Spanish InquisitionSpanish Inquisition

Islamic InvasionsIslamic Invasions

711 – Islam’s 711 – Islam’s invade Iberian invade Iberian PeninsulaPeninsula

Known as the Known as the Moors.Moors.

The Reconquest The Reconquest Begins in SpainBegins in Spain

732 AD Battle of 732 AD Battle of ToursTours

Al Andalus Al Andalus

Medieval Inquisition 10Medieval Inquisition 10thth CenturyCentury

Cathars – Southern Cathars – Southern Gaul (2 gods)Gaul (2 gods)

Purgatory is Purgatory is formed formed

Selling of Selling of IndulgencesIndulgences

ConversionsConversions

A Jew that converts to Christianity A Jew that converts to Christianity was known as a was known as a ConversoConverso

A Moor who converts to Christianity A Moor who converts to Christianity was known as a was known as a MoriscoMorisco

Jews, Moors & ChristiansJews, Moors & Christians

Jews protected by kingJews protected by king– Tax FarmersTax Farmers– LoansLoans

Moriscos live away from Christians (mainly in the Moriscos live away from Christians (mainly in the South in Grenada)South in Grenada)

Christians dominate Spain (Laws)Christians dominate Spain (Laws)

ConvivenciaConvivencia

Pogroms of 1391Pogroms of 1391

Fernan Martinez Fernan Martinez

Mass Conversions to Christianity Mass Conversions to Christianity (20,000 Jews)(20,000 Jews)

Jews become a race and no longer just Jews become a race and no longer just a religiona religion

Limpieza de Sangre (Blood Limpieza de Sangre (Blood Purity)Purity)

Before the Pogroms of 1391, Jew is Before the Pogroms of 1391, Jew is part of a religionpart of a religion

Conversions mean they are Conversions mean they are Christians and equal…Christians and equal…

Old vs. New ChristiansOld vs. New Christians

Blood Libel Mid 1400sBlood Libel Mid 1400s

Propaganda against JewsPropaganda against Jews Stories told of Jews stealing Christian Stories told of Jews stealing Christian

babies and sacrificing them at night.babies and sacrificing them at night. Very effective (Fear travels through Very effective (Fear travels through

all Christians)all Christians) La Guardia TrialLa Guardia Trial

Unification of SpainUnification of Spain

Spanish Civil War (Isabella vs. Juana) Spanish Civil War (Isabella vs. Juana) 1474-791474-79

Isabella marries the Prince of Aragon Isabella marries the Prince of Aragon Ferdinand VFerdinand V

Castile and Aragon are now united Castile and Aragon are now united and Spain is Unitedand Spain is United

Torquemada Torquemada

1483 becomes Grand Inquisitor of 1483 becomes Grand Inquisitor of both Castile and Aragon (this is the both Castile and Aragon (this is the only organization that Castile and only organization that Castile and Aragon have in common)Aragon have in common)

Very powerful, austere stern man Very powerful, austere stern man and very Anti-Semitic. Helps to push and very Anti-Semitic. Helps to push the expulsion of the Jews.the expulsion of the Jews.

Confessor to IsabellaConfessor to Isabella

The Spanish InquisitionThe Spanish Inquisition Pope Sixtus IV signs the Papal Bull in 1478, which Pope Sixtus IV signs the Papal Bull in 1478, which

gives Spain the right to start the Inquisition.gives Spain the right to start the Inquisition.

Holy Office- Organization of the Inquisitors. Holy Office- Organization of the Inquisitors.

Heresy – “Wrong Thinking”Heresy – “Wrong Thinking”

First few years, inactive until the La Guardia Trial First few years, inactive until the La Guardia Trial in 1491.in 1491.

1478-1530 Most active period of the Inquisition1478-1530 Most active period of the Inquisition

Heresy Heresy

Not Eating PorkNot Eating Pork

Using Olive OilUsing Olive Oil

Reading Prohibited BooksReading Prohibited Books

Practicing Judaism Practicing Judaism

How did the Inquisition How did the Inquisition WorkWork

Edict of GraceEdict of Grace (7days – 30days) (7days – 30days)

DenunciationDenunciation

ReconciliationReconciliation

Why did the Inquisition Start (3 Why did the Inquisition Start (3 theories)theories)

Money Money Money – Confiscation Money Money Money – Confiscation of goods.of goods.

Racism – Christians were blaming Racism – Christians were blaming Jews for killing Jesus Christ.Jews for killing Jesus Christ.

Religion – Some believed they really Religion – Some believed they really had to convert to Catholicism. had to convert to Catholicism.

14921492 Invasion of Invasion of

Grenada (Spain is Grenada (Spain is completely unified)completely unified)

Expulsion of the Expulsion of the JewsJews

Makeup of the InquisitionMakeup of the Inquisition

Suprema (1488) – 6 members that Suprema (1488) – 6 members that rules over the Inquisitionrules over the Inquisition

Tribunals – makeshift courtroomsTribunals – makeshift courtrooms Familiars – SpiesFamiliars – Spies Finances – confiscations, fines, Finances – confiscations, fines,

penances, dispensation. penances, dispensation.

Privileges of Member to the Privileges of Member to the InquisitionInquisition

A. InspectionA. Inspection B. Censor Literature – Index of B. Censor Literature – Index of

Prohibited Prohibited Books Books C. Immunity from other Jurisdictions C. Immunity from other Jurisdictions D. Tax ExemptionD. Tax Exemption E. No Quartering of TroopsE. No Quartering of Troops

The TrialThe Trial

A. Lawyers – Defense lawyers emergeA. Lawyers – Defense lawyers emerge

B. Witnesses – could testifyB. Witnesses – could testify

C. Enemies – Name your enemies C. Enemies – Name your enemies

TortureTorture

Toca – Water Toca – Water TortureTorture

Potro – The RackPotro – The Rack

Garrucha – Hung Garrucha – Hung by ceiling by ceiling

Autos de FéAutos de Fé

Act of FaithAct of Faith

SanbenitoSanbenito

Burned In EffigyBurned In Effigy

Moriscos & WitchcrazeMoriscos & Witchcraze

April 4 , 1609 Expulsion of the April 4 , 1609 Expulsion of the MoriscosMoriscos

Led to Economic ProblemsLed to Economic Problems

Over 110,000 witches were killed in Europe.Over 110,000 witches were killed in Europe.

Less than 100 killed in SpainLess than 100 killed in Spain

The End of the InquisitionThe End of the Inquisition

The French Revolution of 1789 would The French Revolution of 1789 would cause the Inquisition to disband.cause the Inquisition to disband.

After the Revolution, a new After the Revolution, a new government arose in Spain “Cortes government arose in Spain “Cortes de Cadiz” and they chose not to de Cadiz” and they chose not to include the Inquisition in the new include the Inquisition in the new constitution.constitution.