SPACE EXPLORATION HELPS IMPROVING LIFE ON EARTH

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View from the ISS - The Nile and Egypt by night

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What is Space Exploration?

The use of space technology to explore the outer space.

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History

USSR’s Sputnik 1 Gagarin on Vostok 1 Men on moon

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US vs. Soviet Russians

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Space Exploration Helps Improving Life on Earth

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Improving our life by technological advancements

Global network for modern communications

By observing the Earth

Space Spin-Offs

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Space Spin-Offs

Body Imaging Scanners

MRI Scanning Device

CAT Scan

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Mid-1960’s, NASA developed – digital image processing – digitally enhance pictures of Moon – detect any space structures.

Later being used by doctors – record images of organs – human body.

Diagnosis – cancer and soft tissue injuries. Computer-Aided Tomography (CAT) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Space Spin-Offs

Water Filter System

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• Issues – Providing astronauts with a clean water supply.

• Developed water recycling to overcome the problem.

• Turning wastewater – respiration, sweat and urine into drinkable water.

• Using Nano-technology – trap micro-sized bugs in water.

Space Spin-Offs

Cordless Power Tools

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• Apollo mission – invented a lightweight & portable equipment to acquire samples to bring home with them.

• Does not need any wire – battery powered tools.

• Power tools – compact & had effective battery life.

• Massive change in the power tool industry.

Space Spin-Offs

Cochlear Implants

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• A deaf engineer at Kennedy Space Center – Adam Kissiah Jr. – invented a device for hearing aid.

• Developing sensory equipment of space travel – applied it to a device – convert sound waves into electronic impulses.

• Cochlear implants – helped deaf people to hear.

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Modern Communications

Communication satellites

Navigational satellites

Satellites for military purpose

Scientific studies satellites

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Modern Communications

Communication satellites

MEASAT-3

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• Malaysia East Asia Satellite • Malaysian communications satellite operator • Provide television service in Malaysia – general

communication services .

Modern Communications

Navigational satellites

Galileo Satellite

NAVSTAR GPS Satellite 15

• Provide location and time information – anywhere on or near the Earth.

• Not solely rely on one satellite – GPS: 32 satellites orbiting the Earth.

• Galileo – upgraded version of GPS – still in development.

Modern Communications

Military satellites

Defense Support Program

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• Gathering information regarding national security – reconnaissance.

• Communication satellite – for armies. • Surveillance during war or spying purpose. • Detect missiles, spacecraft launches, nuclear

explosions. • Controlled by government and military

department.

• Helped the military to do their job easily.

Modern Communications

Scientific satellites

Our Sun taken by SOHO International Space Station

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Solar & Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO)

• A cooperative effort between the European Space Agency (ESA) and NASA.

• Designed to study the internal structure of the Sun, its outer atmosphere and the origin of the solar wind.

Findings: • Providing temperature structure. • Measuring the acceleration of the slow and

fast solar wind. • Discovering new dynamic solar phenomena. • Revolutionizing our ability to forecast space

weather.

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International Space Station

• Designed for human beings to live on in outer space.

• Research includes Space weather, human research, space medicine, life sciences, physical sciences, astronomy and meteorology in micro gravity.

• Expected to remain in operation until at least 2020, and potentially to 2028.

• Like many artificial satellites, the ISS can be seen from Earth with the naked eye.

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Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor was launched to this space craft on 10 Oct 2007 under Malaysian Angkasawan Program.

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Earth Observer

Emergency warning and recovery systems

Environmental & Resource Management

Protection against catastrophic planetary accidents

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Warning and Recovery Systems

The ability to warn populations from disasters.

Rescue operations, emergency communications, recovery operations.

Hurricanes, monsoons, tidal waves, fires, earthquakes, ozone hole, global warming, pollutions, ocean oil spills, melting ice caps, loss of rain forests – threats to human survival.

A hurricane as seen from space

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Resource Monitoring

• Remote sensing technology developed for analysis of planetary images has improved agricultural production.

• Weather satellites have dramatically improved weather forecasts and severe weather predictions.

Map making Climate & Ocean studies 23

Protection Against Space Accidents

• Probabilities are very low.

• The dangers are greatest from not knowing enough about solar storms, cosmic radiation and the ozone layer.

• Space Guard Program – could save our species in time.

• Recently an asteroid 2005 YU55 has passed the earth on 8 Nov 2011.

Halley’s Comet 24

Asteroid 2005 YU55 8 November 2011

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Trajectory of asteroid 2005 YU55 compared with the orbits of the Earth and the Moon on 8–9 November 2011.

Real-time moving photo of asteroid 2005 YU55

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Conclusion

Improving our life by technological advancements

Global network for modern communications

By observing the Earth.

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Space exploration helps improving life on Earth