SpinQuest (E1039) D.O.E. Briefing

12/12/19 R.J. Tesarek

Run Coordinator/“Project Manager”/Facility Manager Fermilab

SpinQuest Physics: • Quarks only account for 4-24% of proton spin.

J.Ashman, et al., (EMC Collaboration) Phys.Lett. B 206 (2) (1988). • Gluon contributions at small x are large (25-50%)

A.Adare, et al., (PHENIX Collaboration) Phys. Rev. D 93 011501(2016)

• Small contributions from sea quark spins • Unknown contrib. from orbital angular momentum of sea quarks

but may contribute up to half of protons spin (model dependent) Sivers Effect:

• In any transversely polarized baryon (spin 1/2 hadron) the quark/gluon distributions need not be symmetric with respect to plane defined by hadron’s spin and and its momentum vector. D.W.Sivers, Phys.Rev. D41, 83(1990).

• Sivers effect sensitive to orbital angular momentum of quarks in proton

SpinQuest addresses the last point by measuring the Sivers effect in Drell-Yan events from a polarized target

2 years running gives Sivers asymmetry uncertainty +/-0.05 for both p and d targets.

Assumptions: 2.7e12 ppp, 1.4e18POT, 200 days/year running

2

Proton Spin

25%

2 L 50% (4% (valence)+46% (sea))

2

J 25%

q

q

g

DS »

»

»

Lattice QCD:

Lu+d

Lu+d

Ls+s

Jg

�⇥

2|u+d+s

K.-F. Liu et al arXiv:1203.6388

targetx0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35

NA

0.4-

0.2-

0

0.2

0.4

Drell-Yan Target Single-Spin Asymmetry < 9 GeV

µµX, 4 < M-µ+µ ®) ­(d­pp

target37.9 cm NH

target37.9 cm ND

Sun and Yuan, 2013

Anselmino et al, 2009

xtarget

E1039 Proposal

Abilene Christian University D.Isenhower, M. Daugherity, S. Watson

Argonne National Laboratory P.Reimer, D.Geesaman

Fermi National Laboratory R.J.Tesarek, C.Johnstone, C.Brown

KEK Shin’ya Sawada

Los Alamos National Laboratory K.Liu, M.Yurov, C-M.Jen, M.Liu, X.Li, W.Sondheim, Z.Ji

Mississippi State University L.El Fassi

New Mexico State University S.Pate, V.Papavassiliou, H.Yu, A.Pun, F.Hossain

RIKEN Y.Goto

Tokyo Institute of Technology K.Nakano, T.-A.Shibata

University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign J-C.Peng, Y-C.Chen, C.H.Leung

University of Michigan • W.Lorenzon, M.Kim, N.Wuerfel

University of New Hampshire K.Slifer, D.Ruth

University of Virginia D.Keller, J.Hoskins, Z.Akbar, C.Ramirez

Yamagata University Y.Miyachi, G.Nukazuka

36 full collaborators, (49 affiliate members), 13 Institutions, 2 Countries, 6 postdocs, 4 students, 2 Spokespersons 3

SpinQuest Collaboration (E1039)

SpinQuest Experiment (PG version)

4

E906 Spectrometer

Beam Dump Magnet

Analysis Magnet

Chambers (X,U,V)

Chambers (X,U,V)

Chambers (X,U,V)

Muon Filter Steel

Hodoscopes (X,Y)

Hodoscopes (X,Y)

Hodoscopes (X,Y)

Proportional Tubes (X,Y)

Polarized Target

(NH3,DH3)

120 GeV Protons

Modifications to E906 Aparatus: • New polarized target (superconducting magnet) UVa, LANL • He liquefaction system (recirculating) UVa, LANL • Modified shielding around dump FNAL (construction funds) • Collimator to protect target superconducting magnet FNAL (construction funds) • Additional cooling/electrical power dist. for target FNAL (construction funds) • Improved reliability FNAL/LANL/NMSU/ACU

µ

µx

y

B

(not to scale)

Actual Target Size

Station 0,1

Station 2

Station 3,4

Station 4

New Target for SpinQuest

5

Design as of 12/9/19 Courtesy D.Mitchell

Red shielding from E906 (SeaQuest) New Items:

Shielding re-configuration (FNAL) Cryo-platform (FNAL) He Liquefaction plant (Quantum Technologies) Liquid N2 Dewar (LANL-reuse) Gaseous storage tanks (FNAL-reuse) Roots pumps (LANL-New)

Gaseous He storage tanks

Liquid N2 Dewar

DOE-HEP/Fermilab: • Decommission E906 • Provide 0.5 FTE scientist experiment • Provide 0.5 FTE Tech (installation) • Provide 1.0 FTE beamline physicist • General experiment support (safety, facility, beamline, etc.) • Spending Profile: FY2018 $500k,

• FY2019-FY2020 run experiment @ $1,000k/year

DOE-NP (LANL): • Construction of experiment $2,000k

• Procurement of Liquefaction system from Quantum Technologies • Funds for construction of experiment (new polarized target) • Funds for beamline modification (design/installation) • Spokesperson: A.Klein

All agreements prior to R.Tesarek joining experiment (10/2017) • FNAL management expressed concern about operating efficiency from E906 experience

6

Agreements, DOE-HEP/DOE-NP/FNAL

Timeline

7

Date(s) Events Comments

10/2017 R.Tesarek joins E1039 experiment A.Klein sole spokesperson, 10/2017-3/2018 D.Keller (UVa) becomes co-spokesperson

4/15/18 - 5/7/18 Planning E906 Decommissioning Activities, spectrometer evaluation

First calculations of beam induced heating for target superconducting magnet ~ 10W

5/7/18 Stage II approval for E1039 FY2018 construction budget:

5/11/18 Andi Klein announces retirement, Appoints Kun Liu (LANL) co-spokesperson

5/7/18 - 6/4/18 E906 Decommissioning, Engineering of target vacuum, Increase liquefaction plant capacity (QT) 1st target cool down to train target experts (UVa)

Remove shielding/previous targets, clean experimental hall, remove offices from E906 control room. Decommissioning costs in line with initial estimates. Modify designs target systems (vacuum). Spectrometer work (hodoscopes).

6/4/18 - 9/30/18 Installation: new shielding, complete designs for cryo-platform

Cryo-platform costs overrun 40% (FNAL-design/drafting) Increase size of He liquefaction plant 3x original plans

9/30/18 - 1/19 Construction work stop! Re-baseline, including estimate of power/cooling needs for target.

Constr. expenses exceed estimates for FY2018: Stop construction activities, re-baseline. 1st est. of power and cooling needs for target infrastructure. Spending on OPS during construction stop. Spectrometer work.

2/19 - 7/19 Funds allocated ($600k): Resume construction, cryo-platform collimator installation beamline checkout (OPS funding) 2nd target cool down (UVa)

Internal cryo-system review (generate safety task list). Est. cost range for tasks $170k - $330k (unfunded). Target needs drive scope increases for cryo-systems (UVa, QT, FNAL). RJT establishes cryo-engineering meetings to address issues/scope. LANL offers assistance with engineering calculations (design needed). NB: D.Keller seeking permanent employment, joins UVa faculty

7/19 - 11/19 Complete cryo-platform, cooling system, power distribution for target, Complete designs for x-fer lines.

Further target needs drive additional scope (plumbing design). Engineering full cryogenic system (FNAL, QT,UVa) Cryogenic system presently 90% complete.

Cryo-Engineering Target Systems9/28/2018:

• QT liquefier (old design) • Roots Pump & Vacuum system • basic plumbing to/from LN2, gHe

8

11/15/19: • Expanded QT Liquifaction plant • Additions to roots vacuum • Additional plumbing to/from QT • Additional plumbing to support

target (LN2, He) • First attempts at addressing

ODH issues • Additional target pumps/

compressors • Additional instrumentation/

control • Line sizing, pressures, etc.

Cryo-engineering from QT/UVa/Fermilab

NB: 2018 Calculations of beam heating in target increase cry-plant ~3x. Attending increase in power and cooling requirements on cryo-platform.

Design as of 11/15/19 Courtesy D.Mitchell

Design as of 9/28/18 Courtesy D.Mitchell

West Penetration in Target Cave9/28/18:

• Roots vacuum • LHe • gHe (LHe supply return)

9

11/15/19: • Roots vacuum • Liquid He • Liquid N2 (pink) • Gaseous N2 (boil off) • Gaseous N2 (supply)

• Gaseous He (LHe supply return)

• Gaseous He (magnet boil off)

• Cave vent (green)

NB: Once shielding in place, items in penetration are inaccessible (leak check?)

Opinion: Major design is 90% complete. Working on few details (ODH).

Schedule

10

NB: Target installation place holder

Biggest Concern (Target Inspection)

2nd/3rd concerns (x-fer lines)

Rising Concern (QT)

$0.00

$200,000.00

$400,000.00

$600,000.00

$800,000.00

$1,000,000.00

$1,200,000.00

Jan-

18

Apr-1

8

Jul-1

8

Oct

-18

Jan-

19

Apr-1

9

Jul-1

9

Oct

-19

Jan-

20

Apr-2

0

Jul-2

0

Oct

-20

Jan-

21

Apr-2

1

Jul-2

1

Budg

et B

alan

ce

Month

FY-18

Balance: $125K

FY-19 FY-20 FY-21

Stop Work Thr: $50K

$0.00$10,000.00

$20,000.00$30,000.00

$40,000.00$50,000.00

$60,000.00$70,000.00

$80,000.00$90,000.00

$100,000.00$110,000.00

$120,000.00$130,000.00

$140,000.00$150,000.00

Jan-

18

Apr-1

8

Jul-1

8

Oct

-18

Jan-

19

Apr-1

9

Jul-1

9

Oct

-19

Jan-

20

Apr-2

0

Jul-2

0

Oct

-20

Jan-

21

Apr-2

1

Jul-2

1

Cost

s/M

onth

Month

40A.E1039.13 (Expt Supt)40A.E1039.12 (detector)40A.E1039.11 (beamline)

Deco

mm

issio

ning FY

'18

Adju

stm

ent

Shie

ldin

g&

LCW

Elec

trica

lcon

trac

t $45

k

Costs through November 2019 status • Approximately flat spending (with bumps)

• Detector operations spending ramped up (complete experiment) • $45k contract for electrical installation (~300kW for liquefaction plant/target power) • $20k for x-fer line parts, survey and shielding (FESS Drafting)

➡Carryover from FY19 last until ~Jan 2020.

11

Costs Thru Nov (DOE-HEP, Roll Up)

CD purchase of disks

$20k x-fer line parts $7k shielding drawings

Anticipated Costs

12

Largest contributions to expected costs circled in red. Significant uncertainty in vent design/installation (ODH), reflected in contingency

Looking for collaboration contributions to defray costs (M&S) Cost estimate includes:

• Beam commissioning spectrometer & up to 8 weeks of running 60% duty cycle • Completion of polarized target installation & running in summer 2020

13

Estimated FY2020 Costs to CompleteEstimate Cost to Complete (as of 10/1/19) $1,295,000

FY2019 Carryover -$358,000

Parts procured by LANL -$7,000

Estimated Remaining FY2020 Costs $930,000

Estimates of monthly running costs modest

Experiment Operational Costs (estimates)

Where Are We?

Beamline: ✓Collimator installed ✓All beamline elements checked out ➡Need to re-install Cherenkov counter gas system ➡Shielding design in shielding assessment committee (expect sign next few weeks)

Spectrometer: ✓All Hodoscope channels live ✓Cosmic ray trigger (NIM logic) working ✓All detectors in readout ➡Station 0 chamber debugging underway (repairs newly finished) ✓Station 2,3 chambers working well ➡Proportional tube debugging underway (need spare amplifiers) ✓FPGA based trigger installed/integrated with DAQ

Spectrometer DAQ running: ✓Overnight runs/special studies ✓NIM pulser and cosmic ray triggers (noise evaluation, and detector performance monitoring) ➡Data used to improve chamber/hodoscope performance, (plateau/coarsely align detectors)

Slow Controls: ✓Monitoring chamber HV/currents ✓Online detector monitoring up ✓Scaler readout working (detector/beam quantities) ➡Program to monitor/control hodoscope HV ➡Environmental monitoring working ➡Event display for completed runs only (not live display)

Estimate ~1 month for spectrometer to be ready for beam commissioning 15

Beamline & SpectrometerColor Codes

Good OK, needs attention Bad (concern) Information

Cosmic Ray Event Display

16

Plan View

Elevation View

10/15/19

10/15/19

Cryo-platform

17

Liquefaction Plant Breaker Panel (480V)

Roots Pump Control Panel (480V)

Wiremold for target NMR/slow controls power (120V,208V)

Target Magnet Power Supply Rack

Outlets: 208V (3 phase)

120V (quad) behind rack

Cryo-plant control power (208V, 50A)

120V convenience outlets

Liquefaction Plant H2O Connections

NB: Lighting above roots pumps to be fixed. Help

from Safety, building management & Facilities

Engineering

11/18/19

Roots Pumps

~ 260kW new power ~200kW new water cooling

Target InfrastructureTarget Infrastructure Outside NM4:

Gaseous He Tanks (2): • Manufactured 1945, IL stamped (no ASME

pressure vessel stamp) • Inspection (API-510)—>tanks in good shape • Materials identification and pressure test • Engineering note nearly complete • Install supply/return lines (welded SS)

LN2 Dewar: • Engineering note nearly complete • Pressure test • Install supply lines (foam jacketed copper)

Outdoor plumbing installation will be challenged by weather

18

11/18/19

Gaseous He Line Support Feet

LN2, He Line Supports

Gaseous He Tank

LN2 Dewar

Gaseous He Tank

Cooling Water: • He Liquefaction plant & Roots pump require ~200kW cooling T<80 F. • Existing LCW system has capacity, but T>90 in late spring/summer ➡Run polarized target only in late fall/winter/early spring

Cryo-Engineering: • 3 page document ~1/3 Target ~2/3 Cryogenic system tasks to get system through safety • Approximate >1 FTE engineer (or suitable expert) • Subsequent work at FNAL/UVirginia indicated original designs cryo-system insufficient to run target • Designs noted on previous slides (~90% complete) • Only ODH concerns/designs remain (venting boil-off, ventilation during target change) • ~17% complete on safety calculations/documentation

Overall: • Fermilab contributions are approximately 80% complete • Target installation/commissioning still significant uncertainty not fully captured here (UVa).

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Infrastructure and Cryo-engineering

Spectrometer/Beam: ✓Spectrometer largely ready for beam (cosmic ray commissioning very helpful) ✓Beamline is ready (sans Cherenkov detector) ✓Major improvements in detector noise/reliability ➡Shielding assessment in committee (looks good)

Cryo-infrastructure: ✓Water system/Electrical in place under cryo-platform ✓Plumbing support structures in place • Plumbing installation will be challenged by cold weather

Target schedule: • Largely set by safety requirements • Non-trivial engineering (design) still needed (ODH) ➡Large amount of work

Anticipated funding in FY2020 needed soon • Funds sufficient through Dec. (with holidays) ➡FY2020 Funding needed in early January to continue ➡Will need operations funding in FY2021-22 to achieve physics goals

Plans to commission beamline & spectrometer in spring, achieve target polarization in summer (beamline magnets off)

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Summary