1. SUBMITTED BY:DEBASISH MUKHERJEEBISWAJIT TRIPATHYNAKUL KISHORDEPARTMENT OFELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

2. oThe project Spybot cum Surveillance Robo aims to develop a semistandalone robotic vehicle that would be self sufficient to collect and transmitintelligence as when deployed for specific goal oriented purposes.oIt is laced with various gadgets and sensors that continuously providedetails of the ground zero(the action scene) .oIt will find tremendous use in cases where spying of certain criminalactivities is required as well as for surveillance purposes where humanintervention is not preferred e.g. gas leakage , radioactive leakage,radioactive catastrophes etc. 3. Control Block Sensor Block Transmitter and Reciever Mobility Block Brain or CPU Block Power Supply Block Chassis 4. The components used in various functional blocks are as follows:1. CONTROL BLOCK: DTMF ENCODER/DECODER2. SENSOR BLOCK: HEAT SENSOR GAS SENSOR VISUAL SENSOR:WIRELESS CAMERA GPS3. TRANSMITTER AND RECIEVER BLOCK: TX AND RX TRANSMITTER 5. 4. MOBILIZING BLOCK: RUBBER TREADED WHEELS HIGH TORQUE MOTORS RELAYS5. BRAIN OR CPU BLOCK: ATMEGA 16 MICRO-CONTROLLER6. POWER SUPPLY BLOCK: LITHIUM POLYMER BATTERIES 6. Dual Tone Multiple Frequency (DTMF) codec is used to encode and decode the key strokes in a telephone. It can also be used to perform a basic data transfer operation.When a key is pressed, theencoding circuitry mixestogether these two frequencies,and transmits the result. The receiver then decodes thetone back into its tworespective frequencies, andthen the processing circuit willact accordingly. 7. Applications: Receiver system for British Telecom (BT) or CEPT Spec (MT8870D-1) Paging systems Repeater systems/mobile radio Credit card systems Remote control Personal computers Telephone answering machine 8. DECIMAL VALUE BINARY VALUE KEYBOARDSYMBOL0 0000DFeatures1 000112 00102 Complete DTMF Receiver3 001134 01004 Low power consumption5 01015 Internal gain setting amplifier 6 011067 01117 Adjustable guard time 8 100089 10019 10 10100 11 1011* 12 1100# 13 1101A 14 1110B 15 1111C 9. ATMEGA 16 MICROCONTROLLERFeatures: High-performance, Low-power Atmel AVR 8-bit Microcontroller Advanced RISC Architecture 131 Powerful Instructions 32 x 8 General Purpose Working Registers High Endurance Non-volatile Memory segments 16 Kbytes of In-System Self-programmable Flash program memory 512 Bytes EEPROM 1 Kbyte Internal SRAM 10. Peripheral Features Two 8-bit Timer/Counters One 16-bit Timer/Counter 8-channel, 10-bit ADC8 Single-ended Channels Programmable Serial USART Power Consumption @ 1 MHz, 3V, and 25C for ATmega16L Active: 1.1 mA Idle Mode: 0.35 mA Power-down Mode: < 1 aI/O and Packages 32 Programmable I/O Lines Operating Voltages 2.7V - 5.5V for ATmega16L 4.5V - 5.5V for ATmega1 11. BLOCK DIAGRAM 12. Pin Descriptions:VCC: Digital supply voltage.GND:Ground.Port A (PA7..PA0) :Port A serves as the analog inputs to the A/D Converter.Port A also serves as an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port, if the A/D Converter is not used.Port B (PB7..PB0): Port B is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors(selected for each bit).Port C (PC7..PC0): Port C is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors(selected for each bit). 13. Port D (PD7..PD0):Port D is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors(selected for each bit).RESET Reset Input:A low level on this pin for longer than the minimum pulse length willgenerate a reset, even if the clock is not running.XTAL 1 :Input to the inverting Oscillator amplifier and input to the internalclock operating circuit.XTAL2:Output from the inverting Oscillator amplifier. 14. PIN CONFIGURATION 15. Lithium-ion polymer batteries, polymer lithium ion, or morecommonly lithium polymer batteries (abbreviated Li-poly, Li-Pol, LiPo, LIP, PLIor LiP) are rechargeable (secondary cell) batteries. LiPo batteries are usuallycomposed of several identical secondary cells in parallel to increase the dischargecurrent capability. This type has technologically evolved from lithium-ion batteries. The primarydifference is that the lithium-salt electrolyte is not held in an organic solvent but ina solid polymer composite such as polyethylene oxide or polyacrylonitrile.There are currently two commercialized technologies, both lithium-ion-polymer(where "polymer" stands for "polymer electrolyte/separator") cells. These arecollectively referred to as "polymer electrolyte batteries".The battery is constructed as:positive electrode: LiCoO2 or LiMn2O4Separator: Conducting polymer electrolyte (e.g., polyethyleneoxide, PEO)negative electrode: Li or carbon-Li intercalation compound 16. A compelling advantage of Li-poly cells is that manufacturers can shape thebattery almost however they please, which can be important to mobile phonemanufacturers constantly working on smaller, thinner, and lighter phones. 17. SENSOR BLOCK 18. Sensitive material of MQ-2 gas sensor is SnO2, which with lower conductivity inclean air. When the target combustible gas exist, The sensors conductivity is morehigher along with the gas concentration rising. 19. The LM35 series are precision integrated circuit temperature sensors,whose outputvoltage is linearly proportional to the celcius (centigrade) temperature. It has an advantage over linear temperature sensors calibrated in degree kelvin, as theuser is not required to subtract a large constant voltage from its output to obtainconvinient centigrade scaling. 20. The camera used is a wireless (RF) camera.The ratings are as follows: 1 amp9 VRange: 100m 21. A GPS receiver calculates its position by precisely timing the signals sent by GPS satellites high above the Earth. Each satellite continually transmits messages that include* the time the message was transmitted* satellite position at time of message transmissionThe receiver uses the messages it receives to determine the transit time of each message and computes the distance to each satellite.These distances along with the satellites locations are used with the possible aid of trilateration, depending on which algorithm is used, to compute the position of the receiver. 22. Three satellites might seem enough to solve for position since space hasthree dimensions and a position near the Earths surface can be assumed.However, even a very small clock error multiplied by the very large speedof light the speed at which satellite signals propagate results ina large positional error. Therefore receivers use four or more satellites tosolve for both the receivers location and time. 23. A DC motor is an electric motor that runs on direct current (DC)electricity. In any electric motor, operation is based on simpleelectromagnetism. 24. Every DC motor has six basic parts -- axle, rotor (a.k.a., armature), stator, commutator, field magnet(s), and brushes.The motor used here has a rating of 12V, 150 rpm ,DC gear motor.The geometry of the brushes , commutator contacts, and rotor windings are such that when power is applied, the polarities of the energized winding and the stator magnet(s) are misaligned, and the rotor will rotate until it is almost aligned with the stators field magnets 25. These are trades made of rubber.They are used as they provide better traction on allsurfaces.Special tracks that incorporate rubber pads can beinstalled for use on paved surfaces to prevent thedamage that can be caused by all metal tracks. 26. The chassis used for the robot is made of steel cabinet ofdimension of 18x13 sq cm. The used wheels are of 8 cm diameter and an effectivediameter of 8.8 cm. The roof of the chassis houses the two cams one ofwhich has a vertical movement via a 45 rpm motor. The roof also houses the LCD displaying the coordinatesvia a GPS reciever. 27. WIDELY USED IN SPYING MISSIONS.CAN BE USED FOR SURVEILLANCE PURPOSES IN WHICH HUMAN INTERVENTION IS NOT PREFFERED.CAN BE EASILY INTERFACED WITH ADD ON GADGETS FOR SPECIFIC MISSIONS.CAN BE USED AS GUIDE ROBOTS FOR FIELD TROOPS IN CASE OF POORVISIBILITY 28. MECHANICAL STRUCTURE MODIFICATION FOR INCLUSION OFSTAIR CLIMBING ABILITY. INTERFACING ON DEMAND GADGETS AND PROVIDING PORTS FOR THESAME.USE OF NIGT VISION CAMS AND THERMAL IMAGING CAMS FOR BETTER VISUAL DATA. GOING ONE STEP AHEAD BY INCLUDING GEIGER COUNTERS. 29. Thus efforts were made to construct a semi standalone system that only needs to be controlled for movement and transmits relevant data from ground zero thereby minimizing human intervention and related risks.With the proposed improvements the robot can be further enhanced in its capabilities thereby widening its application horizon. 30. NASA TUTORIALSWIKIPEDIAATMEGA 16 DATASHEETRESPECTIVE MANUFACTURER DATA SHEETSATT BELL LABS(DTMF DATA)