specific heat of some solids

8/12/2019 specific heat of some solids

1/94


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SPECIFIC HEAT, ENTHAlgY of ALUMTNUMSources of Data:

Giauque, W. F. and Meads, P. F. , . Am. Chem. SOC. 63, 1897-1901 (1941)Maier, C. G. and Anderson, C. T. , J. Chem. Phys. 2,513-27 (1934)P h i l l i p s , N. E. , Low Temperature Physics and Chezstry, Univ. Wisconsinpress (1958)Behn, U., Ann. Physik Beiblht ter 25, 178 (1901)Goodman, 3. B., Compt. rend. -44,2899 (1957)G r i f f i t h s E. G. and Gr i f f i ths , E . , Ph i l . Trans. Roy. SO C. London -9AqOKok, J . A. and Keesom, W. H., Physica 4, 835 (1937)Koref , ., AM. Physik ( 4 ) 36 49 (19UiNernst, W., Ann. Physik ( 4 ) 36 395 (1911)Nernst, W. and Lindemann, F. A . , Z. Elektrochem. -7, 817 (1911)Nernat, W. and Schwers , F. , Sitzber. kgl. preuss. Akad. Wiss. 355 (1914)Richards, T. W. and Jackson, F. G. , Z. physik. Chem. 70, 414 (1910)S c M t z , H. E . , Proc. Roy. SOC. (London) 72, 177 (1903Tilden, W. A. , Pmc. Roy. SOC. (London) -K 220 (1903)

Other References:

557 (1914j

Table of Sele cte d ValuesHcPemp.

O K JIgm-OK j/gm1 .ooo 051 0.000 0252 .ooo 108 ,000 1053 .ooo 176 .OW 2464 .ooo 261 .OOO 4636 .OOO 50 .001 218 .000 88 .002 6

1 0 .QOO 10*

10 .001 4 ,004 91 5 .oo4 0 .01820 .008 g .04825 *017 5 .11230 *0 31 5 .23235 *051 5 .436.40 -077 5 -75550 .142 1.8 5

60708090100120140160180200220240260280300

0.214.287357.422

,481580.654* 713760797

.826,849

.869.886

.g02

H .j/P3.646.159.371 3 - 2 5

17 7628.440.754.469.284.8

101.0117.8135-0152 5170.4


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I.o1

oa SPECIF IC HEATo f ALUMINUM- 06 ( l o - I O o K )D


4/94

a0IaWazwI a

S

FCH

BUbR

ud

I40u0

V


5/94


6/94

0300

0aJY

Waos

waaWQz

w

*I-

0200

V


7/94

T 3K0.10.20.30.40.50.60.70. 80.91234676910152030

3

4060708090100200

SPECIFIC HEAT OF C0PPE;R

2.70 x lo-'5.307.951.05 x 10-61.321.591. 682.152.462.756.591.26 X: 1 0 - ~2. 173.455.45a. 001.14 ~ 10-41.562.056.631.76 x 10-36.531.42 x2.363.454.104.355.506.068.55

T %3004005 0

. 6007008009001000110012001300(s) 1356(1) 135614001500160017001900200021002200230024002500260027002 80029003000

1aoo

9.23 x9.469.719.951.02 x 10-11.041.071.091.111.141.161.18+( 1.18)

( 1-18)( 1.18)(1.18) ,( 1.18)( 1.18)( 1.18)( 1. 18)( 1.18)( 1.18)(1.18)( 1.18)( 1.18)( 1.18)( 1.18)( 1.18)(1.18)( 1. 18)

Investigators: Avramescu, A. ( 34) 373-1273KI ; Bell, I . P. (35) 288-701KJBooker, J . , et a1 (36) 727-121OKJ Butler, C.P., and Inn,E. C. 1'. (37) 337-946K.3 Dockerty, S.M. ( 38) 201-389Kj ;D o c k e r t y , S . M . (39) 28-194K) Eder , F . X . (40) 30-300KJEsterman, I. et al (41) 2.2-3.6KI ; Eucken, A. , and Werth,H. (42) 94-219KI; Fieldhouse, I. B., et a1 (43) 811-131l.K)Fieldhouse, I. B. , et a1 (44) 1366-1922Kl ; Giauque, W. . ,*and hleads, P. F. (45) 15-300Kl ; Howse, P.T., t a1 (46)[ 366-544K.I Jaeger, F.M . , et a1 ( 47) 573-1173KI ;


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SPECIFIC BEAT, E I T A L P Y of COPPER(1' t o 1 0 K )

Sources of Data:C o d , W. S., G a r f u n k e l , M. P., S a t t e r t h m i t e , C. 3. endWexler, A . , Phya. Rev. 98, 1699-1707 (1955)Rsyne, J. A , , A u s t r a l i a n J. Phys. 9, 189-97 (1956)--

Other References:Ester-, I. Friedberg, S. A . , end G a l k n , J. E., Phys. Rev.-7; 582 (1952jKok, J . A. m d Keesoa, W. H., Physics 3, 1035 45 (1.936)-F h i l l i p s , I?. E. , Lox Teqerature Physics and Chemist=, Univ.Wisconsin P r e s s (1958) pp. 414-7 A

Ccments:For the tem pe ra tu re &-&e 0" t o 10"K, the spec i f i c hea t fol~lows*the equation: 3= 10.8 x 10-6 T + 30.6 [ j'/m- KcP

Table of Selected V s l u e s

Temp."K12

46010


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T e m p e r a t u r e , F

. _14iY-.-WWaWJ

0.

0.0

IO

0I-Y-ILLTem--c0WI0'cuWQv

.-


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lWIa


11/94

SF'ECIFIC m T , EXTHAU Y of COPPER( l o o to 3 0 0 K )

Sources of h t a :-Bcker'Ly, S. M., Cen. J. Reseerch _5 A , 59-66 (1937)-tk -r Referen=:Acyr-rn, S. and Kmda, E. , J. Chez. SOC. Japan -2, 312-15 (1941)~ S : I I ~ , ., Ann. Fnysiir u. Chem. (3) 66, 237-44 (1898)C C ~ S O I ~ , H. L. , Caisholm, -9. M. am Dockerty, S. M., Cea. J.Resezrch E 252 303 (1933)Tucken, A. a d Kerth, H. , . mor g . ellgem. Cflem.-88, Schenck Fest-Gis-o_ue W. F. 2nd I.ieeds , P. F., J. Am. Chem. Soz. -3, 1&97-1901 (1941)Keesom, W. H. end Onnes, H. K., C0nxiu .n~. Phys. Lab. Univ. Leiden NO.147a, 3 (1915)Koref, F,., A I . ~ i y s i k 6, 49-73 ( 1 9 ~ )ITekst, W., Sitzber. kgl. preuss. Plied. Wiss. 262 (1.910)Xemet, W. , S i t z b e r , kkgl. preuss . Akad. Wiss. 306 (1911)Nerast, W. and Lindemmn, F. A . , Z. Elektrochem. -7, 817 (1911)Schinpr'f, H. , Z. physik. kern. 71, 57 (1910)

-.SchfiI't, 152-72 (1930)

Temp9100120140160180200220240260280

Table of Se lec t ed ValuescP

; / p o x -0.254.288313,332

.346-3563643719 376.381

Temp.sc1015m25

304050607080

H*j l @0.0024.01q.034-090

195.611.402.584.136.02

cP;/m- K0.000 86.002 7.w 7.016027.om9099137.I73, 2 0 5

H*J /m10.616.122.128.535.342.449.656.964.472.0


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m mDD t;Dm

S

SPECIFICHEAT,

joemO

b

b

s

N

h


13/94

mrNNtInN

VIB-6


14/94


15/94

EH

BUb

a-u-

.FWaIaUWa2Wk c

000QYWIWaVW

I 0

aas

Orn0u

VI


16/94

0m

0.

I I.0


17/94

SWClTFIC HEAT and E of IXilUMSources of kb:----

Clcr.-.nt, J. R. md Qij-mell, E. H., Phys. Rev. 92, 258 (1953)C l m i u s , K. ard S c b m h i K z r , L., 2. &zturforsrh. g, 85 (1952)-

Cth-r References :I -C l ms n t , J. R. and Qui=eN-,E. H., ::a%. Bur. S k h - 2 6 Circ. 519, 89(1952) p h p . Rev. 79, 1028 (?-9?o) _-

a b l e of Selected ValuesT

OK

1122333.4w33.4046810

152025304050

CPj s--I(---0.006 o s000 019*ooo 138.OOO 141*

.OOO 410*OOo 464*

.ooO 584ooo 669"*OOo 95-003 59*om 55*015 5.036 7.060 8*a5.lo8:141,162

o.Oo0 011.Ooo 006.Ooo 085.OOO 073.OOO 3413573*coo 37.GQO 5813*OOo 99.005 m.017 o.Ob 8.1707781.265

2.524.04

.413

1CP

J/gm- Oh'0.176.186.I93.198. 3.211. 7,220.223.225227.223.230,232233

HJ/m5.737.539.4211.38

13 3917 5321.8126.1830.613539 59k4.1448.7253.3458 .o


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VIJc


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TEMPERATURE , R

E N T H AL P Yof I N D I U Mlo - IOo K ' )

4003 0200

I O 0

6 0

4 0302 0

I O

6

432

I

0.6Q4030 2

Q I


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EMV

BUb

8u00-0ax

0w

0

ID1

taLSwa5ow

dk

0IC


22/94

Source6 0 D a t a :Duyckaerts, G . , EPnysica -, 401-8 (1939)Keesom, W. B. d urreLmsyer, B., P~JBICS 633 (1939)Kelley, K. K., J. chern Phys. -1, 16-8 (1943)Other References :AUatin, J. B., Ind. Eng. C h e m . -4, 1225 (1932)

r48, G . , Mem. 8oc. soy. acil . Liege -, 193 (1945)Eucken, A . and Werth, E., Z. anorg. u. a l l g e m . Chem.-88, 152 (1930)Griffiths E. C. E R ~ riffiths, E .319 (19lkj d roc. Roy. Soc. (London) Ago, 57 (1914).Gunther. P., Ann. Phyerfk (4 ) -1, 828 (1916)Richards, T . W . and Jackson, F. G., 2. phyeik. &m. 70, 414 (1910)Rodebueh, W . E. and Michalek, J . C., J . Am. Cham. SQC. -7, 2117 (1925)

FhiP.. Tram. Roy. Soc. bndon A214'

Schmitz. H. $., Proc.. J@y. Soc. (Londlon) 72, 177 (,l9O3)Simon, F., 2.'angar. Chem. -1, l l l 3 (1928)S ~ Q A ,. am3 in, R. C . 2. phyaik. Chem. B28, 89 (1935)

CoIlmEnts:a -Iron is the form that ie stable up t o the Curie point at 760'C.b e body-centered cubic lattice. It

T"tc123468

103-520

-o.oO0 ogo.m 183.ooo a9.OOO 382.m 615.001 24.002 49.004 5

0.000 045.om 181.DO0 412.OOO 742.001730003 23ow5 37.014 5.03i 6

2.463 8 45.557.5612.4018.16

24.6331 6739.2


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24/94


25/94

T E t . ? P E R A T U R E , O R

0 E N T H A L P Yo f a I R O NIn

8 I Q


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4.181TEMPERATURE, OF?

20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100TEMPERATURE, K 200 300


27/94

SPecIFICSources of h t a :Eucken A. and Uerth, R.,

HEAT, ENTHAWY of 7 - I R O N2. anorg. u. allgem. Chem. 188, 52-72(19301

comments:The values of specific heat f o r pure y iron w e r e calculated byEucken and Werth by application of the Kopp-Neumann principle t otheir specific heat measurements on a 3O$ Mn-Fe alloy and 19.4%Mn-Fk alloy.should be regarded as an approximation only.In view of th is procedure, the values tabulated below

T"K2030405060708090100120140160180200

0.007.016.Ob1*ow


28/94

EL0Y00E

c-ut-WrY

a

n-\3t-mc-L

tWI

va0LLVWav,-


29/94

Y0(u0

11IL

E0\u0 )70

-.-

T E M P E R A T U R E , OR

40

20

10

6

4

2

I

0.6

0.4


30/94


31/94

I ' I ' ' I I I ' I ' I ' I0.0

0.6

0.4

02

0..O8R 6

.O

0 2

.o


32/94

u

*

4

0

0

9

-

00u000Q(Dt0m0u0

u0

9

Y0

WUIaeWazWI

V


33/94

S P E C I F I C REAT, ENTHALPY of A C m m D CHARCOALSource of Data:

Simon, F. and R. C., Z. physik. &ern, -28, 189-98 (1935)Colirments :

The values i n th e t a bl e below do not repres ent pr ec is e measurementsand were made on a sm pl e not f u l l y characterized. The values aremch higher than those f o r graphlte.va ri es 'i n str uc tur e and area, one may infer tha t the speci f ic heatmight al so .vary considerably from sample t o sample.Since activated charcoal

Table of Selected Values

Temp.OK

0.042.056.070.087.10.1214.16

0.491.11.92.83.95 -26.7


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TEMPERATURE, OR


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T E M P E R A T U R E , O R

I I I I I I I I I60 70 80 90 100


36/94

Sources of Data:Giauque, W . F. and Stout, J. W . , J. Am. Chem. SOC. -8, 1144(1936Simon, F., unpublfshed (1923).Stout (me above) e Da.ta reproduced in Giauque and

Other References:Barnes, W. N. a d WE . , Can. J. Research -, 2 0 5 (1930)Duyckaerts, e., bkm. soc. soy. E C ~ . iege -, 325 (1945)Nernst, W . Ann. physik, ser. 4, 36, 395 (1911)Pollitzer, F., Z. Elektrochem. 2, 13 (1913)

Table ~f Selected V a l u e sTemp.9K123468101214161820304050

0 . 0~ 90 0150.060 410.000 980.003 30.Kq 80.015 20.026 50 Ob30.065o.og00.1140.2290.3400.440

8.W 98 900.004 9 1000.015 6 1200.038Q-8790.1480.2550.4100.6152.335 a89*w

1401601%2220240268270273015

0.5350.6270.7160.8010.8821.031.161.291.431.571.721.862.012.002.10

13-9719 7 826.4934.0642.4761.683.5108 o135 92165.1197*923307272.4292.829904

R ep r i n t ed from WADD TECH.REPORT 60 56


37/94

Y0


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0m00-

V


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3ource of Data:Sochava, 1. V. and Trapeznikova, 0. N., Sov. Phys Doklady 2,164-6 (1957)

Comments:Slince no specific heat measurements existed below &OK, enthalpyvalues are given referenoad to this temperature.Wble of Selected Values

T%607084390100120140160180200220240260

0.418.496. 61.619.676470.872.9711.07

1 171.281.431.63

. H - aJ/m

4.57,g 8415-722.236.853 271 792 I114139166196


40/94

10

I

I ooc

100

T e m p e r a t u r e , F


41/94


42/94


43/94

I

1

I

?

1111I

IIII

*00 fT4ih4


44/94

Source of Data:Rands, R . D . Jr., Ferguson, W. T. and Pqather, J. L., J. ResearchNatl. BUT. St-ds 33, 63-70 (1944)

Comments :A second-order transition which indicates a change of slope occursat about 212 %.this transition. Hysteresis occurs in the region immediately belaw

Table of Se lec ted ValuesTemp."K5101-5202530405060708090100

0.004.028*WO.113-155.19692723383994455509.562.612

Hj/gm0.005007

7 71.442.324.667 7211.4015.6820.5025.86

931

31*74

Temp." K '120140160180200210212220240260280300

0 711.811.g111 Ol1.121.341.661.681.731.781.841 90

HJ/m45 o60.2770496-7118 o130 O133 3146.1180.1zt5.2251.4288.7


45/94

2

I

SPECIFIC H E A Tof G R - S ( B U N A - S )Y0.4Em\

In

3HHI4Ih,

I I lAmlI I I I I l l 1

I ri / I I I I I I 1 1 1 1 1 1 114I 'I I I I I 1 1 1 1 1 1.Q)03 0.21 ..CL0 0.1l-WI2 .04IL0W

Ua

-$ .02

.o I

.0045 IO 20 30 40 60 BO 100TEMPERATURE, O K 200 300

Temperature, F


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0.0 IOTemperature, K IO0 300


47/94

2


48/94

I

0.

0.60.50.4

0.3

0.2

0.

.0815 2 0 30 40 50 60 80 I O 0 200 300TEMPERATURE, O K

SPECIFIC HEAT and ENTAALPY of QUARTZSources of Data:


49/94

Anderson, C. T., J. Am. Chem. SOC. -8, 568 (1936)Westrum, E. F .; data reproduced in Lord, R.C. and Morrow, J. C., J. Chem.P ~ Y s . 6 230 (1957)

O t h e r References:Gunther, P., 2. anorg. u allgem. Chem. -16, 71 (1921)Nernst, W., Ann. F'hysik (4)-6, 395.(1911)

Table of Selected ValuesT?K101 5202530405060

703090

0.0007.0040. o n 3,0221-0353

, .of3530969

-1 3.162195

.223

Hj gm

0.0010.0120 .Ob90.1310.2730.7731.5832.714.175 -959.07

Ts(103120140160180m3220240250280300

CPj /gm- K

0.2519 325385

.441

.494543

.5ag

.631

.6710703.745

10.5116 3723.483 1 7541.151.562.8750088.0

101.8116.4


50/94

I

I1III

ll1I1III

I

III'

Accelerator Department. BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORYAssoc ia ted Uni vers i t ie s , Inc .


51/94

Upton, New York 11973ISABELLE Pro jec t

Technical Note No. 327THERMAI, CONDUCTIVITY INTEGRALS FOR FIBERGLASS-REINFORCED EPOXYAND A I S I 3 0 4 STAINLESS STEEL

S.R. P l a t eNovember 10, 1981I . INTRODUCTION

G-10, a gl as s- fi ll ed epoxy composite, and A I S I 3 0 4 s t a i n l e s ss t e e l , a r e materials which a r e used ex te ns iv el y i n t h e ISABELLEcryogenic transfer system. To ca lc u la te reasonably accura te hea t leaksa t G-10 spacers and s ta in le ss s t ee l vacuum breaks where largetemperacure grad ie n ts occur , the in tegr a ted thermal conduc t iv i t ie s f o rth e mate r ia ls i n ques tion , over var ious temperature ranges , wererequired. Since th e desired values were not read i ly ava i lab le , thein teg ra ted conduc t iv i t i e s w e r e ca lcu la ted .and 2. These a r e shown i n Table s 1

G-10 i s a woven cloth/epoxy composite; however, the rmalconduc t iv i ty da t a could not be obta ined fo r th i s par t ic u la r mat e r i a lconstru ction. Conductivity dat a w a s found for un iax ia l g lass - f i l ledepoxy re s i n mate r ia l , both pa ra l l e l t o the g la ss f ib er s and perpendicu-l a r ( through mat eria l th ickn ess) . Refer t o Figs . l a and lb . Thep a r a l l e l d i r e c t i o n i s a reasona bly accu ra te analog of G-10 con du cti vi tylongi t ud ina l l y and t ransverse ly ; th e perpendicu lar d i r ec t i on probablygiv es somewhat lower he at le ak val ues than would ac tu al ly be re al iz edthrough t h e th ic kn ess of a G-10 sh eet . These di ff er en ce s must be kepti n mind when u s h g the thermal c onduct ivity values t o approximate 12-10behavior.

11. METHODThe computer was programmed to perform an integral approximation

by summation of are as under th e curves of con duc tiv ity fo r th e

I

- -


52/94

, ., ,I

. .

., '. . Fig;. la .. .

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specific heat of some solids