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Space Shuttle Space Shuttle Challenger Challenger William Harwood

Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

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Page 1: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

Space Shuttle Space Shuttle ChallengerChallenger

William Harwood

Page 2: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

Space Shuttle Challenger

William HarwoodAbout the Author

Warm-up QuestionsBackground Information

Challenger/ Kennedy Space Centre/ UPI/ NASA

About the Textmain idea/ word study/ useful expressions/

sentence paraphrase

In-class ExercisesAfter-class Discussion

Page 3: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

William Harwood, a newspaper reporter, worked as Cape

Canaveral bureau chief of the United Press International whe

n he wrote about his experience as a witness to the tragic expl

osion.

About the author

Page 4: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

• What is a space shuttle?

• Do you know Challenger? Can you give some information

about it?

• There are some abbreviations in the text, please give out their

full names and remember them.

Warm-up questions

Page 5: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

Background information

Challenger

A space shuttle, was made in USA and

launched from the Kennedy Space Center in

Jan.28, 1986. It cost 1~2 billion. Two ﹩

minutes after it was launched, it exploded,

killing all the members of the crew. It was the

greatest space travel tragedy ever recorded.

Page 6: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

Kennedy Space Center

Located in Cape Canaveral, Florida,

it is the launch site of U.S. space flights,

which witnessed the launching of the first U.S. manned space

flight in 1961, the first lunar-landing in 1969 and the explosion of

the space shuttle Challenger in 1986.

Crew members of challenger

Background information

Page 7: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

UPI (abbr.) United Press International 合众国际社 It is a major news agency in the United States.

NASA (abbr.)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration 国家航空和宇宙航行局 It is an independent US government agency based in Ken

nedy Space Center in Florida and was established in 1958 for s

pace exploration.

Background information

Page 8: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

Main idea

This article is in the nature of

reportage, written by a newspaper

reporter of UPI who witnessed the

disastrous launch of the space shuttle challenger. It was 25th shuttle

launch in USA. It was originally scheduled for 9:38 a.m., Jan.28,

1986 at Kennedy Space Center, but the cold weather delayed fueling

and launch for two hours. At 11:38 a.m., the spacecraft was

launched and exploded about two minutes later, killing all the

members of the crew. The following research showed that the cause

of this disaster was fuel release from one of the boosters.

About the text

Page 9: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

• alert: v. to make sb. notice sth. important or dangerous

---The radio alerted the citizens to prepare for the hurricane.

adj. attentive or quick to think or act

---to be alert to possible dangers

• arc: v. to move in a curved way

---the stars that arc across the sky

n. sth shaped like a curve or an arch

---the vivid arc of a rainbow

About the text

Word Study

Page 10: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

• bay: n. a body of water partially enclosed by land but with a wide mouth, affording access to the sea

---the Bay of Biscay n. the position of having been checked or held at a distance ---The hunters brought their quarry to bay.

• corkscrew: v. to move or cause to move in a spiral or winding course

---to corkscrew one’s way through the crowd

adj. spiral in shape

---corkscrew curl

About the text

Word Study

Page 11: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

• flame: n. hot and bright burning gas

---The sticks burst into flames.

v. to burn brightly; to blaze

---The rising sun flamed the eastern sky.

• ignite: v. to cause or start to burn

---The liquid ignited when somebody dropped a match in it accidentally.

v. to arouse the passions of, to excite

---His speech ignited the crowd greatly.

About the text

Word Study

Page 12: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

• lull: n. a short period of time in which there is less activity or noise than usual

---a lull before the storm, in the conversation, during the battle.

v. to cause to sleep or rest; to soothe or calm

---The monotonous voice of the movement of the train lulled me to sleep

About the text

Word Study

Page 13: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

• narrative: n. sth. told as a story ---to give a clear narrative of the incident. adj. consisting of or characterized by the telling of a story ---narrative poem

About the text

Word Study

• puff: n. a sudden small movement of wind, air, or smoke ---A puff of wind blew the papers off the table. v. to blow in puffs ---He often puffs cigarette smoke in others’ face for fun

Page 14: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

About the text

Word Study

• orbit: n. the path traveled by an object such as a spacecraft which is moving around another much bigger object such as the Earth

---How many satellites have been sent into orbit round the Earth?

v. to revolve around an orbit

---Our satellite itself will orbit around the moon for a period of two days.

Page 15: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

• punch: v. to hit with a sharp blow of the fist ---to punch sb. on the nose. v. to depress (a key or button, for example) in order to act

ivate a device or perform an operation ---to punch the keys of a typewrite

About the text

Word Study

• shuttle: n. a spacecraft that can fly into space and return to Earth and can be used more than once

v. to cause to move back and forth frequently ---business people who shuttle between European capitals

Page 16: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

• thunder: v. to produce thunder or sounds like thunder ---The train thundered through the station. n. the crashing or booming sound produced by rapidly

expanding air along the path of the electrical discharge of lightning

---We haven’t heard much thunder this summer

About the text

Word Study

• twin: adj. being two things closely resembling each other --- twin cities; twin sisters n. either of a pair of children or young animals born of

the same mother at the same time

Page 17: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

• wheel: n. disc or circular frame that turns on an axel as on cars, carts, bicycles etc. as part of a machine

v. to turn around suddenly

---He wheeled round suddenly.

About the text

Word Study

Page 18: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

About the textUseful Expressions

• the press site (para.1): the place where the press people, the newspaper and TV station reporters who had come to cover the event, worked

• worth staffing (para.2): worth providing workers for the job

• “live” reporting (para.3): reporting while the event is going on

• print journalists (para.3): journalists who work for newspapers and magazines

• let out (para.3): to make known; to reveal

---Who let that story out?

to allow sth. to leave a place (said of gas, air, light, water)

---He let the air out of the tyres

Page 19: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

About the textUseful Expressions

• warm up (para.3): to prepare for an athletic event by exercising, stretching, or practicing for a short time beforehand

to make more enthusiastic, excited ---to warm up an audience with a few jokes.• to be scheduled for (para.3): to plan or appoint for a certain tim

e or date ---The sale is scheduled for tomorrow.• to keep sth. on track(para.4): to make sure the process is procee

ding as planned ---The launch team was struggling to keep the count down on

track.• to build up (para.4): to increase gradually ---to build up one’s strength after an illness

Page 20: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

About the textUseful Expressions

• to call it up (para.4): to make it appear on the computer• shoot the breeze (para.4): chat• to thunder to life (para.4): to be ignited with a terrible noise ---Challenger’s three main engines thundered to life on sched

ule.• on schedule (para.4): on time ---The task will be finished on schedule if nothing prevents.• to shoot out sth. (para.4): to move, come, go, send out suddenly a

nd quickly ---He shot out of school when the bell rang

Page 21: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

About the textUseful Expressions

• to clear (para.5): to jump over or leave some place without touching it

• winged away (para.6): was sent quickly• raw copy (para.7): unpolished copy, giving all unpleasant facts

without trying to make them more acceptable ---raw material, raw meat, raw date.• header material (para.13): the material to be put at the top of a p

age• in the event of sth. (para.20): if sth. happens ---In the event of his death, Sheilla will inherit the money.• to well up (para.21): to flow or rise like water from a well ---Tears welled up in her eyes.

Page 22: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

About the textUseful Expressions

• to hang on (para.13): not to replace the receiver ---The line was engaged and the operator asked if I’d like to

hang on. to grip sth. firmly ---Hang on tight, we’re off. to depend on ---A great deal hangs on this decision.

• to serve as sth. (para.20): to work for

---served as a gardener and chauffeur

to be suitable for; to be used as

---Let this incident serve as a reminder to future generations.

Page 23: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

About the textSentence Paraphrase

• It was bitterly cold that night. I remember turning on the drafty

UPI trailer’s heaters in a futile attempt to warm up while I

started banging out copy. (para.3)

It was extremely cold that night. An icy wind was blowing

through the trailer. I remember I turned on the heaters in the

trailer to get some warmth while I started working, but it did not

help much.

Page 24: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

About the textSentence Paraphrase

• Off to the side, a brilliant tongue of orange flame periodically

flared in the night as excess hydrogen was let out harmlessly in

the atmosphere. (para.4)

Some distance away to the side, a bright tongue of orange flame

was burning fiercely in the darkness when the unnecessary

hydrogen was released into the atmosphere.

Page 25: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

About the textSentence Paraphrase

• I reminded him not to push the SEND button until I confirmed

vertical motion. . .(para.4)

I asked him not to send the news until If made sure that the

shuttle was indeed rising upward.

Page 26: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

About the textSentence Paraphrase

• . . . should disaster strike, the plan went, I would start dictating a

nd Trott would start filling raw copy to the wire. (para.7)

. . .if there were a disaster, we would do as planned: I would tell

what was happening orally and Trott would send what I said by t

he wire without much improvement.

Page 27: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

About the textSentence Paraphrase

• But the sound quickly faded to a dull rumble as Challenger

wheeled about and arced over behind its booster exhaust plume.

(para.8)

The engine of the booster produced gas, steam and a small

cloud. After that Challenger flew around and moved in a curved

shape; the original terrible roar disappeared and a long, deep,

rolling sound began to be heard.

Page 28: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

About the textSentence Paraphrase

• And then, in that pregnant instant before the knowledge that

something terrible has happened settled in, a single booster

emerged from the cloud, corkscrewing madly through the sky.

(para.10)

And then, in that critical moment of pause and silence, before we

knew that something terrible had happened, we could see a

single booster coming out from the cloud and flying down in a

spiral way through the sky.

Page 29: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

About the textSentence Paraphrase

• I was flying on some kind of mental autopilot. (para.10)

I was working automatically just like a pilot letting the plane fly

on its own.

Page 30: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

In-class exercises Complete the sentences with the expressions

listed below in their proper forms.

in the event of on schedule to be scheduled for

to build up to serve as to warm up

1) It was getting cold. Luckily I had an old overcoat, which also

a blanket at night.

2) The completion of this expressway January 2005.

3) In the first few years, they were just for the

reform. The real restructuring started in the year 2000.

Page 31: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

In-class exercises

4) They did not complete the project . We don’t

know yet what caused the delay.

5) a war, these subways could air-raid

shelters.

6) His knowledge on his subject began to after several

years of doing extensive reading.

Page 32: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

Keys

1) Served as 2) is scheduled for

3) Warming up 4) on schedule

5) In the event of, serve as

6) build up

Page 33: Space Shuttle Challenger Space Shuttle Challenger William Harwood

After-class discussion

• What can you learn from this text?

• Describe the disaster of Challenger in 1986.