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Speed Dating Strategies: An Introduction to SOAPSTone
Kerryann Tracy
Agenda
SOAPSTone Defined
Applications of SOAPSTone
Benefits & Challenges
Your Questions & Ideas
SOAPSTone
Speaker
Occasion
Audience
Purpose
Subject
Tone
subjectaudience
speaker or writer
SOAPSTone
Who is the Speaker? It is not enough simply to name the speaker.
Whose voice is telling the story? What assumptions can you make about the
speaker (e.g., age, gender, class, occupation, emotional state)? Remember that the author
and the speaker are not necessarily the same, and that the author may tell the story from more than one point of view. What does the speaker believe? Do not assume that the author believes what the speaker believes. If
the text is non-fiction, include important facts about the speaker that might help you make judgments about his or her point of
view.
SOAPSTone
What is the Occasion? Occasion is not simply identifying the time and place. Consider the larger occasion or
context: the environment of ideas, attitudes, and emotions surrounding an issue. Then
examine the immediate occasion that may have inspired this specific response.
SOAPSTone
Who is the Audience?To whom is this text directed? It’s not
enough to say: “Anyone who reads it.” Is it one individual, a group, many groups?
What assumptions can you make about the intended audience? How might the
intended audience have been similar to or different from you?
SOAPSTone
What is the Purpose? What is the speaker’s reason for writing the text? What is its intended effect? How is it supposed to make the audience feel? What change does the author want to see as a result? Is the author’s aim to entertain, to
inform, to persuade, to critique, to complain, to explain, to describe, or to
reflect? Consider that oftentimes writers have a dual purpose.
SOAPSTone
What is the Subject? The subject is the general topic, content, and ideas contained in the text. This can
usually be stated in a few words or a phrase. The subjects of texts are frequently abstract: the right to die, racism, poverty, conformity, cloning, global warming, etc.
SOAPSTone
What is the Tone? Tone is the attitude of the speaker towards his subject. What emotional sense do you
take from the piece? Does it stay consistent throughout, or do the speaker’s feelings shift? While the spoken word can easily
convey attitude through inflection, tone is often difficult to discern in the written word.
Consider how word choice, sentence structure, and imagery might point to tone.
Talking About Tone
aggravated ambiguousamusedangryapatheticapologeticappreciativeapprehensivearrogant
dramaticecstaticeffusiveelatedelegiacfactualfancifulflippantforeboding
moralisticmournfulnostalgicobjectiveoutragedpassionatepatronizingpedanticperplexed
Applications
Nonfiction: Historical documentsSpeechesNewspaper articlesGrant proposals or scientific reportsEditorialsLettersMemoir or diaryBiography
Fiction: Novels
Short stories
Verse: Poetry
Song lyrics
Planning and writing original texts
Benefits & Challenges
Benefits for struggling readers
Benefits for skilled readers
Benefits for stressed out teachers
The challenge of going deep
SOAPSTone Application: “I Have a Dream”
SpeakerKing was one of many speakers that day. What distinguished him from the others – as a man, a prominent figure in the civil rights movement, or a public speaker? In addition, you might consider that King was both a preacher and the son of a preacher. How does this background manifest itself in the speech?
SOAPSTone Application: “I Have a Dream”
OccasionWhat is important to understand about the historical context of this speech?
Consider both the general background (the Civil Rights Movement), and this particular occasion (the March on Washington). How does King himself frame the occasion?
SOAPSTone Application: “I Have a Dream”
AudienceWho comprises King’s audience?
Which audiences are explicit (directly named) and which might be implicit (implied but not named)?
Where in the speech does he address specific audiences?
SOAPSTone Application: “I Have a Dream”
PurposeWhat changes does King want to see as a result of this speech?
What other purpose(s), beyond advocating change, do you see in King’s speech?
SOAPSTone Application: “I Have a Dream”
SubjectThe event was billed as a march “for jobs and freedom.” What other topics or issues, beyond these, does King address in his speech?
SOAPSTone Application: “I Have a Dream”
ToneHow would you characterize the tone of King’s speech?
Where do you see significant shifts in tone?
SOAPStone carousel
1. At your first station read your piece and fill in the soaps sheet except the T part.
Leave your work behind. Think about what you learned by working with your team.
Station 2
At station 2 read the piece and the previous group’s work. Describe what you believe is the TONE of the piece.
Write it in a collaborative statement.
Station 3
You have reached your last station.
Read the piece and the last groups’ work on the SOAPStone sheet.
Get ready to share their work.
Agree or disagree with their statements about the tone. Find supporting phrases or passages to support or refute their claim.
Questions & Ideas
How did the pieces relate? What takeaways do you have? What might students learn from the pieces?-About writing, about perspective?
What were the benefits of the Soaps strategy? A carousel?
How might you use SOAPSTone in your classes ?