South Africa TodaySouth Africa Today

Starter: Brain Warm UpStarter: Brain Warm Up 6 categories starting with…6 categories starting with…

L.O: To explain the impact that colonisation still has on South Africa.

During this lesson - During this lesson -

the boys will not be allowed to talk to anyone, the boys will not be allowed to talk to anyone, especially the girls, unless they are directly especially the girls, unless they are directly addressedaddressed

They will not be allowed to answer questions, They will not be allowed to answer questions, unless they are directly askedunless they are directly asked

They can’t leave the classroom for any reasonThey can’t leave the classroom for any reason

How would you feel if this were How would you feel if this were to actually happen?to actually happen?Boys?Boys?Girls?Girls?

RecapRecap

Share your homework (3,2,1) as a classShare your homework (3,2,1) as a class

Why was the reading called “Sowing the Seed of Why was the reading called “Sowing the Seed of Fear and Hate”?Fear and Hate”?

Why is there mistrust between the four groups of Why is there mistrust between the four groups of people in South Africa.people in South Africa.

Do you think that still exists today?Do you think that still exists today?

Discussion PointsDiscussion Points

What does What does Apartheid Apartheid mean?mean?It means apartness or It means apartness or

separationseparation

Brief History of SABrief History of SA

South Africa became a British Colony in 1806 South Africa became a British Colony in 1806 after the Anglo-Boer Warafter the Anglo-Boer War

Britain exploited the colony for its wealth of Britain exploited the colony for its wealth of diamonds and golddiamonds and gold

In 1913, the Natives’ Land Act was passedIn 1913, the Natives’ Land Act was passed This severely limited the amount of land which This severely limited the amount of land which

black people could ownblack people could own

Like other colonies, South Africa supported Like other colonies, South Africa supported Britain during both world warsBritain during both world wars

The The Apartheid Apartheid laws created various laws created various inequalities between white and black peopleinequalities between white and black people Who do you think benefited from the new laws?Who do you think benefited from the new laws?

The people of South Africa were classified The people of South Africa were classified into different groupsinto different groups White peopleWhite people Black peopleBlack people Coloured peopleColoured people Indian peopleIndian people

Discriminatory Laws of Discriminatory Laws of ApartheidApartheid

Mixed Marriages Act (1949)Mixed Marriages Act (1949) Marriages between people of different races, as Marriages between people of different races, as

defined by the classifications previously defined by the classifications previously mentioned, were bannedmentioned, were banned

Group Areas Act (1950)Group Areas Act (1950) Black people were confined to living in small Black people were confined to living in small

pockets of land – this made up only 14% of the pockets of land – this made up only 14% of the total land in South Africa. There were over 23 total land in South Africa. There were over 23 million black people in South Africamillion black people in South Africa

Where do you think the black people lived Where do you think the black people lived after the Group Areas Act was passed?after the Group Areas Act was passed?

Why do you think the National Party passed Why do you think the National Party passed this law?this law?

Alexandra Township, Alexandra Township, JohannesburgJohannesburg

Discriminatory Laws of Discriminatory Laws of ApartheidApartheid

Pass Book Act (1952)Pass Book Act (1952) Black people had to carry identity cards with Black people had to carry identity cards with

them at all timesthem at all times The police had the power to stop black people The police had the power to stop black people

at random and ask for their pass books. If they at random and ask for their pass books. If they failed to produce the book, they were arrestedfailed to produce the book, they were arrested

Imagine you are a black person living in Imagine you are a black person living in South Africa during South Africa during ApartheidApartheid. How would . How would you react to these laws?you react to these laws?

Do these laws remind you of a European Do these laws remind you of a European leader?leader?

The Fight Against The Fight Against ApartheidApartheid

The African National The African National Congress (ANC) was Congress (ANC) was formed in 1912formed in 1912

They became the They became the champions for the equality champions for the equality of blacksof blacks They wanted to gain full They wanted to gain full

citizenship for the black citizenship for the black population of South Africapopulation of South Africa

Tactics used by the Tactics used by the ANCANC

In 1952, the ANC launched its In 1952, the ANC launched its Campaign for Campaign for the Defiance of Unjust Lawsthe Defiance of Unjust Laws This was a policy of mass civil disobedienceThis was a policy of mass civil disobedience

What laws do you think they broke during this What laws do you think they broke during this act of disobedience?act of disobedience? They broke the Pass Book Law, they entered They broke the Pass Book Law, they entered

public buildings using the ‘Whites Only’ public buildings using the ‘Whites Only’ entrance and they demanded service at ‘White entrance and they demanded service at ‘White Only’ counters in post offices and shopsOnly’ counters in post offices and shops

Nelson MandelaNelson Mandela

Mandela was actively involved in the ANCMandela was actively involved in the ANC

During the 1952 Campaign, Mandela was During the 1952 Campaign, Mandela was elected the National Volunteer in Chiefelected the National Volunteer in Chief By the end of the year he was Deputy President By the end of the year he was Deputy President

of the ANCof the ANC

Throughout the Campaign of 1952, Mandela Throughout the Campaign of 1952, Mandela travelled around South Africa organising travelled around South Africa organising resistance to resistance to ApartheidApartheid

As a result, he was arrested, given a As a result, he was arrested, given a suspended sentence and told he could not suspended sentence and told he could not leave Johannesburgleave Johannesburg

Sharpeville MassacreSharpeville Massacre

21 March 1960 – a demonstration, organised 21 March 1960 – a demonstration, organised by the Pan African Conference, took place by the Pan African Conference, took place outside the Sharpeville police stationoutside the Sharpeville police station They were protesting against the Pass Book LawThey were protesting against the Pass Book Law

There were 5000 demonstrators, made up of There were 5000 demonstrators, made up of men, women and childrenmen, women and children

It is unclear if the protesters were peaceful It is unclear if the protesters were peaceful during the entire demonstration or if they during the entire demonstration or if they were threatening violencewere threatening violence

Regardless, the police fired upon the crowd, Regardless, the police fired upon the crowd, killing 69 and wounding 186killing 69 and wounding 186

A photo of the scene after the police had fired upon the A photo of the scene after the police had fired upon the demonstratorsdemonstrators

Fighting Back – Guerrilla Fighting Back – Guerrilla Warfare Warfare

The Sharpeville Massacre brought an end to The Sharpeville Massacre brought an end to non-violent protestnon-violent protest Mandela actively encouraged blacks to use Mandela actively encouraged blacks to use

violent methods to gain their civil rightsviolent methods to gain their civil rights

As a result of this call, the National Party As a result of this call, the National Party arrested Mandela in 1964arrested Mandela in 1964 This was out of the fear that he may begin a This was out of the fear that he may begin a

revolutionrevolution

The end of resistance?The end of resistance?

Mandela was sentenced Mandela was sentenced to life imprisonment at to life imprisonment at Robben CampRobben Camp He remained in solitary He remained in solitary

confinement for 20 years confinement for 20 years

Was his imprisonment Was his imprisonment the end of resistance to the end of resistance to ApartheidApartheid??

A slow end to A slow end to ApartheidApartheid

Under Prime Minister PW Botha, small laws Under Prime Minister PW Botha, small laws were made which returned some freedom to were made which returned some freedom to the black communitythe black community In 1986, the Pass Laws were removed; black In 1986, the Pass Laws were removed; black

townships were encouraged to elect their own townships were encouraged to elect their own councils and he got rid of the separate councils and he got rid of the separate entrances, benches, beaches and jobs for black entrances, benches, beaches and jobs for black peoplepeople

Do you think these reforms would have been Do you think these reforms would have been enough to appease the black population? enough to appease the black population? No, it caused many of the anti-apartheid groups No, it caused many of the anti-apartheid groups

to launch a joint attack on Botha’s policiesto launch a joint attack on Botha’s policies For the first time, this group included white For the first time, this group included white

South AfricansSouth Africans

Nelson Mandela FreedNelson Mandela Freed

During his 20 years in prison, Mandela became During his 20 years in prison, Mandela became a worldwide symbol of the anti-a worldwide symbol of the anti-ApartheidApartheid movement movement Glasgow City Council, in an attempt to embarrass Glasgow City Council, in an attempt to embarrass

the South African government, renamed the the South African government, renamed the street which their consulate to Nelson Mandela street which their consulate to Nelson Mandela PlacePlace

In 1990, President de Klerk gave into In 1990, President de Klerk gave into international pressure, released Mandela and international pressure, released Mandela and lifted the ban on the ANClifted the ban on the ANC

His release was followed by the abandonment His release was followed by the abandonment of the remaining of the remaining Apartheid Apartheid lawslaws

Post-Post-ApartheidApartheid

Upon his release, Mandela continued to Upon his release, Mandela continued to fight for true democracy in South Africafight for true democracy in South AfricaHowever, he did not fight racism with racismHowever, he did not fight racism with racism

In 1994, South Africa witnessed its first In 1994, South Africa witnessed its first truly democratic elections – people of truly democratic elections – people of every race was given the right to voteevery race was given the right to vote

The ANC won and Mandela was made the The ANC won and Mandela was made the first black President of South Africafirst black President of South Africa

Video AnalysisVideo Analysis

Watch the video:Watch the video:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FBk2aWucHM0

Poster CreationPoster Creation

Using the ‘Strip Design’ app create Using the ‘Strip Design’ app create your own poster for Freedom Day, 27your own poster for Freedom Day, 27thth April.April.

You must have some images or text You must have some images or text that talks about South Africa’s historythat talks about South Africa’s history

You must explain what Apartheid is.You must explain what Apartheid is.