Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Splash Screen
Chapter Menu
Chapter Introduction
Section 1: The Diversity of Americans
Section 2: Who Are America’s Citizens?
Section 3: Government and the People
Visual Summary
Chapter Intro 1
Our Declaration of Independence proclaims that “all men are created equal.” This does not mean that everyone is born with the same wealth, intelligence, strength, or ambition. Each one of us has a unique combination of qualities and characteristics. The words of the Declaration mean that all people should have equal rights, which is the cornerstone of the democratic ideal.
Chapter Intro 2
Section 2: Who Are America’s Citizens?
Citizens possess certain rights. With citizenship, there are also certain responsibilities expected of all Americans. In the United States, there are two ways to become a citizen: by birth and by a process called naturalization.
Chapter Intro 2
Section 3: Government and the People
People form governments to establish order, provide security, and accomplish common goals. Democratic governments perform necessary functions so citizens can live together peacefully.
Chapter Intro 2
Section 1: The Diversity of Americans
As American citizens, we make a commitment to the nation and to the values and principles that are part of United States democracy. In addition to the common values and civic unity, the United States benefits from its rich diversity.
Section 1-Main Idea
Guide to Reading
Big Idea
As American citizens, we make a commitment to the nation and to the values and principles that are part of United States democracy.
Section 1-Key Terms
Guide to Reading
Content Vocabulary
• civics
• citizenship
• citizen
• service economy
• value
• popular sovereignty
• institution
Section 1-Key Terms
Guide to Reading
Academic Vocabulary
• diverse
• ethnic
• principle
A. A
B. B
Section 1-Polling Question
Do you think a person should have to own property or wealth in order to be an American citizen?
A. Yes
B. No
Section 1
What is Civics?
Civics is the study of the rights and duties of citizens.
Section 1
What is Civics? (cont.)
• Civics is the study of the rights and duties of citizens.
• Changes in citizenship requirements
• First Citizens • Only Men• Own Property
• Now• Gender, wealth, and race do not
matter
Section 1
What is Civics? (cont.)
• Rights and duties of citizens:
– Owe loyalty to the government
– Entitled to protection from the government
• Citizens as part of a country
• Common history, customs, or beliefs
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
Section 1
Why do you think the study of civics is important?
A. Understand my rights
B. Understand myresponsibilities
C. Know the limitations of government
D. All the above
Section 1
A Changing Society
American society has undergone many changes in the past, and these changes continue today.
Section 1
A Changing Society (cont.)
• The United States is a nation of immigrants.
• Immigration from Europe:
– Early immigration
– After American independence
– From southern and eastern Europe
U.S. Foreign-Born Population, 1850–2005
Section 1
A Changing Society (cont.)
• Changes in immigration patterns:
– Latin America
– Asia
• African immigrants brought by force
Section 1
A Changing Society (cont.)
• Ethnic diversity:
– Whites of European descent
– African Americans
– Asians and Pacific Islanders
– Native Americans
– Latinos
United States Immigration, 2004
Section 1
A Changing Society (cont.)
• Religious diversity:
– Christians
– Jews
– Muslims
– Buddhists
– Other religious groups
Section 1
A Changing Society (cont.)
• Population growth and change today:
– Birthrate
– Service Economy
– Increasing population in the South and West
Section 1
A Changing Society (cont.)
– Rising age of citizens
– Increasing levels of education
– Growing Latino population
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
Section 1
How do you view the current trend in immigration?
A. It is good for the country.
B. It is neither good nor bad for the country.
C. It is bad for the country.
D. No opinion
Section 1
American Values and Institutions
Americans share key values, and these values are reflected in the important institutions of American life.
Section 1
American Values and Institutions (cont.)
• Values are broad ideas about what is good or desirable that are shared by people in a society.
Section 1
• Basic American values
American Values and Institutions (cont.)
• Values uniting Americans:
– The country’s founding documents
– The English language as a source of unity
– Belief in popular sovereignty
Section 1
• Role of major American institutions:
– The family
– Religious institutions
– Educational institutions
– Social institutions
– Governmental institutions
American Values and Institutions (cont.)
A. A
B. B
Section 1
Do you agree that the United States is strengthened by the common and public use of one language?
A. Agree
B. Disagree
Section 2-Main Idea
Guide to Reading
Big Idea
Citizens possess certain rights. With citizenship, Americans also have certain responsibilities.
Section 2-Key Terms
Guide to Reading
Content Vocabulary
• naturalization
• alien
• immigrant
• deport
Academic Vocabulary
• deny
• obtain
• priority
A. A
B. B
Section 2-Polling Question
Do you think that the United States government should have the right to take citizenship away from American citizens?
A. Yes
B. No
Section 2
Path to Citizenship
In the United States, there are two ways to become a citizen: by birth and by a process called naturalization.
Section 2
Path to Citizenship (cont.)
• There are two ways to become an American citizen:– Birth
– Naturalization
– process by which U.S. citizenship is granted to a foreign citizen or national after he or she fulfills the requirements established by Congress
• Dual citizenship for Americans
• citizenship in two countries concurrently.
Section 2
Path to Citizenship (cont.)
• The naturalization process for aliens:– Declaration of Intention = letter
– Living in the United States = lives in U.S. for at least 5 years
– Interview and citizenship exam
– Oath of allegiance
– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sf_rthHQSRU
• Native Americans as citizens = did not get citizenship until 1924
Section 2
Path to Citizenship (cont.)
• Denying and losing citizenship:
– Improperly obtained citizenship
– Exile or leaving to live in the other country = can be by choice or not
– Federal crimes involving extreme disloyalty
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
Section 2
How do you view the naturalization process for aliens?
A. It is fine the way it is.
B. There are too many steps.
C. There aren’t enough steps.
Section 2
Aliens in America
Even though the United States controls the admission of aliens to this country, each year millions of people enter America illegally.
Section 2
Aliens in America (cont.)
• There are restrictions on the number of immigrants who can enter the United States.
• Immigration Act of 1990
• which increased the limits on legal immigration to the United States
Section 2
Aliens in America (cont.)
• Aliens living in the United States illegally:
– Temporary visitors
– Crossing borders
– Foreigners with expired legal permits
– Many fear being deported = expelled
Section 2
Aliens in America (cont.)
• The United States Border Patrol: 6,000 miles of land borders and 2,000 miles of water borders
• Different categories of legal aliens:
– Resident aliens
–foreigner who is a permanent resident of the country in which he or she resides but does not have citizenship
– Nonresident aliens
– A non-U.S. citizen who doesn't pass the green card test or the substantial presence test
• Refugees
• a person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster.
• Rights of aliens:• Legal aliens
–Hold jobs, own property, attend public schools, receive government services, pay taxes and are entitled to legal protection
–Can not vote, run for office, can not serve on juries, or work in most government jobs
• Illegal Aliens– Have no rights
A. A
B. B
Section 2
Do you think that aliens should be able to vote in elections and run for office?
A. Yes
B. No
Section 3-Main Idea
Guide to Reading
Big Idea
People form governments to establish order, provide security, and accomplish common goals.
Section 3-Key Terms
Guide to Reading
Content Vocabulary
• government
• public policy
• budget
• democracy
• direct democracy
• representative democracy
• republic
• monarchy
• majority rule
• authoritarian
• totalitarian
Section 3-Key Terms
Guide to Reading
Academic Vocabulary
• community
• enforce
• constrain
A. A
B. B
Section 3-Polling Question
Do you think it is important for government to provide security for its citizens?
A. Yes
B. No
Section 3
The Need for Government
The different levels of government provide many different services.
Section 3
The Need for Government (cont.)
• Government is the ruling authority for a community, or society.
• Functions of the Government
Section 3
The Need for Government (cont.)
• Levels of government:
– National
– State and local
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
Section 3
Which function of government do you think is most important for a community?
A. Keeping order
B. Guiding the community
C. Providing services
D. Providing security
Section 3
Types of Government
The people are the ultimate rulers of democratic countries, while in totalitarian states, a single person or small group holds all the power.
Section 3
Types of Government (cont.)
• Democratic government
–Direct democracy
– is a form of democracy in which people decide policy directly.
– Representative democracy or republic
– founded on the principle of elected officials representing a group of people
•Types of democracy:
– Constitutional monarchy
– is a form of government in which a king or queen acts as Head of State. The ability to make and pass legislation resides with an elected Parliament
Section 3
Types of Government (cont.)
• Principles of democracy:
Principles of American Democracy
Section 3
Types of Government (cont.)
– Majority rule
Principles of American Democracy
Section 3
Types of Government (cont.)
• Authoritarian government
– Absolute monarchy
– Dictatorship
– Totalitarianism
Comparing Democratic and Authoritarian Systems
A. A
B. B
Section 3
Do you think that a representative democracy is more effective than a direct democracy?
A. Yes
B. No
VS 1
The American People
• Because of its heritage, the United States is often called “a nation of immigrants.”
• Until the mid-1900s, most immigrants came from Europe.
• Latin America now accounts for the largest share of immigrants to the United States.
• The United States is a diverse nation, reflecting the values of many groups.
VS 2
American Values and Institutions
• Values are ideas about what is good or desirable that are shared by people in a society.
• Our basic values include freedom, equality, opportunity, justice, and tolerance.
• Every society has institutions that help it transmit its values.
• Important American institutions are the family, religious, educational, social, and governmental institutions.
VS 3
Citizenship
• According to the U.S. Constitution, people can become American citizens by birth and through naturalization.
• Millions of illegal aliens live in the United States. Legal aliens have entered the country lawfully.
VS 4
Government
• People need governments to make and enforce laws and to help us meet our needs. The purposes of government include the following:
• Providing order and security
• Providing public services
• Guiding the community
VS 4
Government
• Although all governments carry out the same basic functions, there are differences in the ways governments can be organized.
• The main types of government are democratic government and authoritarian government.
• In a democracy, the supreme political authority rests with the people.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
TIME Trans
DFS Trans 1
DFS Trans 2
DFS Trans 3
Vocab1
civics
the study of the rights and duties of citizens
Vocab2
citizenship
rights and duties of members of a state
Vocab3
citizens
community members who owe loyalty to the government and are entitled to protection from it
Vocab4
service economy
where the majority of people earn their living by providing a service rather than manufacturing a product
Vocab5
value
the general principles of beliefs people use to make judgments and decisions
Vocab6
popular sovereignty
the notion that power lies with the people
Vocab7
institution
sets of ideas that people have about relationships, obligations, roles and functions of society
Vocab8
diverse
differing from one another
Vocab9
ethnic
relating to races or groups of people who share common traits and customs
Vocab10
principle
a rule of conduct or belief
Vocab11
naturalization
a legal process to obtain citizenship
Vocab12
alien
a noncitizen
Vocab13
immigrant
a person who moves permanently to a new country
Vocab14
deport
to send an alien or immigrant back to his or her own country
Vocab15
deny
refusal to grant, agree, or believe
Vocab16
obtain
to gain or acquire
Vocab17
priority
something that is given more attention or importance
Vocab18
government
the ruling authority for a community
Vocab19
public policy
the course of action the government takes in response to an issue or problem
Vocab20
budget
a plan for making and spending money
Vocab21
democracy
a government in which citizens hold the power to rule
Vocab22
direct democracy
a form of democracy in which the people vote firsthand
Vocab23
representative democracy
a government in which citizens choose a smaller group to govern on their behalf
Vocab24
republic
a representative democracy where citizens choose their lawmakers
Vocab25
monarchy
a government with a hereditary, single leader
Vocab26
majority rule
political principle providing that a majority of the members of a community has the power to make laws binding upon all the people
Vocab27
authoritarian
a government in which one leader or group of people holds absolute power
Vocab28
totalitarian
a system in which government control extends to almost all aspects of people’s lives
Vocab29
community
a group of people who share the same interests and concerns
Vocab30
enforce
to carry out by force or ensure compliance
Vocab31
constrain
to force, limit, or hold back
Help
Click the Forward button to go to the next slide.
Click the Previous button to return to the previous slide.
Click the Home button to return to the Chapter Menu.
Click the Transparency button from the Chapter Menu or Chapter Introduction slides to access the TIME Transparency that is relevant to this chapter. From within a section, click on this button to access the relevant Daily Focus Skills Transparency.
Click the Return button in a feature to return to the main presentation.
Click the Economics Online button to access online textbook features.
Click the Reference Atlas button to access the Interactive Reference Atlas.
Click the Exit button or press the Escape key [Esc] to end the chapter slide show.
Click the Help button to access this screen.
Links to Presentation Plus! features such as Graphs in Motion, Charts in Motion, and figures from your textbook are located at the bottom of relevant screens.
To use this Presentation Plus! product:
End of Custom Shows
This slide is intentionally blank.
