Southeast Asia

VietnamCambodiaMyanmarThailand

Laos

Cambodia 1975-1979• The Killing Fields

– 1975 pop = 8 million– 1979 pop = 5.5 million

(25%)• 1.3 million killed outright• 1.2 million died from

starvation and disease• Dictator named Pol Pot.• If you were intelligent or

knew a foreigner, you were arrested and killed

Rwanda (Africa 1994)

20 % of the population killed because of different ethnic group (500,000 – 1 million dead)

Tutsis and Hutus

Bosnia (Europe 1995)

• 8,000 dead • 30,000 removed from

their homes• Based on religious

differences

Darfur (Africa 2003 – present)

• Part of Sudan in Africa• Between Arabs and

Africans• Population 2003 – (6 million)

• Dead (2004-2008)– between 178,258 and

461,520

• Displaced 2.5 million

Darfur, Sudan

• Those displaced are very hungry and few have family members to care for them.

Southeast Asia

• Mandalas – old ways of governing, not really countries. Kind of like drug cartels of today in that they own territory, and have either peace or war with their neighbors over turf.

Colonialism

• Colonialism – European countries came in during the 1500’s until World War 2.

• Instead of making food for their own people, forced to grow crops for sale in Europe markets, such as bananas, rubber, sugar, rice, coffee

• Where else did Europeans Colonize?

European Colonialism

Independence

• Nationalism came after Japan’s defeat in World War 2

• United States was involved because many of the nationalists were also Communists, and we did not like the idea of Communism.

Economy 1Economy 1

• Cambodia, Myanmar, Cambodia, Myanmar, Laos, and VietnamLaos, and Vietnam

• Most countries depend Most countries depend on agriculture for on agriculture for incomeincome

• War has depleted the War has depleted the workforce (few men of workforce (few men of working age)working age)

• Little infrastructure Little infrastructure (roads, bridges) (roads, bridges) because destroyed because destroyed during warsduring wars

Economy 2Economy 2

• Brunei, Indonesia, Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and ThailandSingapore and Thailand

• Have higher developed Have higher developed economies than the economies than the others. Lots of OIL.others. Lots of OIL.

• They have They have manufacturing manufacturing businesses, production businesses, production of textiles, clothing, and of textiles, clothing, and electronics.electronics.

• Service industry such as Service industry such as financesfinances

If the gold is the world, where is the blue?

Cambodia HDI Thailand and Myanmar HDI

Culture

• Religion– Buddhism is widespread– Catholic in Philippines

• How did it get there?

– Islam in Indonesia and Brunei• How did it get there?

– Some Hinduism and local traditional religions as well.

• Art– Most destroyed during

many wars– Some architecture

remains (buildings)– Dance, oral traditions

remain.

Angkor Wat early 12c

HousingRural areas live in houses on stilts. Why?

Petronas towers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (was tallest in the world until 2003)