Sonnets, Odes, Free Verse, Sonnets, Odes, Free Verse, and Folk Songsand Folk Songs

The Styles of the Week!The Styles of the Week!

SonnetsSonnets

Comes from the Italian word Comes from the Italian word sonetto sonetto

First introduced in English by First introduced in English by Thomas Wyatt in the 1500sThomas Wyatt in the 1500s

Used by Victorian poets (who Used by Victorian poets (who didn’t like them?)didn’t like them?)

Made very famous by people Made very famous by people like Shakespearelike Shakespeare

Form: Three quatrains (def.) Form: Three quatrains (def.) and a couplet (def.) in iambic and a couplet (def.) in iambic pentameterpentameter

The couplet is meant to be The couplet is meant to be different from the rest of the different from the rest of the poempoem

Rhyme scheme of a-b-a-b, c-Rhyme scheme of a-b-a-b, c-d-c-d, e-f-e-f, g-gd-c-d, e-f-e-f, g-g

An Example of a SonnetAn Example of a SonnetShakespeare’s Sonnet 116-Shakespeare’s Sonnet 116-

Let me not to the marriage of true mindsLet me not to the marriage of true mindsAdmit impediments. Love is not loveAdmit impediments. Love is not loveWhich alters when it alteration finds,Which alters when it alteration finds,

Or bends with the remover to remove.Or bends with the remover to remove.

O no, it is an ever fixed markO no, it is an ever fixed markThat looks on tempests and is never That looks on tempests and is never

shaken;shaken;It is the star to every wand’ring barque,It is the star to every wand’ring barque,Whose worth’s unknown although his Whose worth’s unknown although his

height be taken.height be taken.

Love’s not time’s fool, though rosy lips Love’s not time’s fool, though rosy lips and cheeksand cheeks

Within his bending sickle’s compass Within his bending sickle’s compass come;come;

Love alters not with his brief hours and Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks,weeks,

But bears it out even to the edge of But bears it out even to the edge of doom.doom.

If this be error and upon me proved,If this be error and upon me proved,I never writ, nor no man ever loved.I never writ, nor no man ever loved.

OdesOdes

A poem of enthusiastic A poem of enthusiastic emotionemotion

Lyric poem of lengthLyric poem of length Subject of the poem is Subject of the poem is

often something that has often something that has been lostbeen lost

Could be sungCould be sung Began writing them in Began writing them in

1500s1500s Important odes were Important odes were

written in the 1700swritten in the 1700s Shelley, Keats, and Shelley, Keats, and

Byron were famous Byron were famous Romantic poets Romantic poets

Example of an OdeExample of an Ode

““Ode to Autumn” – John KeatsOde to Autumn” – John Keats

Season of mists and mellow fruitfulness!Season of mists and mellow fruitfulness!

Close bosom-friend of the maturing sun;Close bosom-friend of the maturing sun;

Conspiring with the him how to load and Conspiring with the him how to load and blessbless

With fruit the vines that round the With fruit the vines that round the thatch-thatch- eaves run…eaves run…

Free Verse PoemsFree Verse Poems

Does not rhymeDoes not rhyme Rhythm and cadence Rhythm and cadence

vary throughoutvary throughout Originated in France in Originated in France in

the 19the 19thth century century Made famous by a Made famous by a

variety of poets, but variety of poets, but Walt Whitman (1840s-Walt Whitman (1840s-1890s) was first 1890s) was first famous American to do famous American to do itit

Example of Free VerseExample of Free Verse

““I Hear America Singing” – Walt WhitmanI Hear America Singing” – Walt WhitmanI hear America singing, the varied carols I hear;I hear America singing, the varied carols I hear;Those of mechanics-each one singing his, as itThose of mechanics-each one singing his, as itshould be, blithe and strong;should be, blithe and strong;The carpenter singing his, as he measures hisThe carpenter singing his, as he measures hisplank or bam,plank or bam,The mason singing his, as he makes ready forThe mason singing his, as he makes ready forwork, or leaves off work;work, or leaves off work;The boatman singing what belongs to him in his The boatman singing what belongs to him in his boat – the deckhand singing on the steamboat boat – the deckhand singing on the steamboat

deck…deck…

Folk SongsFolk Songs

Existed since the late Existed since the late 1800s 1800s

Often sung by a single Often sung by a single person with a guitar or person with a guitar or other instrumentother instrument

About changes in society About changes in society or revolutionor revolution

Songs that fight for Songs that fight for working people and the working people and the poorpoor

Often take on topics and Often take on topics and politics of the day in a politics of the day in a poetic mannerpoetic manner

Example of a Folk SongExample of a Folk Song

““The Times They are A-Changing” – Bob The Times They are A-Changing” – Bob DylanDylanCome mothers and fathers throughout the land.Come mothers and fathers throughout the land.

And don’t criticize what you can’t understand.And don’t criticize what you can’t understand.

Your sons and your daughters are beyond your Your sons and your daughters are beyond your command. command.

Your old road is rapidly aging.Your old road is rapidly aging.

Please get out of the new one if you can’t lend Please get out of the new one if you can’t lend your hand,your hand,

For the times, they are a-changing.For the times, they are a-changing.

Blues SongsBlues Songs

Originated with African-Originated with African-American slaves in the American slaves in the 1800s1800s

Songs about leaving and Songs about leaving and sufferingsuffering

Became popular in the early Became popular in the early 1920s as popular music1920s as popular music

Themes: traveling, cheating Themes: traveling, cheating partners, bad luck, being partners, bad luck, being pushed around, fighting pushed around, fighting against injusticeagainst injustice

Typically take an A-A-B Typically take an A-A-B pattern, in which the first pattern, in which the first two lines repeattwo lines repeat

Example of a Blues SongsExample of a Blues Songs

““Dust My Broom” – Robert JohnsonDust My Broom” – Robert Johnson

Get up in the mornin,’ I believe I’ll dust Get up in the mornin,’ I believe I’ll dust my broom.my broom.

Get up in the mornin,’ I believe I’ll dust Get up in the mornin,’ I believe I’ll dust my broom.my broom.

Quit the best gal I been lovin,’ my best Quit the best gal I been lovin,’ my best friend he can have my room. friend he can have my room.