What should we report? Support for EVVRS Decision-Makers

What should we report?Support for EVVRS Decision-MakersSpring 20151evvrs@doe.state.nj.us

Hello, and welcome to What Should We Report? Support for EVVRS Decision-Makers. My name is Mary McKillip, and I am the data collection and evaluation coordinator in the Office of Student Support Services at the New Jersey Department of Education. Please send any questions you have after viewing this training to the email address noted at the bottom of this slide, which is the best way to reach us with questions concerning the EVVRS and HIB-ITP systems. 1Goal: Accurate reporting of evvrs dataParticipants will understand how to:

Determine what incidents to report in EVVRSComplete the VV-SA* / SSD** formsLocate additional resources for guidance throughout the school year

2*Violence, Vandalism, and Substance Abuse**Suspensions of Students with Disabilities

The goal of this training is to

help EVVRS decision makers determine which discipline incidents should be reported in the Electronic Violence and Vandalism Reporting System.

We will also discuss the various components of the VV-SA, the violence, vandalism, and substance abuse reporting form, and also the SSD, the reporting form for Suspensions for Students with Disabilities.

It is not possible during this half-hour training to cover every type of situation you will encounter and address every EVVRS question. Thus, another goal of this training is to identify the guidance documents on the EVVRS Welcome Page that are available to assist you as questions arise throughout the school year.2What to reportViolenceVandalismHarassment, Intimidation or BullyingWeapons OffensesSubstance Offenses

Suspensions of students with disabilities

http://homeroom.state.nj.us/evvrs/scenarios_revised_12-2-14.pdf3

We categorize what we collect in the EVVRS into two branches: First, there are 5 categories of offenses for both special and general education students, Violence, Vandalism, Bullying, Weapons, and Substance offenses.

Second, the Department also collects information in EVVRS on suspensions of students with disabilities for infractions that do not fall into one of the five main categories. For this training, I will address each incident type, and provide suggestions regarding how each may be reported as well as general tips for reporting.

You may access the scenarios that will be discussed in this training, as well as additional scenarios, at the link at the bottom of this slide. 3http://homeroom.state.nj.us/evvrs/EVVRS_Incident_Report_Form_2014_2015_Final.pdf

4

This is a snapshot of the first page of the VV-SA form, used to report incidents in the 5 main EVVRS categories listed on the previous slide: violence, vandalism, bullying, weapons offenses and substance offenses. The link at the bottom will take you to a pdf file of this form that can be completed on the computer and then be printed or emailed. The form may also be printed and completed by hand, depending on your districts procedures. In addition to this first page, the report form has additional pages: an offender page to complete for EVERY offender involved; a victim page to complete for EVERY victim involved; and an HIB page if the incident was an affirmed case of harassment, intimidation, or bullying. We recommend that schools use the VV-SA form, however your district may develop and use its own board-approved EVVRS collection form, as long as it accurately collects all required information. Some districts, for example, choose to provide their own form to be able to collect data on each discipline incident on the same form, while only entering the incidents that meet EVVRS criteria into the EVVRS system.

4Violence categoriesAssaultCriminal threatExtortionFightThreatKidnappingRobberySex offensehttp://homeroom.state.nj.us/evvrs/EVVRSincidentdefinitionsSep2014.pdf5

These are the types of violence incidents that are reported to EVVRS. Assault, criminal threat, extortion, fight, threat, kidnapping, robbery, sex offense.We will not get to all definitions during this training, but they can all be found in the file linked at the bottom of this slide. When making a decision about whether an offense should be reported, the incident definition document should be used. If an incident fits the definition, then it should be reported. Lets look at an example. 5Violence scenario: The CafeteriaStacey verbally taunted and harassed Rebecca with derogatory comments while they were eating lunch in the cafeteria. Then, Stacey forcefully pushed Rebeccas chair over backwards and Rebecca fell to the ground. Rebecca got up and hit Stacey. Stacey hit her back. The girls wrestled and punched each other until separated by a lunch aide.

Fight: Mutual engagement in a physical confrontation that may result in bodily injury to either party. Does not include a verbal confrontation or a minor confrontation, such as a shoving match.

Assault: A person attempts to cause or purposely, knowingly, or recklessly causes bodily injury to another.

Gang-related: confirmation from a law enforcement official, the victim, or the offender, that the incident was gang related.6

An EVVRS decision-maker documented this scenario after an incident in the cafeteria at school, and after talking with those involved and discussing the incident with witnesses: Stacey verbally taunted and harassed Rebecca with derogatory comments while they were eating lunch in the cafeteria. Then, Stacey forcefully pushed Rebeccas chair over backwards and Rebecca fell to the ground. Rebecca got up and hit Stacey. Stacey hit her back. The girls wrestled and punched each other until separated by a lunch aide. Should this be reported, and if so, how?

First, consider the definition of fight and assault. Fight means mutual engagement in a physical confrontation that may result in bodily injury to either party. Does not include a verbal confrontation or a minor confrontation, such as a shoving match. Assault means a person attempts to cause or purposely, knowingly, or recklessly causes bodily injury to another. While Stacey clearly instigated the fight by attempting to injure Rebecca, the students also mutually engaged in a physical confrontation that could result in bodily injury to either party. In this scenario, the EVVRS decision-maker would report the incident as both an Assault and a Fight. Rebecca is the victim of the assault since Stacey purposely tried to hurt her. Report both Rebecca and Stacey as offenders in the Fight that followed the assault. On the offender pages, note any injury to the student.

Now, what if the decision-makers investigation turned up different information? For example, what if Rebeccas fall from the chair was not related to Stacey at all? In this case, do not report this as an assault. Only report it as a fight. What if Rebecca, who was pushed from the chair, did not strike her attacker after the fall, but walked away from the situation? In this case, do not report this as a fight. Only report it as an assault. There was no mutual engagement. What if a law enforcement officer confirmed the fight was gang related? Then you would also mark a check in the gang-related field when entering information on the EVVRS. (Note, that according to the definition of gang-related, you would also check this box if Rebecca or Stacey said the case was gang-related.

6REPORTING VIOLENCEThere does not have to be an injury to report an incident to EVVRS.Consider age and developmentally appropriate behaviorFor fight, theft, threat, and sex offense (with no victim)Incidents where a staff member is the offender are not reported in the EVVRS

http://homeroom.state.nj.us/evvrs/Three_Considerations.pdf7

A few general tips on reporting incidents of violence:

First, there does not have to be an injury to report an incident of violence to EVVRS.

Second, in incidents of fight, theft, threat, and sex offense, consider age and developmentally appropriate behavior. The link at the bottom of this slide takes you to a primer that describes these considerations in much more detail.

And third, incidents at the school that involve staff members as offenders are not reported to EVVRS. 7VIOLENCE: USCO* provision IIVictim of violent criminal offense must be offered transfer to a safe school in districtRefer to: http://www.state.nj.us/education/grants/nclb/guidance/usco/Violent criminal offenses (committed, threatened, or attempted): HomicideAssaultSexual AssaultBias IntimidationTerroristic ThreatRobberyArson

8*USCO: Unsafe School Choice Option

Before we move on to discuss vandalism, I do want to mention the Unsafe School Choice Option or USCO provision II. Provision I refers to the identification of persistently dangerous schools and the opportunity for students to transfer. Provision II refers to the policy under USCO that requires that any victim of a violent criminal offense must be offered a within-district transfer. The USCO Provision II reads: The violent criminal offenses under NJ statutesapply to completed offenses, as well as threats and attempts to commit the offenses. The referenced link gives more details on this provision, but in summary, any time a student is a victim of one of these listed criminal offenses, they should be offered the opportunity to transfer schools. On Page 4 of the VV-SA, schools are asked to confirm whether a student was a victim of a violent criminal offense and the outcome of the transfer option, if available. Make sure you understand the definition of these offenses.8vandalismArsonBomb threat/fake bombBurglary/theftDamage to propertyTrespassingFire alarm offenseFireworks offensehttp://homeroom.state.nj.us/evvrs/EVVRSincidentdefinitionsSep2014.pdf

9

These are the types of vandalism incidents that are reported to EVVRS when they meet the criteria in the definition. Arson, bomb threat, fake bomb, burglary, theft, damage to property, trespassing, fire alarm offense, fireworks offense. As with violent incident types, the definitions for each type can be found in the file linked at the bottom of this slide. 9VAndalism scenario: The RINGLucy left her birthstone ring on the ledge in the girls locker room while she went to the restroom. When she returned the ring was gone.

Theft: The taking of the school districts or a persons belongings or property without consent. Report only incidents where the value of the article taken is $10 or more. One needs to consider age and developmentally appropriate behavior before using this category.

Robbery: Obtaining money or any material thing (regardless of value) from another by means of violence or the threat of immediate violence.

Extortion: Attempting to obtain or obtaining money or any material thing (regardless of value) from another by means of a stated or implied threat of future violence, or threats to make false charges against someone or to blackmail someone.10

Here is an example of a vandalism case. Lucy left her birthstone ring on the ledge in the girls locker room while she went to the restroom. When she returned the ring was gone. As the EVVRS decision maker, should you report this?

Yes. Lucys ring was taken without her consent. Report the incident as theft, with offender unknown. To mark an offender as unknown, you complete the offender page, selecting offender unknown and nothing more. As the definition of theft notes, report only incidents where the value of the article taken is 10 dollars or more. So in this scenario, if it were a plastic ring and not a birthstone ring, it would not be reported to EVVRS. In addition, age and maturity considerations matter in theft, but in this scenario, it should be reported even though the age and maturity of the offender cannot be discerned since he or she is unknown.

It would not be robbery or extortion, as these types of events involve violence or a threat of violence. In robbery and extortion, also, the value of the article does not matter as it does with theft.

10Reporting HIBPrincipal initiates investigation. Anti-Bullying Specialist conducts the investigation.If affirmed as HIB by the BOE (found to be HIB), enter incident in both HIB-ITP and EVVRSIf not affirmed as HIB, only count the investigation in HIB-ITP, and do not enter as an HIB incidentIncidents reported in EVVRS must match number of affirmed incidents reported to HIB-ITP* system

11*Harassment, Intimidation and Bullying Investigations, Trainings, and Programs

In cases of potential HIB, the principal or the principals designee initiates an investigation and the Anti-Bullying Specialist conducts the investigation.

The board of education will make the final determination as to whether the superintendents decision is affirmed (meaning found to be HIB), rejected, or modified. School staff must remember to enter all affirmed incidents of HIB into the EVVRS, complete with corresponding information, including the HIB page of the VV-SA and the HIB remedial action section for the offender and for the victim. All HIB incidents affirmed by the Board of Education as HIB must also be entered in the HIB-ITP system.

The number of HIB investigations entered in HIB-ITP is the actual count, regardless of the outcome of the investigation and BOE decision.

Please keep careful track of the count of HIB incidents affirmed by the Board of Education and ensure that the total count of affirmed HIB cases in EVVRS matches the number of affirmed incidents reported into the HIB-ITP system.

11More HIB reporting TipsIncidents occurring off-school grounds are also reported (only for HIB)HIB incidents in July and August are not reported to EVVRS but ARE locally investigated, documented, and reported to the BOEUpdate EVVRS records if original report is amended, or wait to enter HIB incidents until after BOE decision is rendered.HIB cases may qualify as other EVVRS incident types.

12

A few tips to keep in mind:

HIB cases include incidents that occur off school grounds this is different from other EVVRS incidents. This means, for example, that an incident of harassment occurring through electronic communication such as Twitter or Facebook, if affirmed by the Board of Education as HIB, would be submitted as an HIB incident in BOTH the EVVRS and the HIB-ITP data collection system.

Any incident occurring in July and August, for HIB or any other offense, is NOT entered into EVVRS. However, every incident should always be investigated according to district policy and procedures. For HIB incidents occurring during July and August, school administrators are also still required to follow all procedures under the Anti-Bullying Bill of Rights Act, and the schools code of student conduct.

If additional information relative to an HIB investigation is received after the investigation is completed within the 10-day timeframe, and the Anti-Bullying Specialist finds it necessary to amend the original report, school staff must remember to review what was entered previously in the EVVRS and determine if any changes are necessary as a result of the Board of Education decision based on the amended HIB report presented to them by the chief school administrator. Depending on the situation, this may mean adding the incident as HIB in the EVVRS and the HIB-ITP, deleting an HIB incident, or modifying an incident in the EVVRS. Your district may choose to wait to enter HIB incidents in the EVVRS until the end of the each reporting period to ensure that all information is entered as accurately as possible.

In some cases, when an HIB report is modified based on additional information, the incident may no longer meet the definition of HIB; however, it may still need to be entered into EVVRS as another incident type if the details meet the criteria of one or more of the other EVVRS incident categories. For example, if an assault is associated with a suspected HIB incident, the assault would still be entered into EVVRS whether or not the case was affirmed by the Board of Education as HIB.

12WeaponsHandgunRifleAir gun, pellet gun, bb gunImitation firearmKnife, blade, razor, scissors, box cutterPin, pen, pencilChain, club, brass knucklesSprayBomb (unexploded or exploded) Otherhttp://homeroom.state.nj.us/evvrs/EVVRSincidentdefinitionsSep2014.pdf

13

Any incident involving a weapon should note whether the weapon was in a students possession, or was used as a weapon. The weapons category also has a box to check if sale/distribution of a weapon occurred. A weapon, per the definition, includes any instrument readily capable of lethal use or of inflicting bodily injury. Any object used by a student to inflict bodily injury that does not fit in one of these categories is reported in the other weapon category. 13WEAPONS scenario: the box cutterJason, a high school student, was found to have a box cutter in his pocket. He claimed he needed the box cutter for his job at a local grocery store a claim that was confirmed upon investigation. Jason has no history of violent behavior, and there is no indication that he will be violent in the future.Weapons include any instrument readily capable of lethal use or of inflicting bodily injury.

Possession: Having on ones person, in ones locker or vehicle one or more of the types of the following: handgun, rifle, air gun, pellet gun, bb gun, imitation firearm, bomb-exploded, bomb-unexploded, knife, blade, razor, scissors, box cutter, pin, sharp pen/pencil, chain, club, brass knuckles, sprayUsed in Offense: Using a weapon in the commission of an offense reported in another incident category, such as assault, criminal threat, extortion, damage to property. Sale/Distribution: Selling, giving, or having a weapon in ones possession, with the intent to distribute or sell.14

Here is a weapons scenario. Jason, a high school student, was found to have a box cutter in his pocket. He claimed he needed the box cutter for his job at a local grocery store a claim that was confirmed upon investigation. Jason has no history of violent behavior, and there is no indication that he will be violent in the future.

Should you report this?

Yes. Jason did not possess the box cutter for a legitimate school-approved purpose. Report the incident as Possession, under Weapons, selecting the Knife, blade, razor, scissors, box cutter category. 14Weapons: FirearmHandgun, rifle, or bomb is firearm U.S. definition and NJ definitionGun Free Schools Act (GFSA)Student removed from school for one yearStudent with disability: follow IDEAAir, pellet, bb gun are firearms according to N.J., not to U.S.Not part of GFSAToy gun v. imitation gunBomb threat/fake NOT weapon or firearmunder vandalism15

I want to spend a minute discussing the uncommon but very serious categories of firearms. First, the federal and New Jersey definition of firearm both agree that a handgun, rifle, or bomb are firearms.

According to the national Gun Free Schools Act, a student coming on school grounds with a firearm (per the federal definition) must be removed from the school for one year. There may be modifications to the removal made on a case-by-case basis by the district superintendent, and if the student is one with a disability, then schools must follow the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, New Jersey statute and state regulations for removing a student with a disability from his or her current educational placement. However, any modifications or exceptions must be documented and sent to the New Jersey Department of Education. Ideally, this can be done on the Incident Description Field located at the bottom of page 1 of the VV-SA form and entered into EVVRS. When the Department of Education doesnt have enough information on a firearm incident entered in EVVRS and any subsequent removal, we must call and ask you for a letter that details the necessary information so that the incident may be accurately reported to the federal government to fulfill Gun Free Schools Act requirements.

Air guns, pellet guns, and bb guns are considered firearms under the New Jersey definition, but NOT according to the federal definition thus they are not covered under Gun Free Schools Act.

Toy guns, that do not resemble real guns are NOT reported. On the other hand, imitation guns (an object that looks like a real handgun but cannot be fired or converted to a handgun) are reported as imitation firearms.

And if a student brings an actual bomb to school, this is reported and considered a firearm. However, if a bomb threat or a fake bomb is found, this would be reported as vandalism (no actual weapon was involved). Depending on the severity of the bomb threat, it might also be considered a criminal threat in the violence section as well. 15Substance use, possession, sale/distributionAlcoholMarijuanaAmphetaminesDesigner/Synthetic drugsCocaine/crackHallucinogensNarcoticsDepressantsAnabolic steroidsUnauthorized prescription drugsUnauthorized over the counter drugsInhalantsDrug Paraphernalia16

Here is the list of substances that are reported to EVVRS when found on school grounds. Examples of most of these can be found on the first page of the VV-SA.16Reporting Substance offensesUse, possession, or sale/distributionSuspicion EVVRS incidentFollow Administrative Code and Statute and arrange for immediate medical examination (NJSA 18A:40A-12 and NJAC 6A: 16-4.3(a)2ii)If student refuses evaluation, treat as use, note refusal in memo field, select suspected substance typeEnter incident in EVVRS if suspected use is confirmed17

In regards to substance offenses, if a student is found with any of the substances or drug paraphernalia listed on the previous slide on school grounds, this would be reported. Similar to weapons offenses, substance offenses may involve student use, possession, or sale/distribution.

Suspicion of substance use, by itself, is not reportable to EVVRS.

School staff must follow statute and code in reporting this incident and arranging for an immediate medical examination.

If the student refuses the medical examination, then use confirmed is recorded in EVVRS. Note the refusal in the memo field and select the suspected substance type.

If use is confirmed after an examination, enter the incident into EVVRS as use confirmed and select the substance type. In short, suspected use of a substance is not reported in EVVRS unless (a) the student refuses to be tested, or (b) the student subsequently tests positive for a substance.17Disciplinary actionRemovalIn-school suspensionOut-of-school suspension (also: unilateral removal & removal for dangerousness)Expulsion (all services discontinued)Other disciplinePrograms/services provided5+ days suspension = academic instruction10+ days = educational servicesMake sure EVVRS stays updatedhttp://homeroom.state.nj.us/evvrs/OffenderInformationPageResource.pdf

18

On the offender page of the VV-SA, along with student information and injury details, schools enter any disciplinary action resulting from the incident. This includes any type of removal, or other types of discipline, such as detention or suspension of privileges.

Along with disciplinary action, the form also collects details on the programs and services provided to student offenders. Support on completing the disciplinary action sections of the VV-SA can be found on the Offender Information Page Resource, the link at the bottom of this slide.

This resource also offers some guidelines to follow in cases of suspension students receiving 5 or more days suspension must at least receive academic instruction. Students receiving 10 or more days suspension are required to receive educational services (both academic instruction and support services).

Also, sometimes disciplinary action may change as more information about the incident is gathered and understood. It is important that what is entered into the EVVRS system is the most up-to-date information on that student.

18Reporting Suspensions of students with disabilities for reasons other than violence, vandalism, HIB or substance and weapons offensesMust report suspensions of students with disabilities to federal governmentIf incident meets EVVRS definition criteria: Use VV-SA formAll other reasons leading to suspension:use Report of Suspension of Students with Disabilities form

19

When the offender is a student with a disability and the incident results in suspension for reasons other than violence, vandalism, HIB, or substance and weapons offenses, use the Report of Suspensions of Students with Disabilities Form. This information is then reported in the second branch of the EVVRS. The department collects this information for mandatory reporting to the federal government each year.

The basic rule of thumb is this: if the incident fits the EVVRS definitions, use the VV-SA form.

If it was a non-EVVRS incident that led to suspension of a student with a disability, complete the Report of Suspension of Students with Disabilities form. Examples of a non-EVVRS incident that might result in an in-school or out-of-school suspension might include insubordination, defiance toward a teacher, or smoking on school property.

19

http://homeroom.state.nj.us/evvrs/other_suspension_2014-15_1204.pdf20

The form to report suspensions of students with disabilities is similar to the VV-SA and collects similar information, though it only offers two incidents types, minor physical altercation or other, and does not collect injury information. A link to the online version of the pdf is at the bottom of this slide. 20General EVVRS remindersOne incident can haveMultiple incident type categoriesMultiple offendersMultiple victimsEVVRS incidents must occur on school grounds, with the exception of HIB. For definitions, go to http://homeroom.state.nj.us/evvrs/EVVRSincidentdefinitionsSep2014.pdf

21http://homeroom.state.nj.us/evvrs/FAQs2015.pdfSchool GroundsNot School Grounds (HIB may be reported)BusBus StopPlayground when students are under school supervision during or after school hoursPlayground after school hours, when students NOT under school supervision

Weve reviewed reporting violence, vandalism, HIB, weapons offenses, and substance offenses in EVVRS. A couple reminders. First, EVVRS is an incident based collection system.

There may be an incident that fit multiple categories, as with the violence scenario where one incident was classified as both an assault and a fight. There may be an incident with more than one type (for example a fight that led to a window breaking would be violence and vandalism when serious incidental damage to property occurs during an act of violence).

There will be incidents with multiple offenders, and with multiple victims. When filling out an incident report, print and complete as many offender and victim pages as necessary.

Second, incidents must occur on school grounds to be reported, with the exception of HIB incidents. The definition of school grounds is on the incident definitions document, at the bottom of the first page.

Some locations may be confusing. For example, school grounds includes the school bus but not a bus stop; and includes a school playground, unless the incident happened after school hours when students were not under school supervision. An affirmed HIB incident (i.e., found to be HIB by the BOE)occurring at a bus stop or on the playground when students are not under school supervision would be reported.

For additional clarification on commonly asked questions like these, the EVVRS frequently asked questions document can be found at the link on the bottom of this slide. 21Staff incident REPORTINGTrain staff for VV-SA reporting:Know EVVRS definitionsUse descriptive languageBe factualAvoid subjective language

22

One last item to discuss is related to training staff on VV-SA reporting. It is important that staff are clear in their discipline referrals regarding what happened. Reporting an EVVRS-defined incident is based on the facts that are available to the employee making the reportincluding his or her own observations, direct knowledge gained from an offender or victim of the incident and/or the findings of police investigations. When training staff for VV-SA reporting, stress the importance of the EVVRS definitions. Ask that staff use descriptive language, focus on the facts in their reporting, and avoid subjective language. Lets look at an example:

22Which statement best describes what happened?I left my class and saw Joe and Sam in the hallway. Joe shoved Sam into a locker; Sam struck his head against the locker loudly.Joe maliciously attacked Sam, slamming him into lockerJoe assaulted SamTwo students were messing around in hallway before class

23

Which of these statements best describes what happened and would be best reported in an initial incident report to the EVVRS decision maker?

A: I left my class and saw Joe and Sam in the hallway. Joe shoved Sam into a locker; Sam struck his head against the locker loudly.

B: Joe maliciously attacked Sam, slamming him into locker

C: Joe assaulted Sam or

D: Two students were messing around in hallway before class

Description A is best. It describes what happened with facts and without subjectivity. When a staff member is describing to you what he or she observed, in writing or in person, ask that he or she document facts and try not to place judgment. Perceived characterizations of incidents are not helpful, and can lead to under or over reporting.

For example, with option B, a term like malicious as in Joe maliciously attacked Sam assumes that the witness has knowledge that the offender intended to cause harm to the victim.

A statement like D: Two students were messing around in the hallway gives us little information about what was observed. It is important for staff to be descriptive about what they actually saw and heard while being factual.

Also, it is important to take care with what words are used, particularly to avoid terms that have specific EVVRS incident definitions tied to them, like assault, as in option C, which may or may not apply to this case. While conducting monitoring visits last year, we found that a teacher might send in a discipline referral saying Student A and B were fighting, but upon reviewing what happened with the staff, witnesses, and the students, the EVVRS decision-maker ultimately determined that it did not meet the EVVRS definition of a fight, so did not report it. When we reviewed the documents, however, we did not have information on the follow up review, only the teachers referral of a fight, so it looked to us as though the school was not reporting incidents it was required to report.

23Additional resources:EVVRS and HIB-ITP resources are on the EVVRS Welcome Pagehttp://homeroom.state.nj.us/EVVRS.htm For EVVRS reporting due datesBroadcast memo For EVVRS system help User manualWhen in doubt, direct questions toevvrs@doe.state.nj.us

24

Additional resources, including broadcast memos and the user manual, may be found on the EVVRS welcome page, the first link on this slide. When in doubt, please send an email to the EVVRS support team at the address at the bottom of this slide.24Additional New training sessions for 2014-15Understanding the System: EVVRS Data Entry

and

Understanding the System: HIB-ITP Data Entry

Will be available at http://homeroom.state.nj.us/EVVRS.htm.

Thank you.25

Thank you very much for taking the time to review this training resource. Additional resources will be posted on the EVVRS homepage as they become available and your district will be notified via a broadcast memorandum.

25