash & Surface H2O Generated on 10/021 2008


41/52

Analytical Laboratory ReportYAomtolim, roc .

Lab Sample ID : S38296 .0 1Sample Tag : LMC-i-SWS-3Collected Date/Time : 09119/2008 08 :1 2Matrix : Storm Wate rCOC R eference : 5081 2Sample Container s# Type Preservative(s) Refrigerated? Arrival Temp, (C) Thermometer It2 1 L Amber Non e1 1 L Plastic Non e1 125ml plastic HN03Analysis Resul ts

YesYeaYes

units

4 . 54 . 54 . 5

RL e t h o d

I RI RIR

Run Date/Time nalyst CAS # la15x1raatf~/ -Mercury Digestion Completed 7470A 09124/08 11 :30 JRTMetal Digestion Completed 3015A 09126108 12 :00 SLSPNA Extraction Completedinorganics

3510C 09126/08 23:15 EMR

Total Suspended Solids 2Metals

mg/L 1 2 5 4 0 D 09/24108 16 :00 DJs

Arsenic Not detected mg/L 0 .001 200.8 09126/08 14 :43 SL S 7440 .38.2Barium 0.030 mg/L 0.005 200.8 09126108 14 :43 SL S 7440-39- 3Cadmium Not detected mg/L 0 .0005 100.8 09/26108 14 :4 3 SLS 7440-43-9Chromium Not detected mg/l- 0 .005 200.8 09/26/08 14 :43 SLS 7440-47-3Lead Not detected mg/L 0 .003 200 .8 09/26/08 14 :43 SLS 7439-92- 1Mercury N ot de t e c t ed mg/L 0 .0002 24 5 .1 09/24108 15:03 J R T 7499-97-8Selenium Not detected mg/L 0 .005 200 .8 09/26108 14 :4 3 SLS 7782 . 4 9 - 2Silver Not detected mg/L 0 .0005 200 .8 09/26108 14 :4 3 $ L$ 7440-22-4Organics - Semi-VolatflesPolynuclear Aromat ic Hydrocarbo nAcenaphthene Not detected ug/L 5 8270C 09/30108 13 :2 0 AR H 83.32.9Acenaphthy lene Not detected ug/L 5 8270C 09/30/08 13:20 AR H 208-96- 8Anthracene Not detected uglL 5 82700 09130/0813:2 0 AR H 120-12- 7Benzo( a)anthra ce ne N ot d ete cte d ug/L 5 8270C 09/30/08 13:20 AR H 56-55.3Benzo(a)pyrene Not detected ug/L 5 8270C 09130/08 13:20 AR H 50-32-8Benzo(b)fiuoranthene N ot d ete cte d ug/L 5 8270C 09/30108 13:20 A RH 20 5-99-2genzo(k)t luoranthene Not detected ug/L 5 8270C 09130108 13 :20 ARM 207-08-9Benzo (ghi)perylene Not detected ug/L 5 82700 09130/08 13:20 ARH 191-24 . 2Chrysene Not detected ug/L 5 8270C 09/30/08 13 :20 AR H 21 8 .01-9Dlbenzo(ah)anthracene Not detected ug/L 5 8270C 09/30/08 13:20 AR H 53-70-3Fluoranthene Not detected ug/L 5 82700 09/30/08 13 :20 AR H 20644- 0Fluorene Not detected ug/L 5 8270C 09/30108 13 :20 AR H 86.73.7I n d e n o ( 1 , 2 , 3 - c d ) p y r s n e Not detected uglL 5 8270C 09/30108 13 :20 AR H 1 9 3 - 3 9 -5Naphtha lene Not detected ug/L 5 82700 09/30/08 13 :20 AR H 91-20-3Phenanthrene Not detected u9/L 5 82700 09/30/08 13 :20 AR H . 85 .01-8Pyrene Not detected ug/L 5 82700 09/3010813 :20 AR H 129-00-02-Methylnaphthalene Not detected ugh- 5 82700 09/3010813 :20 AR M 91-67. 61-Methyinaphthalene Not detected u g 1 1 - 5 8270C 09/30106 13 :20 A RH 90 -12-0

Report to ASI Environmental Tech . Page 3 of 3 Rep ort ID . S38296 .01(01Project : LMC A sh 8 Surface H2O Generated on 1 0102/2 0 0


42/52

Merit]abaravvia. W.

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ATTACHMENT 2


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i , J wcw

B Vesse[Cfitkafftofifi!Name/ BADGER Primary VIN/ 265156 Call/ WB D 4 889 F l a g / U S

Alt VIN's Type265156 O fficial Number (U .S .)50335&3 IMCt Number5300348 ABS Numbe r- - -Involved Parties

NameUNITED STATES 8330 3 1MWHIGAN:TR , AK S LAK E


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Jul6UU !

Document Activity # Agency Port Issued Expires Sta tu sCertificate of 2 9 0 9 3 7 9 U S CG Marine Safety 1OMay2007 IOMay2 0 0 8 Is sued /Effect;pection Unit Chicago. iass ificat ion American Hous ton , Tx 0 3Nov2 0 0 3 2 9 N ov2 0 0 & VALIDDocume nt Bu re a u of SLoad Line Ame rica n Houston, TX 15Jan2004 290ct2008 VALIDCertificate Bureau of S(Coas twise )Stabi l i ty Letter . , Ma rine Sa f e ty I 4 M a p 1 9 6 4 . VALIDVessel U S C G Cente rM S C 13May2 0 0 4 13M ay2 0 0 9 VALIDSecurity Pla nApprovalLette rVeset SECs SC : 3May26k 3 M a W y 2 ( ALIDSecurity Plai t .

4

---Hull and Re - inspections---Internal Structural Next Due Date/DryDock Next Due Date/ 31Oct2008Wood Keel Bolt Next Due Date/

---Open Cases---Total Cases/ 21. Case #/ 349380 Orig Port/ SFO GrndHvn Open Dt/ 15May200 7Title/ M Equipment Failure/BADGER/ Ludington 00 00 . 0 S 0 0 0 0 0 .0 W/151418ZMAY07

Activities involved/ 2931307 and 2937021 and 293719 1S tatus/ Open - In ProgressCase Description/ M/V Badger notified Station Ludington of machinery failure . The cause of the failure is believed tbe from the Continues blows root valve . The valve released s t e a m from the boiler system and injured the second en (SeeNotification Incident Description)2 . Case #/ 348403 Orig Port/ SEC LkMichgn Open DtJ 09May2007Title/ M Pollution - Hazardous Material/SS Badger/ Pier Marquette Lake, Ludington MI. /092000ZMAY07Activities involved/ 2926406 and 293299 1S tatus/ Open - In Progres sCase Description/ During a Coast Guard inspection, while activating the sprinkler system the SS Badger spilled somerun off into the lake which created a sheen on the pier Marquette Lake . The sheen consisted of painted asphalt from t (SeNotification Incident Description)

---All Open Activities---Total Open Activities/ 71 . Activity #/ 2970215 Orig Port/ MSU Chicago O wner Port / MSU Chicago Start Dt / 22Jun2007Role Type/ Subject to Ma rine Inspect ion Activity Type/ Ves se l Inspec t ion/PS CActivity Subtypes/ ADMI NStatus / O pen - Returned for Revis ion D a t e S t a tu s La s t C hang ed / 17Jul2 0 0 7

LMCF00183

Dept . of Hemeland Sec., USCG (Rev 9- 2 7 000)(v2) Page 2 of 9


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Notes (Truncated)/ Received inquiry into SS Badger Ash discharge into Lake Michigan from Mr . Stephan Fabian(Wisconsin DNR environmental crimes) . Mr . Fabian was researching if the vessel was authorized to discharge .ntacted Mr . Bob Manglitz CEO of Lake Michigan Car ferry (Badger) . Also Contacted LCDR Firing D9 M . Per 40.~R 122 .3 vessel is permitted to discharge ash in the waters of the Great Lakes . See2 . Activity #/ 2932991 Orig Port/ SFO GrndHvn Owner Port/ SFO GrndHvn Start Dt/ 17May2007Role Type/ Acknowledged Pollution Source Activity T ype/ Incident Investigatio nStatus/ Open - In Progress Date Status Last Changed/ 17May2007Notes (T runcated)/

3. Activity #/ 2937191 Orig Port/ SFO GrndHvn Owner Port/ MSU Chicago Start Dt/ 15May2007Ro le Type/ Involved in a Marine Casualty Activity T ype/ Incident Investigatio nStatus/ Open - In Progress Date Status Last Changed/ 15May2007Notes (Truncated)/4 . Activity #/ 2833663 Orig Port/ SEC LkMichgn Owner Port/ COMDT 3PCA Start Dt/ 22Sep2006Role Type/ Involved in a Marine Casualty Activity T ype/ Incident Investigatio nStatus/ Open - Submitted for Review Date Status Last Changed/ 28Feb2007Notes (Truncated)/5. Activity #/ 2486622 Orig Port/ MSD GrndHvn Owner Port/ MSD GrndHvn Start Dt/ 07Sep2005Role Type/ Involved in a Mar

Documents

SS Badger Ferry statement to EPA - docket 1010-EPA-HQ-OW-2008-0055-0432.1