SQL Loader

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SQL Loader

SQL Loader Part 1

http://prasanthapps.blogspot.in/2011/04/sql-loader.html

http://linuxplsql.blogspot.in/2013/05/create-sqlloader-concurrent-program-in.html

http://vasikarjayas.blogspot.in/2011/05/sample-arominv-apiss.html

Overview:

SQL LOADER is an Oracle utility used to load data into table given a datafile which has the records that need to be

loaded. SQL*Loader takes data file,as well as a control file, to insert data into the table. When a Control file is

executed, it can create Three (3) files called l o g f i l e ,b a d f i l e or r e j e c t f i l e , d i s c a r d f i l e .

Log file tells you the state of the tables and indexes and the number of logical records already read from the input datafile.This information can be used to resume the load where it left off.

Bad file or reject file gives you the records that were rejected because of formatting errors or because they caused Oracleerrors.

Discard file specifies the records that do not meet any of the loading criteria like when any of the WHEN clauses specifiedin the control file. These records differ from rejected records.

Structure of the data file:

The data file can be in fixed record format or variable record format.

Fixed Record Format would look like the below. In this case you give a specific position where the Control file can

expect a data field:

7369 SMITH CLERK 7902 12/17/1980 800

7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 2/20/1981 1600

7521 WARD SALESMAN 7698 2/22/1981 1250

7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 4/2/1981 2975

7654 MARTIN SALESMAN 7698 9/28/1981 1250

7698 BLAKE MANAGER 7839 5/1/1981 2850

7782 CLARK MANAGER 7839 6/9/1981 2450

7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 12/9/1982 3000

7839 KING PRESIDENT 11/17/1981 5000

7844 TURNER SALESMAN 7698 9/8/1981 1500

7876 ADAMS CLERK 7788 1/12/1983 1100
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7900 JAMES CLERK 7698 12/3/1981 950

7902 FORD ANALYST 7566 12/3/1981 3000

7934 MILLER CLERK 7782 1/23/1982 1300

Variable Record Format would like below where the data fields are separated by a delimiter.

Note: The Delimiter can be anything you like. In this case it is "|"

1196700|9|0|692.64

1378901|2|3900|488.62

1418700|2|2320|467.92

1418702|14|8740|4056.36

1499100|1|0|3.68

1632800|3|0|1866.66

1632900|1|70|12.64

1637600|50|0|755.5

Structure of a Control file:

Sample CTL file for loading a Variable record data file:

OPTIONS (SKIP = 1) --The first row in the data file is skipped without loading

LOAD DATA

INFILE '$FILE' -- Specify the data file pathand name

APPEND -- type of loading (INSERT, APPEND, REPLACE, TRUNCATE

INTO TABLE "APPS"."BUDGET" -- the table to be loaded into

FIELDS TERMINATED BY '|' -- Specify the delimiter if variable format datafile

OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"' --the values of the data fields may be enclosed in "

TRAILING NULLCOLS -- columns that are not present in the record trea ted as null

(ITEM_NUMBER "TRIM(:ITEM_NUMBER)", -- Can use all S QL functions on columns

QTY DECIMAL EXTERNAL,

REVENUE DECIMAL EXTERNAL,

EXT_COST DECIMAL EXTERNAL TERMINATED BY WHITESPACE "(TRIM(:EXT_COST))" ,

MONTH "to_char(LAST_DAY(ADD_MONTHS(SYSDATE,-1 )),'DD-MON-YY')" ,

DIVISION_CODE CONSTANT "AUD" -- Can specify constant value instead of Getting value from datafile
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)

OPTIONstatement precedes the LOAD DATA statement. The OPTIONS parameter allows you to specify runtime

arguments in the control file, rather than on the command line. The following arguments can be specified using the

OPTIONS parameter.

SKIP = n -- Number of logical records to skip (Default 0)

LOAD = n -- Number of logical records to load (Default all)

ERRORS = n -- Number of errors to allow (Default 50)

ROWS =n -- Number of rows in conventional path bind array or between direct path data saves (Default:

Conventional Path 64, Direct path all)

BINDSIZE = n -- Size of conventional path bind array in bytes (System-dependent default)

SILENT = {FEEDBACK | ERRORS | DISCARDS | ALL} -- Suppress messages during run

(header, feedback, errors, discards, partitions, all)

DIRECT = {TRUE | FALSE} --Use direct path (Default FALSE)

PARALLEL = {TRUE | FALSE} -- Perform parallel load (Default FALSE)

LOADDATAstatement is required at the beginning of the control file.

INFILE: INFILE keywordis used to specify location of t he datafile or datafiles.

INFILE* specifies that the data is found in the control file and not in an external file. INFILE '$FILE', can be used to

send the filepath and filename as a parameter when registered as a concurrent program.

INFILE '/home/vision/kap/import2.csv' specifies the filepath and the filename.

Example where datafile is an external file:

LOAD DATA

INFILE '/home/vision/kap/import2.csv'

INTO TABLE kap_emp

FIELDS TERMINATED BY ","

( emp_num, emp_name, department_num, department_name )

Example where datafile is in the Control file:

LOAD DATA

INFILE *

INTO TABLE kap_emp
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BEGINDATA

7369,SMITH,7902,Accounting

7499,ALLEN,7698,Sales

7521,WARD,7698,Accounting

7566,JONES,7839,Sales

7654,MARTIN,7698,Accounting

Example where file name and path is sent as a parameter when registered as a concurrent program

LOAD DATA

INFILE '$FILE'

INTO TABLE kap_emp



TYPE OF LOADING:

INSERT -- If the table you are loading is empty, INSERT can be used.

APPEND -- If data al ready exis ts in the table, SQL*Loader appends the new rows to it . If data doesn' t al ready

exist, the new rows are simply loaded.

REPLACE -- All rows in the table are deleted and the new data is loaded

TRUNCATE -- SQL*Loader uses the SQL TRUNCATE command.

INTOTABLEis required to identify the table to be loaded into. In the above example INTO TABLE

"APPS"."BUDGET", APPS refers to the Schema and BUDGET is the Table name.

FIELDS TERMINATED BY specifies how the data fields are terminated in the datafile.(If the file is Comma delimited

or Pipe delimited etc)

OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"' specifies that data fields may also be enclosed by quotation marks.

TRAILINGNULLCOLSclause tells SQL*Loader to treat any relatively positioned columns that are not pres ent in the

record as null columns.

Loading a fixed format data file:

LOAD DATA


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INFILE 'sample.dat'

INTO TABLE emp

( empno POSITION(01:04 ) INTEGER EXTERNAL,

ename POSITION(06:15) CHAR,

job POSITION(17:25) CHAR,

mgr POSITION(27:30) INTEGER EXTERNAL,

sal POSITION(32:3 9) DECIMAL EXTERNAL,

comm POSITION(41:4 8) DECIMAL EXTERNAL,

deptno POSITION(50:51) INTEGER EXTERNAL)

Steps to Run the SQL* LOADER from UNIX:

At the prompt , invoke SQL*Loader as fo ll ows:

sqlldr USERID=scott/tiger CONTROL= LOG=

SQL*Loader loads the tables, creates the log file, and returns you to the system prompt. You can check the log file

to see the results of running the case study.

Register as concurrent Program:

Place the Control file in $CUSTOM_TOP/bin.

Define the Executable. Give the Execution Method as SQL*LOADER.

Define the Program. Add the Parameter for FILENAME.

Skip columns:

You can skip columns using the 'FILLER' option.

Load Data

--

--

--

TRAILING NULLCOLS

(

name Filler,

Empno ,


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sal

)

here the column name will be skipped.

SQL Loader Part 2

SQL LOADER is a very powerful tool that lets you load data from a delimited or position based data file into

Oracle tables.

This article covers the below topics:

1. Load multiple data files into a single table

2. Load a single data file into multiple tables

3. Skip a column while loading using FILLER and Load field in the delimited data file into two different columns

in a table using POSITION

4. Usage of BOUNDFILLER

5. Load the same record twice into a single table

6. Using WHEN to

SQL LOADER is a very powerful tool that lets you load data from a delimited or position based data file into Oracle

tables. We have received many questions regarding SQL LOADER features from many users. Here is the brief

explanation on the same.

Please note that the basic knowledge ofSQL LOADER is required to understand this article.

This article covers the below topics: 1. Load multiple data files into a single table2. Load a single data file into multiple tables3. Skip a column while loading using FILLER and Load field in the delimited data file into two different columnsin a table using POSITION 4. Usage of BOUNDFILLER 5. Load the same record twice into a single table 6. Using WHEN to selectively load the records into the table 7. Run SQLLDR from SQL PLUS 8. Default path for Discard, bad and log files

1) Load multiple files into a single table: SQL LOADER lets you load multiple data files at once into a single table. But all the data files should be of thesame format.Here is a working example:
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Say you have a table named EMP which has the below structure:

Column Data Type

emp_num Number

emp_name Varchar2(25) department_num Number

department_name Varchar2(25) You are trying to load the below comma delimited data files named eg.dat and eg1.dat:eg.dat:7369,SMITH,7902,Accounting7499,ALLEN,7698,Sales 7521,WARD,7698,Accounting 7566,JONES,7839,Sales 7654,MARTIN,7698,Accountingeg1.dat:1234,Tom,2345,Accounting3456,Berry,8976,Accounting The Control file should be built as below: LOAD DATAINFILE 'eg.dat' -- File 1INFILE 'eg1.dat' -- File 2

APPEND INTO TABLE empFIELDS TERMINATED BY ","

( emp_num, emp_name, department_num, department_name )2) Load a single file into multiple tables: SQL Loader lets you load a single data file into multiple tables using INTO TABLE clause. Here is a working example:Say you have two tables named EMP and DEPT which have the below structure:

Table Column Data Type

EMP emp_num Number

EMP emp_name Varchar2(25)

DEPT department_num Number

DEPT department_name Varchar2(25) You are trying to load the below comma delimited data file named eg.dat which has columns Emp_num and

emp_name that need to be loaded into table EMP and columns department_num and department_name that needto be loaded into table DEPT using a single CTL file here. eg.dat:7369,SMITH,7902,Accounting7499,ALLEN,7698,Sales 7521,WARD,7698,Accounting 7566,JONES,7839,Sales 7654,MARTIN,7698,AccountingThe Control file should be built as below: LOAD DATAINFILE 'eg.dat'


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APPEND INTO TABLE empFIELDS TERMINATED BY ","

( emp_num, emp_name )INTO TABLE dept FIELDS TERMINATED BY "," (department_num, department_name)You can further use WHEN clause to selectively load the records into the tables which will be explained later in this

article.3) Skip a column while loading using FILLER and Load field in the delimited data file into two differentcolumns in a table using POSITION SQL LOADER lets to skip unwanted fields in the data file by using the FILLER clause. Filler was introduced inOracle 8i.SQL LOADER also lets you load the same field into two different columns of the table. If the data file is position based, loading the same f ield into two different columns is pretty straight forward. You canuse Position (start_pos:end_pos) keyword If the data file is a delimited file and it has a header included in it, then this can be achieved by referring the fieldpreceded with : eg description (:emp_name). If the data file is delimited file without a header included in it, Position (start_pos:end_pos) or (:field) will notwork. This can be achieved using POSITION (1) clause which takes you to the beginning of the record. Here is a Working Example:The requirement here is to load the field emp_name in the data field into two columns emp_name and descriptionof the table EMP. Here is the Working Example: Say you have a table named EMP which has the below structure:

Column Data Type

emp_num Number

emp_name Varchar2(25)

description Varchar2(25)

department_num Number

department_name Varchar2(25) You are trying to load the below comma delimited data file named eg.dat which has 4 fields that need to be loadedinto 5 columns of the table EMP.eg.dat:7369,SMITH,7902,Accounting7499,ALLEN,7698,Sales 7521,WARD,7698,Accounting 7566,JONES,7839,Sales 7654,MARTIN,7698,AccountingControl File:LOAD DATAINFILE 'eg.dat'APPEND INTO TABLE empFIELDS TERMINATED BY "," (emp_num,emp_name,desc_skip FILLER POSITION(1), description, department_num,department_name)


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Explanation on how SQL LOADER processes the above CTL file: The first field in the data file is loaded into column emp_num of table EMPThe second field in the data file is loaded into column emp_name of table EMP The field desc_skip enables SQL LOADER to start scanning the same record it is at from the beginningbecause of the clause POSITION(1) . SQL LOADER again reads the first delimited field and skips it as directed byFILLER keyword. Now SQL LOADER reads the second field again and loads it into description column of the table EMP. SQL LOADER then reads the third field in the data file and loads into column department_num of tableEMPFinally the fourth field is loaded into column department_name of table EMP.

4) Usage of BOUNDFILLERBOUNDFILLER is available with Oracle 9iand above and can be used if the skipped column's value will be requiredlater again. Here is an example:

The requirement is to load first two fields concatenated with the third field as emp_num into table emp and Fourthfield as Emp_name

Data File:1,15,7369,SMITH1,15,7499,ALLEN 1,15,7521,WARD1,18,7566,JONES1,20,7654,MARTINThe requirement can be achieved using the below Control File: LOAD DATAINFILE 'C:\eg.dat'APPEND INTO TABLE EMPFIELDS TERMINATED BY ","(Rec_skip BOUNDFILLER, tmp_skip BOUNDFILLER,Emp_num "(:Rec_skip||:tmp_skip||:emp_num)",Emp_name)

5) Load the same record twice into a single table:SQL Loader lets you load record twice using POSITION clause but you have to take into account whether theconstraints defined on the table allow you to insert duplicate rows. Below is the Control file: LOAD DATAINFILE 'eg.dat'APPEND

INTO TABLE empFIELDS TERMINATED BY ","

( emp_num, emp_name, department_num, department_name )INTO TABLE empFIELDS TERMINATED BY "," (emp_num POSITION(1),emp_name,department_num,department_name)SQL LOADER processes the above control file this way: First INTO TABLE clause loads the 4 fields specified in the first line of the data file into the respective columns(emp_num, emp_name, department_num, department_name)Field scanning does not start over from the beginning of the record when SQL LOADER encounters thesecond INTO TABLE clause in the CTL f ile. Instead, scanning continues where it left off. Statement emp_numPOSITION(1) in the CTL file forces the SQL LOADER to read the same record from the beginning and loads thefirst field in the data file into emp_num column again. The remaining fields in the first record of the data file areagain loaded into respective columns emp_name, department_num, department_name. Thus the same record canbe loaded multiple times into the same table using INTO TABLE clause.
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6) Using WHEN to selectively load the records into the table WHEN clause can be used to direct SQL LOADER to load the record only when the condition specified in the WHENclause is TRUE. WHEN statement can have any number of comparisons preceded by AND. SQL*Loader does notallow the use of OR in the WHEN clause. Here is a working example which illustrates how to load the records into 2 tables EMP and DEPT based on therecord type specified in the data file. The below is delimited data file eg.dat which has the first field as the record type. The requirement here is to loadall the records with record type = 1 into table EMP and all the records with record type = 2 into table DEPT andrecord with record type =3 which happens to be the trailer record should not be loaded.

1,7369,SMITH2,7902,Accounting1,7499,ALLEN 2,7698,Sales 1,7521,WARD2,7698,Accounting1,7566,JONES 2,7839,Sales 1,7654,MARTIN2,7698,Accounting3,10Control File:

LOAD DATAINFILE 'eg.dat'APPEND

INTO TABLE empWHEN (01) = '1'

FIELDS TERMINATED BY "," ( rec_skip filler POSITION(1),emp_num , emp_name ) INTO TABLE dept

WHEN (01) = '2' FIELDS TERMINATED BY "," (rec_skip filler POSITION(1),department_num,department_name )

Lets now see how SQL LOADER processes the CTL file: SQL LOADER loads the records into table EMP only when first position (01) of the record whichhappens to be the record type is 1 as directed by command

INTO TABLE empWHEN (01) = '1'

If condition When (01) = 1 holds true for the current record, then SQL LOADER gets to the beginningof the record as directed by command POSITION(1) and skips the first field which is the record type. It then loads the second field into emp_num and third field into emp_name column in the table EMP.SQL LOADER loads the records into table DEPT only when first position (01) of the record whichhappens to be the record type is 2 as directed by the commands -INTO TABLE dept WHEN (01) = '2' If condition When (01) = 2 holds true for the current record, then SQL LOADER gets to the beginningof the record as directed by command POSITION(1) and skips the first field which is the record type. It then loads t he second field into department_num and third field into department_name columns inthe table DEPT.The records with record type = 3 are not loaded into any table. Thus you can selectively loads the necessary records into various tables using WHEN clause. 7) Run SQLLDR from SQL PLUSSQL LOADER can be invoked from SQL PLUS using host command as shown below: host sqlldr userid=username/password@host control = C:\eg.ctl log = eg.log8) Default path for Discard, bad and log files

If bad and discard file paths are not specified in the CTL file and if this SQL Loader is registered as aconcurrent program, then they will be created in the directory where the regular Concurrent programs' output files
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reside. You can also find the paths where the discard and bad files have been created in the log file of the SQLLOADER concurrent request.

SQL*Loader Usage:SQL LOADER is an Oracle utility used to load data into table given a data file which

has the records that need to be loaded. SQL*Loader takes data file, as well as a control file, to insertdata into the table. When a Control file is executed, it can create Three (3) files calledlog file, bad file orreject file, discard file.

Log filetells you the state of the tables and indexes and the number of logical records already read fromthe input data file. This information can be used to resume the load where it left off.

Bad fileor reject file gives you the records that were rejected because of formatting errors or becausethey caused Oracle errors.

Discard filespecifies the records that do not meet any of the loading criteria like when any of the WHENclauses specified in the control file. These records differ from rejected records.

Structure of the data file:1.Data file can be in fixed record format2.Variable record format.

Fixed Record Formatwould look like the below. In this case you give a specific position where theControl file can expect a data field:

INV100AMOUNT3000ADDRCHENNAIINV102AMOUNT5000ADDRCHENNAI

Control file example :

LOAD DATAINFILE '$FILE_NAME'APPENDINTO TABLE studentFIELDS TERMINATED BY '|'TRAILING NULLCOLS( STUDENT_ID POSITION(1:6) INTEGER,STUDENT_NAME POSITION(7:15) CHAR,ADDRESS POSITION(15:20) CHAR,MARKS POSITION(20:40) INTEGER)

Variable record format : Data file having the delimiter based values.

Create Table : student

CREATE TABLE student(student_id NUMBER,student_name VARCHAR2(50),address VARCHAR2(100),


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marks NUMBER)

Below is the step by step process of registering shell script as a host program or concurrent program in

Oracle Applications R12

Step 1 :Create the Executable name SQLLDR_TEST_PROGRAM with Executable file

Name assqlldr_demo_prog

Step 2 : Register the concurrent program Demo SQL*Loader Concurrent Program

Step 3 :Adding the parameter in the concurrent program
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Step 4: Add the concurrent program in to the request group & Add that request group into the

Responsibility.

Create the control file sqlldr_demo_prog.ctl under $CUSTOM_TOP/bindirectory

LOAD DATA

INFILE '$FILE_NAME'

APPEND

INTO TABLE student

FIELDS TERMINATED BY '|'

TRAILING NULLCOLS

( STUDENT_ID DECIMAL EXTERNAL,

STUDENT_NAME CHAR,

ADDRESS CHAR,

MARKS DECIMAL EXTERNAL

)

$FILE_NAME --> We can hard code the file name with full directory path else we can pass the file name

with file location as parameter.

Note : We can put it OPTIONS (SKIP = 1) --The first row in the data file is skipped without loading

Place the data file sqlldr_data_file.datunder under/u06/app/applmgr/dvoa044/oc/1.0.0/bindirectory

1000|Chidambaram|Chennai|98

1001|Ram|Bangalore|67

1002|Kamal|Chennai|89

1003|Preethi|Hyderabad|90

Note : can use any directory for data file path.
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Step 5: Submit the concurrent program Demo SQL*Loader Concurrent Program

from Added responsibility

Program should be completed in normal and out put parameter values are displayed in log file.

Log Information :

Control File: /u06/app/applmgr/dvoa044/oc/1.0.0/bin/sqlldr_demo_prog.ctl

Data File: /u06/app/applmgr/dvoa044/oc/1.0.0/bin/sqlldr_data_file.dat

Bad File: /u06/app/applmgr/dvoa044/out/o55553058.out

Discard File: /u06/app/applmgr/dvoa044/out/o55553058.out

(Allow all discards)

Number to load: ALL

Number to skip: 0

Errors allowed: 50Bind array: 64 rows, maximum of 65536 bytes

Continuation: none specified

Path used: Conventional

Table STUDENT, loaded from every logical record.

Insert option in effect for this table: APPEND

TRAILING NULLCOLS option in effect

Column Name Position Len Term Encl Datatype

------------------------------ ---------- ----- ---- ---- ---------------------

STUDENT_ID FIRST * | CHARACTERSTUDENT_NAME NEXT * | CHARACTER

ADDRESS NEXT * | CHARACTER

MARKS NEXT * | CHARACTER

Table STUDENT:

4 Rows successfully loaded.
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0 Rows not loaded due to data errors.

0 Rows not loaded because all WHEN clauses were failed.

0 Rows not loaded because all fields were null.

Space allocated for bind array: 65016 bytes(63 rows)Space allocated for memory besides bind array: 0 bytes

Total logical records skipped: 0

Total logical records read: 4

Total logical records rejected: 0

Total logical records discarded: 0

Run began on Mon May 13 01:51:57 2013

Run ended on Mon May 13 01:51:58 2013

Elapsed time was: 00:00:00.81CPU time was: 00:00:00.02

Data's are successfully inserted into back-end table student

sqlldr used in unix code

The below code can be used in unix shell script.

sqlldr ${FCP_LOGIN}

control=$CUSTOM_PATH/bin/sqlldr_demo_prog.ctllog=sqlldr_data_file.logbad=sqlldr_data_file.ba

d data=sqlldr_data_file.dat

${FCP_LOGIN} --> This is default credentials for APPS ,It provides Oracle Database User

Name/Password@DataBase name,
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we can hardcode those values like USERID=apps/apps_passwd@apps_database

If the data file having invalid content then only bad file will be created otherwise bad file wont created.

Customer Import using API'sFollowing API's are used for creating customers1) The first step is to create Party. hz_party_v2pub.create_organizationis used to createa party.2) Once party is created then the customer accounts should becreated.hz_cust_account_v2pub.create_cust_accountAPI is used to create Customer

Accounts. The p_organization_rec should have party information. Theorig_system_reference for p_cust_account_Rec should be same as partiesorig_system_reference.3) Now that party and accounts are created, customer account sites and its uses should becreated. But before that location and party_sites should be created and attached to party.4) hz_location_v2pub.create_locationAPI is used to create location. This is a simple API

that takes address table type as input and returns location_id as a OUT parameter.5) API hz_party_site_v2pub.create_party_siteis used to create party_site. The party_idcreated in step 1 and location_id created in step 4 is passed in the party_site_recparameter. This will return party_site_id as a OUT parameter.6) Now that we have created the party_sites, its time to create customer site using

API hz_cust_account_site_v2pub.create_cust_acct_site. The cust_account_id createdin step 2 and party_site_id created in step 5 is inputted in the cust_acct_site_rec recordtype. This returns cust_acct_site_id as a OUT parameter.7) The site use(SHIP_TO, BILL_TO etc.) can be created using

APIhz_cust_account_site_v2pub.create_cust_site_use. The cust_acct_site_id createdin step 6

8) For BILL_TO the customer profiles can be created usingAPIhz_customer_profile_v2pub.create_customer_profile
http://sureshvaishya.blogspot.com/2009/03/customer-import-using-apis.htmlhttp://sureshvaishya.blogspot.com/2009/03/customer-import-using-apis.htmlhttp://sureshvaishya.blogspot.com/2009/03/customer-import-using-apis.html

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