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Spinal arteriovenous malformation with huge subarach hemorrhage associated with tethered cord and lipom Antônio Santos de Araújo Júnior 1 , Pedro Alberto Arlant 1 , Arnaldo Salvestrini Júnior 1 , Marcos Fernando de Lima Docema 2 , Rogério Tuma 3 , Mirella Martins Fazzito 3 , Jose Guilherme Mendes Pereira Caldas 4 . 1. Neurosurgeon, Sírio-Libanês Hospital; 2. Neuroradiologist, Sírio-Libanês Hospital; 3. Neurologist, Sírio-Libanês Hospital; 4. Interventional Neuroradiologist, Sírio-Libanês Hospital Background: The coexistence of spinal arteriovenous malformation (SAVM) with congenital abnormalities is relatively common. However, the association of a SAVM and tethered cord with lipoma is extremely rare. We report an adult patient with this combined anomaly, who presented a huge subarachnoid hemorrhage. Case description: A 47 year-old Caucasian man presented suddenly an intense low back pain with right leg pain, followed short after by anesthetic paraplegia. Ten hours later he was brought to our hospital. On neurological examination there was a flaccid paraplegia with dense sensitive level T4; spinal MRI revealed a large spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage from C7 to S1, with spinal cord compression and myelomalacia from D4 to D6. Further examination showed a tethered cord, with lower conus medullaris at L4, and a sacral lipoma at S1-S2 level. Intervention: Patient was promptly submitted to a T4-T6 laminectomy with durotomy and hemorrhage drainage, followed a day after by SAVM successfully embolization. Patient exhibited sensory improvement during the two postoperative weeks, but remained paraplegic up to now. Conclusion: Recognition of co-existing vascular anomalies with tethered cord and lipomas is important to identify the symptomatic disease and to perform a tailored treatment. Patients harboring these combined anomalies should not correct the tethered cord before complete SAVM embolization, in order to prevent neurological deterioration by venous hypertension. References 1. Rajeev K, Panikar D. Dural arteriovenous fistula coexisting with a lumbar lipomeningocele. Case report. J Neurosurg Spine. 2005 Nov;3(5):386-9. 2. Poisson A, Vasdev A, Brunelle F, Plauchu H, Dupuis-Girod S; French Italian HHT network. Acute paraplegia due to spinal arteriovenous fistula in two patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. Eur J Pediatr. 2009 Feb;168(2):135-9. Epub 2008 Nov 20. 3. Rodesch G, Hurth M, Alvarez H, Tadie M, Lasjaunias P. Spinal cord intradural arteriovenous fistulae: anatomic, clinical, and therapeutic considerations in a series of 32 consecutive patients seen between 1981 and 2000 with emphasis on endovascular therapy. Neurosurgery. 2005 Nov;57(5):973-83. Figure 1: (A-C) Spinal MRI showing a large spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage from C7 to S1, with spinal cord compression and myelomalacia from D4 to D6; (D) Lumbosacral spine MRI showing a serpiginous lesion with a ‘flow-void’ up to L5 to S3 (suggestive of spinal AVM), connected to a sacral lipoma. Figure 2: (A) Intraoperative microscopic view after T4- T6 laminectomy, durotomy and hemorrhage drainage, with re-establishment of the normal oscillatory spinal cord motion; (B) Subarachnoid saline solution irrigation with a urethral catheter to certify total hemorrhage drainage. A B C D A B Figure 3: Spinal arteriovenous malformation, located at the lumbosacral level.

Spinal arteriovenous malformation with huge subarachnoid hemorrhage associated with tethered cord and lipoma Antônio Santos de Araújo Júnior 1, Pedro Alberto

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Page 1: Spinal arteriovenous malformation with huge subarachnoid hemorrhage associated with tethered cord and lipoma Antônio Santos de Araújo Júnior 1, Pedro Alberto

Spinal arteriovenous malformation with huge subarachnoid hemorrhage associated with tethered cord and lipoma

 Antônio  Santos  de  Araújo  Júnior  1,  Pedro  Alberto  Arlant  1,  Arnaldo  Salvestrini  Júnior  1, Marcos  Fernando  de  Lima  Docema  2,  Rogério  Tuma  3,  Mirella  Martins  Fazzito  3,  Jose Guilherme Mendes Pereira Caldas 4. 1. Neurosurgeon, Sírio-Libanês Hospital; 2. Neuroradiologist, Sírio-Libanês Hospital; 3. Neurologist, Sírio-Libanês Hospital; 4. Interventional Neuroradiologist, Sírio-Libanês Hospital

Background: The coexistence of spinal arteriovenous malformation (SAVM)  with  congenital  abnormalities  is  relatively  common. However, the association of a SAVM and tethered cord with lipoma is  extremely  rare. We  report  an  adult  patient  with  this  combined anomaly, who presented a huge subarachnoid hemorrhage.    

Case description: A 47 year-old Caucasian man presented suddenly an intense low back pain with right leg pain, followed short after by anesthetic  paraplegia.  Ten  hours  later  he  was  brought  to  our hospital. On neurological examination there was a flaccid paraplegia with  dense  sensitive  level  T4;  spinal  MRI  revealed  a  large  spinal subarachnoid  hemorrhage  from  C7  to  S1,  with  spinal  cord compression and myelomalacia from D4 to D6. Further examination showed a  tethered cord, with  lower  conus medullaris  at  L4,  and a sacral lipoma at S1-S2 level. 

Intervention: Patient  was  promptly  submitted  to  a  T4-T6 laminectomy with durotomy and hemorrhage drainage,  followed a day  after  by  SAVM  successfully  embolization.  Patient  exhibited sensory  improvement  during  the  two  postoperative  weeks,  but remained paraplegic up to now.         

Conclusion: Recognition  of  co-existing  vascular  anomalies  with tethered cord and lipomas is important to identify the symptomatic disease  and  to  perform  a  tailored  treatment.  Patients  harboring these  combined  anomalies  should  not  correct  the  tethered  cord before  complete  SAVM  embolization,  in  order  to  prevent neurological deterioration by venous hypertension.

References1. Rajeev K, Panikar D. Dural arteriovenous fistula coexisting with a lumbar lipomeningocele. Case report. J Neurosurg Spine. 2005 Nov;3(5):386-9. 2. Poisson  A,  Vasdev  A,  Brunelle  F,  Plauchu  H,  Dupuis-Girod  S;  French  Italian  HHT  network.  Acute  paraplegia  due  to  spinal  arteriovenous  fistula  in  two  patients with  hereditary  hemorrhagic 

telangiectasia. Eur J Pediatr. 2009 Feb;168(2):135-9. Epub 2008 Nov 20.3. Rodesch G, Hurth M, Alvarez H, Tadie M, Lasjaunias P. Spinal cord intradural arteriovenous fistulae: anatomic, clinical, and therapeutic considerations in a series of 32 consecutive patients seen 

between 1981 and 2000 with emphasis on endovascular therapy. Neurosurgery. 2005 Nov;57(5):973-83.

Figure 1: (A-C) Spinal MRI showing a large spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage from C7  to  S1,  with  spinal  cord  compression  and myelomalacia  from  D4  to  D6;  (D) Lumbosacral spine MRI showing a serpiginous lesion with a ‘flow-void’ up to L5 to  S3 (suggestive of spinal AVM), connected to a sacral lipoma.   

Figure 2: (A) Intraoperative microscopic view after T4-T6 laminectomy, durotomy and hemorrhage drainage, with re-establishment of the normal oscillatory spinal cord motion; (B) Subarachnoid saline solution irrigation with a urethral catheter to  certify total hemorrhage drainage.   

A B

C D

A

B

Figure 3: Spinal arteriovenous malformation, located at the lumbosacral level.