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South Peel Water Supply System 2008 (Mississauga, Bolton, Brampton)
2
TTAABBLLEE OOFF CCOONNTTEENNTTSS
Our Vision..……………………………………………………………………………………...…..3 1. General Drinking Water System Information………………………………………………….….4
1.1 Where Does the water Come From?..........................................................................................4 1.2 Significant expenses Incurred………………………………………………….…………..…..5
2. How is Water Treated…………………………………………………………………………….…8
2.1 Lakeview Water Treatment Plant………………………………………….…….…….…... ....8 2.2 Flow Diagram of Lakeview Water Treatment Plant………………………………………......9 2.3 Lorne Park Water Treatment Plant…………………………………………………………..10 2.4 Flow Diagram of Lorne Park Water Treatment Plant…………………………………….….11 2.5 Conventional Water Treatment Process Description………………………………………...12 2.6 OBM Water Treatment……………………………………………………………….……...14
3. Ontario Drinking Water Compliance Information……………… ………….………………..….15
4. How Well Did We Do?…..………………………………………………….………………..…..…17
4.1 Operation……………………………………………………………………………………..17 4.2 Customer Service-Quality and Efficiency……………………………………………………20
5. Water Quality Programs…………………………………………………………………………...21
5.1 Drinking Water Quality Management System(DWQMS)…………………………………..21 5.2 Source Water Protection……………………………………………………………………..21 5.3 Water main Renewal Program…………………………………………………………….....21 5.4 Community Lead Testing Program…………………………………………………………..22 5.5 Water main Flushing Program…………………………………………………………….....23
Appendix A………………………………………………………………………………………….…..24 � Summary of Water Quality Parameter……………………………………………………….......25
Appendix B………..……………………………………………………………………………….........35
� Frequently Asked Questions & Answers on Water Quality…………………………………..…37 � Report Accessibility………………………………………………………………………….…..40
3
Our Vision
“To be Recognized as the Industry Leader in Public Works”
The Regional Municipality of Peel takes pride in ensuring that its residents are provided with clean and
safe water, free of any pollutants that could jeopardize their health.
The Region of Peel treats its water to prevent contamination and regularly tests its quality. In the year
2008, the Region of Peel provided the citizens with excellent quality water. A number of tests were
performed on thousands of water samples collected throughout the year, including testing for
microbiological parameters, inorganic and organic parameters. Operational checks as well as any additional
testing carried out in accordance with the regulatory requirements; all proved the Region of Peel municipal
water to be of excellent quality.
The 2008 results of the tests performed by the Region of Peel have been organized and the annual report
has been made available for viewing.
If experiencing difficulty accessing or viewing the 2008 data results, please contact the Water Quality
Team at 905-791-7800 ext 4685 or at [email protected]
4
1. General Drinking Water System Information
1.1 Where does the water come from?
The Cities of Mississauga, Brampton and the Town of Bolton, a population of approximately 1.28 Million
people, obtains their drinking water from Lake Ontario. Raw water from the lake is pumped into two surface
water treatment plants, Lakeview Water Treatment Plant (WTP) and Lorne Park Water Treatment Plant
(WTP), from intake pipes located 2km off shore. The Lakeview and Lorne Park plants are owned by the
Region of Peel and operated by the Ontario Clean Water Agency (OCWA). Each year the plants produce
approximately 212 million liters of water. A portion of water produced is also pumped into the York Region.
Distribution System/ Storage Facilities
The distribution system carries water from the plants and distributes it to the cities of Brampton,
Mississauga and Town of Bolton through a series of pipes that ranges in size from 350mm to >600mm in
diameter.
The South Peel water distribution system consists of the following components:
*3,296 km of water mains
*36,042 water valves
*19,977 fire hydrants
*281,067 water services
Some of the maintenance activities performed at South Peel distribution system are:
• water main break repairs
• hydrant maintenance and repairs
• valve maintenance and repairs
• water service line installation/replacement/repairs
• customer service calls (water quality/quantity, turn off/on, pressure testing, etc.)
There are a total of 11 reservoirs that hold and store water throughout the Region of Peel. These
facilities also pump water to higher elevations.
5
1.2 Expenditure Info: Region of Peel staff determine capital spending priorities to eliminate unnecessary expenditures while
maintaining its infrastructure.
Table1.Significant expenses for Lakeview Water Treatment Plant for Operation, Maintenance and Repairs:
Significant Repairs Approximate Expenditure
Watermain Break Repairs $1,518,470
Fire Hydrant Repairs $327,912
Water Distribution System Valve Repairs $176,274
Water Service Repairs $362,378
Service Box Repairs $213,555
Insulation of Piping in High Lift PS#3 $64,000
Renovation of Zebra Mussel Control Pump Room $118,000
Surge Tank Upgrades $24,000
Closed Circuit Television Upgrades $150,000
Low Lift #2 screens and Actuators upgrades $220,000
Membrane Building Tank Coating $300,000
6
Table 2.Significant expenses for Lakeview Water Treatment Plant Replacements:
Significant Replacements Approximate Expenditure
Fire Hydrant Replacements $53,632
Water Service Replacements $11,960
Water Distribution Valve Replacement $ 82,682
Service Box Replacement-Vactor $358,432
Replacement of Chlorine Pressure Lines $245,000
Replacement of Sump Pumps $150,000
7
Table 3.Significant expenses for Lorne Park Water Treatment Plant Operation, Maintenance and Repairs:
Significant Repairs Approximate Expenditure
Watermain Break Repairs $1,012,313
Fire Hydrant Repairs $218,608
Water Distribution System Valve Repairs $117,516
Water Service Repairs $241,585
Service Box Repairs $142,370
Refurbishment of Low Lift Pump $49,000
Low Lift Pump Drive Shaft Safety Guards $65,000
Table 4.Significant expenses for Lorne Park Water Treatment Plant Replacements:
Significant Replacements Approximate Expenditure
Fire Hydrant Replacements $35,754
Water Service Replacements $7,973
Water Distribution Valve Replacement $ 55,121
Service Box Replacement-Vactor $238,955
Replacement and Protection of Corroded Equipment $340,000
Replacement of Sodium Hypochlorite Feed System $280,000
8
2. How is the water treated?
2.1 Lakeview Water Treatment Plant
The Lakeview Water Treatment Drinking Water System # 210000568 serves the eastern sections of
Mississauga and Brampton, and the community of Bolton. The western parts of Mississauga and
Brampton are serviced by the Lorne Park Water Treatment Facility. Several water mains link the two
areas, allowing water to transfer from either east to west or west to east. The Lakeview water treatment
plant is operated as a conventional water treatment plant. The plant also consists of ozone, biologically
activated carbon contractor (BACC) and membrane filtration centre (OBM). (Please refer to 2.5
Conventional water treatment process description)
The 67-acre Lakeview Water Treatment Facility is located on Lake Ontario. The facility was recently
expanded as a result of increased growth and an agreement to supply water to York Region
9
2.2 Flow Diagram of Lakeview Water Treatment Plant
The chemicals used over the reporting period were Aluminum sulphate (Alum), chlorine gas,
hydrofluosilicic acid, polymer, Sulphur dioxide, sulphuric acid, aqua ammonia ( applied at Airport P.S.
only, to supply chloraminated water to York), Sodium Hypochlorite.
http://www.peelregion.ca/pw/water/water-trtmt/lakeview.htm
Lake Ontario
Coagulation/Flocculation/Sedimentation (removal of suspended and dissolved solids to improve filter performance)
Filtration (removal of suspended solids, organics (GAC) chlorine resistant organisms, improved disinfection)
Secondary Disinfection (Inactivation of bacteria/disease causing organisms)
Consumer
Fluoridation
Ozonation
BACC filters
Membranes
Primary disinfection (Zebra Mussel control and bacteria kill)
OBM Conventional
10
2.3 Lorne Park Water Treatment Plant
The Lorne Park Water Treatment Drinking Water System #210001317 is in Jack Darling Park on the
north shore of Lake Ontario. This facility provides water for the western parts of Mississauga and
Brampton. The eastern portions of Mississauga and Brampton and the community of Bolton are
serviced by the Lakeview Water Treatment Facility. The Lorne Park plant is considered to be a
conventional treatment plant. (Please refer to 2.5 Conventional water treatment process description)
11
2.4 Flow Diagram of Lorne Park WTP
The chemicals used during the reporting period were acidified aluminum sulphate (Alum),
hydrofluosilicic acid, sodium hypochlorite and sodium bisulphate.
http://www.peelregion.ca/pw/water/water-trtmt/lorne-park.htm
Lake Ontario
Coagulation/Flocculation/Sedimentation (Removal of suspended and dissolved solids to improve filter performance)
Filtration (Removal of suspended solids, organics (GAC) chlorine resistant organisms, improved disinfection)
Secondary Disinfection (inactivation of bacteria/disease causing organisms)
Consumer Fluoridation
Screening
Primary Disinfection (Zebra mussel control and bacteria kill)
12
2.5 Conventional Water Treatment Process description
Lake Ontario is the source for the South Peel Water System. As lake water enters the
intake, it is chlorinated. The chlorine kills bacteria and prevents zebra mussels from clogging
up the pipe.
As the water enters the treatment facility, it passes through the travelling screen. The screen
prevents items such as fish, sticks and aquatic plants from entering the treatment facility and
damaging equipment.
Low lift, high lift and backwash pumps are located in several pump Stations.
Low lift pumps draw the lake water into the treatment plant.
High lift pumps move treated water into the water distribution system and reservoirs.
Backwash pumps are used to clean the filters.
Coagulation assists with the removal of turbidity and suspended matter (particles) in the water.
A coagulant (acidified aluminum sulphate or Alum) is added to the water.
The rapid mixer thoroughly mixes the coagulant and water.
13
Flocculation is the process of slow mixing that helps the sticky particles collide with each other,
forming larger and heavier particles called floc.
The next step is sedimentation. Floc particles are removed from the water by inclined plate settlers. The
water is slowed down in large tanks to allow particles to settle to the
bottom. The settled solids are removed and transferred to the
wastewater treatment facility.
Filtration removes remaining particles and chlorine-resistant bacteria. The water travels through layers
of granular activated carbon, sand and gravel. Water starts at the top of the filter and moves down by
gravity.
Every few days, the filters are backwashed (cleaned). Clean water is
pumped up and through the filter media, lifting and flushing out the
floc particles that have accumulated in the filter. The backwash water
is stored in holding tanks and then treated in the backwash treatment
facility.
The process of disinfection destroys harmful disease causing organisms such as E. coli and Giardia.
Chlorine is the most common disinfectant used in water treatment. Ozone is also used for disinfection.
14
Fluoride is added to the finished water to prevent cavities in our teeth. The finished water is then stored
in a reservoir and pumped into our communities through the water distribution system.
Diesel-powered generators provide auxiliary or standby power for the facility.
Standby power ensures we can provide water in case of an emergency such as a
massive power failure.
The water flows through watermains to houses, apartments, schools, commercial
and industrial premises.
Note: To download water treatment poster and to know about water treatment process, click onto
the following link Water Treatment poster
2.6 OBM Water Treatment
Water is pumped and sent to the ozone contactors .The water sits in a large concrete tank and ozone
is bubbled into it. Ozone kills bacteria but also helps break down substances that can cause the water
to taste or smell bad. The water then passes to the Biologically Active Carbon (BAC) filters. The
filters remove the biodegradable organic matter produced by ozonation before the water is micro-
filtered .The BAC filters absorb organic matter from the water including the taste and odor causing
compounds. The next step is for the water to be passed through the membrane ultra filtration system.
These are specially designed water filters with very small pores that the water passes through.
15
3. Ontario Drinking Water Compliance Information:
Drinking water quality in Peel is regulated by the Ontario government through the Ministry of the
Environment (MOE). The Ontario drinking water legislation sets requirements for municipal system
owners with regards to the operation, level of treatment, sampling and testing, licensing of staff and
water quality notification.
Water Quality Annual Reports
The Region prepares an annual report on the operation of the drinking water systems and the quality of
water supplied, to comply with the Ontario drinking water regulation under the Safe Drinking Water Act
(SDWA). It also ensures Peel consumers are kept informed. Peel Annual Reports are made available to
the public. Each year, the reports are posted on the regional web site and their electronic or hard copies
may be obtained upon request.
Sampling and Testing
In accordance with the drinking water legislation, drinking water systems are required to monitor their
water quality to ensure it meets provincial standards.
Peel regularly samples and tests raw, treated and distribution system water for a number of
microbiological, chemical and radiological parameters. The Region has always had an extensive water
sampling and monitoring program, to better understand the quality of source water, ensure effective
treatment processes and to diligently monitor and protect the drinking water supply.
Sampling and testing is conducted by trained and qualified operators, who collect water samples from
various sampling sites throughout the Region and immediately test them for first water safety indicators.
Samples are also collected for laboratory analysis for more than 150 health related and aesthetic
parameters.
16
The MOE requires that all drinking water testing laboratories be accredited by Standards Council of
Canada (SCC) based on proficiency evaluation conducted by the Canadian Association for
Environmental Analytical Laboratories for all the drinking water tests it performs.
Peel operates its own laboratory for chemical analyses and also subcontracts analytical testing to other
area laboratories. All laboratories used by the Region are accredited and licensed by the Ministry of the
Environment and adhere to strict drinking water sample collection, handling and transport protocols and
procedures.
Licensed Operators
All treatment plant and maintenance operators and technical staff have appropriate Water Treatment,
Water Distribution and Water Quality Analyst licenses, as required by Ontario drinking water
legislation. The licensing and training program ensures that all operators are certified to industry
recognized standards. Peel has established an ongoing continuing education program for all staff
responsible for operating drinking water systems which helps operators to gain knowledge of the latest
treatment technologies and advanced processes and to efficiently maintain system water quality and
quantity.
Water Quality Notification
In compliance with the regulatory requirements, Peel reports every adverse water quality event to the
Ministry of the Environment and Ministry of Health and immediately initiates corrective action to
address the potential problem. Peel has established a notification protocol for reporting of adverse water
quality and makes these reports and data publicly available in the annual reports.
17
4. How well did we do?
4.1 Operation
To protect the health of the public and to ensure consumers receive clean and safe water, the Ministry of
the Environment has established the Ontario Drinking Water Quality Standards (ODWS). These
standards are set to ensure the water is free of disease causing organisms and hazardous and radioactive
chemicals. In 2008, the Region monitored water quality by undertaking over 85,000 process samples
and tests to ensure a safe and clean water supply. (Please see Appendix A for full summary of the water
quality test results)
The Region of Peel is proud to report that for the year 2008, all drinking water samples met these
standards. The Ministry of the Environment (MOE) performs annual inspections on all the water
treatment plants. Based on the inspection outcomes the MOE issues score cards. The score is based on
the questions posed by the Ministry Inspector during each inspection. Peel’s overall performance is
excellent and for the past three inspection years, has been in the high 90 percentile.
Peel's Water Plant Inspection Rating
100
97.5
9
99.1
4
97.4
1
99.2
5
99.1
2
2006 2007 2008
Inspection Year
MO
E S
core
Lakeview WTP
Lorne Park WTP
18
During the period of January 1 through December 31, 2008, the Lorne Park Water Treatment Plant met all the provincial requirements and ODWQS except on six occasions
Event Date
Parameter / Process Upset
Result Unit of Measure
Action Plan Corrective Action Date
4-Feb-08 Total Coliform 4 cfu/100ml Re-sampled upstream and downstream and at the reported location. Confirmatory sample results met the standard
8-Feb-08 AWQI#77745
21-Feb-08 Lead 25.6 ppb Re-sampled and re-tested at the reported location Confirmatory sample results met the standard
25-Feb-08 AWQI#78040
3-Mar-08 Loss of coagulant flow
Loss of alum flow
L/hour Affected water diverted, notified owner, MOE & Public health, confirmed disinfection, restore alum flow
4-Mar-08 AWQI #78196
06-Apr-08 Loss of coagulant flow
Loss of alum flow
L/hour Low-Lift pump shutdown, confirmed disinfection, Bacti sampling notification of MOE and Public health, Restore alum flow
7-Apr-08 AWQI #78733
10-May-08 Loss of coagulant flow
Loss of alum flow
L/hour Plant shutdown, Filter backwashing, confirmed disinfection, Bacti sampling, restore alum flow
12-May-08 AWQI #79319
15-Oct-08 Total Coliform 12 cfu/100ml Re-sampled upstream and downstream and at the reported location. Notified MOE & Public health, Confirmatory sample results met the standard
20-Oct-08 AWQI# 84718
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During the period of January 1 through December 31, 2008, the Lakeview Water Treatment Plant met all the provincial requirements and ODWQS except on ten occasions:
Event Date Parameter / Process Upset
Result Unit of Measure
Action Plan Corrective Action Date
15-Mar-08 Lead 16.7 ppb Re-sampled and re-tested the reported location. Confirmatory sample results met the standard
25-Mar-08
10-Apr-08 Loss of coagulant flow
Loss of alum flow
L/hour Affected water sent to waste, pump restarted.
11-Apr-08 AWQI#78830
14-May-08 Total Coliform 1 cfu/100ml Re-sampled upstream and downstream and at the reported location. Confirmatory sample results met the standard
20-May-08 AWQI#79401
26-Jun-08 Total Coliform 1 cfu/100ml Re-sampled upstream and downstream and at the reported location. Confirmatory sample results met the standard
3-Jul-08 AWQI#80236
23-Jul-08 Total Coliform 10 cfu/100ml Re-sampled upstream and downstream and at the reported location. Confirmatory sample results met the standard
29-Jul-08 AWQI#81610
29-Jul-08 Total Coliform 2 cfu/100ml Re-sampled upstream and downstream and at the reported location. Confirmatory sample results met the standard
7-Aug-08 AWQI#81944
29-Aug-08 Loss of Coagulant flow
Loss of alum flow
L/hour Confirmed disinfection. Restored alum flow.
29-Aug-08 AWQI#83341
22-Oct-08 Total Coliform 7 cfu/100ml Re-sampled upstream and downstream and at the reported location. Confirmatory sample results met the standard
27-Oct-08 AWQI# 84886
17-Dec-08 Loss of Coagulant flow
Loss of alum flow
L/hour Filters automatically shutdown, water was redirected and alum flow restored.
17-Dec-08 AWQI# 85827
30-Dec-08 Loss of Coagulant flow
Loss of alum flow
L/hour Filters automatically shutdown, alum flow restored.
30-Dec-08 AWQI# 85998
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4.2 Customer Service – Quality and Efficiency
In 2008, all customer calls were responded to and resolved in a timely manner. Peel staff has made
every effort to contact the consumers in person and satisfactorily address their questions. Record of
every water quality call received by Peel is logged in the regional data base and kept on file.
Peel Customer Service Index*
1000000
1050000
1100000
1150000
1200000
1250000
1300000
1350000
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Year
Tot
al P
eel P
opul
atio
n
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Cus
tom
er I
nqui
ries
Total Peel PopulationCustomer Inquiries
* 2007-2008 numbers include ‘lead testing in drinking water program’ information response
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5. Water Quality Programs
5.1 Drinking Water Quality Management System (DWQMS) Ontario government has introduced new program and guidelines on how municipalities such as Peel
approach the management and operation of their drinking water systems. Peel’s intent is to ensure a
culture of commitment to quality, diligence and dedication to its consumers in providing safe and clean
drinking water. To maintain consumer confidence and to meet the Ministry of the Environment’s
program objectives, Peel has undertaken an operational and management review of its drinking water
systems and developed an operational plan that outlines how Peel manages its systems and puts in place
processes to continuously check and make improvements when needed.
5.2 Source Water Protection Peel understands that clean water begins at the source and diligently conducts surface water and
groundwater source assessment, which includes analysis of current raw water quality data at the plant
intakes and monitoring of aquifers. The assessment also takes account of the vulnerability to potential
contaminating activities, historical and current land use.
5.3 Water Main Renewal Program The Region’s overall infrastructure is aging, requiring more investment in preventive and planned
maintenance. In response, Peel has established a comprehensive asset management program, which
includes the water main assessment and renewal. The program is an ongoing plan of upgrading Peel’s
linear infrastructure to ensure long term integrity. The program involves repair of mains or replacement
of existing mains to improve water flow, ensure good quality water and upsize if required to meet future
planning needs; all to provide higher level service to our consumers.
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The Region determines priority of water mains replacement based on the following factors:
1. Water main age
2. Water quality trend
3. Water main size and material type
4. Water main breaks and leak history
5. Future municipal and city projects and road re-construction
6. Cost of replacement
The majority of the water main replacement projects are undertaken in partnership with road and sewer
renewal projects for improved cost effectiveness and minimized public inconvenience. Using these
criteria, Peel plans the water main renewal program in a financially responsible manner.
In 2008, the Region’s water main repair and replacement program involved the replacement of 38.6 km
of water mains.
5.4 Community Lead Testing Program Under the Ministry of the Environment mandate, all large municipal residential water system owners
such as Peel must have a specific number of private residences and non-residential premises tested for
lead. To be eligible to participate in Peel’s program and have water tested for lead, homes and buildings
must meet the following conditions:
1. homes or buildings built prior to 1960
2. plumbing connected or suspected to be connected to lead service pipes
3. lead plumbing or suspected of being made of lead
The Community Lead Testing is a voluntary program, which is conducted semi-annually, December 15
to April 15 and June 15 to October 15 of each year.
23
Every sampling period, Peel staff recruits owners of homes and businesses that meet the program
conditions, coordinates the collection of samples, provides test results and assistance in the results
interpretation. The Region has advertised for volunteer sampling locations from both residents and
businesses through local newspapers releases, mobile signs, regional events, direct consumer contact,
and the website. Peel is pleased with the community response and encourages its residents to continue
their program participation.
2008 testing revealed not detected or low level concentrations of lead. The majority of residential homes
and businesses sampled and tested throughout the Region met the Ontario’s Standard for lead levels in
drinking water. In addition to the provincially mandated water testing for lead, cast iron water mains
with lead joints have become a priority for replacement to help minimize potential sources of lead in
Peel’s drinking water. This initiative is carried out under the asset management and linear infrastructure
renewal program.
To sign up and find out if you are eligible for lead testing, contact us at 905-791-7800, ext 4409 or visit
our website http://www.peelregion.ca/pw/water/quality/lead-in-water.htm
5.5 Water Main Flushing Program
The goals of the water main flushing program are to maintain the overall water quality and water
aesthetics at the consumer’s tap, improve the distribution system water flows, and exercise the hydrants
to ensure their functionality. The areas of low water demand are flushed more frequently to ensure safe
and clean drinking water. Periodically, Peel staff conducts flushing of water mains and hydrant
maintenance activities, including flow testing and hydrant repairs.
In 2008, Peel staff has turned on over 24, 000 hydrants and flushed over 115,000 liters of water to
ensure clean drinking water supply.
24
Appendix A Summary of Water Quality Parameters
Terms you need to know
Term Definition l Liter
mg/l Milligrams per liter. This is a measure of concentration of a parameter in water, also called parts per million (ppm)
ug/l Micrograms per liter. This is a measure of concentration of a parameter in water, also called parts per billion (ppb)
MAC Maximum Acceptable Concentration IMAC Interim Maximum Acceptable Concentration
Aesthetic Objectives(AO)
AO’s are established for substances that affect the taste, smell and color of water or interfere with water quality control practices. These substances do not affect health.
(HR) Health Related
Parameter
Health related parameters are a concern for acute or and/or chronic exposure.
(OG) Operational Guidelines
OG’s are established for substances that need to be controlled to ensure the efficient treatment and distribution of water.
NTU
Nephelometric Turbidity Unit
ND
Not Detected
TCU
True Colour Units
ppb parts per billion
cfu/100ml Colony Forming Units/100 millilitres
uS/cm micro Siemens per centimetre
AOC The assimiable organic carbon (AOC) test is a standardized measure of the bacterial growth potential
of treated water.
R2A test
R2A test includes use of sensitive medium for the determination of the heterotrophic total bacterial count in drinking water. R2A is especially suitable for the recovery of stressed and chlorine-tolerant
bacteria from drinking water
25
Microbiological testing done during the reporting period Jan 1 to Dec 31, 2008
Drinking Water Testing for Microbiological Parameters The Safe Drinking Water Act, 2002 requires that owners and operating authorities of regulated drinking
water systems ensure that the water provided by the system meets the prescribed drinking water quality
standards. The Drinking-Water Systems Regulation (O. Reg. 170/03) prescribes the testing of
drinking water samples for microbiological parameters. O. Reg. 170/03 prescribes three types of
microbiological samples (i.e. raw water samples, treated water samples, or distribution samples) that may
need to be collected.
Summary of Microbiological testing Number of
Samples Range of E.Coli Or Fecal(EC) Results (min #)-(max #)
Range of Total Coliform (TC) Results (min #)-(max #)
Number of HPC Samples
Range of HPC Results (min #)-(max #)
Raw 204 0-12 0-550 102 0-100
Treated 628 0-0 0-0 102 0-0 Distribution 8549 0-0 0-12 561 0-80
*Under Ontario Drinking Water Standard, TC = 0 cfu per 100 mL, EC= 0 cfu per 100 mL, HPC=<500 cfu per mL Parameter information Escherichia coli (EC) Escherichia coli is a fecal coliform and can be detected using properly approved lab methods. Escherichia
coli is present in fecal matter and prevalent in sewage, but is rapidly destroyed by chlorine. It is a strong
indicator of recent fecal pollution. Contamination with sewage as shown by positive E-coli tests would
strongly suggest presence of disease causing bacteria and viruses, as well as more chlorine resistant disease
causing such as Giardia and Cryptosporidium, which are much more difficult to detect.
26
Total Coliform (TC)
Total Coliform bacteria are part of a family of bacteria called, Enterics. Coliform bacteria grow under
the same conditions as disease causing bacteria. That allows us to use them as indicator organisms. A
Coliform present sample in drinking water indicates that the source is, or recently has been infiltrated by
surface water.
Heterotrophic Plate Count
Heterotrophic plate count (HPC) results give an indication of overall water quality in drinking-water
systems. HPC results are used as a tool for monitoring the overall quality of the water, both immediately
post-treatment and in the distribution system. HPC results are not an indicator of water safety and, are used
as indicator of water integrity within the water system.
Assimilable Organic Carbon (AOC) Growth of bacteria in drinking water distribution and storage systems can lead to the deterioration of water
quality, non-compliance to water quality standards, and increased operating costs. Growth or re-growth
results from viable bacteria surviving the disinfection process and utilizing nutrients in the water and biofilm
to sustain growth. Factors other than nutrients that influence regrowth include AOC. Not all organic
compounds are equally susceptible to microbial decomposition; the fraction of dissolved organic carbon
(DOC) that provides energy and carbon for bacterial growth is assimilable organic carbon (AOC). The
Region of Peel monitors the levels of AOC as an extra precautionary measure to ensure the water quality
remains at its highest standard. Assimilable organic carbon is not a regulatory requirement.
27
R2A Media Testing
The standard media detailed in the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater
standard is a high nutrient media. R2A media is a low-nutrient media which is not as aggressive or harmful
to bacteria that are injured or weak; which in turn will give higher counts than the standard media. The
Region of Peel monitors the levels of R2A media results as an extra precautionary measure to ensure the
water quality remains at its highest standard.
28
Disinfection By-products
Disinfection of drinking-water is essential to protect the public from outbreaks of waterborne infectious
and parasitic diseases. Disinfection inactivates bacteria in the water and provides residual disinfectant to
inactivate bacteria introduced by any subsequent ingress of contaminated water during storage or
distribution. The most commonly used disinfectant is chlorine. The use of chlorine may lead to the
formation of halogenated by-products, including the trihalomethanes (THMs). THMs are the principal
by-product of chlorination, but only form 10 percent of total organic compounds in drinking water.
29
Summary of testing and sampling carried out in accordance with the requirement of an approval, order or other legal instrument.
Operational Parameters:
Parameter Number of
Samples Unit of Measure Range of Results
(min #)-(max #)
Turbidity 8760 NTU 0.02-0.30
Free Chlorine residual 8760 mg/L 0.48-1.72
Temperature 8760 °C 3.60-23.40
pH 8760 NA 6.71-7.82
Note: For continuous monitoring 8760 samples are used
Parameters tested under Certificate of Approval requirements:
Parameter Unit of Measure Range of Results (min #)-(max #)
Total Suspended Solids(TSS)- ( BACKWASH WASTEWATER)
mg/L 0-126
Total Phosphorus (BACKWASH WASTEWATER) LORNE PARK
mg/L 0.026-0.040
Monochloramine mg/L 0.0-0.70
Dichloramine mg/L 0.23-0.35
Aluminum (BACKWASH WASTEWATER) LORNE PARK
mg/L 0.801-2.44
30
Summary of Inorganic parameters tested during the reporting period Jan 1 to Dec 31, 2008
Inorganic parameters may be naturally present in water or be present as a result of industrial, urban or
agricultural activities, or other discharges. The Region of Peel tests for inorganic parameters to ensure the
water meets all standards.
Test Parameter
Lakeview Result Range
Lorne Park Result Range
Unit of Measure
MAC Parameter Information
Metals
Antimony, Sb 0-0.5 ND µg/l
6 Naturally occurring metalloid rarely detected in
Ontario Drinking Water
Arsenic 0-1.2 ND µg/l
25 Sometimes found in high concentrations in ground water in hard rock areas through the
natural dissolution of arsenic containing minerals
Barium 0.017-0.023 0.017-0.023 mg/l
1.0 Common in sedimentary rocks.
Boron 0.020-0.029 0.020-0.023 mg/l
5.0 Normally found in very small levels in drinking water
Cadmium ND ND mg/l
0.005 Rare element unlikely to be present as in drinking water
Chromium ND ND mg/l
0.05 Trivalent chromium naturally occurs and is not
considered toxic
Lead 0.432-0.944 0.432-0.440 µg/l
10 It is only present as a result of corrosion of lead
solder, lead containing brass fittings or lead pipes
Mercury 0.0001-0.0001 0.0001-0.0001 mg/l
0.001
Sources in drinking water can be air pollution,
waste incineration and metal refining operations
Selenium ND ND mg/l
0.01 Naturally occurs in water at trace levels
Sodium 13.9-24.4 15.6-32.2 mg/l
20 Naturally occurring or increased by water softening process
Uranium 0.0003-0.0004 0.0002-0.0003 mg/l
0.02 Normally occurring in granite and other mineral
deposits, leaches into water
31
Test Parameter
Lakeview Result Range
Lorne Park Result Range
Unit of Measure
MAC Parameter Information
*The Medical Officer of Health is notified when Sodium concentration exceeds 20 mg/l Summary of Organic parameters tested during the reporting period Jan 1 to Dec 31, 2008
Organic parameters are present to some degree in all water supplies. Region of Peel tests the parameters
and ensures the water meets all the standards of organic parameters.
Test Parameter Lakeview Result Range
Lorne Park Result Range
Unit of Measure
MAC Parameter Information
Alachlor ND ND µg/l
5 Herbicide for weeds control banned in 1985
Aldicarb ND ND µg/l
9 Insecticide used in low quantities for
control of specified insects. Banned in 1990s
Aldrin + Dieldrin ND ND µg/l
0.7 Pesticides for insect control banned in 1969
Atrazine + N-dealkylated metobolites
ND ND µg/l
5 Herbicide on corn for annual grass control. It is highly persistent and
moderately mobile in soil
Azinphos-methyl ND ND µg/l
20 Insecticide against foliage-feeding insects
Bendiocarb ND ND µg/l
40 Insecticide used in buildings and
greenhouses
Benzene ND ND µg/l
5 Present in gasoline and other refined petroleum products
Benzo(a)pyrene ND ND µg/l
0.01 Formed during the incomplete burning of organic matter and poorly
adjusted diesel exhaust
Fluoride 0.360-0.519 0.530-0.609 mg/l
1.5 Added to water in optimum level for control of tooth decay
Nitrite 0.010-0.022 0.010-0.022 mg/l as N
1.0 Present in ground water, and is oxidized to
Nitrate when chlorinated
Nitrate 0.299-0.619 0.240-0.845 mg/l as N
10.0 Present in ground water as a result of plant or animal material decay, fertilizers, sewage or
treated wastewater
32
Test Parameter Lakeview Result Range
Lorne Park Result Range
Unit of Measure
MAC Parameter Information
Bromoxynil ND ND µg/l
5 Herbicide for control of specific weeds
Carbaryl ND ND µg/l
90 Insecticide used in agriculture and
forestry
Carbofuran ND ND µg/l
90 Insecticide used in agriculture
Carbon Tetrachloride ND ND µg/l
5 Only found in ground water from old chlorinated solvent industry sites
Chlordane (Total) ND ND µg/l
7 Insecticide once used in agriculture,
banned in 1994
Chlorpyrifos ND ND µg/l
90 Common insecticide for insect control
Cyanazine ND ND µg/l
10 Herbicide for control of weeds in
crop and non-crop areas
Diazinon ND ND µg/l
20 Insecticide for dwelling pests, flies, ants and cockroaches.
Dicamba ND ND µg/l
120 Herbicide for weed in grains
1,2-Dichlorobenzene ND ND µg/l
200 Used in chemical blends
1,4-Dichlorobenzene ND ND µg/l
5 Was widely used in toilet pucks and
mothballs, banned in 1988
Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) + metabolites
ND ND mg/l 0.03 DDT use was banned in Ontario in 1998
1,2-Dichloroethane ND ND µg/l
5 Used as a solvent and fumigant
1,1-Dichloroethylene (vinylidene chloride)
ND ND mg/l 0.014 Used in the food packaging industry and the textile industry for furniture
and automotive upholstery Dichloromethane ND ND µg/l
50 Industrial solvent for paint and
degreasing agent
2-4 Dichlorophenol ND ND µg/l
900 Present in drinking water only as a
result of industrial contamination 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D)
ND ND µg/l
100 Herbicide for cereal crop and lawn weed control
Diclofop-methyl ND ND µg/l
9 Herbicide grass control in grains and vegetables
33
Test Parameter Lakeview Result Range
Lorne Park Result Range
Unit of Measure
MAC Parameter Information
Dimethoate ND ND µg/l
20 Miticide and insecticide
Dinoseb ND ND µg/l
10 Contact herbicide and desiccant. It is no longer used in Ontario
Diquat ND ND ppb 70 Herbicide used as a crop desiccant in
seed crops Diuron ND ND µg/l
150 Herbicide for control of vegetation in
crop and non-crop areas Glyphosate ND ND µg/l
280 Herbicide for weed control
Heptachlor + Heptachlor Epoxide
ND ND µg/l
3 Insecticide once used in agriculture, banned in 1969
Lindane (Total) ND ND µg/l
4 Insecticide used for seed treatment
Malathion ND ND µg/l
190 Insecticide used in fruits and vegetables
Methoxychlor ND ND µg/l
900 Insecticide
Metolachlor ND ND µg/l
50 Selective herbicide for pre-emergence and pre-plant broad leaf
weed control
Metribuzin ND ND µg/l
80 Herbicide for control of weed and grasses
Monochlorobenzene ND ND µg/l
80 Industrial solvent
Paraquat ND ND ppb 10 Highly toxic herbicide used for desiccation of seed crops
Parathion ND ND µg/l
50 Insecticide for foliar pests and adult stage of root maggots
Pentachlorophenol ND ND µg/l
60 It is rarely found today but was
extensively used as a pesticide and wood preservative
Phorate ND ND µg/l
2 Insecticide for sucking insects and larvae’s
Picloram ND ND µg/l
190 Herbicide for broad leaf weed and
brush control on roads Polychlorinated Biphenyls(PCB)
ND ND µg/l
3 Primarily produced by the reaction of chlorine and natural organics
Prometryne ND ND µg/l
1 Herbicide used on select grass and
weeds Simazine ND ND µg/l
10 Herbicide for pre-emergence weed
control
34
Test Parameter Lakeview Result Range
Lorne Park Result Range
Unit of Measure
MAC Parameter Information
Total, Trihalomethanes (NOTE: show latest annual average)
18.7
16.4
µg/l
100
Primarily produced by the reaction of
chlorine and natural organics
Temephos ND ND µg/l
280 Insecticide for mosquito and black fly larvae control
Terbufos ND ND µg/l
1 Insecticide
Tetrachloroethylene ND ND µg/l
30 Industrial solvent
2,3,4,6-Tetrachlorophenol ND ND µg/l
100 Was normally used to preserve wood
Triallate ND ND µg/l
230 Herbicide for wilds oat control in crops
Trichloroethylene ND ND µg/l
50 Industrial solvent
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol ND ND µg/l
5 Pesticide
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4,5-T)
ND ND µg/l
280 Herbicide
Trifluralin ND ND µg/l
45 Herbicide for summer weed control
Vinyl Chloride ND ND µg/l
2 Synthetic chemical used in making PVC
*All organic parameters tested for the year 2008 met all Ontario Drinking Water Standards
35
Appendix B Water Quality At Home Tips
Water Quality
Concern Possible Cause Suggested Solutions
Chorine Odor and Taste
• Chlorine getting combined with organics
• Chlorination of new watermains • Effects of new plumbing • Change of residency as chlorine
concentration varies from location to location
Chlorine is necessary to control disease-causing organisms. To minimize the chlorine taste and smell in water;
• Fill a pitcher and let it stand in the refrigerator overnight • Blend the water for 5 minutes or pour between containers
about 10 times • Boil the water, let it cool down and then refrigerate • Home plumbing may be flushed for a minute before water
use (especially in the mornings, after water stands in the lines overnight)
Musty/Earthy /Sour/
Grassy/Foul Odor
• Algae that bloom in the lake in the summer produces a metabolite called ‘geosmin’, which causes musty/earthy odor
• Dead-end watermains or areas with low water demand
• Poorly maintained hot water tanks • Faucet Aerators/Screens and sink
drains
• The algae are harmless and although the water may not be aesthetically pleasing, it is safe.
• Clean faucet aerators and screens on frequent basis • Hot water tanks should be flushed periodically (every 2 to
3 years) to remove rust and scale • Refrain from flushing solids/organics down the drain;
stagnant wastewater in the drain may generate foul odors and potentially plug the drain
Milky/Cloudy Water
• Air trapped in water due to water main breaks, water temperature or pressure change, plumbing work, construction work in the area, water shut-offs
• Hot water tank temperature may be set for too high
• Run all cold water taps at once for a couple of minutes to flush the lines and release the air
• Lower the hot water tank temperature if above 140F(60C)
Blue/Green Stains on Fixtures
• Copper in water due to copper plumbing
• Run water for 30 seconds to reduce the effects of local plumbing (metal concentration) prior to water consumption
• Keep fixtures dry and drip-free
Brown/Dirty Water
Change in water flow due to: • Watermain break • Hydrant use • Local Fire • Dead ends • Poorly maintained hot water tanks
• Open cold water faucets and flush water for 5 to 10 minutes, until clear
• Refrain from doing laundry to prevent clothes staining • Hot water tank should be flushed periodically (every 2 to
3 years)
White Flakes/Particles
• Flakes are scale caused by hardness • Faulty or disintegrating hot water
tank tubing or lining
• Can be reduced by frequent cleaning of faucet aerators/screens and/or frequent flushing of hot water tanks
• Contact the hot water tank company
36
What are my water characteristics?
Test Parameter
Lakeview Result Range
Lorne Park Result Range
Unit of Measure
MAC Parameter Information
Alkalinity 83.5-89.6 82.2-87.4 mg/l (CaCO3)
30-500 Water resistance to effects of acids added to water
Conductivity @25C
313-387 317-435 µS/cm
Related to inorganic’s dissolved in water
Hardness 117-128 117-127 mg/l
80-100
Naturally occurring
Total Dissolved solids
185-195 185-207 mg/l
500
Refers mainly to inorganic substances dissolved in water
*Sodium 13.9-24.4 15.6-32.2 mg/l
20 Naturally occurring or water softening
Chloride 25-44.6 24.9-57.2 mg/l
250
Non-toxic material naturally present in drinking water.
Iron 0.004-0.123 0.004-0.009 mg/l
In ground water as a result of mineral deposits and chemically reducing underground conditions
Manganese 0.002-0.005 0.002-0.002 mg/l
0.05
In ground water because of chemically reducing underground conditions coupled with presence of manganese mineral deposits
Fluoride 0.360-0.590 0.530-0.660 mg/l
1.5 Added to water in optimum level for control of tooth decay
Zinc 0.013-0.015 0.013-0.013 mg/l
5.0 Is caused for corrosion taking place in galvanized pipes
*The Medical Officer of Health is notified when Sodium concentration exceeds 20 mg/l
37
Frequently Asked Questions and Answers on Water Quality
� Is my water safer to drink?
To protect public health, the Ministry of the Environment has established the Ontario Drinking
Water Standards (ODWS). These objectives help ensure that water used by the public is free
from disease-causing organisms, hazardous amounts of toxic chemicals and radioactive materials.
The Region of Peel is proud to report that it has met these standards in 2008.
� Why do we use so much chlorine?
Chlorine is used to kill bacteria, viruses and other organisms that can cause illness. We are
regulated on the amount required in Ontario Regulation 170/03. We must maintain chlorine at a
minimum level 0.05mg/L and cannot exceed a maximum level of 4 mg/L.
� Is the water hard?
Hardness is typically dissolved calcium and magnesium in the water measured as calcium
carbonate. On heating, hard water has a tendency to form scale deposits and can form excessive
scum with regular soaps. Conversely, soft water may result in accelerated corrosion of water pipes.
The water in the South Peel system is considered to be moderately hard.
� Should I buy a water softener?
The purchase of a water softener is based mostly on personal preferences. Soapsuds are formed
easier with soft water, therefore less detergent is used. The use of a water softener also reduces the
formation of hardness scale in pipes and hot water tanks. Some consumers do not like the feel of
soft water. For example, after rinsing you may still feel a soap film on your skin if you used soft
water.
38
� Why does the water sometimes look “cloudy” or “milky”?
Tiny bubbles of air in the water cause the cloudiness. Those bubbles may also cause the water to
appear white or foamy, similar to the appearance of water in a rushing stream. This does not
indicate any problem and clears when the water is left to sit for a few minutes. This is an aesthetic
not a health concern. If cloudy water does persist, please notify the Region of Peel so that the matter
can be investigated.
� Is fluoride added to my water?
Fluoride is added to the water in Brampton, Mississauga and Bolton. The amount is regulated and is
at a level that prevents tooth decay.
� Why is my kettle stained inside?
The presence of calcium and manganese in the water will stain a kettle. When water is boiled,
calcium and manganese precipitates out of water and deposits on the element and the inner sides of
the kettle. This does not pose a health risk. Staining can be prevented by regular rinsing with
vinegar or lemon juice.
� Why does the water sometimes look “rusty” yellow or Tea like?
Yellow water is a common occurrence. Excessive levels of iron in drinking water may impart a
brownish color, often seen on laundered clothes, plumbing fixtures and the water itself. Running
your tap for a few minutes can clear the color. No health risks are associated with this discoloration.
If you are experiencing problems and your neighbors are not, the hot water tank or the pipes in your
home are likely causing the problem.
39
� Why is lead sometimes present in water?
Lead is a metal that can dissolve in water. Traditionally, lead compounds were used in plumbing
fittings and in solder to join pipes together in water distribution systems. If water stays in a
distribution piping system for long periods of time, lead may dissolve into the water.
� Health Effects of Lead For more information contact Peel Heath at www.region.peel.on.ca
40
Report Accessibility The 2008 annual reports could be viewed on-line http://www.peelregion.ca/pw/water/quality/reports, or
picked up at the Region of Peel Office at 10 Peel Centre Drive, 4th floor, Brampton.
Where can I get more information about drinking water and other related issues?
For information on Water Quality Region of Peel 10 Peel Centre Dr. Brampton ON L6T 4B9 Phone: 905-791-7800 Ext. 4685
Web site: www.peelregion.ca E-mail: [email protected]
For information on Community Lead Testing Program
Region of Peel 10 Peel Centre Dr. Brampton ON L6T 4B9 Phone: 905-791-7800 Ext. 4409 Web site: www.peelregion.ca E-mail: [email protected]
Region of Peel Public Health 44 Peel Centre Dr. Brampton, ON L6T 4B5 Phone: 905-799-7700 Web site: www.region.peel.on.ca
10 Peel Centre Dr. Brampton, ON L6T 4B9 Phone: 905-791-7800 Ext. 4455 Web Site: www.watersmartpeel.ca
Ministry of the Environment Phone: 416-325-4000 Toll-Free: 1-800-565-4923 Web site: www.ene.gov.on.ca
Environment Canada Inquiry Centre Phone: 819-997-2800 Toll-Free:1-800-668-6767 Web Site: www.ec.gc.ca
