Spring 2014 newsletter

This is always a very busy time of the year for us. Two major activities dominate our time.

The first is grantwriting. In the spring of every year, proposals for USDA's 1890 Institution Teaching, Research, and Extension Capacity Build-ing Grants Program are devel-oped and submitted. For those of you not familiar with the term "1890 Institution", here is a brief history. The Civil War, was the single most important factor leading to the establish-ment of the educational insti-tutions for African-Americans in the Southern States. Even after the abolition of slavery, African-Americans were not permitted to attend institu-

Goat NewsletterCooperative Extension Program

Langston University

The Newsletter of the E (Kika) de la Garza American Institute for Goat Research Spring 2014

The Cooperative Extension Program at Langston University provides educational programs to individuals regardless of race, color, national origin, religion, sex, age disability or status as a veteran. Issued in furtherance of Extension work, Act of September 29, 1977, in cooperation

with the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

From the Director’s Desktions in the South that were established under the Morrill Act of 1862; although the law did provide for separate but equal facilities. To overcome the problem of segregation, a second Morrill Act was passed in 1890 specifically to support the Negro Land-Grant institu-tions. Thus, the Negro Land- Grant institutions are referred to today as "The 1890 Institu-tions." Those Southern States which did not have institutions by 1890 each established one later under this Act. Langston was established in 1897 and immediately became an 1890 Institution.

These Capacity Building Grants are key to our research, extension, and teaching pro-grams. For example, our active research Capacity Building Grants, with principal investi-gator in parenthesis, are listed below.• Genomics of Resilience in Sheep

to Climatic Stressors (Dr. Art Goetsch).

• Sustainable Small Ruminant Pro-duction through Selection for Resistance to Internal Parasites (Dr. Tilahun Sahlu)

• Effects of Selected Nutritional Components on Immunity to Hae-monchus in Goats (Dr. Zaisen Wang).

• Establishing a Langston Univer-sity Testing Center for Electric

Fence Modifications of Cattle Barb Wire Fence for Goat Containment (Dr. Art Goetsch).

Our active extension Ca-pacity Building Grants are listed below.• Extension Education Delivery

Tools for Dairy Goat Producers: A Web-Based Certification Program and E-Book (Dr. Roger Merkel)

• Training Farmer Educators on Goat Mortality and Butcher Waste Composing, A Regional Approach (Dr. Roger Merkel)

• Enhancing Production Capabili-ties of Socially Disadvantaged and Underserved Farmers via Low-Literacy Meat Goat Production Training Materials in English and Spanish (Dr. Terry Gipson)

Generally, each of our scientists will submit a Capac-ity Building Grants proposal every year. If they are not suc-cessful, then a scientist will revise the proposal according to reviewers' comments. How-ever, if not successful a second time, the scientist will develop a new proposal. So you see, we are constantly busy developing and/or revising proposals.

The second major activity is preparing for our annual Goat Field Day. This year, our theme is Kidding and Kid Management and you can read more about our Goat Field Day on page 3 of this newsletter. The topic of kidding and kid

Page 2 Spring 2014Goat Newsletter

management is very important for all goat producers. USDA/APHIS conducted a survey of goat producers several years ago and reported several in-teresting results. I have sum-marized a few results.1. 93% of meat goat does bred and

91% of dairy goat does bred actu-ally kidded.

2. 95% of kids were born alive.3. 2.5% of bred does aborted.4. 11.5% of kids born alive died

before weaning. Kids on large operations experienced a higher mortality compared with kids on small and medium operations.

5. 70.0% of kids were born from January through April.

6. Dairy goat operations had a higher percentage of does that had multiple kids (twins/triplets; 68%) versus 47% for meat goat operations.

7. A higher percentage (78%) of dairy goat producers reported us-ing one breeding season per year compared with meat goat produc-ers (42%), while 37% of meat goat producers reported using “No defined breeding season.”

8. 70% of dairy goat producers have their does kid in a barn or shed as compared to 55% for meat goat producers. 46% of meat goat producers have their does kid on pasture as compared to 20% for dairy goat producers.

9. A higher percentage of dairy goat operations (57%) separated first-kidding does compared with meat goat operations (37%).

10. More than one of four dairy goat operations (28%) normally bottle fed kids compared with less than 0.5% of meat operations. Nursing was the most common method of feeding newborn kids on meat operations (88%).

11. A higher percentage of dairy goat operations provided creep or starter feed to kids compared with meat goat operations.

Points #1 through #3 tells us that goats generally do not have a problem with fertility. However, a problem tends to creep in with point #4 and that is why we chose this year's

theme. If we can reduce kid mortality with improved kid management, then we will enhance the profitability of the operation. However, points #6 through #11 demonstrate that improved kid management must be tailored to production objectives as dairy and meat goat producers differ in their management styles.

In addition to our annual Goat Field Day, we will be hosting a cheesemaking work-shop and a mortality compost-ing workshop on the day before the Goat Field Day. Dr. Steve Zeng, our Dairy Foods Tech-nologist, will be conducting the cheesemaking workshop. Participants will learn the fine art of cheesemaking from soft chevre to aged cheeses. This is a limited-attendence work-shop and persons interested in attending should contact Dr. Zeng. Dr. Roger Merkel will be organizing the workshop on mortality composting. All livestock producers encoun-ter mortality. Producers may experience annual mortality losses of up to 10% of young before weaning and 5% of adult breeding animals. Dead animals must be disposed of promptly.

If you cannot attend either of these pre-Goat Field Day workshops, you will be able to listen to some of the workshop speakers in the afternoon ses-sions of the Goat Field Day.

I hope to see you at the Goat Field Day.

Goat Newsletter is published quarterly by the Cooperative Extension Service of the E (Kika) de la Garza American Institute for Goat Research, L a ng s t on Un i v e r s i t y, Langston, Oklahoma.

Dr. Marvin Burns,Dean,

School of Agriculture and Applied Sciences

Dr. Vernon Jones,Associate Dean,

School of Agriculture and Applied Sciences

Dr. Tilahun Sahlu,Director,

E (Kika) de la Garza American Institute for Goat Research

E (Kika) de la Garza American Institute for Goat Research

Langston UniversityP.O. Box 730

Langston, OK 73050Phone: (405) 466-3836FAX: (405) 466-3138

http://www2.luresext.eduNewsletter Editor

Dr. Terry A. Gipson

The Cooperative Extension Program at Langston University, provides educational programs

to individuals regardless of race, color, national origin, religion, sex, age, disability or status as a veteran. Issued in furtherance of

Extension work, Act of September 29, 1977, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Page 3Spring 2014 Goat Newsletter

Kidding and Kid Management:Goat Field Day 2014Our annual Goat Field Day will be held on Saturday, April 26, 2014 at the Langston University Goat Farm with registration beginning at 8:00 a.m. This year's theme will be Kidding and Kid Management.

Adult Activity (morning session): This year our featured speakers will be Ms. Jan Carlson and Dr. Charlotte Clifford-Rathert.

Ms. Jan Carlson has managed the University of California Davis Goat Facility for the past 14 years, maintaining breeding-teaching-research herds of approximately 140 goats (80 dairy, 40 Boer, and a group of transgenic research goats). She also teaches goat husbandry/animal science classes both in the classroom and at the goat facility.

Ms. Carlson began working with goats in 1979, when she was hired to work on a research project involving a just-discovered goat virus, later named Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus (CAEV). She continued her work as a research associate at Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Pathol-ogy, until 1995. From 1995 until 1999 she worked in Texas when the first Boer goats were being imported into the United States, where she programmed nu-merous embryo transfer groups, showed at the early ABGA National shows and maintained an import

quarantine facility in compliance with the USDA Animal Welfare Act.

Ms. Carlson is a member of the American Dairy Goat Association (ADGA) where she serves on a number of committees. She has served as Director on the Board of the American Goat Federation (AGF) since 2012, and is a past Director of the American Boer Goat Association (ABGA). She also is on the Dairy Goat Advisory Committee for DHIA West.

Dr. Charlotte Clifford-Rathert is an Assistant Professor in the College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, Cooperative Extension and Research of Lincoln University in Jefferson City, Missouri. She serves as the State Small Ruminant Specialist. Her focus involves studying embryonic and fetal losses in goats, vegetation control using goats and sheep, and small ruminant management. Currently her projects are funded by USDA and NRCS. She also contrib-utes to the eXtension Goat Industry Community of Practice Leadership Committee. Her goals are to help promote and maintain a market for today’s goat and sheep producers and provide educational answers to health questions that goat and sheep producers may have. She is a contributor to the eXtension Goat Community of Practice (www.extension.org/goats).

Dr. Clifford-Rathert received her Bachelor of Science in Animal Science from the University of Nevada, Reno in 1981. She worked in various fields of Agriculture such as small ruminant management, extension, and research before pursuing a Doctor of


Veterinary Medicine from the University of Missouri, Columbia in 1992. She practiced in a mixed animal practice in Central Missouri until joining Lincoln University in November 2007.

Adult Activities (afternoon session): In the afternoon session, participants will break into small-group workshops. There will be a total of fifteen workshops; however, participants will only have time enough to attend three.

The afternoon workshops include:• Goat Kidding: plan for success with Ms. Jan

Carlson (1:30 p.m. ONLY).• Goat Kidding: procedures and obstetrics with

Ms. Jan Carlson (2:30 p.m. ONLY).• Goat Kid Raising: the cold milk feeding pro-

gram and other options with Ms. Jan Carlson (3:30 p.m. ONLY).

• Internal Parasite Control - sustainable internal parasite control program with Dr. Charlotte Clifford-Rathert (1:30 p.m. ONLY).

• Diseases of Concern during Pregnancy and Kidding – diseases that every producer should know and identify especially those that can be transmitted to humans with Dr. Charlotte Clif-ford-Rathert (2:30 p.m. and 3:30 p.m. ONLY).

• Basic Herd Health - herd health program including vaccinations, injection sites, and approved drugs with Dr. Lionel Dawson (1:30 p.m. and 2:30 p.m. ONLY).

• Nutrition for Health and Production - calcula-tion of energy, protein and feed intake require-ments with Dr. Steve Hart (2:30 p.m. and 3:30 p.m. ONLY).

• Goat Farm Budgeting - basics of budgeting and financial recordkeeping with Mr. Roger Sahs.

• Sketching Goats in the Field - basics of how to draw any type of goat in a natural setting with Mr. Ken Williams.

• DHI Training - supervisor/tester training for dairy goat producers including scale certifica-tion with Ms. Eva Vasquez.

• Cheesemaking Overview - basics of cheese-making with Dr. Steve Zeng.

• USDA Government Programs - overview of

USDA Natural Resource Conservation Ser-vice's work with goats and its cost-sharing program with Mr. Dwight Guy.

• Pack Goats - basic goat training as a pack animal and equipment needs with Mr. Dwite Sharp.

• Mortality Composting – overview of basic composting techniques and equipment for disposing of goat mortalities moderated by Dr. Roger Merkel.

• Fitting and Showing for Youth and Adults - tips and pointers on fitting and show ring etiquette with Mr. Dakota Ash (this is a half-day after-noon workshop).

Fun Tent Youth Activity: Ms. Sheila Stevenson will host a full day of activities for youth ages 5-12 in the Fun Tent. This will allow the parents and older teens to enjoy the workshops knowing that their little ones are having fun in a safe environment.

Registration for the Goat Field Day is FREE but there is a $10.00 per person charge for the optional lunch of barbecued goat and goat milk ice cream. You can bring your own lunch, if you desire. Regardless of lunch preferences, we ask everyone to pre-register.

Cheesemaking Workshop: Our ever-popular goat milk cheesemaking workshop has been sched-uled on Friday, April 25, 2014 (the day before our annual Goat Field Day on April 26). This one-day hands-on workshop will be held in the pilot creamery at Langston University. For the cheesemaking work-shop, there is a registration fee of $100.00/person. Only the first 20 registrants will be admitted.

Mortality Composting Workshop: We will hold a workshop on mortality composting, which is sched-uled on Friday, April 25, 2014 (the day before our annual Goat Field Day on April 26). This workshop is free but participants are encouraged to pre-register.

For information regarding the cheesemaking workshop, please contact Dr. Steve Zeng at 405-466-6145 or [email protected].

For information regarding the mortality composting workshop, please contact Dr. Roger Merkel at 405-466-6134 or [email protected].

For information regarding the 2014 Goat Field Day, please contact Dr. Terry Gipson at 405-466-6126 or at [email protected].

You can register online for the 2014 Goat Field Dayhttp://www2.luresext.edu/goats/library/fd2014.html

GOAT FIELD DAY

Saturday, April 26, 2014 Registration at 8:00 a.m.

Langston University Goat Farm

Registration for the Goat Field Day is FREE

For more information call (405) 466-6126 or register on-line at

http://www2.luresext.edu/goats/library/fd2014.html

Bring your own lunch or you can Pre-Register for Lunch (BBQ goat, beans, potato salad,

refreshments, and goat ice cream; only $10)

INSTRUCTIONS FOR PRE-REGISTRATION (one form per person): 1.- Write your name, address, and telephone number below. Indicate if you will be registering for lunch. 2.- Select afternoon workshops from each time period to attend from the schedule on the back of this form. 3.- Write a check payable to "RESEARCH SALES" for the amount, if registering for lunch.

4.- Mail this form and the check as soon as possible. PRE-REGISTRATION FORM NAME: _______________________________________________ TELEPHONE: (_____)__________ ADDRESS: ____________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ZIP: _____________ Email: ___________________________ (If you include an email address, you will receive verification of your registration.)

Registration for Goat Field Day is FREE; however, there is a fee for lunch. You may bring your own lunch.

Lunch Pre-Registration (Deadline April 18, 2013) Adults ($10.00 each) _______ Children (12 and under) ($5.00 each) _______ TOTAL _______

Make checks payable to: Research Sales Please mail this form and check to: Agric. Res. and Ext. Prog. Langston University P.O. Box 730 Langston, OK 73050 ATTN: FIELD DAY

2014 Goat Field Day Registration - Adult M

orni

ng

9:00

- 11

:45

a.m

.

IMPORTANT!! Adult participants will attend a general morning session starting at 9:00 a.m. and will be able to attend three breakout sessions in the afternoon. Please choose your three afternoon workshops below.

Afte

rnoo

n Se

ssio

ns

1:30

- 2:

20 p

.m.

Please Select a Workshop for this session and Enter the Workshop number here:

_________

Afternoon Workshop Choices: The afternoon workshops include:

1. Goat Kidding: plan for success with Ms. Jan Carlson (1:30 p.m. ONLY).

2. Goat Kidding: procedures and obstetrics with Ms. Jan Carlson (2:30 p.m. ONLY).

3. Goat Kid Raising: the cold milk feeding program and other options with Ms. Jan Carlson (3:30 p.m. ONLY).

4. Internal Parasite Control - sustainable internal parasite control program with Dr. Charlotte Clifford-Rathert (1:30 p.m. ONLY).

5. Diseases of Concern during Pregnancy and Kidding – diseases that every producer should know and identify especially those that can be transmitted to humans with Dr. Charlotte Clifford-Rathert (2:30 p.m. and 3:30 p.m. ONLY).

6. Basic Herd Health - herd health program including vaccinations, injection sites, and approved drugs with Dr. Lionel Dawson (1:30 p.m. and 2:30 p.m. ONLY).

7. Nutrition for Health and Production - calculation of energy, protein and feed intake requirements with Dr. Steve Hart (2:30 p.m. and 3:30 p.m. ONLY).

8. Goat Farm Budgeting - basics of budgeting and financial recordkeeping with Mr. Roger Sahs.

9. Sketching Goats in the Field - basics of how to draw any type of goat in a natural setting with Mr. Ken Williams.

10. DHI Training - supervisor/tester training for dairy goat producers including scale certification with Ms. Eva Vasquez.

11. Cheesemaking Overview - basics of cheesemaking with Dr. Steve Zeng.

12. USDA Government Programs - overview of USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service's work with goats and its cost-sharing program with Mr. Dwight Guy.

13. Pack Goats - basic goat training as a pack animal and equipment needs with Mr. Dwite Sharp.

14. Mortality Composting – overview of basic composting techniques and equipment for disposing of goat mortalities moderated by Dr. Roger Merkel.

15. Fitting and Showing for Youth and Adults - tips and pointers on fitting and show ring etiquette with Mr. Dakota Ash (this is a half-day afternoon workshop).

2:30

- 3:

20 p

.m.


_________

3:30

- 4:

20 p

.m.


_________

The Cooperative Extension Program at Langston University, provides educational programs to individuals regardless of race, color, national origin, religion, sex, age, disability or status as a veteran. Issued in furtherance of Extension Work, Act of September 29, 1977, in cooperation with the U.S.

Department of Agriculture. In compliance with the ADA Act, participants with special needs can be reasonably accommodated by contacting Dr.

Terry Gipson at (405) 466-6126 at least five business days prior to the Goat Field Day.

The Cooperative Extension Program at Langston University provides educational programs to individuals regardless of race, color, national origin, sex, age, religion, disability, or status as a veteran. Issued in furtherance of Extension Work Act of September 29, 1977, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Cooperative Extension Program 4-H Youth Development Langston University, P.O. Box 1730, Langston, OK 73050 Phone: (405) 466-3836 Fax: (405) 466-6177 Greetings Goat Field Day Participants: This letter is to invite you to bring your youth (ages 5-13) to enjoy a full day of Fun, Food & Excitement during Goat Field Day, Saturday, April 26, 2014. This is the 12th year that the Cooperative Extension Program has hosted a “Fun Tent” filled with activities to keep your youth engaged while you enjoy your workshops and seminars. This year we are offering some new activities for the youth to enjoy. P lease Note: I f your youth w ill be signing up for the ½-day Fitting & Show ing session, please check the box on the Youth Registration. We w ill need to know how many youth w ill be leaving the Fun Tent to attend that afternoon workshop. New Activities include: Cool Science (ages 9 & up); Geo Boards (9 & up); Leather Craft (9 & up); Environmental Exploration (9 & up). We will still have a ½-day GPS scavenger hunt on campus, (weather permitting), for older youth as well. Youth will learn the basics of GPS and will use a GPS unit to find "hidden" objects. Youth ages 5 to 8 will enjoy a host of activities throughout the day including some of our favorites: Pony Rides; Kid Petting Area; Face Painting; Exercise; Photo Greeting Cards; a Movie Room and much more. Due to increasing numbers of youth participants, we strongly encourage an adult or older sibling to accompany younger youth. Included in this letter is the youth registration form, Waiver of Liability form, and Participant Stamp card. Complete one form per child (make as many copies as needed) and return with your Goat Field Day Registration. Lunch will be provided onsite for youth participants. We are excited to have the opportunity to make a positive investment in the lives of our youth. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact Sheila Stevenson @ 405-466-6118 or Dr. Terry Gipson @ 405-466-6126. Sincerely,

Sheila Stevenson Extension Specialist II 4-H Youth Development Cooperative Extension Service Langston University


Youth Registration

Langston University School of Agriculture and Applied Sciences

Goat Field Day 2014

Please Print Youth Name: Last MI First

Age as of April 26, 2014: __________Grade as of Jan. 2014: ____ _ Male or Female (circle one) Youth Address: _________ _

Street/POB/RR Apt# City State Zip Home phone: ( ) Email Address: Parent or Guardian Name: ___ Relationship: Name and Phone to contact of Parent or Guardian during Field Day Activities: Name: Cell Phone: ( )

⃞ w ill be attending the ½-day Fitting & Show ing session (afternoon)

Optional Information Member of 4-H: □ Yes □ No Member of FFA: □ Yes □ No 4-H Club and County:_________________________________________________ _ FFA Chapter:

Please fil l out the attached Goat Field Day Youth Registration forms to complete your packet.


Goat Field Day 4-H Fun Tent 2014 Youth Registration

Waiver and Release of Liability (Minors must have signature of Parents/Legal Guardian)

PLEASE TYPE OR PRINT

Name of participant:

(Last) (First) (Middle)

DOB: ____________________ Age ______ Race _________________ Gender ( ) M ( ) F (Month) (Day) (Year)

Address: Street City/Town State Zip

Emergency & Event Pickup contact: Name: Relationship to youth: Cell Phone ( ) __________________

If you have any serious health issues/problems or food allergies that we should be aware of, please list:

WAIVER, RELEASE AND INDEMNITY AGREEMENT

In consideration of receiving permission for to participate in the Cooperative Extension Program “Goat Field Day – 4-H Fun Tent” and any other Goat Field Day sponsored activity, event, contest or meeting, the undersigned hereby releases and forever discharges the Cooperative Extension Program at Langston University and Board of Regents for the Oklahoma State University and Agricultural and Mechanical Colleges, their heirs, executors, or corporations liable or who might be claimed to be liable, none of whom admit any liability to the undersigned but all expressly deny any liability, from any and all claims, demands, damages, actions, causes of action or suits of any kind or nature whatsoever, and particularly on account of all wrongful death caused by negligence, injuries, known and unknown, both to person and property, which have resulted or may in the future develop from an accident which occurred while attending this event. I acknowledge that I have read the foregoing and have been fully and completely advised of the potential dangers incidental to engaging or receiving instruction in the activity described here in above and am fully aware of the legal consequences of signing this form. Parent or Legal Guardian (Sign name here) Relationship to Minor ______________________________________ Undersigned (Print name here) Cell Phone Address (if different from Minor) E-Mail address ________________________ Sheila Stevenson, Coordinator Date Cooperative Extension Representative


Name: (Nickname): Age: Gender: M or F Allergies: Emergency Contact Person: Phone with Area Code: Session #s / / / / Age Group Names--(Please circle one) 3 to 5 year olds—(Cubs) 6-8 year olds—(Explorers) 9-11 year olds—(Trackers) 12 and up—(Lions) Youth will receive a stamp for each activity they complete.

Name: (Nickname): Age: Gender: M or F Allergies: Emergency Contact Person: Phone with Area Code: Session #s / / / / Age Group Names--(Please circle one) 3 to 5 year olds—(Cubs) 6-8 year olds—(Explorers) 9-11 year olds—(Trackers) 12 and up—(Lions) Youth will receive a stamp for each activity they complete.

Team Leader(s)

Team Leader(s)

Page 11Spring 2014 Goat Newsletter

Research SpotlightAdapting Goats to Electric Fencing.

Forty Boer (B) wethers (150 days of age and 44 lb), 40 B doelings (163 days of age and 49 lb), 33 Spanish (S) wethers (162 days of age and 40 lb), and 42 S doelings (163 days of age and 33 lb) were used to investigate effects of adaptation treatment (AT) on behavior when exposed to barb wire fence with different electric strand treatments. Breeds were divided into 2 sets with 5 groups of 3 to 4 animals. Five 8×12 ft evaluation pens had 1 side with barb wire strands at 12, 22, 32, 42, and 52 inches from the ground. Fence treatments were electrified strands (6 kV) at 6 and 17 (LH), 6 and 9 (LM), 6 (L), 9 (M), and 17 inches (H). After animals experienced exit from evaluation pens without electric strands (NES), AT of dif-ferent modifications with electric fence strands were imposed 1 time each week for <30 min: wk 1 - 1 strand at 0 kV, wk 2 - LH, wk 3 - LH, and wk 4 - NES for 1 set of each breed (BC and SC); wk 1 - NES, wk 2 - 1 strand at 0 kV, wk 3 - L, and wk 4 - NES for the other set of B (BU); wk 1 - 1 strand at 0 kV, wk 2 - LH, wk 3 - LH, and wk 4 - LH for the other set of S (SU). Based on differences in initial behavior, BU and SU were designed to achieve similar behavior during the experiment, with differences between BC and SC expected. The % of animals exiting pens differed among AT (5.5, 39.9, 60.6, and 0.0% for BC, BU, SC, and SU, respectively) and FT (9.1, 2.8, 15.4, 62.4, and 22.6% for LH, LM, L, H, and M, respectively). Period affected animals shocked without exit (4.2 and 12.6% in period 1 and 2, respectively) and goats exiting with shock (14.5 and 1.3%), but did not affect exit. In conclusion, use of the same AT for B and S resulted in different behavior when later exposed to FT and BU affected pen exit as anticipated. However, SU was highly prohibitive to exit and would not be suitable for a method of evaluating different electric fence strand modifi-cations of barb wire fence for goat containment.

Tsukahara, Y., A. L. Goetsch, T. A. Gipson, J. Hayes, R. Puchala, and T. Sahlu. 2013. Effects of adaptation and meat goat breed in a method to evaluate electric fence additions to barb wire fence for goat containment. J. Anim. Sci. Vol. 91, E-Suppl. 2/J. Dairy Sci. Vol. 96, E-Suppl. 1, p. 612.

Supplementation and Carcass Traits.Spanish (S; 28 to 40 wk of age) and Boer (B;

33 to 46 wk) wethers were used to determine ef-fects of level and length of supplementation on carcass amounts and concentrations of ash, N, water, and fat. The completely randomized experi-ment had 110 and 108 day periods (PR). Wethers resided on pastures with free-choice alfalfa hay and supplemented with 0.5 or 1.5% BW (SL; DM basis; L and H, respectively) of a pelleted diet (16% CP, 60% TDN). Five S and 6 B were harvested initially, and 12 per breed (BR) and SL after PR 1 and 2. There were BR differences in initial bodyweight (73 and 52 lb), carcass weight (34 and 24 lb) and amounts of ash (1.5 and 1.0 lb), protein (7.7 and 4.9 lb), and fat (7.3 and 4.8 lb) for B and S goats, respectively. On a carcass basis B goats had a lower level of water (51.3 and 55.2%) than S goats. H goats had greater ash (2.1 and 1.9 lb), protein (9.0 and 7.7 lb), and water (28.0 and 25.3 lb) than L goats. H goats in PR2 had great-est amounts of fat (8.9, 8.0, 13.9, and 9.2 lb) for PR1H, PR1L, PR2H, and PR2L, respectively), with corresponding differences in % carcass fat. B goats had greater ash (2.3 and 1.7 lb), water (30.2 and 23.1 lb), and fat (12.7 and 7.3 lb) than S goats. Carcass protein was greater in B goats in PR1 than PR2 and greater than amounts in S goats (10.1, 8.8, 7.4, and 7.0 lb for PR1B, PR2B, PR2S, and PR1S, respectively). Carcass protein percentage was lowest for H goats in PR2 (20.1, 18.8, 16.0, and 16.9%, for PR1B, PR1S, PR2B, and PR2S, respectively). The differences in com-ponent amounts are in accord with those seen in carcass weight (52 and 45 lb for H and L; 56 and 41 lb for B and S; 45 and 52 lb for PR 1 and 2, respectively). Supplementation and period led to increased weights of carcass components and B goats accumulated fat in the carcass to a greater extent than S goats.

Merkel, R.C., T.A. Gipson, Z. Wang, and A. L. Goetsch. 2013. Effects of level and length of supplementation on carcass amounts and percentages of ash, N, water, total fat, and energy. J. Anim. Sci. Vol. 91, E-Suppl. 2/J. Dairy Sci. Vol. 96, E-Suppl. 1, p. 365.


Goat NewsletterE (Kika) de la Garza American Institute for Goat ResearchLangston UniversityP.O. Box 730Langston, OK 73050

Goat Field Day 2014Kidding and Kid

ManagementYou can register online

http://www2.luresext.edu/goats/library/fd2014.html

Documents

Spring 2014 newsletter