SQL SERVER Booklet 11internshipinchennai.in/assets/pdf/SQL Server11.pdf · SQL Server agent plays an important role in the day-to-day tasks of a database administrator (DBA). It is

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SQL Server Interview Questions Page 1

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SQL SERVER –

Booklet 11 - Gives you the interview tip SQL Server



KaaShiv InfoTech

Welcomes you to the Expert Voice Corner

Mr.J.Venkatesan Prabu

Venkatesan Prabu Jayakantham (venkat) has more than 8 years

experience in the Microsoft Technologies such as VB.Net, ASP.Net, C#.net,

SSIS, SSAS, ADO.Net, etc., He is the Managing Director of KAASHIVINFOTECH

(http://www.kaashivinfotech.com/),a software company in Chennai. Before

that, he worked in HCL Technologies (India and Australia) for six years as

Project Lead. As a service motive, Venkat contributed more than 700 articles

which is read by the developers in 170 countries (400 developers per day)

(http://venkattechnicalblog.blogspot.com/). Aligned with KaaShiv InfoTech’s

mission,he met more than 20,000 young minds and spreaded Microsoft

Technologies / Career guidance programs. Venkat won many awards in his

career, which includes Prestigious Microsoft MVP (Most Valuable Professional)

award for the years 2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013 and won many awards.

List of other awards in his career,

Microsoft certified Smart .Net Candidate in 2004

Most valuable member for dotnetspider site in 2007



HCL SQL Subject Matter expert (SME - SQL Server) for the year

(2008,2009)

HCL Special contribution award winner on Dotnet skills for year(2008)

HCL SQL Knowledge Champion for the year 2009

MindCracker MVP on SQLServer –2010 for the year 2010,2011

INETA champion - Gold Member – 2010 for the year 2010 HCL Service

Contribution Award for the year 2010

Leading Lights "Rising Star" award from Common Wealth Bank,

Australia for the year 2010

TECHNICAL CERTIFICATION

Cisco certified Network Associate (CCNA) – 2004

Microsoft Certified Application Developer (MCAD) – 2005

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to thank my family members for their support and

encouragement. Without their support it would be impossible for me to

publish this e-book. I would also like to thank my KaaShiv InfoTech team for

their support to publish this e-book.

DISCLAIMER

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be copied, adapted,

abridged or stored in any retrieval system, computer system, photographic or

other system or transmitted in any form or by any means

without the prior written permission of the copyright holders.

Any breach will entail legal action and permission without

further notice.



1.Why we cannot use column alias in where clause but we can use it in order by clause

of select statement in sql server?

For example, it is incorrect to write:

SELECT Roll_No AS Id From Student WHERE Id > 1

While it correct:

SELECT Roll_No AS Id From Student ORDER BY Id

In sql server order of execution of different clauses of a select statement is following order:

Clause of select statement Execution order

FROM 1

ON 2

JOIN 3

WHERE 4

GROUP BY 5

WITH CUBE or WITH ROLLUP 6

HAVING 7

SELECT 8

DISTINCT 9

ORDER BY 10

TOP 11

It is clear the WHERE clause executes before the SELECT clause so WHERE clause has no

knowledge about column alias of SELECT clause while ORDER BY clause executes after

the SELECT clause so it know about column alias of SELECT clause.

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2.Which command using Query Analyzer will give you the version of SQL server and

operating system?

SELECT SERVERPROPERTY ('productversion'), SERVERPROPERTY ('productlevel'),

SERVERPROPERTY ('edition').

3. What is SQL Server Agent?

SQL Server agent plays an important role in the day-to-day tasks of a database administrator

(DBA). It is often overlooked as one of the main tools for SQL Server management. Its

purpose is to ease the implementation of tasks for the DBA, with its full- function scheduling

engine, which allows you to schedule your own jobs and scripts.

4. Can a stored procedure call itself or recursive stored procedure? How much level SP

nesting is possible?

Yes. Because Transact-SQL supports recursion, you can write stored procedures that

call themselves. Recursion can be defined as a method of problem solving wherein the

solution is arrived at by repetitively applying it to subsets of the problem. A common

application of recursive logic is to perform numeric computations that lend themselves to

repetitive evaluation by the same processing steps. Stored procedures are nested when one

stored procedure calls another or executes managed code by referencing a CLR routine, type,

or aggregate. You can nest stored procedures and managed code references up to 32 levels.

5. What is Log Shipping?

Log shipping is the process of automating the backup of database and transaction log

files on a production SQL server, and then restoring them onto a standby server. Enterprise

Editions only supports log shipping. In log shipping the transactional log file from one server

is automatically updated into the backup database on the other server. If one server fails, the

other server will have the same db and can be used this as the Disaster Recovery plan. The

key feature of log shipping is that it will automatically backup transaction logs throughout the

day and automatically restore them on the standby server at defined interval.



6. Name 3 ways to get an accurate count of the number of records in a table?

SELECT * FROM table1

SELECT COUNT(*) FROM table1 SELECT rows FROM sysindexes WHERE id = OBJECT_ID(table1) AND indid < 2

7. What does it mean to have QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON? What are the implications

of having it OFF?

When SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER is ON, identifiers can be delimited by double quotation

marks, and literals must be delimited by single quotation marks. When SET

QUOTED_IDENTIFIER is OFF, identifiers cannot be quoted and must follow all Transact-

SQL rules for identifiers.

8.What is NOT NULL Constraint?

A NOT NULL constraint enforces that the column will not accept null values. The not null

constraints are used to enforce domain integrity, as the check constraints.

9. How to get @@ERROR and @@ROWCOUNT at the same time?

If @@Rowcount is checked after Error checking statement then it will have 0 as the value of

@@Recordcount as it would have been reset. And if @@Recordcount is checked before the

error-checking statement then @@Error would get reset. To get @@error and @@rowcount

at the same time do both in same statement and store them in local variable.

SELECT @RC = @@ROWCOUNT, @ER = @@ERROR

10. What is a Scheduled Jobs or What is a Scheduled Tasks?



Scheduled tasks let user automate processes that run on regular or predictable cycles.

User can schedule administrative tasks, such as cube processing, to run during times of slow

business activity. User can also determine the order in which tasks run by creating job steps

within a SQL Server Agent job. E.g. back up database, Update Stats of Tables. Job steps give

user control over flow of execution. If one job fails, user can configure SQL Server Agent to

continue to run the remaining tasks or to stop execution.

11. What are the advantages of using Stored Procedures?

1. Stored procedure can reduced network traffic and latency, boosting application

performance.

2. Stored procedure execution plans can be reused, staying cached in SQL Server's

memory, reducing server overhead.

3. Stored procedures help promote code reuse.

4. Stored procedures can encapsulate logic. You can change stored procedure code

without affecting clients.

5. Stored procedures provide better security to your data.

12. What is a table called, if it has neither Cluster nor Non-cluster Index? What is it

used for?

Unindexed table or Heap. Microsoft Press Books and Book on Line (BOL) refers it as

Heap. A heap is a table that does not have a clustered index and, therefore, the pages are not

linked by pointers. The IAM pages are the only structures that link the pages in a table

together. Unindexed tables are good for fast storing of data. Many times it is better to drop all

indexes from table and then do bulk of inserts and to restore those indexes after that.

13. Can SQL Servers linked to other servers like Oracle?

SQL Server can be linked to any server provided it has OLE-DB provider from

Microsoft to allow a link. E.g. Oracle has an OLE-DB provider for oracle that Microsoft

provides to add it as linked server to SQL Server group.

14.How do you load large data to the SQL server database?

BulkCopy is a tool used to copy huge amount of data from tables. BULK INSERT

command helps to Imports a data file into a database table or view in a user-specified format.

15.What is Self Join?

This is a particular case when one table joins to itself, with one or two aliases to avoid

confusion. A self join can be of any type, as long as the joined tables are the same. A self join

is rather unique in that it involves a relationship with only one table. The common example is

when company has a hierarchal reporting structure whereby one member of staff reports to

another.



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SQL SERVER Booklet 11internshipinchennai.in/assets/pdf/SQL Server11.pdf · SQL Server agent plays an important role in the day-to-day tasks of a database administrator (DBA). It is