Spearfishing Watercraft Research Report

SPEARFISHING WATERCRAFT

DESIGNRESEARCH REPORT

Andre Heller07249977

ORIGINALITY DECLARATION

Student IDSurname

First NamesPaper Number

Paper TitleAssignment Title

LecturersDue Date

Word CountProof Readers

07249977HellerAndre Julian Jackson198.453Industrial Design Research and Development.Spearfishing Watercraft Research ReportChris Jackson and Lyn GarrettMonday 16th May 2010.2758Kathy Heller and Daniel Jarvie,Dave Skostad, Alexsia Heller.

Declaration

I declare that this is an original document and is entirely my own work. Where I have made use of ideas of other writers, I have acknowledged them (referenced) the sources on every instance. Where I have used diagrams or visuals, I have acknowledged (referenced) the sources in every instance.

This assignment has been prepared exclusively for this paper and has not been and will not be submitted as assessed work in other academic courses.

I am aware of the penalties for plagiarism as laid down byMassey University.

Signed: Date:

Originality Declaration

CONTENTS

1.02.03.04.0 4.15.06.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.87.0 7.1 7.1.1 7.1.2 7.1.3 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.58.0 8.1 8.29.0 9.1 9.2

10.011.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.412.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.413.0 13.1 13.2 13.314.015.016.0 16.1 16.2 16.317.0 1 2 3 4 518.019.0

Time LineProject AimStatement / OpportunityObjectives - Research QuestionsResearch to designResearch Methods - Surveys - Interviews - Observational Dives - Spacial Ergonomics - Collaboration with Experts - User Discussions - Prototype Testing - SecondaryMarket Analysis - Current Products - Bi-polar - Strong Attributes - Platform Reviews - Users - Group / Club - Persona 1 - Persona 2Spearfishing Process - Process - Shooting ProcessSpearfishing Environment - Dangers / Threats - Weather Conditions

Page Page

Spearfishing ExperienceRituals - Social - Hunter / Gatherer - Comfort - CompetitivePerformance Issues - Equipment Storage - Water Entry / Exit - Shape - Spatial LayoutEnvironmental Issues - Carbon Footprint - Manufacture - Fish PopulationUser Needs / WantsDesign SpecificationsInitial Concepts - Concept 1 - Concept 2 - Concept 3Appendices - Survey - Survey Results - Observational Dives - Interview - Spacial ErgonomicsFiguresReference List

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Contents

- Surveys- Interviews- Focus Groups- Dive Shops

- Books / Magazines- WWW.- Previous Surveys

Data Collection:Secondary:

Week 2 Week 4

Week 1 Week 3 Week 5

SPEARFISHING WATERCRAFT

DESIGNRESEARCH METHODOLOGY + METHODS

- Who are the spearfishermen?- What is the process of spearfishing?- What equipment is needed?- What do spearos value in spearfishing, and what attracts them to it?- What is eco fishing and how does this help the environment?- The weather conditions that spearos will go out in.- Are there any current problems or issues with boats / watercrafts being used today for spearfishing?- Any growing trends within spearfishing?

What are the research questions?

RESEARCH QUESTIONS

METHODSWhat are the methods?

I expect to find issues or problems within boat or watercraft spearfishing. This will come from both primary and secondary research methods.

I also expect to see trends develop with the data collection methods I will be using.

Collaboration with experts and dive shops will provide practical knowledge to help with the design process.

During the observational research I expect to see ideas and issues developconcerning a watercraft design.

RESULTSExpected Results?

HOW / WHEN / WHEREHow / when / where will I conduct it?

- What do spearos get out of spearfishing? Why do they do it?- Is spearfishing an individual, partnership or group sport?- What is the difference in criteria of a watercraft for spearfishing compared to currently used products?

Prf / Exp:

- Data collection methods will be conducted via internet and in person (boardroom).- Collaboration with experts will be conducted through meetings.- Observational research will be conducted in the spearfishing environments, using film and photography.- Hands on methods can be conducted during focus group sessions.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND METHODS - FORMATIVE

What I need to learn?

KNOWLEDGE NEEDEDFor this project I need to develop research questions to assist in the design process. A good way to develop these is to know what I need to learn.

Scope:- Would a watercraft designed specifically for spearfishing prove valuable for spearfishing?- What are the issues or problems with the current boats being used?

TIME LINE1.0

Time line to show key milestones through the research project. This will help time management for the methods that will be used for the project.

Pg.01 1.0 Time line

A discussion and peer review with my supervisor(s) about this research project has been conducted with the outcome to be low risk. Information sheet and consent form for participants in research to fill out.

- Data collection will provide quantitative results which will suggest a trend and assist in performance design.- Collaboration and observational methods will provide qualitative results. These will predominantly help in the design experience.

HELP KEEP THINGS IN PERSPECTIVE

FUTURE PROGRESS

- The data collection based research methods will give firm statistics that I can use in designing the product.- The collaboration research will help keep thing in perspective and realistic.

- I may be able to find issues that the users do not notice, but a 3rd party could see during the observational research.- Hands on modelling and tests of prototype with users will help in performance design.

- Follow trends through surveys

- Pie / Bar Graphs- Charts- Diagrams

- Gather raw data turn into a graphic output.Collect:

Analyse:

Present:

- Expert in Boat Design- Expert in Spearfishing- Dive Shop

- Focus Groups- Dives- Dive Trip- Film- Photography

- Velcro modelling- Sketch modelling- Full Scale Prototype Test Model

Data Collection: Collaboration + Contact: Observational: Hands On:

RESOURCESWhat are the resources needed?

ETHICS ISSUESWhat are the ethical issues?

APPLICATION OF METHODSHow will these methods help answer your research questions?

- Expert in Spearfishing- Expert in Boat Design- Dive Shop

PROCESSING DATAHow are you going to collect / analyse / present the data?

DRIVE INNOVATIONHow will the data they generate help drive innovation?

PRF VS EXPPerformance or experienced focused?

Week 8Week 6 Week 10 Week 12

Week 9Week 7 Week 11 Week 13

This research will be experienced focused gained via performance insights. There will be numerous experience and performance based questions. This will get the bestunderstanding of the overall topic and assist in making crucial decisions.

To help with practicality forspearfishing (performance design)

Statistics / Sponsorship

To help with shape and hull design (cans and can not’s)

DESIGN CONCEPTSAND RESEARCH - 30%

FINAL DESIGN - REPORT, PANEL, WORKBOOK 70%

I expect to find issues or problems within boat or watercraft spearfishing. This will come from both primary and secondary research methods.

I also expect to see trends develop with the data collection methods I will be using.

Collaboration with experts and dive shops will provide practical knowledge to help with the design process.

During the observational research I expect to see ideas and issues developconcerning a watercraft design.

HOW / WHEN / WHEREHow / when / where will I conduct it?

- Data collection methods will be conducted via internet and in person (boardroom).- Collaboration with experts will be conducted through meetings.- Observational research will be conducted in the spearfishing environments, using film and photography.- Hands on methods can be conducted during focus group sessions.

PROJECT AIM

The aim of this project is to research and evaluate spearfishing within New Zealand and products within this market to find where the best opportunity for design is. During this research problems and issues should arise.

To design a watercraft to transport spearfishermen and theirequipment to dive locations, which delivers both performanceand experience to the users making the process of spearfishing easier and more enjoyable.

2.0

Pg.03 2.0 Project Aim

STATEMENT / OPPORTUNITY3.0

Spearfishing commonly known as targeted Eco fishing is one of the most selective forms of fishing there is, as it allows the diver to determine their fish species and size before capture. The sport is rapidly growing in New Zealand and around the world.

Currently there is no boat or watercraft designed specifically for spearfishing, as they tend to cater for a range of recreational sports. This gives an opportunity for a watercraft in this market.

3.0 Statement / Opportunity Pg.04

1. To understand spearfishing as a task and what the process is.

2. Look at the environments that surround spearfishing in New Zealand.

3. To identify problems and issues within the current watercrafts used for spearfishing.

4. Recognise what the experience and performance issues are.

5. Understand what the rituals are in spearfishing and why they exist.

OBJECTIVES4.0

1. What is the spearfishing process and how is it done?

2. What are the issues or problems with current boats being used?

3. What do spearfishermen get out of spearfishing? Why do they do it?

4. What are New Zealand’s spearfishing environments like?

5. Is spearfishing an individual, partnership or group sport?

6. What is needed on a boat for spearfishing?

Pg.05 4.0 Objectives

4.1 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

RESEARCH TO DESIGN5.0

5.0 Research to design Pg.06

OBJECTIVES

QUESTIONS

3, 4 1, 3, 4 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

2, 3, 5, 6 2, 3, 5, 6 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

3, 4, 5 2, 3, 4, 5

METHODS SURVEYS INTERVIEWS OBSERVATIONALDIVES

COLLABORATIONWITH EXPERTS

USERDISCUSSIONS

Observational dives have proved to be the most productive. This has been the primary research method.

This graph will show what methods deliver what objectives and answer what questions.

Fig.1

If you would like to leave your name and contact details for further research please do so.

Thank you for your time.

Andre HellerResearch Student, Bachelor Industrial Design (Honours)Massey [email protected] 6358 542

25. Most importantly what do YOU get out of spearfishing? How do you feel after a dive?

26. Where have you dived before? (eg. Wgtn South Coast, Hen and Chicks, D’urville Island etc)

Andre Heller

17. What time would you usually go for a dive?

6:00am - 10:00am (Morning) 10:00am - 2:00pm (Lunch) 2:00pm - 6:00pm (Afternoon) 6:00pm - 10:00pm (Evening) Other (Please specify)

18. What is your biggest investments in the sport concerning the following? Time Money Dedication Other (Please specify)

19. How many people do you usually dive with?

No one else 1 2 3 Other (Please specify)

20. The term Eco Fishing…

You have never heard of You have heard of once You have used this term You use this term regularly Other (Please specify)

21. How do you as a spearo, look after the marine environment?

1. Do you use any other pieces of equipment other than; Mask, snorkel, wet suit, fins, knife, weight belt, gun, float, stringer, globes, booties, catch bag and measures. If so what is it?

2. How often do you dive?

Weekly Fortnightly Monthly Seasonally Other (Please specify)

3. What weather conditions would you NOT dive in?

Light winds Heavy winds Rain 1.5m swells Other (Please specify)

4. How long does it take to setup your boat or watercraft? (Or your mates)

0 - 15mins 15mins - 30mins 30mins - 1 hour 1 - 2 hours Other (Please specify)

5. What do you take on a boat dive that is different to a shore entry dive?

6. What safety gear do you take on a boat or watercraft?

7. Is storage of all equipment an issue? If so what is it and why?

8. Would you dive more at high or low tide?

9. Do you believe that dry areas are important on a boat?

Yes No

10. If so, prioritise these items to put in dry areas. (1 being the first)

First Aid Kit Electronics - Cell phones, Cameras, music players etc Emergency Products - Epirbs, Flares, GPS etc Clothing and Towels Other (Please specify)

11. What size boat or watercraft would you use? (Feet or metres, model and make if known)

12. What sort of distances would you travel on the water to get to a dive location?

Less than 1 km 1-2 km 2-5 km 5 - 10 Other (Please specify)

13. What is an average fuel consumption on your boat you would use going on a dive?

14. What would you change about your current boat or watercraft? (Please specify in detail)

15. What type and model of watercraft do you think is best suited to spearfishing and why?

16. What type of vehicle do you have for towing your boat/watercraft?

SPEARFISHING

WATERCRAFT

DESIGN

SURVEY

SPEARFISHING FROM

A BOAT OR WATERCRAFT(EXCLUDING BLUE WATER)

My name is Andre Heller and I am currently in

my final year of Industrial Design at Massey

University Wellington. Throughout the year I

will be researching and designing a specialist

watercraft for spearfishing. This is a survey

to gain knowledge and understanding of user

needs to assist in the design process. Filling out

this survey allows permission to the

researcher to use the information

given for this project.

Please fill in the survey and leave at the dive

shop counter or take the prepaid envelope

and send directly to Andre. Thank you very

much. Have a nice day.

RESEARCH METHODS6.0

6.2 INTERVIEWS

Interviews were used to gain qualitative results. These were conducted 1 on 1 in person. The information of the experienced divers interviewed will be reliable.

6.3 OBSERVATIONAL DIVES

Numerous observational dives were conducted throughout New Zealand to gauge the different environments and conditions spearfishermen are in. Observation of the spearfishingexperience help to identify the user needs. This also provided good understanding of the spearfishing process. Photography and filming of the process has been used to documentthese dives.

6.4 COLLABORATION WITH EXPERTS

Collaboration with boat design and spearfishing experts wasconducted. This was to discuss performance issues withvarious concepts.

Pg.07 6.0 Research Methods

6.1 SURVEYS

Surveys were used to gain quantitative information and consumer opinions. This shows trends through the statistics that are built up in the results. The statistics will assist in performance design. These were conducted online using fluidsurveys.com andphysical copies were given to participants at Wellington Dive shops and nationwide spearfishermen to fill out.

Fig.2

Fig.3Interviewee

Survey

Spearfisherman

Experts

Fig.4

Fig.5

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6.7 PROTOTYPE MODEL

6.8 SECONDARY RESEARCH

Once a concept is decided upon and well developed a full-scale prototype will be modelled from plywood and polystyrenefoam. This will then be tested by spearfishermen to climb in and out of to gauge the usability of the concept. The results of the prototype testing will be outlined in the final design report.

Secondary research methods such as books, magazines and the internet help to gather information.

6.6 USER DISCUSSION

This is a focus group style meeting were results of surveys,interviews and observational dives will be discussed. Theparticipants can then freely talk about the results as a group to agree or disagree upon. The results of the user discussion will beoutlined in the final design report.

6.5 SPATIAL ERGONOMICS

To understand the space and ergonomics of the design, plans were drawn at full scale on a large section of pavement. Once drawn, a group of divers were asked to use the space, putting on their equipment as they would in a watercraft. They were later asked to change the design or shape to better suit them.

6.0 Research Methods Pg.08

Ergonomics Test Fig.4.5

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MARKET ANALYSIS

Pg.09 7.0 Market Analysis

7.0

Watercraft products in the spearfishing market have manyvariables such as practicality, function, cost, materials, weight, performance, stability, maintenance and durability.

Below displays what the strong attributes are for these watercrafts. Starting with the lowest cost craft.

7.1 CURRENT PRODUCTS

7.1.1 BI-POLAR

7.1.2 STRONG ATTRIBUTES

Black Dog Cat Stability, function, performance, durability

Aluminium Panga Function, performance

Fibreglass fishing boat Performance

Aluminium fishing boat Durability, stability, performance

RIB Function, performance, durability

Wingman Catamaran Low cost, low maintenance, stability

Low maintenance, stability, function

Jet Ski Performance

Plastic Pontoon

Kayak Low cost, low maintenance

Product opportunities

IMPRACTICALFUNCTIONAL

HIGH COST

LOW COST

Fibreglass Fishing

RIB

AluminiumFishing

AluminiumPanga

Thundercat

Wingman Plastic Pontoon

Jet Ski

Kayak

Fig.6

Spearfishermen aged below 20 to above 60 will be the mainusers of the watercraft. They will either own the craft or use through a friends or family. This user will use the craft to travel on water to get to dive locations.

Ron Bakker tests different watercrafts as spearfishing platforms, to see what is the next dive boat of choice.

A very pleasant way to paddle out to rocks and close to shore, but if the weather changes for the worse, the kayak can become unstable and tip. “It’s also very easy to loose something over the side if one becomes a bit complacement.” (Bakker, 2010, pg.31) Other problems with the kayak is it can only manage short trips.

A fast and effective way to transport a diver but not hisequipment. Jet skis have very limited space making it not a very suitable spearfishing platform. “It would actually be quicker, allow greater range and if it flipped, it would be self-righting. There was however, the issue of room.” (Bakker, 2010,pg.31)

The RIB - Rescue Inflatable Boat, a common spearfishingplatform. Great accessibility with very few problems.

“As far as a vessel for transport and diving, the thundercat is simplicity itself. It’s also very agile, stable and economical on fuel. At the end of the day, the thundercat gets me to primo spots for a good price” (Bakker, 2010,pg.31)

Mechanics will be the secondary users when working onthe watercraft.

The Bluefins spearfishing club is based in Auckland,New Zealand. It holds monthly meetings and hosts the North Island Spearfishing Champs. Members of the Bluefins Club are prime candidates for this target market. They are keen,enthusiastic and dedicated spearfishermen. Spearfishing clubs offer divers more accessibility to spearfishing, allowing them to meet new people to get out on the water. These trips awaytogether bond new friendships.

7.3 GROUP / CLUB

7.0 Market Analysis Pg.10

7.1.3 PLATFORM REVIEWS - Ron Bakker / NZ Spearo Magazine 7.2 USERS

PRIMARY

SECONDARY

Jet Ski

Thundercat

RIB

Kayak

Pg.11 7.0 Market Analysis

Another memorable experience was in the Cook Islands Rarotonga having a turtle follow me around while diving and the clarity of the blue water was 200+ viz. Have just recently looked into pursingunderwater photography as a further point of interest. While living in the USA I pursued my dive interests and found a dive club one being Massachusetts Free divers Club where myexperiences from NZ dive clubs differed in that water temperature was much colder with less fish species and less visibility, I also pursued my sports I played in NZ, ie Under water Hockey and was invited to participate in Under Water Rugby. This led to theopportunity for me to trial and represent the USA team to play in the World Champs in Germany. I still maintain contact with clubmembers in the US, some of whom are planning a visit to dive in NZ.

I belong to two dive clubs, the dive meetings are every second Thursday every month with Blue fins once every six weeks - Open Oceans Club. I average out roughly every second to every third weekend diving mostly east coast from White Island to the far North. The most memorable dive experience was diving in blue water in a gully from near surface to bottom with 100’s of‘schnapper’ like a school of Mau Mau.

George Napa54Elevator TechnicianMarriedDid not discloseNoneSpearfishing, Underwater Rugby,Underwater Hockey, Familygatherings.Started in early 80’s, approx 30yearsAlderman Islands, Great BarrierIslands, Hen and Chicken Islands,Boston/Massachusetts, west coastCalifornia, Cook Islands, Fiji, Hawaii.Bluefins - previously before leaving to reside in the USA 5 years then on return 3 years, Open Oceans 2 years, Massachusetts Free Dive 4 years

Name:Age:

Occupation:Marital Status / Family:

Income:Boat:

Interests:

Spearfishing Experience:Dive Locations:

Spearfishing Club:

About Me

Fig.7This is factual information7.4 PERSONA -1A

ndre

Hel

ler (

2011

)

7.0 Market Analysis Pg.12

This shot is a photo of me with my first Mahi Mahi, being my most memorable dive, shot in blue water. This was a game fishing trip on my Grandfather’s 12m. We also caught Marlin and many otherspecies. Usually i’ll dive with a couple of my friends on my 12 foot dingy in Wellington, around the South and West Coast. Most common species are Butterfish, Blue Cod, Blue Moki, John Dory, Kahawai, Red Lobster and Terikihi. I have been on a few trips down south to D’urville and the French Pass. Soon I wish to upgrade my dingy as it is not a very stable platform for spearfishing. I would like a pontoon style boat with a bit more grunt.

Name:Age:

Occupation:

Marital Status / Family:Income:

Boat:Interests:

Spearfishing Experience:Dive Locations:

Spearfishing Club:

This is based on information found through interviews.

James Willson24BuilderBuilding ApprenticeshipPartnerNZD $40,000.0012ft Aluminium dingy, 20hp Tiler SteerFreediving, Mountain Biking,Spearfishing4years Freediving and Spearfishing, Scuba Dive Certificate.Wellington - Makara, Red Rocks, Boom Rock, Breaker Bay.South Island - D’urville Island,The French Pass. N/A

Fig.8

About Me

7.5 PERSONA -2

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Pg.13 8.0 Spearfishing Process

SPEARFISHING PROCESS

Step 1. Sitting in the water, the diver first loads their gun, then limits their movements to lower their heart rate, takes a deep breath and bends torso over forward towards their feet to begin their decent.Step 2. Once at the bottom, the diver will work through the weed or around rocks to get to an opening. Sitting patiently waiting for a fish to appear. This may take some goes before sighting a fish that is appropriate to shoot.Step 3. When the diver has found their target fish, they will line up a shot and pull the trigger. Almost instantaneously the spear is fired through the fish. Step 4. The diver swims after the fish to quickly retrieve it or pulls it in as they head to the surface. Letting the line slack will let the fish head into the weed compromising the catch and theequipment.Step 5. Once the diver has reached the surface, they can control the fish by grabbing it under the gill and ickying it through the top of the head to kill it.Step 6. Removing the spear from the fish then stung onto the float line, placed in a catch bag, or put into a chilli bin on ice.

This is a basic outline of the spearfishing process. It cantake a couple of hours or up to a whole day (6am start – 8pmfinish). This is depending on where the dive location is, what thewatercraft used is and how long the dive is for. Also whenspearfishing, the wether can change rapidly and this needs to be taken into consideration. Spearfishing is very demanding inregards to time, effort and dedication.

8.0

8.2 SHOOTING PROCESS

8.1 PROCESS1. Check weather2. Pack boat3. Fuel up4. Tow to boat ramp5. Put wet suits on6. Launch boat7. Drive to dive location8. Anchor9. Gear up10. Jump in water11. Spear fish12. Swim back to boat13. Put gun in boat14. Jump into boat15. Pull float line in16. Take fish off stringer17. Put fish in catch bin18. Remove gear19. Pull up anchor20. Drive back to boat ramp21. Retrieve boat22. Take wet suits off23. Dry24. Drive home25. Wash boat / dive gear26. Store boat27. Fillet fish28. Cook dinner29. Enjoy cold beer

Process Image Matrix

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Fig.9

9.0 Spearfishing Environment Pg.14

SPEARFISHING ENVIRONMENT

Spearfishing like hunting is to be taken seriously. The equipment used can be very harmful, after all it is designed to kill fish, so it can have damaging effects to the people using it. Typical incidents are usually cuts that are knife related, but blackouts or being shot with a spear can prove life threatening. Although not common, they can happen.

Rocks, pinnacles, reefs, and sandbars create some of NewZealand’s wonders. They attract marine life and spearfishermen. Boating through and around these environments can be risky, but with some maritime knowledge they are very much achievable.

There are not only dangers on the boat, but also in the sea. Sharks, Sting Rays, Orcas, Seals and Jellyfish are threatening tospearfishermen. It is not common to hear of deaths but injuries can and do occur.

New Zealand’s waters and rugged coastline poses many threats to boatie’s and fishermen. Recognising these threats minimises the risk that the beautiful but unforgiving environment posses’.

As New Zealand is very open to the elements, weather can change for the worse. Numerous boating incidents occur due to lack of respect or knowledge for the sea and weather. This varies depending on the location in New Zealand and the season. Fundamentals to consider are tides, swells, currents, winds,temperature and daylight. If any of these elements change then there can be severe consequences.

9.0

9.1 DANGERS / THREATS

9.2 WEATHER CONDITIONS

Fig.10

Fig.11

Fig.12

Fig.13

Blackouts

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Rocky Coast

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Marine Life

Weather Conditions

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10.0 SPEARFISHING EXPERIENCE

Pg.15 10.0 Spearfishing Experience

refreshed

food

plenty of marine life

challenge

different worldnatural environmentsatisfied

relaxing

peace good visibility few beers after enjoyment

nice boating conditions

knoledge

primaldifferent environment

joy of the hunt

rare meal

freedom

exercise

learning how to read the ocean and weather

risk

selective fishingstealth hunting

mates good storiespure escapism

time out

outside your element

solitude just getting in the water

trophy fish exploring personal achievement“no one asks me questions down there”

fish for dinner

WHAT MAKES A SUCCESSFUL DIVE?

WHAT ATTRACTS SPEARFISHERMEN TO THE

EXPERIENCE OF BEING UNDERWATER AND HUNTING?

WHAT DO THEY GET OUT OF SPEARFISHING?

HOW DO THEY FEEL AFTER A DIVE?

Fig.14 Fig.15 Fig.16Underwater Marine Life Camaraderie

RITUALS

Spearfishing is a hobby, a method of hunting for food, and acompetitive sport. Because spearfishing is not a commercial method of fishing it has many rituals. These are either performed before or after the shooting of fish. Whether conscious orsubconscious, rituals are performed by spearfishermen as they provide comfort, enjoyment and satisfaction.

Spearfishing undoubtedly brings people together. After a long day enjoyed by all on the water, often spearfishermen will like to sit back and relax with a cold beer. “Good company and people to share the spoils with over a few beers afterwards.” (Hobson, 2011, Survey)

Simple rituals such as gutting the fish, cooking and cleaning the boat are enjoyed by spearfishermen. They feel as if they have achieved something by providing for friends and family, therefore bringing them satisfaction from the sport.

11.0

11.1 SOCIAL

11.2 HUNTER / GATHERER

11.0 Rituals Pg.16

Spearfishing competitions held by spearfishing clubs and organisations have all of these rituals but also a sense of pridebeing able to have their ‘trophy fish’ on display. Usually a glory shot of the spearfishermen holding his ‘trophy fish’ is takenfor memorabilia.

11.4 COMPETITIVE

Like all sports, spearfishermen have their own personalcomfort rituals such as going to the toilet before heading out, double checking their gear or sharpening their spear. These rituals can be vastly different diver to diver.

11.3 COMFORT

Fig.17

Fig.18

Fig.19

Gutting Fish

Trophy Fish

Social Aspect

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12.0

Pg.17 12.0 Performance Issues

PERFORMANCE ISSUES

Entering and exiting a watercraft has proven to be one of the most critical issues. This is quite often due to a lack of boardingplatforms or inadequate platforms. Generally these platforms have been designed for a swimmer, making it extremely difficult for a spearfishermen with all their equipment to climb aboard.

Once aboard the watercraft there is also inadequate storage or space for their equipment to go. The floor space tends to be the only option for the diver to drop all their gear. This leaves aterrible mess and imposes possible damage to the equipment. When there is a cluttered floor space it can then become a safety issue. “Yup, heaps of stuff and it ends up everywhere. On a good day gear gets dumped out of boxes or bins so there is room for the fish. New people / non spearo’s make a mess, especially if we are getting in and out of the water. (no appreciation of how tangled float lines get – just drop gear at the back.)” (Tilly, 2011, Survey). If there is more than one diver, which 98% of the time there is,according to the statistics from the survey results (Appendix 2.4) then there is a lot of equipment spread over the craft cluttering the space. Immediately users feel restricted in their movements.

12.2 WATER ENTRY / EXIT

12.1 EQUIPMENT STORAGE

12.0 FINDINGS

Fig.20

Fig.21

Fig.22

Equipment Storage 1

Equipment Storage 2

Water Entry / Exit

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12.0 Performance Issues Pg.18

The shape of currently used watercrafts restricts a diver to rear and side entry and exit. This becomes an issue, as the shape of a boat is somewhat restricted when there is a motor on the back, especially an outboard. This minimises the room for a diver to enter and exit.

Through the research methods carried out, it is found that these are were the most critical performance issues in watercrafts used for spearfishing. These performance issues effect the spearfishing experience, making it difficult, less enjoyable or in somecircumstances unsafe. If these problems can be addressed then a more suitable design solution can be applied.

The spatial layout is restricted to the shape of the boat. This means seating and storage of equipment is designed to suit the shape. This has proven to not be highly functional onvarious watercrafts.

12.3 SHAPE

12.4 SPATIAL LAYOUT

Pg.19 13.0 Environmental Issues

Small marine two stroke outboard engines are high pollutersrelative to their size and usage. They emit carbon monoxide,nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds. This is acontributing factor to ozone smog formation. Four stroke marine engines on the other hand have fewer harmful emotions.

Manufacture of materials that could be used such as PVC,Aluminium, Fibreglass and polyethylene have environmentalimpacts. These will have to be thought of in the final design.

13.1 CARBON FOOTPRINT

13.2 MANUFACTURE

13.0 ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

13.0 Environmental Issues Pg.20

There is no argument that fishing in general, immediately removes fish from the population. However when the method used forfishing has other environmental impacts is when it becomesworrying. Line fishing, trolling, netting, trawling, and dredging leaves pollution, a large carbon footprint, has a high bycatch rate, uses bait, causes habitat damage and is open to any waters. These are commercial and recreational methods of fishing and often lead to over fishing.

Spearfishing on the other hand is perhaps a more sustainable method. It is selective and controlled in a way that there is nobycatch, uses no bait, no hooks, it is restricted to shallow waters and it is the most fuel efficient method of fishing. It is selective in the sense that the fisherman chooses to target a species of fish instead of catching then releasing what’s not wanted,causing harm to the unwanted fish. “While responsible game anglers practice ‘catch and release,’ responsible spearfishermen practice ‘release and catch.’ Spearfishermen ‘release’ all of the fish that swim by that don’t meet their criteria, and ‘catch’ thespecific fish they want.” (Maas, 1995, pg.94)

13.3 FISH POPULATION

USER NEEDS / WANTS14.0

comfortablestores all equipment

dedicated fish bin

reliablesturdy

strong

easy to launch retrieve

easy to clean

handle swells and rough seas

maneuverablestable

easy entry / exit point

accessible to shallow areas

high shoulders

50 + hp (4 stroke- quiet / economic)

floadable deck

gun storage

hidden petrol tanks

scuppers

dry area

dive up to 4 people

WHAT’S NEEDED ON A WATERCRAFT

FOR SPEARFISHING?

Pg.21 14.0 User Needs / Wants

15.0 DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS

1. The design is to address the performance issues outlined on page 17.

2. The design must perform well within the environment and different weather conditions that the environment consists of.

3. The users must feel safe when using the product and be able to rely on it functioning correctly.

4. The product must accommodate to an extent new developments and technologies within the sport.

5. Materials used in the new design will have to withstand the environment and its conditions. 6. Able to be towed with sedans, station wagons and trucks.

15.0 Design Specifications Pg.22

16.0 INITIAL CONCEPTS

16.1 CONCEPT 1

Pg.23 16.0 Initial Concepts

Fig.23

- Complete open rear deck. Allowing it to be flushed easily, easy entry in and out of the water.

- Wings to allow spearfisherman to board and sit on the sides while gearing up.

- Powered by a 50 - 60 hp tiller steer outboard.

- Center seating with storage for spearfishing equipment.

- Speargun holders in the side walls.

- Anchor locker up front.

- High shoulders for larger seas.

- Aluminium or rigid plastic hull.

16.1 CONCEPT 2

16.0 Initial Concepts Pg.24

Fig.24

- Open front to allow spearfishermen to enter and exit easily.

- Possible front folding gate / platform to stop waves breaking over the bow.

- Powered by a 50 - 60 hp tiller steer outboard.

- Side seats for up to 4 divers to gear up and store equipment under them.

- Single rear seat for diver.

- Shape of the boat to direct passengers to the front of the craft.

- Dedicated catch tank under floor with sliding hatch.

- Pontoon sides walls.

- Aluminium or rigid plastic hull and pontoons.

16.1 CONCEPT 3

Pg.25 16.0 Initial Concepts

Fig.25

- Speargun holders down sides.

- Wide stable hull with stabilizers.

- Storage behind seat for spearfishing gear.

- Tie downs for all equipment so nothing gets lost when its tips over.

17.0 APPENDICES

12 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.93 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.54567

SurveySurvey Results (Graph form) - 1 Vehicle used to tow craft - Distance travelled by craft - Time in which spearfishermen dive - Is storage of equipment an issue? - Items taken on a watercraft - Why spearfishermen dive - Are dry areas important on a boat? - Number of divers at one time - Ideal craft for spearfishingObservational Dives - Makara - Mana South - Hen & Chicken Islands - T - Point - Mana NorthInterviewSpatial Ergonomics TestEco FishingSurvey Hard Copies

17.0 Appendices Pg.28

Page2733

41

47495157

SP

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OR

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fill i

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and

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the

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sh

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ount

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epai

d en

velo

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and

send

dire

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to A

ndre

. Tha

nk y

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muc

h. H

ave

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My

nam

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r and

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m

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out t

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w

ill b

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sear

chin

g an

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sign

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a sp

ecia

list

wat

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aft f

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pear

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ng. T

his

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sur

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to g

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know

ledg

e an

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ders

tand

ing

of u

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need

s to

ass

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pro

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. Fill

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out t

his

surv

ey a

llow

s pe

rmis

sion

to th

ere

sear

cher

to u

se th

e in

form

atio

n gi

ven

for

this

pro

ject

.

1. D

o yo

u us

e an

y ot

her p

iece

s of

equ

ipm

ent o

ther

than

;

Mas

k, s

nork

el, w

et s

uit,

fins,

kni

fe, w

eigh

t bel

t, gu

n, fl

oat,

strin

ger,

glob

es, b

ootie

s, c

atch

bag

a

nd m

easu

res.

If s

o w

hat i

s it?

2. H

ow o

ften

do y

ou d

ive?

W

eekl

y

Fortn

ight

ly

Mon

thly

S

easo

nally

O

ther

(Ple

ase

spec

ify)

3. W

hat w

eath

er c

ondi

tions

wou

ld y

ou N

OT

dive

in?

Li

ght w

inds

H

eavy

win

ds

Rai

n

1.5m

sw

ells

O

ther

(Ple

ase

spec

ify)

4. H

ow lo

ng d

oes

it ta

ke to

set

up y

our b

oat o

r wat

ercr

aft?

(Or y

our m

ates

)

0

- 15m

ins

15

min

s - 3

0min

s

30m

ins

- 1 h

our

1

- 2 h

ours

O

ther

(Ple

ase

spec

ify)

5. W

hat d

o yo

u ta

ke o

n a

boat

div

e th

at is

diff

eren

t to

a sh

ore

entry

div

e?

6. W

hat s

afet

y ge

ar d

o yo

u ta

ke o

n a

boat

or w

ater

craf

t?

7. Is

sto

rage

of a

ll eq

uipm

ent a

n is

sue?

If s

o w

hat i

s it

and

why

?

8. W

ould

you

div

e m

ore

at h

igh

or lo

w ti

de?

9. D

o yo

u be

lieve

that

dry

are

as a

re im

porta

nt o

n a

boat

?

Ye

s

N

o

10. I

f so,

prio

ritis

e th

ese

item

s to

put

in d

ry a

reas

. (1

bein

g th

e fir

st)

Fi

rst A

id K

it

Ele

ctro

nics

- C

ell p

hone

s, C

amer

as, m

usic

pla

yers

etc

E

mer

genc

y P

rodu

cts

- Epi

rbs,

Fla

res,

GP

S e

tc

Clo

thin

g an

d To

wel

s

Oth

er (P

leas

e sp

ecify

)

11. W

hat s

ize

boat

or w

ater

craf

t wou

ld y

ou u

se?

(Fee

t or m

etre

s, m

odel

and

mak

e if

know

n)

12. W

hat s

ort o

f dis

tanc

es w

ould

you

trav

el o

n th

e w

ater

to g

et to

a d

ive

loca

tion?

Le

ss th

an 1

km

1-

2 km

2-

5 km

5

- 10

O

ther

(Ple

ase

spec

ify)

13. W

hat i

s an

ave

rage

fuel

con

sum

ptio

n on

you

r boa

t you

wou

ld u

se g

oing

on

a di

ve?

14. W

hat w

ould

you

cha

nge

abou

t you

r cur

rent

boa

t or w

ater

craf

t? (P

leas

e sp

ecify

in d

etai

l)

15. W

hat t

ype

and

mod

el o

f wat

ercr

aft d

o yo

u th

ink

is b

est s

uite

d to

spe

arfis

hing

and

why

?

16. W

hat t

ype

of v

ehic

le d

o yo

u ha

ve fo

r tow

ing

your

boa

t/wat

ercr

aft?

4x

4 Tr

uck

or U

te

Van

S

edan

S

tatio

n W

agon

Oth

er (P

leas

e sp

ecify

)

17. W

hat t

ime

wou

ld y

ou u

sual

ly g

o fo

r a d

ive?

6:

00am

- 10

:00a

m (M

orni

ng)

10

:00a

m -

2:00

pm (L

unch

)

2:00

pm -

6:00

pm

(Afte

rnoo

n)

6:00

pm -

10:0

0pm

(Eve

ning

)

Oth

er (P

leas

e sp

ecify

)

18. W

hat i

s yo

ur b

igge

st in

vest

men

ts in

the

spor

t con

cern

ing

the

follo

win

g?

Tim

e

Mon

ey

Ded

icat

ion

O

ther

(Ple

ase

spec

ify)

19. H

ow m

any

peop

le d

o yo

u us

ually

div

e w

ith?

N

o on

e el

se

1

2

3

Oth

er (P

leas

e sp

ecify

)

20. T

he te

rm E

co F

ishi

ng…

Yo

u ha

ve n

ever

hea

rd o

f

You

have

hea

rd o

f onc

e

You

have

use

d th

is te

rm

You

use

this

term

regu

larly

O

ther

(Ple

ase

spec

ify)

21. H

ow d

o yo

u as

a s

pear

o, lo

ok a

fter t

he m

arin

e en

viro

nmen

t?

22. W

hat a

dvic

e w

ould

you

giv

e to

a n

ew s

pear

o?

23. W

hat m

akes

a s

ucce

ssfu

l div

e? (F

ish

for d

inne

r, en

joym

ent,

plea

sure

etc

)

24. W

hat a

ttrac

ts y

ou to

the

expe

rienc

e of

bei

ng u

nder

wat

er a

nd h

untin

g?

If you

wou

ld lik

e to l

eave

your

name

and c

ontac

t deta

ils fo

r fur

ther r

esea

rch pl

ease

do so

.

Than

k you

for y

our t

ime.

Andr

e Hell

erRe

sear

ch S

tuden

t, Bac

helor

Indu

strial

Des

ign (H

onou

rs)Ma

ssey

Univ

ersit

yan

dre_

helle

r_89

@ms

n.com

027 6

358 5

42

25. M

ost i

mpo

rtant

ly w

hat d

o Y

OU

get

out

of s

pear

fishi

ng?

How

do

you

feel

afte

r a d

ive?

26. W

here

hav

e yo

u di

ved

befo

re?

(eg.

Wgt

n S

outh

Coa

st, H

en a

nd C

hick

s, D

’urv

ille

Isla

nd e

tc)

And

re H

elle

r

% o

f Spe

arfis

herm

en

4WD Truck / Ute

50 %

60 %

40 %

30 %

10 %

20 %

Station Wagon OtherSedanVan

Vehicle used to tow craft

58 %

VEHICLE USED TO TOW CRAFT2.1

Pg.35 2.0 Survey Results

% of Spearfishermen

< 1 km

60 %

50 %

40 %

30 %

10 %

20 %

5-10 km

Up to 30 km

Up to 100 km

Up to 50 km

Other1-2 km 2-5 km

Distance Travelled

Oth

er

31 %

52 %40 %20 % 30 %

DISTANCE TRAVELLED BY CRAFT2.2

2.0 Survey Results Pg.36

% o

f Spe

arfis

herm

en

% of Spearfishermen

6am - 10am

60 %

50 %

40 %

30 %

10 %

20 %

6pm - 10pm

Anytime

Tide Dependant

All Day

Other10am - 2pm 2pm - 6pm

Time of day Spearfishermen dive

Oth

er

40 %

52 %60 %20 % 40 %

TIME IN WHICH SPEARFISHERMEN DIVE2.3


“Yes. Once getting out of the water gear ends up all over the boat. If there were places on the boat designed to store the gear it would make it much easier. Things like guns and fins are big and don’t store well on a small boat. A gun holder & compartments for fins would be beneficial. Gear needs to be stored securely to prevent it being lost.” (Anonymous 1, 2011, Survey)

“Yes and no, you work with the boat you are in. Everything finds a space, being able to customise would help.” (Lean, 2011, Survey)

“Small crafts have limited storage, which would be great to improve.”(Kramer, 2011, Survey)

“Yes, I can imagine ensuring all contents on board has their appropriate place to be stored would make entering the water times easier, safer and more fun.”(Jarvie, 2011, Survey)

“Yup. Heaps of stuff and it ends up everywhere! On a good day gear gets dumped out of bins so there is room for the fish. New people / non spearo’s make a mess,especially if we are getting in and out of the water. No appreciation of how tangled float lines get - just drop gear at the back. (Tilly, 2011, Survey)

“A place to stow my guns that makes them easily accessible is difficult.”(Anonymous 2, 2011, Survey)

WHY?

Is storage of equipment an issue?

SOMETIMES YESNO

71 %

24 %

5 %

IS STORAGE OF EQUIPMENT AN ISSUE?2.4


beers

food

drink

chilli bin / ice

life jacket

mask

snorkel

fins

knife

wet suit

mermaid line spear-guns

drop weights

safety equipment

bootiesgloves

flag

float

catch bag

weight belt

clothingnavigational equipment

dive flag

spare equipment

extra guns

cray-potburly

sounder

GPS

duct tape

icky knife

epirb

cell phone

reel-gun

sunnies

VHF

filleting knife

dynemma

flares

wallet

filleting board

anchor

camera

fuel

flasher

dive bag

oars

WHAT SPEARFISHERMEN NEED

TO TAKE ON A WATERCRAFT

ITEMS TAKEN ON A WATERCRAFT2.5


WHY SPEARFISHERMEN DIVE2.6


WHAT MAKES A SUCCESSFUL DIVE?

WHAT ATTRACTS SPEARFISHERMEN TO THE

EXPERIENCE OF BEING UNDERWATER AND HUNTING?

WHAT DO THEY GET OUT OF SPEARFISHING?

HOW DO THE FEEL AFTER A DIVE? food

fitness

good water temperature plenty of marine life

challenge

different world

natural environment

satisfied

tired

fun

relaxing

peace

good visibility

few beers after

enjoyment

nice boating conditions

knowledge

indescribable

happy

achievementprimal

different environment

joy of the hunt

fresh fish

extatic

refreshed

rare meal

variety of fish

freedom

great day on the water

exercise

being safe

new dive spots

learning how to read the ocean and weather

risk

selective fishing stealth hunting

pleasure

mates

good stories

being alone

pure escapism

amazing

time out

unique

cleared lungs

outside your element

solitude

getting in the water

trophy fish

competing exploring

personal achievement

“no one asks me questions down there”

fish for dinner

Emergency Products - (Epirbs, GPS, flares) were most important to keep dry with 67% of spearo’s voting this as there first choice to put in dry storage.

Electronics - (Cell phones, cameras, music players) were secondly most important to keep dry with 36% of spearo’s voting it

First Aid Kit - the third important item to keep dry with 40% of spearo’svoting it 3rd.

Clothing and Towels - the least important item to keep dry with 55% of spearo’s voting it 4th.

PRIORITY OF ITEMS IN DRY AREAS:

The results showed that 64% of spearo’s dive with up to 2 others.

AVERAGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE DIVING

85%

15%

YES

NO

32%

32%17%

17%

2%

1

2

3

Other

No one else

2.7 ARE DRY AREAS IMPORTANT ON A BOAT? NUMBER OF DIVERS AT ONE TIME2.7 2.8


IDEAL CRAFT FOR SPEARFISHING2.9


Voted least popular

Voted most popular

Fibreglass Fishing

RIB

AluminiumFishing

AluminiumPanga

Thundercat

Wingman

Plastic Pontoon

Jet Ski

Kayak

Fig.26

Fig.27

Fig.29

Fig.28

Fig.30

Fig.31

Fig.32

Fig.33

Fig.34

3.0 OBSERVATIONAL DIVES

Pg.43 3.0 Observational Dives

T-Point

Hen & Chicken Islands

Makara

Mana

Observational dives took place at these locations withinNew Zealand to gauge the different environments and conditions spearfishermen are in. Observation of the spearfishingexperience help to identify the user needs. This also provided good understanding of the spearfishing process.

Fig.35

3.1 MAKARA

DateLocation

WithWeather Conditions

VisibilityTemperature

WatercraftEngineSpecs

Towing Vehicle

Fish Captured

Sighted Species

Tuesday 8th April 2011Makara - Cheese & Onion Rock, Sunken RockBen TillyFlat calm, no wind or swell.5m20° Average3.6 MacYamaha 20 hp 4 stroke tiller steerRocket launchers, 2 panel + seatsToyota Hilux Surf, 4 wheel drive manual.Blue Moki, Butter Fish, Mussels, Paua, Red LobsterAs above.

- Boat was too small for 2 divers and a lot of equipment.

- Floor was cluttered with gear.

- Tide went out so had to drag boat up river mouth to launch ramp.

Problems that arose:

3.0 Observational Dives Pg.44

Fig.36Makara Observation Dive Image Matrix

And

re H

elle

r (20

11)

3.2 MANA SOUTH

DateLocation

WithDive Time

Weather Conditions

VisibilityTempreature


Towing Vehicle

Fish CapturedSighted Species

Sunday 10th April 2011Mana SouthConour Paul, Brendan PaulApprox 3.5 hoursSoft northerly, rising towards middaySwells developed to 0.5m3-4m at good times14.5° AverageKiwi Craft 590 SportMercury 115hp 4 stroke outboardAluminium Pontoon, 775kg’s, & adults max, 2 front seats, sliding plank rear seat, Cabin, GPS, VHF2004 Izuzu Bighorn, 4 wheel drive, petrol 3000cc V6.Butterfish, Kahawai, Rock LobsterBlue Cod, Blue Moki, Butterfish,Kahawai, Paua, Red Moki,Rock Cod, Rock Lobster, Sting Ray

- Gear cluttered the deck.

- Guns lying on the ground.

- Float lines tangled in boat.

- Weather changed quickly, short trip hope became a long and bumpy trip home.

- A fish was dropped over the side when gutting / bleeding it.

- Difficult for two divers to gear up at same time.

- Needed a bigger landing to get into boat.

- Only one entry / exit point.



Fig.37Mana South Observation Dive Image Matrix

And

re H

elle

r (20

11)

3.3 HEN & CHICKEN ISLANDS

DateLocation

WithDive Time

Weather Conditions

VisibilityTempreature


Towing Vehicle

Fish Captured

Sighted Species

Thursday 14th April 2011Hen & Chicken IslandsGeorge Napa, Ben TillyApprox 6 hoursLight south easterly winds, 1m swell.Up to 7/8m20.5° AverageMcLay fisherman 6mYamaha 115hp 4 stroke outboardBuilt in fuel tank, cabin, canopy, rocket launchers, 25hp auxiliaryoutboard, dedicated catch bin.1996 Subaru Legacy Automatic2 wheel driveBlue Mau Mau, Kahawai, Kingfish, Koheru, Leather Jacket, Porae, Snapper, Trevelly.Butterfish, Demizal, Flying fish,Giant Boarfish, Porkypine fish, Red Moki, Silver Drummer, Sting Ray

- Float lines tangled every time divers entered the boat. (Became big problem as we were constantly in and out of the water.

- No one on board to hand guns too, with high sides, this made it rather hard to climb in.

- No substantial platform to get in and out of boat.

- Ladder was broken and in the way



Fig.38Hen & Chicken Islands Observation Dive Image Matrix

And

re H

elle

r (20

11)

3.4 T- POINT

DateLocation

WithDive Time

Weather ConditionsVisibility

TemperatureWatercraft

EngineSpecs

Towing Vehicle

Fish CapturedSighted Species

Sunday 17th April 2011T-PointNick Hobson, Ollie Van Royen3.5 hoursLight winds, nill chop4m green water fading to 3m21.5° AverageNone - travelled by foot--1996 Subaru Legacy Automatic2 wheel driveKahawai, KoeruBlue Mau Mau, Kingfish, Red Lobster, Silver Drummer,Snapper, Sting Ray

- No watercraft for transport to dive location.

- 10min walk was actually 30min trek.

- Path had been ruined by landslides.

- No boat to put fish in. Had to drop fish back on shore.

- Little in terms of fish.



Fig.39T-Point Observation Dive Image Matrix

And

re H

elle

r (20

11)

3.5 MANA NORTH

DateLocation

WithDive Time

Weather Conditions

VisibilityTemperature

WatercraftEngine

SpecsTowing VehicleFish Captured

Sighted Species

Sunday 1st May 2011Mana NorthKane Armstrong, Gavin Faulk1.5 hoursSouth easterly light winds, laterprogressed to moderate winds, .5m swell.5m14° Average3.6m MacMercury 20hp 2 stroke tiler steer outnoard.Max 3 personFord ExplorerNoneBlue Cod, Paua, Red Moki,Sting Ray

- Boat was too small for 1 diver and 2 fishermen.

- Very bumpy and very uncomfortable on the way home.

- Only one bench seat.

- Very hard to start 2 stroke engine after sitting for 6 months.

- Was not easy to see trailer when backing trailer to boat upon the retrieval.



Fig.40

And

re H

elle

r (20

11)

Mana North Observation Dive Image Matrix

4.0 INTERVIEW

Pg.49 4.0 Interview

- One entry / exit point is sufficient. - Travelling 1-2 hours by car is standard.- Does both shore and boat dives.- Prefers boat dives due to accessibility.- Exit boat over the sides, enter the boat from the rear.

Nick Hobson31Industrial designer - Fisher&Paykel HealthcareNone4 yearsUK - Orkney, Bognor RegisUSA - Catalina Island, CaliforniaNZ - Hen & Chicken Islands,Coromanel, Bay of IslandsRibs, Kayaks, Aliminium - 4.5m - 7.5m30ft Yacht.5

Name:Age:

Occupation:

Boat:Spearfishing Experience:

Dive Locations:

Watercrafts Used

Max divers in a boat

This is factual information.

Nick’s thoughts and observations

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Nick Hobson

- Towable by a station wagon or car.

- Durable hull - Aluminium maybe?

- Pontoons - Due to safety benefit.

- Engine to be North of 70 hp

- Drive like a car. (Easy and comfortable)

- Centre console steering for better field of vision.

- Open deck (Very open)

- Flexible to use for other activities other than spearfishing.

Nicks Watercraft Criteria

4.0 Interview Pg.50

5.0 SPATIAL ERGONOMICS TEST

Pg.51 5.0 Spacial Erognomics Test

Concept 2 was sketch on a large section of pavement with blue chalk.

6 people, 2 of which are divers and 4 are not were asked to use the space as the would to put their equipment on.

Including using the space, they entered and exited the craft where they felt was the eaisest and best spot.

The driver was asked to steer the watercraft with an outboard tiler steer engine.

Next the 6 were asked to make changes with yellow, red and green chalk.

Outcomes:

- Seat height at least 400mm.

- Seats are too close together.

- Need a larger area for gearing up. (Extra 500mm wider)

- Swivell seat at the back maybe?

- Handles a front.

11.3 COMFORT

Fig.19

Fig.19Spatial Ergonomics Test 1

Spatial Ergonomics Test 2

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5.0 Spacial Erognomics Test Pg.52

- Drink holders

- Foot recess infront of drivers seat.

- Slidding door into catch bin.

- A place for life jackets and oars.

- Fish bin towards back more.

- Fold away bow / fold down bow.

- Winch for float line feed.

The final outcome after 40 minutes of interaction, discussion and feedback. This test proved very useful to gather different ideas for this concept.

Fig.19Spatial Ergonomics Test 3

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18.0 FIGURES

Analysis of Research Methods to Research Objectives. (Heller, A. 2011)Spearfishing Watercraft Design Survey. (Heller, A. 2011)Interview with Nick Hobson. (Heller, A. 2011)Observational Dive with Conour Paul. (Heller, A. 2011)Ergonomics Test. (Heller, A. 2011)Collaboration with Experts. (Heller, A. 2011)Analysis of Current Products. (Heller, A. 2011)Persona of George Napa. (Heller, A. 2011)Persona. Retrieved April 5, 2011 from http://www.flickr.com/photos/78472883@N00/4987221026/Spearfishing Process Image Matrix. (Heller, A. 2011)Blackouts. (Heller, A. 2011)Rocky Coast. (Heller, A. 2011)Marine Life. (Heller, A. 2011)Weather Conditions. (Heller, A. 2011)Underwater. Retrieved April 5, 2011 from http://www.flickr.com/photos/olivierherrera/2271862844/Marine Life. Retrieved April 5, 2011 from http://www.flickr.com/photos/sucinimad/3996684789/Comraderie. Retrieved April 5, 2011 from http://www.flickr.com/photos/cadizpescasub/4432047649/ Social Aspect. Retrieved May 6, 2011 from http://www.hd-wallpapers.com/standard/brands-ads/beer/heineken-bottleGutting Fish. (Heller, A. 2011)Trophy Fish. (Heller, A. 2011)Equipment Storage 1. (Heller, A. 2011)Equipment Storage 2. (Heller, A. 2011)Water Entry / Exit. (Heller, A. 2011)Concept 1. (Heller, A. 2011)Concept 2. (Heller, A. 2011)Concept 3. (Heller, A. 2011)Jet Ski. Retrieved March 10, 2011 from http://www.oceanhunter.co.nz/EDUCATION/Articles/Jet+Kings.htmlWingman. Retrieved March 10, 2011 from http://www.trademe.co.nz/Trade-Me-Motors/Boats-marine/Motorboats/auction-374889210Kayak. Retrieved March 10, 2011 from http://www.flickr.com/photos/9462430@N02/871235044/Fibreglass Fishing. Retrieved March 10, 2011 from http://www.nupol.com.au/?q=node/46Aluminium Fishing. Retrieved March 10, 2011 from http://www.stabi-craft.co.nz/Product.aspx?id=859SCWEEKENDER

Fig.1Fig.2Fig.3Fig.4

Fig 4.5Fig.5Fig.6Fig.7Fig.8Fig.9

Fig.10Fig.11Fig.12Fig.13Fig.14Fig.15Fig.16Fig.17Fig.18Fig.19Fig.20Fig.21Fig.22Fig.23Fig.24Fig.25Fig.26Fig.27Fig.28Fig.29Fig.30

Pg.53 5.0 Spacial Erognomics Test

Fig.31Fig.32Fig.33Fig.34Fig.35Fig.36Fig.37Fig.38Fig.39Fig.40Fig.41

Plastic Pontoon. (Heller, A. 2011)RIB. Retrieved March 10, 2011 from http://www.oceanhunter.co.nz/EDUCATION/Spearfishing/Types+of+Spearfishing.htmlThundercat. Retrieved March 10, 2011 from http://www.blackdogcat.co.nz/Aluminium Panga. Retrieved March 10, 2011 from http://www.apnea.co.nz/main.htmlObservation Dive Locations. (Heller, A. 2011)Makara Observation Dive Image Matrix. (Heller, A. 2011)Mana Observation Dive Image Matrix. (Heller, A. 2011)Hen & Chicken Island Observation Dive Image Matrix. (Heller, A. 2011)T-Point Dive Observation Dive Image Matrix. (Heller, A. 2011)Mana North Observation Dive Image Matrix. (Heller, A. 2011)Nick Hobson. (Heller, A. 2011)

5.0 Spacial Erognomics Test Pg.54

19.0 REFERENCE LIST

Bakker, R. (2011, Febuary). Spearfishing with thunder. New Zealand Spearo, pg 31.

Mass, T. (1995). BlueWater Hunting and Freediving. California: BlueWater Freedivers.

Shields, D. (2007). Chase the Adventure. Auckland: The Halcyon Press.

Anonymous, 1. (2011, April). Spearfishing Watercraft Design Survey.

Anonymous, 2. (2011, April). Spearfishing Watercraft Design Survey.

Hobson, N. (2011, April). Spearfishing Watercraft Design Survey.

Kramer, S. (2011, April). Spearfishing Watercraft Design Survey.

Lean, A. (2011, April). Spearfishing Watercraft Design Survey.

Tilly, B. (2011, April). Spearfishing Watercraft Design Survey.

Pg.55 19.0 Reference List

Surveys Sources:

Documents

Spearfishing Watercraft Research Report