INSPIRATIONAL CASE STUDYSomething That Moves SomethingSomething That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architectInstructors guidelines:

Goals:Ground students in the idea of something that moves something.Provide some inspiration for students final projects.

Ask students:What does something that moves something mean?1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architect

THE BUTTERFLY EFFECTHOW IS THIS RELATED?SHIFTING FORCE FROM ONE PLACE TO ANOTHER.Instructors guidelines:

Ask students:How does the butterfly effect relate to something that moves something?

Explain:It relates to the idea of shifting force from one place to another.

1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architectEXAMPLE #1

Something that moves something:Centripetal force causes movement in the stem (the central axis) and wings by shifting force from one place to anotherInstructors guidelines:

Ask students:Can you explain the forces that initiate this movement?How does this diagram demonstrate something that moves something?

Explain:Centripetal force causes movement in the stem (the central axis) and wings by shifting force from one place to another.

1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architectEXAMPLE #2

Something that moves something:The diagram shows a cylinder of elements (figure 1).A rotation of one element causes a rotation of rest of the elements. As The order of the elements changes, the cylinder form is twisted (figures 2 and 3).An additional rotation will cause the cylinder to return to its original state (figure 4). Instructors guidelines:

Ask students:Can you explain the forces that initiate this movement?How does the diagram demonstrate something that move something?

Explain:The diagram shows a cylinder of elements (figure 1).A rotation of one element causes a rotation of rest of the elements. As The order of the elements changes, the cylinder form is twisted (figures 2 and 3).An additional rotation will cause the cylinder to return to its original state (figure 4).

Emphasize:The movement of one element leads to movement of the entire system. The first step in planning your 3D model is understanding how the system works. We will learn about this further in the gear systems unit.

1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architectEXAMPLE #3

Something that moves something:The diagram shows an array of adjacent elements acting as a single surface.Pulling one element causes all of the elements to move.This initial movement transforms the shape of the whole model. Instructors guidelines:

Ask students:Can you explain the forces that initiate this movement?How does this diagram explain the something that move something idea?

Explain:The diagram shows an array of adjacent elements acting as a single surface.Pulling one element causes all of the elements to move.This initial movement transforms the shape of the whole model.

1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architectEXAMPLE #4Something that moves something:BlossomRichard Clarkson/Vimeohttp://vimeo.com/84466106

Instructors guidelines:

Show the video: http://vimeo.com/84466106

Explain:

Similar to nature, materials can be distributed seamlessly within objects for structural and functional advantage. Blossom explores the blending of two materials with varying physical properties transitioning from flexible to rigid. The variation offers an opportunity to generate complex forms and dynamic structures that are impossible to make by any other means. The research into applications of these Digital Materials has resulted in what is believed to be the worlds first inflatable 3D print. Forcing air into the cavities of the print causes it to bloom and thereby reveal the complexity of its physical structure. 1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architectBlossoms ExampleSimilar to nature, materials can be distributed seamlessly within objects for structural and functional advantage. Blossom explores the blending of two materials with varying physical properties transitioning from flexible to rigid. The variation offers an opportunity to generate complex forms and dynamic structures that are impossible to make by any other means. The research into applications of these Digital Materials has resulted in what is believed to be the worlds first inflatable 3D print. Forcing air into the cavities of the print causes it to bloom and thereby reveal the complexity of its physical structure.

WHAT OTHER EXAMPLES CAN YOU THINK OF?Instructors guidelines:

Explain:The previous slides showed several implementations of the something that moves something idea.

Ask students:What other examples can you think of?

Explain:In future units, we will see examples of: Gear systemsDynamic surfacesSound printingLiquid dynamics

1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architectCASE STUDYIn Part 1, we discussed the idea of something that moves something. The following case study offers some inspiration for the students final project.

The Spinning Top Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architectSomething That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architectInstructors guidelines:

In Part 1, we discussed the idea of something that moves something. The following case study offers some inspiration for the students final project.1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architect

CAD MODEL AND PHYSICAL OBJECTInstructors guidelines:

Explain:This photo shows a CAD model and a physical model side-by-side.1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architect

DEMONSTRATIONInstructors guidelines:

Demonstrate:If you have printed it, demonstrate the spinning top. Pass it around the classroom so students can have a closer look.

1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architectTHE MAKING PROCESSDesign Thinking philosophy developed at Stanford UniversityFINAL PRODUCTPROTOTYPEIDEATEDEFINEInstructors guidelines:

Explain:

The process shown here is based on the Design Thinking philosophy developed at Stanford University.Were omitting the empathy step and calling this The Making Process. This is because our challenge focuses on making an object that shifts force from one place to another, as opposed to designing something for a specific purpose or need.1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architect

1. DEFINEThe inspiration:A daughters dressThe designers of the spinning top model wanted to relate their project to everyday life. While brainstorming, one of them realized that his daughter loves the movement of her dress when she spins; she tries to create a perfect circle with it. The designers realized that centripetal force can be used in their project as well. Centripetal force causes movement of linked elements. Instructors guidelines:

Explain:

The designers of the spinning top model wanted to relate their project to everyday life. While brainstorming, one of them realized that his daughter loves the movement of her dress when she spins; she tries to create a perfect circle with it. The designers realized that centripetal force can be used in their project as well. Centripetal force causes movement of linked elements.

1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architect

1. DEFINEThe inspiration:A daughters dress

Something that movesSomething challenge:

3D printed object, in one piece, Without assembly.

Create a spinning objectthat changes form while rotatingInstructors guidelines:

Explain:

To address the something that moves something challenge, they wanted to create a spinning object that would change its form while rotating.The object needed to be 3D printed in one piece without assembly.

1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architectTHE MAKING PROCESSFINAL PRODUCTPROTOTYPEIDEATEDEFINEBrainstorm and consider approaches to implementationInstructors guidelines:

Explain:In the ideate step we use insights weve gathered in the define step to:Start brainstorming visual optionsStart considering approaches to implementation1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architect2. IDEATEThe idea:A spinning top

Instructors guidelines:

Explain:To the designers of the 3D printed spinning top, a this sort of object seemed ideal challenges (as described in the define step): Changing the models form while rotating. 1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architect

2. IDEATEThe idea: A spinning topThe approach: Instructors guidelines:

Explain This diagram was created during the first stage of the project.The diagram shows how the spinning top can change its form while rotating. In order to meet the challenge, the designer needed to visualize and understand the working process of the system.

Ask students:Can you explain how the system works according to the diagram shown?

Explain:The model consists of one vertical stem and wings that surround it (figure 1). The top is steadied and rests with its bottom tip touching the floor (figure 1). It is put into a spin motion by twisting the top stem with a snap and releasing. The movement of the spinning top around a central axis creates energy that causes the wings to move upwards. The movement of the wings around the central axis helps balance the rotation (figures 2 and 3).Eventually, the top begins to wobble and goes back to its original position (figure 4). 1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architect

HOW WOULD YOU APPROACH THIS CHALLENGE?Instructors guidelines:

Ask students:How would you approach this challenge?

Emphasize:There are multiple ways to initiate the prototyping stage. Some may choose to:Start with a computer modelConstruct a physical model. Research materials and parts. This is an important stage to check the feasibility of the model.

Explain:For the project shown in this case study, the designers began prototyping using simple tools like cardboard, scissors and glue.From the cardboard model, the designers gained the following insights: The wings should be a certain weight and size for good lift. The connection points between the wings and the central stem should be flexible and not fragile. The stem should be balanced while rotating and at rest.By the end of the rotation, the model should return to its original state.

1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architectHow would you meet the challenge?There are multiple ways to initiate the prototyping stage. Some may choose to:Start with a computer modelConstruct a physical model. Research materials and parts. This is an important stage to check the feasibility of the model.

For the project shown in this case study, the designers began prototyping using simple tools like cardboard, scissors and glue.From the cardboard model, the designers gained the following insights: The wings should be a certain weight and size for good lift. The connection points between the wings and the central stem should be flexible and not fragile. The stem should be balanced while rotating and at rest.By the end of the rotation, the model should return to its original state. THE MAKING PROCESSFINAL PRODUCTPROTOTYPEIDEATEDEFINEFABRICATECAD CAMCHOOSE TECHNOLOGYTESTInstructors guidelines:

Explain:The prototype step encompasses trial and error.We will explore prototyping from three perspectives: technology, CAD/CAM and fabrication.

Emphasize:The design process isnt linear. For example, if during the process we realize we need to choose a different technology or change the parameters in the CAD, we may need to go back to ideation or even defining.The experience is often more important than the result. While initial approaches may lead to failure, they will also challenge us and teach us a lot in the process.

1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architect3. PROTOTYPEA. Choosing technologyWhat fabrication tools are available? Which are ideal?

Instructors guidelines:Before prototyping, we should know which fabrication tools are available to us. 1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architect3. PROTOTYPE

A. Choosing technologyWhat fabrication tools are available? Which are ideal?

What are the advantages of 3D printing? Of traditional technologies? Which would you choose?Why?

Instructors guidelines:

Ask students the questions shown on the slide.

Explain:Well usually use the most accessible technology. But If we can choose between technologies, well consider what tools and materials will best fit the design (considering cost, time and efficiency). Advantages of 3D printing include:Freedom of design.Ability to print functional parts that require no assembly.Reduced need for human laborReduced cost, in many cases, when compared with traditional technologies, especially for low quantitiesLess time to produceLess wasteFaster manufacturing tools good for creating a prototype for mass productionAdvantages of traditional include:Mass production (because of the marginal cost which reduces with mass production). Well-established in the industryFor this project, designers used 2 different 3D printing technologies: PolyJet and FDM. At first they didnt consider the differences between them. Later, they had to make adjustments to the design files for each technology.

1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architectPrototypeWell usually use the most accessible technology. But If we can choose between technologies, well consider what tools and materials will best fit the design (considering cost, time and efficiency). Advantages of 3D printing include:Freedom of design.Ability to print functional parts that require no assembly.Reduced need for human laborReduced cost, in many cases, when compared with traditional technologies, especially for low quantitiesLess time to produceLess wasteFaster manufacturing tools good for creating a prototype for mass productionAdvantages of traditional include:Mass production (because of the marginal cost which reduces with mass production). Well-established in the industryFor this project, designers used 2 different 3D printing technologies: PolyJet and FDM. At first they didnt consider the differences between them. Later, they had to make adjustments to the design files for each technology.

3. PROTOTYPEB. CAD to CAMWhat design parameters should be considered?

Instructors guidelines:

Ask students:What CAD/CAM design parameters do you think the designers had to consider to meet their challenge (something that moves something, without assembly)?Explain: The designers had to consider:Material thickness and strengthTaking technology and materials into account, determine the minimum thickness for all elements to avoid material waste and reduce total weightTolerance Maintain a gap between parts to enable movement and stability without breaking.Support removal Plan for support removal during the design phase. In this example, the designer included releasing holes in the wings. Wing weightAdjust to ensure that wingslift while rotatingcontribute to the spinning effectremain intact while rotatingStem height and thickness for optimal rotationPosition and orientation of the printed model and the layering positionExplain that the next slides will show examples of some of the challenges the designers had to face with this challenge.

1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architectPrototypeWhat CAD/CAM design parameters do you think the designers had to consider to meet their challenge (something that moves something, without assembly)?

The designers had to consider:Material thickness and strengthTaking technology and materials into account, determine the minimum thickness for all elements to avoid material waste and reduce total weightTolerance Maintain a gap between parts to enable movement and stability without breaking.Support removal Plan for support removal during the design phase. In this example, the designer included releasing holes in the wings. Wing weightAdjust to ensure that wingslift while rotatingcontribute to the spinning effectremain intact while rotatingStem height and thickness for optimal rotationPosition and orientation of the printed model and the layering positionthe next slides will show examples of some of the challenges the designers had to face with this challenge. B. CAD to CAMWhat design parameters should be considered?

ToleranceThe gaps between parts

0.50 mm3. PROTOTYPEInstructors guidelines:

CAD parameters:

Explain:When designing interlocked parts, we need to consider the gap between elements to allow for movement and prevent breakage.The image shown is the CAD design showing the tolerance value for FDM technology. 1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architect

3. PROTOTYPEB. CAD to CAMWhat design parameters should be considered?

ToleranceThe gaps between partsSupport removalWays to remove support from hard-to-reach placesInstructors guidelines:

Explain:With the first prototype, designers dealt with a broken connector (left image).In addition, the wings did not lift and the rotation was not symmetrical. The designers realized they needed to reduce the weight of the wings by adding tunnel-shaped holes. Those tunnels led to difficulty removing support material. They redesigned the tunnels to allow for support material removal.

1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architectPrototypeWith the first prototype, designers dealt with a broken connector (left image).In addition, the wings did not lift and the rotation was not symmetrical. The designers realized they needed to reduce the weight of the wings by adding tunnel-shaped holes. Those tunnels led to difficulty removing support material. They redesigned the tunnels to allow for support material removal.

3. PROTOTYPEB. CAD to CAMWhat design parameters should be considered?

ToleranceThe gaps between partsSupport removalWays to remove support from hard-to-reach placesModel placement

Instructors guidelines:

Explain

Another challenge was finding the right print position to prevent parts from sticking together. It was obvious to the designers that they should create a gap in the wing connectors. However, they did not initially consider creating a space between the wings and the body of the spinning top.

1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architectPrototypeAnother challenge was finding the right print position to prevent parts from sticking together. It was obvious to the designers that they should create a gap in the wing connectors. However, they did not initially consider creating a space between the wings and the body of the spinning top. 3. PROTOTYPEC. FabricationWhat parameters should beconsidered for fabrication?

Instructors guidelines:

Ask students:What parameters do you think the designers had to consider for fabrication of the spinning top?

1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architect3. PROTOTYPEC. FabricationWhat parameters should beconsidered for fabrication?

Design complexityStrengthAssemblyTime & laborPost-processing

Instructors guidelines:

Explain:The designers had to consider:Design complexityThis design includes many parts that need to be moved by other parts.StrengthThe wings must be strong enough to resist breaking while rotating.Assembly Assembly would be long and complex requiring many parts to be joined, conjunctives to make one piece, and special assembly tools.Time and laborPost processingDelicacy The product might be fragile. Consider the strength of your materials and the method for removing support material.

1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architect

3. PROTOTYPEModel evolution:Instructors guidelines:

Explain This photo demonstrates the evolution of the model (in FDM and PolyJet), which has changed in size and weight. 1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architectTHE MAKING PROCESSFINAL PRODUCTPROTOTYPEIDEATEDEFINEFABRICATECAD CAMCHOOSE TECHNOLOGYTESTInstructors guidelines:

Reemphasize:

As we have seen, the making process is not linear.We can go back to previous stages if needed. The final stage may include post-processing (if needed) and naming our final product.

1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architect4. THE FINAL PRODUCTMinimal thickness to avoid material wasteand heavinessTolerance to avoid breakage or collision

FDM PolyJet Tolerance: 0.5mm

Minimal thickness: 3mmTolerance 0.2mm

Minimal thickness: 0.5 mm

Instructors guidelines:

Explain:The final product was printed after 5 trials using both Stratasys technologies (FDM and PolyJet).This slide shows the CAD model, demonstrating the final design with regard to minimal thickness and tolerance in both technologies (FDM and PolyJet).

1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architect4. THE FINAL PRODUCTSupport material release tunnels

Instructors guidelines:

Explain:This CAD model demonstrates the final design, highlighting the support release tunnels. Note that the last two slides are an example of how to present the final parameters of the 3D printing model.

1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architect

4. THE FINAL PRODUCTInstructors guidelines:

If you have not 3D printed the model, show this video. It demonstrates the final product.

1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architectSummaryWhat should you consider when deciding how to manufacture a product?What are some challenges of designing for 3D printing? What are the advantages of designing for 3D printing?

Instructor's guidelines:

Summarize: Summarize by asking students:What do you need to consider when deciding how to fabricate a product? What are the challenges of designing for 3D printing? What are the advantages of designing for 3D printing? Explain:For their final project, students will be asked to to design and 3D print a model based on the idea of something that move something. Provide the final assignment handout if you havent already.

1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architectTHE MAKING PROCESSFINAL PRODUCTPROTOTYPEIDEATEDEFINEFABRICATECAD CAMCHOOSE TECHNOLOGYTESTInstructors guidelines:

Explain:

As part of the final project, students will be asked to create a case study presentation, similar to the one they just saw, documenting their own design experience.

They will need to follow the steps of the making process and explain:Define What was your inspiration? How did you define the challenge? Idea What visual options did you consider? What approaches did you consider for making your design a reality?Prototype What design parameters did you consider? What did you not consider that you should have? How did your design evolve through multiple iterations?Producing final product Did your product require any post-processing? What did you call it?

1Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architectLEGALThis document is part of the Stratasys Education Open Curriculum Program and is subject to Stratasys Education Open Curriculum Program - Terms of use available at http://www.stratasys.com/industries/education/educators/curriculum/terms-of-use. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the information provided herein, including any data, material and/or content (Content), is provided for informational purposes only. The Content is provided as is. Stratasys makes no representations or warranties in relation to the Content. Permission is granted to you to display, copy, distribute, and download the Content for your own internal use only, You may not, however disclose, copy, reproduce, distribute, publish, display, transmit, sell or offer for resale, the Content, or any part thereof, outside of your organization , without Stratasys express written permission.

2014 Stratasys. All rights reserved. Stratasys, Stratasys logo, Objet, For a 3D World, PolyJet, FDM, FDM Technology, Fortus, Finishing Touch, Insight, ABSplus, ABS-ESD7, ABS - M30, ABS M30i, ABSi, PC ISO, SR-20, SR-30, SR-100, SR-110, WaterWorks, Mojo, Dimension, Catalyst, WaveWash, WaveWash 55, Ecoworks, uPrint, Objet Studio, FullCure, Eden, Connex, Tango, Vero, VeroDent, Durus, Endur, PolyJet Matrix, Digital ABS and Digital ABS2 are trademarks of Stratasys Ltd. and/or its subsidiaries or affiliates and may be registered in certain jurisdictions. PowerPoint is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. QuickTime is a trademark of Apple Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. All other trademarks belong to their respective owners. Thank you.Something That Moves Something, created by Ohad Meyuhas, architect