SPEAKING ABILITY

OF THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA 1 GEBOG

TAUGHT BY USING INFORMATION GAP TECHNIQUE

IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2013/2014

By

Andhika Sahara

2010-32-193

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY

2014

SPEAKING ABILITY

OF THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA 1 GEBOG

TAUGHT BY USING INFORMATION GAP TECHNIQUE

IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2013/2014

SKRIPSI

Presented to the Muria Kudus University

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the Sarjana Program

In English Education

By

Andhika Sahara

NIM 201032193

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTEMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY

2014

iv

MOTTO AND DEDICATION

MOTTO:

A beautiful process is part of life

Just trust Allah will give an appropriate we need, not we want

Always thanks Allah whatever happned

This final project is dedicated to:

The writer’s beloved father and mother

The writer’s beloved brothers and sister

The writer’s beloved friends

v

vi

vii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Alhamdulillahirrobbil’alamin. There will never be another greatest thank

except to Allah SWT, the Almighty for the remarkable blessing and mercy to me, so

that this skripsi entitled “The Speaking Ability of the Tenth Grade Students of SMA 1

Gebog Taught by Using Information Gap Technique in Academic Year 2013/2014” is

able to be accomplished.

This skripsi is not merely the writer’s own work because of having been

greatly improved by some great people around her who suggested and guided her by

giving comments and advises to make it better. One point is this skripsi is arranged to

fulfill the one or requirements for completing the sarjana program. Therefore I would

like to express her great gratitude to the:

1. Dr. SlametUtomo, M.Pd., the Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty

and also the second advisor who is very helpful in giving corrections and

suggestions in arranging this skripsi.

2. DiahKurniati, S.Pd, M.Pd, the Head of English Education Department.

3. Dra. Sri Endang Kusmaryati, Mpd, the first advisor who is willing to spend a lot

of time to guide some advises to make this skripsi.

4. Supriyono, S.Pd., M.Pd as headmaster and Artisha Pratiwi Umi Dewi, S.Pd., as a

teacher of SMA 1 Gebog who has given permission and opportunity to the writer

by doing the research

5. All of the English lecturers of English Education Department of Teacher Training

and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University.

6. The writer’s beloved father and mother thank you for the way you have been

caring her with your love and affection.

7. The writer’s beloved brother and sisters.

8. All the writer’s beloved friends who always help and support her.

9. Her civitas, Muria Kudus University which have been the institute of her study.

viii

The writer always waits critics and suggestion from the readers which will be

fully appreciated. The writer do expects that this research will be useful for those,

especially who are in the field of education.

Last but not least, thanks for everyone who involved finishing making this skripsi

better.

Kudus, April 2014

Andhika Sahara

ix

ABSTRACT

Sahara, Andhika. 2014. Speaking Ability of the Tenth Grade Students of SMA 1 Gebog

Taught by Using Information Gap Technique in the Acadeic Year

2013/2014.Skripsi.English Education Department, Teacher Training and

Education Faculty, Muria Kudus University. Advisors: (1) Dra. Sri Endang

Kusmaryati, Mpd. ,(2) Dr. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd.

Key words: Speaking Ability and Information Gap Technique

Teaching speaking should achieve the goal of curriculum, which is mastering

spoken and written English language in daily life. Speaking is a skill in producing oral

language which occurs when two or more people interact with each other aiming at

maintaining social relationship between them. Some of the tenth grade students in

SMA 1 Gebog are not brave enough to speak up. They are not confident themselves

and afraid of making mistake to speak English in front of the class. The speaking

ability of students is not being achieved yet. It is proved by the percentage of students;

only 35 % of students get high score and 65 % gets score under passing grade (KKM),

it is 75 in English and speaking. The writer assumes that using good technique can

solve the problem. One of the techniques that can be used in teaching speaking is

information gap technique. Because this technique is used to force them speak English

for getting information.

The purpose of the writer is to find out: (1) To find out the speaking ability of

the tenth grade students of SMA 1 Gebog before being taught by using information

gap technique in academic year 2013/2014. (2) To find out the speaking ability of the

tenth grade students of SMA 1 Gebog in after being taught by using information gap

technique the academic year 2013/2014. (3) To describe if there is a significant

difference between the speaking ability of the tenth grade students of SMA 1 Gebog

before and after being taught by using information gap technique in academic year

2013/2014. In this research the writer uses quasi experimental research design. There are

two variables; Information Gap Technique as independent variable and the speaking

ability of the tenth grade students of SMA 1 Gebog in academic year 2013/2014 as

dependent variable. The writer determines tenth grade students of SMA 1 Gebog in

academic year 2013/2014 as the population. The writer takes samples in X7 as class of

experiment.

After conducting the treatment of the speaking ability of the tenth grade students

of SMA 1 Gebog taught by using Information Gap Technique in the academic

year2013/2014, The result of the experiment can be seen that the calculation of t-test,

with the level of significance 5%, the Degree of Freedom (Df) is 31, and t-table (tt)

2.042, the t- obtained (to) 4.87. In the other words, t-obtained is higher than t-table.

The speaking ability of the tenth grade students of SMA 1 Gebog after being taught by

using Information Gap Technique in the academic year2013/2014 is “good”. It is

showed by the mean is 75.2 and the standard deviation is 5.5. It is higher than the

mean of the speaking ability of the tenth grade students of SMA 1 Gebog before being

taught by using Information Gap Technique in academic year 2013/2014 which the

x

mean 69 and standard deviation is 6.25. It is categorized as “sufficient”. It means that

the Null Hypothesis (H0) is rejected and the Alternative Hypothesis (Ha) is confirmed.

Based on the research result above, the writer concludes that Information Gap

Technique is effective to be used in teaching sepaking of the tenth grade students of

SMA 1 Gebog in academic year 2013/2014. For the teacher and the other researcher,

Information Gap Technique can be useful as the reference for further research and

teaching learning especially in teaching speaking.

xi

ABSTRAKSI

Sahara, Andhika. 2014. Kemampuan Berbicara Siswa Kelas X SMA 1 Gebog Diajar

Menggunakan Teknik Information Gap Tahun Ajaran

2013/2014.Skripsi.Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu

Pendidikan, Universitas Muria Kudus. Penguji: (1) Dra. Sri Endang

Kusmaryati, Mpd. ,(2) Dr. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd.

Kata Kunci: Kemampuan berbicara dan Teknik Information Gap

Pengajaran berbicara harus mencapai tujuan kurikulum, yang meliputi

penguasaan Bahasa Inggris secara lisan sehari – hari. Berbicara adalah suatu

kemampuan untuk menghasilkan bahasa lisan yang terjadi ketika dua orang atau lebih

saling berinteraksi untuk mempertahankan hubungan diantara mereka. Beberapa siswa

kelas X SMA 1 Gebog kurang begitu berani untuk berbicara Bahas Inggris. Mereka

tidak percaya diri dan takut jika membuat kesalaha dalam berbicara di depan kelas

menggunakan Bahasa Inggris. Kemampuan berbicara oleh siswa belum tercapai. Hal

ini bisa dilihat dari prosentase hasil belajar siswa, hanya 35% siswa yang memperoleh

nilai tinggi dan 65% siswa memperoleh nilai di bawah KKM dalam berbicara. Penulis

berasumsi bahwa meggunakan tenik yang bagus dapat menyelesaikan masalah

tersebut. Salah satu teknik yang dapt digunakan untuk menghadapi masalah tersebut

adalah teknik information gap. Ini karena teknik tersebut digunakan untuk memicu

siswa berbicara bahasa Inggris untuk memperoleh informasi.

Tujuan dari penulis ialah: (1) Untuk menemukan kemampuan berbicara siswa

kelas X SMA 1 Gebog sebelum diajar menggunakan teknik information gap tahun

ajaran 2013/2014. (2) Untuk menemukan kemampuan berbicara siswa kelas X SMA 1

Gebog setelah diajar menggunakan teknik information gap tahun ajaran 2013/2014.

(3) Untuk menjelaskan kemampuan berbicara siswa kelas X SMA 1 Gebog sebelum

dan setelah diajar menggunakan teknik information gap tahun ajaran 2013/2014.

Dlam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan design penelitian quasi experimental.

Terdapat dua variable; Teknik Information Gap sebagai variabel bebas dan

kemampuan berbicara siswa kelas X SMA 1 Gebog tahun jaran 2013/2014 sebagai

variabel terikat. Penulis menentukan siswa kelas X SMA 1 Gebog tahun ajaran

2013/2014 sebagai populasi. Penulis menggambil kelas X7 sebagai sample penelitian.

Setelah selesai melakukan pengajaran dalam kemampuan berbicara dari siswa

kelas X SMA 1 Gebog menggunakan teknik information gap tahun ajaran

2013/21014, hasil dari penelitian dapat dilihat dalam perhitungan t-test dengan tingkat

keabsahan 5%, degree of freedom (Df) 31, t-tatble 2,042, dan t-obtained (t0) 4,87.

Dengan kata lain t-obtained lebih besar daripada t-table. Kemampuan berbicara siswa

kelas X SMA 1 Gebog setelah diajar menggunakan teknik information gap tahun jaara

2013/2014 dikategorikan bagus. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh rata – rata yaitu 75,2 dan

dengan standar deviasi 5,5. Data tersebut lebih tinggi dari rata – rata kemampuan

berbicara siswa kelas X SMA 1 Gebog sebelum diajar menggunakan teknik

infrmation gap tahun jaran 2013/2104 yaitu 69 dan standar deviasi 6,25. Dan hasil

tersebut dikategorikan cukup. Dari data diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa hipotesis nol

ditoalk dan hipotesis pilihan diterima.

xii

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diatas, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa teknik

information gap efektif untuk digunakan dalam pengajaran berbicara siswa kelas X

SMA 1 Gebog tahun ajaran 2013/2104. Bagi guru dan peneliti lainnya, teknik

information gap dapat digunakan sebagai referensi penelitian selanjutnya khususnya

dalam pengajaran berbicara.

xiii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

COVER ............................................................................................................. i

LOGO ................................................................................................................ ii

TITLE ............................................................................................................... iii

MOTTO AND DEDICATION ....................................................................... iv

ADVISORS’ APPROVAL .............................................................................. v

EXAMINER’S APPROVAL .......................................................................... vi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................... vii

ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................... viii

ABSTRAKSI .................................................................................................... x

TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................ xii

LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................... xv

LIST OF FIGURES ......................................................................................... xvii

LIST OF APPENDICES ................................................................................. xvii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Research ..................................................................... 1

1.2 Statement of the Problem .......................................................................... 4

1.3 Objectives of the Research ....................................................................... 5

1.4 Significance of the Research ..................................................................... 5

1.5 Scope of the Research ............................................................................... 6

1.6 Operational Definition .............................................................................. 6

CHAPTER II REVIEW TO RELATED LITERATURE AND HYPHOTHESIS

2.1.1 Teaching English in SMA 1 Gebog ......................................................... 8

2.1.2 Curriculum and Purpose of Teaching English in SMA 1 Gebog .............. 9

2.1.3 Material and Technique of Teaching English in SMA 1 Gebog............... 10

2.2 Speaking as One of Language Skills in Teaching English ....................... 11

2.3 Technique in Teaching ............................................................................ 15

xiv

2.3.1 Concept of Information Gap Technique ................................................... 16

2.3.2 The Advantages and Disadvantages of Information Gap Technique ....... 17

2.3.3 The Implementation of Information Gap Technique in Teaching Speaking

...................................................................................... ............................ 19

2.4 Reviews of Previous Research ................................................................. 21

2.5 Theoretical Framework............................................................................. 23

2.6 Hypothesis ................................................................................................ 25

CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH

3.1 Design of the Research ............................................................................. 26

3.2 Population and Sample ............................................................................. 27

3.3 Research Instrument ................................................................................ 29

3.4 Data Collection ......................................................................................... 32

3.5 Data Analysis ............................................................................................ 32

CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH

4.1 Finding of The Research........................................................................... 36

4.1.1 The Speaking Ability of the Tenth Grade Students of SMA 1 Gebog

before being Taught by Using Information Gap Technique in academic

year 2013/2014 ......................................................................................... 36

4.1.2 The Speaking Ability of the Tenth Grade Students of SMA 1 Gebog

after being Taught by Using Information Gap Technique in academic

year 2013/2014 ......................................................................................... 39

4.2 Hypothesis Testing ................................................................................... 41

CHAPTER V DISCUSSION

5.1 The Speaking Ability of the Tenth Grade Students of SMA 1 Gebog

before being Taught by using Information Gap Technique in academic

year 2013/2014 .......................................................................................... 42

5.2 The Speaking Ability of the Tenth Grade Students of SMA 1 Gebog after

being Taught by using Information Gap Technique in academic year

2013/2014 ................................................................................................. 44

xv

5.3 The Significant Difference of Speaking Ability of the Tenth Grade

Students of SMA 1 Gebog before and after being Taught by using

Information Gap Technique in academic year 2013/2014 ........................ 46

CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

6.1 Conclusion ................................................................................................ 48

6.2 Suggestion ................................................................................................. 49

BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................ 50

APPENDICES .................................................................................................. 52

STATEMENT

CURICULUM VITAE

DOCUMENTATION

xvi

LIST OF TABLE

Table Page

3.1 Data of the Number of the Students of SMA 1 Gebog 2013/2014 ....... 28

3.2 Scoring Scale of Speaking Ability.......................................................... 30

3.3 Range of the Score .................................................................................. 31

3.4 The Criteria of The Reading Comprehension of Eighth Grade Students

in academic year 2013/2014 ................................................................... 32

4.1 The Speaking Ability of the tenth Grade Students of SMA 1 Gebog

before being Taught by Using Information Gap Technique in academic

year 2013/2014 ....................................................................................... 37

4.2 Frequency Distribution of Speaking Ability of the tenth Grade

Students of SMA 1 Gebog before being Taught by Using Information

Gap Technique in academic year 2013/2014 ......................................... 38

4.3 The Speaking Ability of the tenth Grade Students of SMA 1 Gebog

after being Taught by Using Information Gap Technique in academic

year 2013/2014 ....................................................................................... 39

4.4 Frequency Distribution of Speaking Ability of the tenth Grade

Students of SMA 1 Gebog after being Taught by Using Information

Gap Technique in academic year 2013/2014 ......................................... 40

4.5 The Summary of the Speaking Ability of the Tenth Grade Students of

SMA 1 Gebog befor and after being Taught by Using Information Gap

Technique in academic year 2013/2014.................................................. 42

xvii

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Page

2.1 Theoretical Framework of the Research ................................................. 25

4.1 The Pie Diagram of Speaking Ability of the tenth Grade Students of

SMA 1 Gebog before being Taught by Using Information Gap

Technique in academic year 2013/2014 ................................................. 38

4.2 The Pie Diagram of Speaking Ability of the tenth Grade Students of

SMA 1 Gebog after being Taught by Using Information Gap

Technique in academic year 2013/2014 ................................................. 41

xviii

LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix Page

1. The Syllabus of Tenth Grade Students of SMA 1 Gebog in academic

year 2013/2014 ............................................................................................. 52

2. Lesson Plan of Teaching by Information Gap Technique ........................... 63

3. Instrument of Test ....................................................................................... 80

4. Score the of Speaking Ability of the tenth Grade Students of SMA 1

Gebog before being Taught by Using Information Gap Technique in

academic year 2013/2014 ............................................................................ 83

5. The Calculation of Mean, median, mode and Standard Deviation of

Speaking Ability of the tenth Grade Students of SMA 1 Gebog before

being Taught by Using Information Gap Technique in academic year

2013/2014 .................................................................................................... 84

6. Score the of Speaking Ability of the tenth Grade Students of SMA 1

Gebog after being Taught by Using Information Gap Technique in

academic year 2013/2014............................................................................. 86

7. The Calculation of Mean, median, mode and Standard Deviation of

Speaking Ability of the tenth Grade Students of SMA 1 Gebog after

being Taught by Using Information Gap Technique in academic year

2013/2014 .................................................................................................... 88

8. T-test Calculation of Pre-test and Post-test of the Tenth Grade Students

of SMA 1 Gebog .......................................................................................... 90

9. The Calculation of t-test of Speaking Ability of the Tenth Grade Students

of SMA 1 Gebog taught bu Using Information Gap Technique in

academic year 2013/2014............................................................................. 91

10. Critical Value of t-table ............................................................................... 93