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SPECIALITY GRAPHITE MATERIALS
FOR CONTINUOUS
CASTING
Contact for EuropeMERSEN France Gennevilliers41 rue Jean Jaurès - BP 148F-92231 GENNEVILLIERS CEDEXFRANCETel.: +33 (0)1 41 85 43 00Fax: +33 (0)1 41 85 45 11E-mail: [email protected]
Contact for AmericaMERSEN USA St-MarysGraphite Materials Division215 Stackpole StreetSt Marys, PA 15857-1488, USATel. : +1 814 781 -1234Fax : +1 814 781-8570 H
T12G
B019
0
Contact for AsiaMERSEN Kunshan Co. Ltd.No. 29 South Taihu Road, Kunshan, Jiangsu Province 215334, CHINATel.: +86 512 5763 9808Fax: +86 512 5763 9811
A WORLD EXPERTin materials and solutionsfor high temperature processes
Main production sites
Industrial or commercial branch
St-Marys, USA
Holytown, Scotland UK
Gennevilliers, France
Chongqing, China
www.mersen.com
A GLOBAL PLAYERGlobal expert in materials and solutions for extreme
environments as well as in the safety and reliability of electrical equipment Mersen designs innovative
solutions to address its clients specific
needs to enable them to optimize their manufacturing process in sectors such as energy, transportation, electronics, chemical, pharmaceutical and process industries.
HORIZONTAL CONTINUOUS CASTER
Cooling system
Graphite die
2
Continuous castingis a metallurgical process which allows continuous control of the transformation from a liquid metal to a solid state in order to directly obtain semi-finished products like: • wires, • rods, • tubes, • strips, • custom sections.
The graphite “die” used in this transformation, permits:• the shaping of the metal,• the heat extraction necessary to transform the metal from liquid to solid state.
Solidification front
… depends mainly on the composition of the alloy to be cast: grey iron requires a graphite resistant to wear abrasion; brass, a graphite relatively dense but with enough open porosity to allow zinc to evaporate in the area of the solidification front; non-ferrous alloys containing elements like nickel or cobalt need high density graphite to reduce chemical attack of thegraphite die...
The other parameters which determine the choice of the grade are:
• the size and shape of the cast section,• the speed of casting,• the total amount of alloy to cast,• casting orientation (i.e, vertical or horizontal).
In addition to the graphite grade chosen, the casting results are
3
Recommended grades
The selection of the best graphite grade for your application…
also a function of die design, quality of machining, and the specific characteristics of the casting installation. Our grades have been developed in conjunction with foundrymen to obtain the proper blend of physical characteristics for continuous casting. We can provide technical services to assist you in finding a suitable graphite for your application. However, in many cases optimal grade selection can be made only through actual trials.The following application chart should be used only as an indicative guide for grade selection.
Cast alloy Wire casting Billet casting Strip casting Tube casting
Grey and ductile iron - 2020 - 2020
Brass (Cu-Zn) 2191, 2204 2191, 2114 2220, 2204 2220, 2191
Bronze 2191, 2204 2191, 2114 2204, 2230 2191, 2220 (Core)
Phosphorus bronze 2220, 2204 2191, 2220 2220, 2204 2191, 2220
Maillechort (Cu-Zn-Ni) 2230, 2204 2230 2204, 2230 2191, 2204 Nickel-silver
Nickel-copper 2230, 2204 - 2204, 2230, 2450 -
Red copper, Phosphorus 2191, 2235 2191, 2114 - - deoxidized copper
Aluminium - 2191 2220 -
Silver, Gold 2191 - 2191 2191
Precious metal alloys 2204, 2450 - 2204, 2450 2204, 2450
Typical characteristics
4
Data herein contained are provided for general information purpose only and are not binding. Mersen shall have no liability whatsoever with respect to informa-tion contained herein. Duplication, reproduction or translation of any information contained herein, in whole or in part, is strictly prohibited without prior written consent of Mersen.
Our materials are in conformity with the RoHS-Directive (Restriction of the use of certain Hazardous Substances in electrical and electronic equipment).
Besides Mersen guarantees the application of the European Community REACH-Regulation (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemical substances) to all its plants located in Europe.
Unit 2191 2020 2220 2204 2450
1.75
12
80 (L)
9
95 (L)
8
80 (H)
8
80 (H)
8
80 (H)
1.77 1.84 1.85 1.86
%
Rockwell
44 45 58 44 45
97 99 124 97 99
1,090 1,550 1,140 1,090 1,550
116 85 112 116 85
67 49 65 67 49
15 15 13 15 15
0.0006 0.0006 0.0005 0.0006 0.0006
545 x 545 x 1,830 530 x 635 x 1,830 308 x 620 x 915 308 x 545 x 915 308 x 530 x 915
g/cm3
MPa
MPa
x 10-6
W/m°CBTU-Ft/Ft2Hr°F
µm
in
mm
in 21.4 x 21.4 x 72 20.8 x 25 x 72 12 x 24 x 36
2114
10
70 (H)
1.81
52
103
1,240
104
60
13
0.0005
308 x 620 x 915
12 x 24 x 36 12 x 21.4 x 36 12 x 20,8 x 36
2230
4
85 (H)
1.90
10.1 9.2 11.4 10.1 9.2GPa 11.4 11.4
58
124
1,140
112
65
13
0.0005
152 x 620 x 915
6 x 24 x 36
6,400 6,500 8,400 6,400 6,500psi 7,500 8,500
14,100 14,300 18,000 14,100 14,300psi 15,000 18,000
4.2 4.3 5.5 4.2 4.3/°C 5.3 5.5
2.3 2.4 3.1 2.3 2.4/°F 3.0 3.1
0.00043 0.00061 0.00045 0.00043 0.00061
µΩcm
Ωin 0.00049 0.00045
Property
Density
Porosity
Hardness
Modulus
of elasticity
Flexural
strength
Compressive
strength
Coefficientof thermal expansion
Electrical
resistivity
Thermal
conductivity
Average
grain size
Standard
block size
• Non-wetting to most metals due to its low reactivity and low porosity. These characteristics can be tailored to specific casting requirements through selective processing.
• High thermal conductivity.
• Easy to machine and to polish.
• Capable of withstanding molten metal temperatures. Graphite sublimates at 3,650°C and atmospheric pressure.
Graphite manufacturing
Melting and boiling points
Boiling point °C
Melting point °C
0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000
5,9003,370
3,6503,700
2,620
2,8561,062
2,7401,535
2,6001,083
2,550 2,300
2,340232
2,300660
2,190960,5
Tungsten
Molybdenum2,900
1,455 Nickel
Gold
Copper
Boron2,355
1,410 Silicium
Tin
Aluminium
Silver
420 Zinc907
Typical values of thermal conductivityMaterial W/m.° K
0 100 200 300 400 500
385 Copper
163 Tungsten
100 Graphite for Continuous Casting
90 Nickel
75 Iron
42 Carbon
0.7 Brick
0.1 Rigid carbon insulation CALCARB®
Cu
mu
lati
ve P
ore
Vo
lum
e (1
0-2 c
m3 /g
)
Pore Radius (µ.m)0,1 1 10
0
5
10
15
2191
2204 2220
2020
2230
Graphite
2114
2450
Thermal conductivity
W/m.° K
110
80
0500 1,000 1,500 °C
22202204
2191
2230
2020 2450
2114
5
Contact for EuropeMERSEN France Gennevilliers41 rue Jean Jaurès - BP 148F-92231 GENNEVILLIERS CEDEXFRANCETel.: +33 (0)1 41 85 43 00Fax: +33 (0)1 41 85 45 11E-mail: [email protected]
Contact for AmericaMERSEN USA St-MarysGraphite Materials Division215 Stackpole StreetSt Marys, PA 15857-1488, USATel. : +1 814 781 -1234Fax : +1 814 781-8570 H
T12G
B019
0
Contact for AsiaMERSEN Kunshan Co. Ltd.No. 29 South Taihu Road, Kunshan, Jiangsu Province 215334, CHINATel.: +86 512 5763 9808Fax: +86 512 5763 9811
A WORLD EXPERTin materials and solutionsfor high temperature processes
Main production sites
Industrial or commercial branch
St-Marys, USA
Holytown, Scotland UK
Gennevilliers, France
Chongqing, China
www.mersen.com
A GLOBAL PLAYERGlobal expert in materials and solutions for extreme
environments as well as in the safety and reliability of electrical equipment Mersen designs innovative
solutions to address its clients specific
needs to enable them to optimize their manufacturing process in sectors such as energy, transportation, electronics, chemical, pharmaceutical and process industries.
Graphite is well adapted for use as continuous casting dies because of its unique physical characteristics:
Contact for EuropeMERSEN France Gennevilliers41 rue Jean Jaurès - BP 148F-92231 GENNEVILLIERS CEDEXFRANCETel.: +33 (0)1 41 85 43 00Fax: +33 (0)1 41 85 45 11E-mail: [email protected]
Contact for AmericaMERSEN USA St-MarysGraphite Materials Division215 Stackpole StreetSt Marys, PA 15857-1488, USATel. : +1 814 781 -1234Fax : +1 814 781-8570 H
T12G
B019
0
Contact for AsiaMERSEN Kunshan Co. Ltd.No. 29 South Taihu Road, Kunshan, Jiangsu Province 215334, CHINATel.: +86 512 5763 9808Fax: +86 512 5763 9811
A WORLD EXPERTin materials and solutionsfor high temperature processes
Main production sites
Industrial or commercial branch
St-Marys, USA
Holytown, Scotland UK
Gennevilliers, France
Chongqing, China
www.mersen.com
A GLOBAL PLAYERGlobal expert in materials and solutions for extreme
environments as well as in the safety and reliability of electrical equipment Mersen designs innovative
solutions to address its clients specific
needs to enable them to optimize their manufacturing process in sectors such as energy, transportation, electronics, chemical, pharmaceutical and process industries.
