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SOTERIA meeting, Saariselkä 22.3.2009. The chemical composition of the middle atmosphere - a nowcasting product based on irradiance observations of the experiments LYRA/PROBA2 and PREMOS/PICARD - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The chemical composition of the middle atmosphere - a nowcasting product based on irradiance observations of the experiments
LYRA/PROBA2 and PREMOS/PICARD
Werner Schmutz1), Tanja Egorova1), Eugene Rozanov1), Alexander Shapiro1), Anna Shapiro1),
Manfred Vogel2)1) Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos and
World Radiation Center (PMOD/WRC), Davos, Switzerland2) Institut für 4D–Technologien, Hochschule für Technik FHNW, Windisch,
Switzerland
SOTERIA meeting, Saariselkä 22.3.2009
22.3.2009
Overview
• The PMOD/WRC space projects– LYRA/PROBA2– PREMOS/PICARD
• The nowcasting project• Current additions to SOCOLi
22.3.2009
LYRA
3 units12
detectors
24 LEDs…
315.0 x 92.5 x 222.0 mm~A4 size
5.0 kg
1 unit = 4 w
avelength
channels
22.3.2009
LYRA (FM March 2006)
BESSY synchrotron calibration at PTB
22.3.2009
LYRA integration on PROBA2 5.3.2007
Launch 15. July 2009
22.3.2009
Filter Radiometers
LYRA/PROBA2 (launch July 2009 ?!)
PREMOS-PFR/PICARD (launch 2009 or early 2010)
LYRA: 30 (Zr), 70 (Al), 125, 210210 nm
PREMOS: 215215, 266, 535, 607, 782
nm
22.3.2009
UV influence on the terrestrial atmosphere
Ozone mixing ratio changes (%) due to a 10% increase of the spectral solar flux in 1 wavelength bin (1 nm).
Ozone Herzberg band
210 nm
Ozone band 270 nm
Ly
30 km: level of max. ozone
change
22.3.2009
LYRA Instrumenton PROBA2(built by ROB &
PMOD/WRC)
Chemistry ionosphereclimate model
(CICM)extension of CCM SOCOL
(Egorova et al., 2005)
On-line LYRA datafor space-weather
community
LYRA/PROBA2
22.3.2009
Project idea
Nowcast of neutral and ion composition in the
mesosphere based on solar irradiance measurements
Hourly/Daily Data fromobservations by
PREMOS, LYRA, SORCE
Radiation spectrumreconstruction120-680 nm
(Egorova et al., 2008,ACP)
Nowcast of anomalies of neutraland charged species
with free running CICM SOCOLi
Nowcast results available on web
every 6 hoursOutput validation
to improve the model and experimental set-up
Evaluate the response of the middle atmosphere to the solar UV irradiance variability
22.3.2009
Aim of Nowcast
• Find out how well we understand the solar influence on the middle atmosphere;
• Learn how to provide near-real-time operation;
• Space Weather Service is secondary goal but may become interesting if successful !
22.3.2009
LYRA measurements:6-hourly solar irradiance at
115-125 nm (Lyman-)200-220 nm (Herzberg cont.)
Spectral irradiance for other wavelengthsMeasurements for previous month
Statistical tools
Input of spectral solar irradiance on model spectral grid for the next 6 hours
Data flow
22.3.2009
Status PMOD/WRC project Model SOCOLi is developed Getting ready for „operational service“ after PROBA 2 launch
Develop data flow; automatic modelling, and tool to browse the result via link available through European Space Weather Portal web page
Publications: – Egorova T. et al. 2004, GRL 31, L06119: Chemical and dynamical
response to the 11-year variability of the solar irradiance simulated with a chemistry-climate Model
– Egorova T. et al. 2005, COSPAR, Adv. Space Res. 35, 451-457: Influence of solar 11-year variability on chemical composition of the stratosphere and mesosphere simulated with a chemistry-climate model
– Rozanov E., Egorova T., Schmutz W., Peter T., 2006, J. Atm. Sol.-Terr. Phys. 68, 2203–2213, Simulation of the stratospheric ozone and temperature response to the solar irradiance variability during sun rotation cycle
– Egorova et al. 2008, ACP 8, 2965-2973, Nowcast and short-term forecast in the middle atmosphere based on the observed UV irradiance.
22.3.2009
SOCOL : modeling tool to study SOlar-Climate-Ozone LinksGeneral Circulation component (GCM): MA-ECHAM4 (Manzini & McFarlane,1998)Chemistry/transport component (CTM) : MEZON (Egorova et al., 2003)
GCM CTM
•Winds and temperature•H2O (troposphere)
•Ozone•H2O(stratosphere)
Main properties: ~4ºx4º (T30); L39; ~80km
Included all relevant physical, dynamical and chemical processes
Simulates wind, temperature, 43 neutral and 48 charged species
CICM SOCOL
22.3.2009
Spectral solar irradiance on model spectral grid for the next 6 hours
Initial fields for 10 ensemble members
10-member model ensemble run
for the next 6 hours
Model output for the next 6 hours
Initialization fields forthe next period
Experimental setup
22.3.2009
Mixing ratio of the neutral species and electrons, negative and positive ions density
for the 6 hour period after the last LYRA measurementand their statistical properties
OO+,+, O O22++, O, O44
++, N, N++, NO, NO++, N, N22++, H, H22OO22
++, H, H33OO++,O,O22++∙N∙N22, O, O22
++∙H∙H22O, HO, H33OO++∙OH, NO∙OH, NO++∙H∙H22O, O, NONO++∙(H∙(H22O)O)22, NO, NO++∙(H∙(H22O)O)33, NO, NO++∙CO∙CO22, NO, NO++∙N∙N22, NO, NO++∙H∙H22O∙COO∙CO22, NO, NO++∙H∙H22O∙NO∙N22, , NONO++∙(H∙(H22O)O)22∙CO∙CO22, NO, NO++∙(H∙(H22O)O)22∙N∙N22, H, H++∙(H∙(H22O)O)22, H, H++∙(H∙(H22O)O)33, H, H++∙(H∙(H22O)O)44, H, H++∙(H∙(H22O)O)55, , HH++∙(H∙(H22O)O)66, H, H++∙(H∙(H22O)O)77, H, H33OO++∙CO∙CO22, H, H33OO++∙N∙N22, H, H++∙(H∙(H22O)O)22∙CO∙CO22, H, H++∙(H∙(H22O)O)22∙N∙N22
e¯,O¯, Oe¯,O¯, O22¯, O¯, O33¯, O¯, O44¯, OH¯, CO¯, OH¯, CO33¯, CO¯, CO44¯, NO¯, NO22¯, NO¯, NO33¯, HCO¯, HCO33¯, ClO¯, Cl¯, ¯, ClO¯, Cl¯, CHCH33¯,O¯,O22¯∙H¯∙H22O, NOO, NO33¯∙H¯∙H22O, COO, CO33¯∙H¯∙H22OO
OO33 , O , O** , O , O , O , O22**, NO, HO, NO, HO22, ClO, NO, ClO, NO22 , OH, NO , OH, NO33, N, N22OO55, HNO, HNO33,HONO,HONO33, ClONO, ClONO22, ,
Cl, N, NCl, N, N**, H, H22OO22, H, HOCl, Cl, H, HOCl, Cl22, Cl, Cl22OO22, HCl ,Br, CH, HCl ,Br, CH22O, BrO, HBr, HOBr, BrNOO, BrO, HBr, HOBr, BrNO33, ,
BrCl, CHBrCl, CH33, CH, CH33OO22, CH, CH33O, HCO, CHO, HCO, CH33OO22H, HH, H22O, CFC-11, CFC-12, NO, CFC-11, CFC-12, N22O, CHO, CH44, CO, , CO,
HH22, CBrF, CBrF33
Output data
4DLocation, height, and time
22.3.2009
Positive ions
Negative ionsNegative ionsand electronsand electrons
NeutralsNeutrals
Graphs: Exp1-Graphs: Exp1-Exp2Exp2
1)1) Solar maximum Solar maximum with GCR at min + with GCR at min + NO ionizationNO ionization
2)2) Solar minimum Solar minimum control with GCR at control with GCR at max + NO max + NO ionizationionization
Model sensitivity to the changes of the solar spectral irradiance from minimum to maximum of the solar activity
22.3.2009
SUSIM data
SOCOL SOCOL calculationscalculations
Microwave Radiometer SOMORA :
Data provided byBern University
N.Kämpfer group
Red: Ly-alphaBlue: Herzberg
(scaled)
Comparison 3D simulation and observations: signal of 27-day solar cycle in ozone
22.3.2009
Latest update: SEP effects
Time-altitude distribution differences at 70-90 N relative to SEP effects turned off
Summary• SWAP (0.1 Hz) + LYRA (60 Hz) on
PROBA2 provide the EUV equivalent in Europe of the NOAA SXI + GOES X-ray monitor 2009-2011
• SODISM + PREMOS on PICARD will continue in the near UV and visual 2009/2010-2012