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Sound is a form of energy that is created by vibrations passing through matter.Click Above for
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Sound travels in waves through all forms of matter, solids, liquids and gases.
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Sound can not travel through a empty space, or a vacuum.
Sound travels fastest through solids and slowest through gases.
The top of a sound wave is called a crest or a peak, while the bottom of a sound wave is called a trough.
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Musical Instruments create different sounds based on different parts of the instrument vibrating. Complete the following chart:
String Instruments
Vibrating Strings
Examples (2):ViolinCello
Woodwind Instruments
Vibrating reed and air
Examples (2):Fluteclarinet
Brass Instruments
Vibrating air Examples (2):TrumpetTuba
Percussion Instruments
Vibrating surface
Examples (2):DrumCymbals
Singers produce sound because their vocal cords vibrate.
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Male singers tend to have deeper singing voices because their vocal cords are thicker and longer than female singers.
An oscilloscope is a machine that is used to show pictures of sound waves.
PITCH•The pitch of a sound refers to how high or low the sound is.
•Pitch is related to the length of a wave.
•A high pitch produces a wave that has a short wavelength.
•The higher the pitch, the higher the frequency.
•A low pitch produces a wave that has a long wavelength.
•The lower the pitch, the lower the frequency.
•Frequency is measured in Hertz (Hz).
•PITCH (click on the word PITCH for video clip)
PITCH
•The shorter the string on an instrument, the higher the pitch.
•If the string is lengthened, the pitch will become lower.
VOLUME
•The volume of a sound refers to how loud or soft a sound is.
•Volume is related to the height of a wave.
•A loud volume produces a tall wave.
•The louder the volume, the greater the amount of energy being used.
•A soft volume produces a short wave.
•The softer the volume, the lower the amount of energy being used.
•Volume is measured in decibels (dB).
•VOLUME (click on the word VOLUME for video clip)
Submarines use sonar to measure their depth in the ocean.
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Sonar is a system that uses transmitted and reflected sound waves to learn how far away an object is in water.
A reflected sound wave is called an echo.
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Materials that are hard and smooth are more likely to reflect sounds.
Materials that are soft and textured are more likely to absorb sounds.
Echolocation
Bats and dolphins are just a few animals that use echolocation to communicate.
The bones in the ear that carry sound are the hammer, the anvil, and the stirrup.
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