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National Research Council Canada. Conseil national de recherches Canada. Speech Levels in Open Offices. Alf Warnock & W.T. Chu Indoor Environment Program, Acoustics Institute for Research in Construction National Research Council Ottawa, Ontario. Canada. Project: Team style open offices. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Speech Levels in Open Offices
National Research National Research Council CanadaCouncil CanadaNational Research National Research Council CanadaCouncil Canada
Conseil nationalConseil nationalde recherches Canadade recherches CanadaConseil nationalConseil nationalde recherches Canadade recherches Canada
CanadaCanada
Alf Warnock & W.T. ChuAlf Warnock & W.T. ChuIndoor Environment Program, AcousticsIndoor Environment Program, Acoustics
Institute for Research in ConstructionInstitute for Research in Construction
National Research CouncilNational Research Council
Ottawa, OntarioOttawa, Ontario
Alf Warnock & W.T. ChuAlf Warnock & W.T. ChuIndoor Environment Program, AcousticsIndoor Environment Program, Acoustics
Institute for Research in ConstructionInstitute for Research in Construction
National Research CouncilNational Research Council
Ottawa, OntarioOttawa, Ontario
ASA December 2001ASA December 2001
Project: Team style open offices
Can some Can some degree of degree of speech privacy speech privacy be attained? be attained?
Need typical Need typical levels to make levels to make calculationscalculations
A B
C D
ASA December 2001ASA December 2001
Team-style areas - real
ASA December 2001ASA December 2001
Previous Work
Pearsons, Bennet & FidellPearsons, Bennet & Fidell– Different voice efforts measured but none in Different voice efforts measured but none in
open officeopen office
McKendreeMcKendree– Anechoic roomAnechoic room
No information on speech levels No information on speech levels measured in open officesmeasured in open offices
ASA December 2001ASA December 2001
Recording Voice Levels
ASA December 2001ASA December 2001
Sites and subjects
Nine offices - mix of team- and Nine offices - mix of team- and cubicle-stylecubicle-style
118 subjects, 53 male, 65 female118 subjects, 53 male, 65 female Also measured attenuations Also measured attenuations
between work stationsbetween work stations
ASA December 2001ASA December 2001
Analysis
30 second segments with no 30 second segments with no prolonged silences.prolonged silences.
1/16 second integration time - 1/16 second integration time - 480 spectra480 spectra
Levels corrected to distance of Levels corrected to distance of 0.9 m by measurements in an 0.9 m by measurements in an anechoic chamberanechoic chamber
ASA December 2001ASA December 2001
Attenuation
ASA December 2001ASA December 2001
Result for one subject
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
16
0
20
0
25
0
31
5
40
0
50
0
63
0
80
0
10
00
12
50
16
00
20
00
25
00
31
50
40
00
50
00
63
00
80
00
Frequency, Hz
SP
L, d
B
LeqL90L50L10L1
L90L90
L50L50 LeqLeq
L10L10
L1L1
ASA December 2001ASA December 2001
Average for each office - Males
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
250 500 1k 2k 4k 8k
Frequency, Hz
Ave
rag
e S
pe
ech
Le
vel,
dB
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
S6
S7
S8
S9
ASA December 2001ASA December 2001
Grand Average - Males
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
250 500 1k 2k 4k 8k
Frequency, Hz
Ave
rage
Spe
ech
Le
vel,
dB
NRC, Male
51.0 ± 3 dBA 51.0 ± 3 dBA
ASA December 2001ASA December 2001
Grand Average - Females
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
250 500 1k 2k 4k 8k
Frequency, Hz
Ave
rag
e S
pee
ch L
eve
l, dB
NRC, Female
49.7 ± 3.8 dBA 49.7 ± 3.8 dBA
ASA December 2001ASA December 2001
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
250 500 1k 2k 4k 8k
Frequency, Hz
Ave
rage
Sp
eec
h L
eve
l, d
B
ANSI S3.5 1997, 59.2 dBA
ASTM E1130, 57.5 dBA
Pearsons, M&F, 55.9 dBA
McKendree, M&F, 57.4 dBA
NRC, M&F, 50.3 dBA
Voice Spectra
ASA December 2001ASA December 2001
Casual vs. Open Office
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
250 500 1k 2k 4k 8k
Frequency, Hz
Ave
rag
e S
pe
ech
Le
vel,
dB
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
NRC, F, 49.7 dBAPearsons casual, F, 49.3 dBANRC, M, 51.0 dBAPearsons casual, M, 51.3 dBA
Males
Females
ASA December 2001ASA December 2001
Average Voice Levels
Leq
0
5
10
15
20
39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63
Level, dB(A)
Num
be
r of
Su
bje
cts
MaleFemale
ASA December 2001ASA December 2001
0
20
40
60
80
100
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9
SII
Pe
rcen
t
NRC voice
ASTM voice
SII and voice level
Measured attenuations Measured attenuations Same noise spectrum Same noise spectrum Different voice levelsDifferent voice levels