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Punne%SquareandDyhybridCrosses
SpongeBobGene8cs1&2
Scien&stsatBikiniBo.omshavebeeninves&ga&ngthegene&cmakeupoftheorganismsinthiscommunity.
Usetheinforma&onprovidedandyourknowledgeofgene&cstoanswereachques&on.
1. Foreachgenotypebelow,indicatewhetheritisaheterozygous(He)ORhomozygous
(Ho).
TT_____Bb_____DD_____Ff_____%_____dd_____Dd_____ff_____Tt_____bb_____BB_____FF_____
Whichofthegenotypesin#1wouldbeconsideredpurebred?
Whichofthegenotypesin#1wouldbehybrids?
2.Determinethephenotypeforeachgenotypeusingtheinforma&onprovidedaboutSpongeBob.Yellowbodycolorisdominanttoblue.
YY________________Yy________________yy________________Squareshapeisdominanttoround.
SS________________Ss________________ss________________
3.Foreachphenotype,givethegenotypesthatarepossibleforPatrick.Atallhead(T)isdominanttoshort(t).
Tall=_______________Short=_______________Pinkbodycolor(P)isdominanttoyellow(p).
Pinkbody=_____________Yellowbody=_________________
4.SpongeBobSquarePantsrecentlymetSpongeSusieRoundpantsatadance.SpongeBobisheterozygousforhissquareshape,butSpongeSusieisround.CreateaPunne.squaretoshowthepossibili&esthatwouldresultifSpongeBobandSpongeSusiehadchildren.HINT:Readques&on#2!A. Listthepossiblegenotypesandphenotypesfortheirchildren.
B.Whatarethechancesofachildwithasquareshape?____outof____or____%C.Whatarethechancesofachildwitharoundshape?____outof____or____%
5.PatrickmetPaYatthedance.Bothofthemareheterozygousfortheirpinkbodycolor,whichisdominantoverayellowbodycolor.CreateaPunne.squaretoshowthepossibili&esthatwouldresultifPatrickandPaYhadchildren.HINT:Readques&on#3!A. Listthepossiblegenotypesandphenotypesfortheirchildren.
B.Whatarethechancesofachildwithapinkbody?____outof____or____%C.Whatarethechancesofachildwithayellowbody?____outof____or____%
6.EveryoneinSquidward’sfamilyhaslightblueskin,whichisthedominanttraitforbodycolorinhishometownofSquidValley.Hisfamilybragsthattheyarea“purebred”line.Herecentlymarriedanicegirlwhohaslightgreenskin,whichisarecessivetrait.CreateaPunne.squaretoshowthepossibili&esthatwouldresultifSquidwardandhisnewbridehadchildren.UseBtorepresentthedominantgeneandbtorepresenttherecessivegene.A. Listthepossiblegenotypesandphenotypesfortheirchildren.
B.Whatarethechancesofachildwithlightblueskin?____%C.Whatarethechancesofachildwithlightgreenskin?____%D.WouldSquidward’schildrens8llbeconsideredpurebreds?Explain!
7.AssumethatoneofSquidward’ssons,whoisheterozygousforthelightbluebodycolor,marriedagirlthatwasalsoheterozygous.CreateaPunne.squaretoshowthepossibili&esthatwouldresultiftheyhadchildren.A. Listthepossiblegenotypesandphenotypesfortheirchildren.
B.Whatarethechancesofachildwithlightblueskin?____%C.Whatarethechancesofachildwithlightgreenskin?____%
8.Mr.KrabbsandhiswiferecentlyhadaLil’Krabby,butithasnotbeenahappyoccasionforthem.Mrs.Krabbshasbeenupsetsinceshefirstsawhernewbabywhohadshorteyeballs.Sheclaimsthatthehospitalgoofedandmixedupherbabywithsomeoneelse’sbaby.Mr.Krabbsishomozygousforhistalleyeballs,whilehiswifeisheterozygousforhertalleyeballs.Somemembersofherfamilyhaveshorteyes,whichistherecessivetrait.CreateaPunne.squareusingTforthedominantgeneandtfortherecessiveone.A. Listthepossiblegenotypesandphenotypesfortheirchildren.
B.Didthehospitalmakeamistake?Explainyouranswer.
1. Usetheinforma8onforSpongeBob’straitstowritethephenotype(physicalappearance)foreachitem.
(a)LL-______________(e)Rr-_______________
(b)yy-_______________(f)ll-_______________
(c)Ss-_______________(g)ss-_______________
(d)RR-_____________(h)Yy-______________
2.Usetheinforma8oninthechartin#1towritethegenotype(orgenotypes)foreachtraitbelow.
(a) Yellowbody-___________(e)Stubbynose-___________
(b)Roundpants-___________(f)Roundeyes-____________
(c)Ovaleyes-______________(g)Squarepants-___________
(d)Longnose-_____________(h)Bluebody-____________
3. Determine the genotypes for each using the information in the chart in #1.
(a) Heterozygous round eyes -_____ (c) Homozygous long nose - ______
(b) Purebred squarepants - ______ (d) Hybrid yellow body - ______
4.OneofSpongeBob’scousins,SpongeBillyBob,recentlymetacutesquarepantsgal,SpongeGerdy,atalocaldanceandfellinlove.Useyourknowledgeofgene8cstoanswertheques8onsbelow.(a) IfSpongeGerdy’sfatherisaheterozygoussquarepantsandhermotherisaroundpants,whatishergenotype?CompletethePunne%squaretoshowthepossiblegenotypesthatwouldresulttohelpyoudetermineGerdy’sgenotype.WhatisGerdy’sgenotype?(b)SpongeBillyBobisheterozygousforhissquarepantsshape.Whatishisgenotype?(c)CompletethePunne%squaretoshowthepossibili8esthatwouldresultifBillyBob&Gerdyhadchildren.(d)Listthepossiblegenotypesandphenotypesforthekids.(e)Whatistheprobabilityofkidswithsquarepants?(f)Whatistheprobabilityofkidswithroundpants?
5.SpongeBob’sauntanduncle,SpongeWilmaandSpongeWilbur,havethebiggestroundeyesinthefamily.Wilmaisbelievedtobeheterozygousforherroundeyeshape,whileWilbur’sfamilybragsthattheyareapureline.CompletethePunne%squaretoshowthepossibili8esthatwouldresultifSpongeWilmaandSpongeWilburhadchildren.(a) Givethegenotypeforeachperson.(b) Wilma–Wilbur-(b)CompletethePunne%squaretoshowthepossibili8esthatwouldresultiftheyhadchildren.(c)Listthepossiblegenotypesandphenotypesforthekids.(d)Whatistheprobabilitythatthekidswouldhaveroundeyes?(e)Whatistheprobabilitythatthekidswouldbeovaleyes?
6.SpongeBob’smotherissoproudofhersonandhisnewwife,SpongeSusie,astheyareexpec8ngali%lesponge.Sheknowsthattheyhavea50%chanceofhavingali%leroundpants,butisalsohopingthenewarrivalwillbeblue(arecessivetrait)likeSpongeSusieandmanymembersofherfamily.IfSpongeBobisheterozygousforhisyellowbodycolor,whatarethechancesthatthebabyspongewillbeblue?CreateaPunne%squaretohelpyouanswerthisques8on.
7.SpongeBob’sauntisfamousaroundtownforheri%y,bi%ystubbynose!Sherecentlymetacutesquarepantsfellowwhoalsohasastubbynose,whichisarecessivetrait.Woulditbepossibleforthemtohaveachildwitharegularlongnose?Whyorwhynot?CreateaPunne%squaretohelpyouanswerthisques8on.
8.IfSpongeBob’sauntdescribedin#7wantedchildrenwithlongnoses,whattypeoffellowwouldsheneedtomarryinordertogiveherthebestchances?CreateaPunne%squaretohelpyouanswerthisques8on.
Dihybrid Cross: a cross that shows the possible
offspring for two traits
Fur Color: B: Black b: White
Coat Texture: R: Rough r: Smooth
In this example, we will cross a heterozygous individual with another
heterozygous individual. Their genotypes will be:
BbRr x BbRr
Dihybrid Cross
BbRr x BbRr Step 1: Find ALL possible gametes that can
be made from each parent. Remember, each gamete must have one B
and one R.
Dihybrid Cross BbRr x BbRr
Possible gametes: BR Br bR br
Step 2: Arrange all possible gametes for one parent on
the top of your Punnett Square and the other parent
on the side
Dihybrid Crosses: a cross that shows the possible offspring for two traits
Fur Color: B: Black b: White
Coat Texture: R: Rough r: Smooth
BbRr x BbRr BR bR
br
bR
Br
BR
br Br
Step 3: Fill in the Punnett Square
(find the possible genotypes of the
offspring)
Dihybrid Crosses: a cross that shows the possible offspring for two traits
Fur Color: B: Black b: White
Coat Texture: R: Rough r: Smooth
BbRr x BbRr BR bR
br
bR
Br
BR
br Br
BBRR BbRR BbRr
BBRr BBrr BbRr Bbrr
BbRR BbRr bbRR bbRr
BbRr Bbrr bbRr bbrr
BBRr
BR bR
br
bR
Br
BR
br Br
BBRR BbRR BbRr
BBRr BBrr BbRr Bbrr
BbRR BbRr bbRR bbRr
BbRr Bbrr bbRr bbrr
BBRr
How many of the offspring would have a
black, rough coat?
How many of the offspring would have a black, smooth coat?
How many of the offspring would have a
white, rough coat?
How many of the offspring would have a white, smooth coat?
Fur Color: B: Black b: White
Coat Texture: R: Rough r: Smooth
BR bR
br
bR
Br
BR
br Br
BBRR BbRR BbRr
BBRr BBrr BbRr Bbrr
BbRR BbRr bbRR bbRr
BbRr Bbrr bbRr bbrr
BBRr
How many of the offspring would have black, rough coat?
How many of the offspring would have a black, smooth coat?
How many of the offspring would have a
white, rough coat?
How many of the offspring would have a white, smooth coat?
Fur Color: B: Black b: White
Coat Texture: R: Rough r: Smooth
Phenotypic Ratio=
9:3:3:1
Practice in your notes…
In pea plants, yellow seeds (Y) are dominant over green seeds (y), and rounded peas (R) are dominant over wrinkled peas (r).
Cross (what do you have to draw?) a plant that is
heterozygous for both traits with a plant that is homozygous recessive for both traits. Draw a Punnett square to show all possible offspring, and determine the genotypic and phenotypic ratios.
YyRr X yyrr
YR yR
yr
yr
yr
yr
yr Yr
YyRr yyRr yyrr
YyRr Yyrr yyRr yyrr
YyRr Yyrr yyRr yyrr
YyRr Yyrr yyRr yyrr
Yyrr