ANNALES HISTORICO-NATURALES MUSEI NATIONALIS HUNGARICI Tomus 52. P A R S B O T A N I C A 1960.

Some New Microscopic Fungi from Hungary

By S. T Ó T H , Budapest

A s set o u t be low, I w i s h to d i scuss some m i c r o s c o p i c fungi , cons idered as new for s c i e n c e . I h a v e co l l ec ted a l l of t h e m m y s e l f , a n d t h e y are a l l depos i t ed in the C o l l e c t i o n of the B o t a n i c a l D e p a r t m e n t of the H u n g a r i a n N a t u r a l H i s t o r y M u s e u m ( H e r b a r i u m M u s . N a t . H u n g . , B u d a p e s t , H u n g á r i a ) .

I a m d e e p l y obliged to Professor A . C h a v e s B a t i s t a, D i r e c t o r of the M y c o l o g i c a l I n s t i ­tute of the U n i v e r s i t y of R e c i f e , for h i s k i n d t r a n s m i t t a n c e to incorporate i n this paper of a n e w genus a n d its generotype , b a s e d on m a t e r i a l c o l l e c t e d b y me, a n d d e d i c a t e d to m y n a m e .

1. Gnomonia fumanae Tóth n. sp.

The perithecia are solitary, or occurring in twos or threes, globulous, when desiccated their bases cave in, of about 200—300 p diameter, more or less immersed into or below the bark ; their walls 20—30 fi thick, composed of 4—5 layers of 6—10 Li deep cells, of about identical sizes and diameters, not thickened, and of brown walls. Each perithecium has 1—1 cylindrical or rostelliform ostiolum, arising by its tapering end above the surface of the substratum, they are rigid, straight, or somewhat curved, about 45—55 [i thick basally ; their length vary, depending on the thickness of the substratum above the perithecium, from about the halfth to the threefold length of the diameter of the perithecium. The asci are clavate or fusiform-clavate, of rounded tips, wath a rather long 2>edicel (not always observable), their walls are not or hardly thickened on their apices, containing 8, or rarely 4, spores situated obliquely in twro layers, the parts containing the spores are (35—) 45—55x8—12 p . The spores are hyaline or cylindric­al with somewhat acute tips, divided medially by a septum, not or but slightly constricted at this point, with 4 large drops within each, 15—20x2,8—3,2 p , with one short, blunt, triangular, hyaline appendage at each end.

On the dry twigs of Fumana procumbens (Dun.) Gr. et Godr. Peritheciis solitariis, vel 2—3 simul gregariis, globulosis, basi siccitate excavis,

cca. 200—300 p diam., in corticem vel sub corlicem plus-minus profunde immersis, pariete 20—30 [t. crasso, e 4—5 stratis cellularum cca. aeqalium, isodiametricarum, non incrassatarum, brunnearum, 6—10 p diam. composito ; ostiolo cylindraceo-rostellato, exserto, rigido, plus-minus inclinato, longitudine pro ratione altitudinis immersionis 0,5—3-plici diametri perithecii, subtus cca. 45—55 p crasso ; ascis clavatis, vel fusoideo-clavatis, pedicellatis, apice non, vel modice incrassatis, 8-, vel raro 4-sporis, p. sp. (35—) 45—55x6—12 p (fig. 1-a) sporis oblique biseriatis,

hyalinis, vel cylindraceis apicibus parum acutis, vel longe fusoideis, medio 1-septatis ad septum non, vel leniter constrictis, 4-guttulatis, apicibus breviter, obtuse, triangu-liformiter, hyaline appendiculatis, 16—21x2,8—3,2 (—3,9) p (fig. 1-b).

H a b . i n r a m u l i s emortu i s Fumanae procumbentis ( D u n . ) G r . et G o d r . 2773. ( t y p u s ) . I n insu la „ S z e n t e n d r e i sz iget ' 1 f l u m i n i s D a n u v i i p r o p e opp . Szentendre , H u n g á r i a , 15. V . 1959 , leg. D r . S. T ó t h . T y p u s et co l lect iones omnes i n f r a sequentes s p é c i é i i n H e r b a r i o M u s e i H i s t . N a t . H u n g . , B u d a p e s t , H u n g á r i a . — 2774. P r o p e p a g . I s a s z e g , comi t . P e s t , H u n g á r i a , 1. V I I I . 1957, leg. D r . S . T ó t h . — 2775. I n insu la „ S z e n t e n d r e i sziget, 10. X . 1957, leg. D r . S . T ó t h . — 2776. I n i n s u l a „ S z e n t e n d r e i sz iget , 3. I V . 1959, l eg . D r . S . T ó t h . — 2777. I n insu la „ C s e p e l ­sz iget" f l u m i n i s D a n u v i i , prope u r b e m B u d a p e s t , H u n g á r i a , 9. V I . 1959, leg. D r . S . T ó t h .

2. Calosphaeria fumanae Tóth n. sp.

The perithecia are situated below the bark, they are solitary, or, more frequently, united (at most 10—15 together) into loose, most oftenlv elongated clusters, globulose, blackish, about 200—250 // in diameter ; their walls 16—20 // thick ; they consist of 4—5 layers of about 4 //, broad cells, which are brown and of somewhat thickened walls, all seemingly compressed in a cross-section of the fruit-body ; their ostiolum elongated, almost cylindrical, or apically tapering, of a wide aperture, rigid, straight, or curved, its length vary, according to the thickness of the substratum above the perithecium, between halfth to twofold the diameter of the perithecium, indeed, i t may even surpass this value ; about 80 [i at their base, arising in groups composed of 1—2 compact layers of 10—15 units through mainly the transverse crackings of the thicker twigs, they may also pierce the bark, singularly and irregularly dispersed. The asci are clavate, of thickened walls, pedicellate, 30—40x5,3—6 /n (p. sp.: 16—24x5,3—6 /<), 8-spored; the spores are either arranged in 2—3 layers on the upper part of the ascus or situated irregularly within the ascus, they are allantoid, hyaline, of a 7,2—9x 1,4—1,6 [J. : the paraphysis-like hyphae are about 2 thick, usually not ramifying, septate, 1—-2,5 times longer than the asci. The ascus-bearing layer completely fills the inside of the perithecium.

On the dry twigs of Fumana procumbens (Dun.) Gr. et Godr. Peritheciis sub cortice nidulantibus, singularibus, vel plerumque max. 10—15

in greges laxos praecipue angustos orclinatis (fig. 3-a), globosis, nigris, cca. 200— 250 p diam., pariete 16—20 /u crasso, e 4—5 stratis cellularum in sectione transv.

F i g . 1. Gnomonia fumanae T ó t h n . sp . — a. A s c u s ; b . spores.

F i g . 2. Cryptostictis hollosii T ó t h n. sp. S p o r e s .

perithecii compressarum, cca. 4 p diam., brunnearum, aequaliter parum incrassa-tar urn composito ; ostiolis elongatis, fere cylindricis, vel ad apicem attenuatis, poro late pertusis, rigidis, plerumque curvulis, vel rectis, longitudine pro ratione crassi-tudinis substrati super peritheciis a dimidio diametri perithecii usque ad plus quam duplicem diametrum attingenti, subtus cca. 80 p crassis, per rupturas plerumque transversales corticis ramulorum emortuorum praesertim crassiorum saepe in serie-bus 1—2 compactis coarctate erumpentibus, sed nonnunquam corticem inordinate singillatim transpungentibus ; ascis clavatis, crasse tunicatis, pedicellatis, 30— 40x5,3—6 p (p. sp.: 16—24x5,3—6 fi), 8-sporis ; sporis aut inparte superlore asci partim 2—3 seriatis, aut inordinate conglobatis, allantoideis, hyalinis, 7,2—9x1,4— 1,6 p; hyphis paraphysoidibus cca. 2 fi crassis, plerumque simplicibus, septatis, longitudinem ascorum 1—-2,5-pliciter superantibus (fig. 3-b) ; strato ascigero cavernam perithecii intus undique obtegenti.

H a b . in r a m u l i s emortuis Fumanae procumbentis ( D u n . ) G r . et G o d r . 2785. ( t y p u s ) I n i n s u l a „ S z e n t e n d r e i s z ige t" f l u m i n i s D a n u v i i prope opp . Szentendre , H u n g á r i a , 15. V . 1959, l eg . D r . S . T ó t h . T y p u s et co l l . 2786. i n H e r b a r i o M u s e i H i s t . N a t . H u n g . , B u d a p e s t , H u n ­g á r i a . — 2786. I n i n s u l a „ S z e n t e n d r e i sziget", 10. X . 1957, leg. D r . S . T ó t h .

F i g . 3. Calosphaeria fumanae T ó t h n. sp. —• a. P e r i t h e c i a l g r o u p s ; b. a scus a n d p a r a p h y s i s - l i k e h y p h a .

3. Cryptostictis hollosii Tóth n. sp.

The fruit-bodies are acervulus-like, they occur but slightly immersed in the substratum, of a flattened pad-like shape, blackish brovn, they often settle close beside each other, indeed, they coalesce, thus embracing the twig as a belt ; the solitary fruit-bodies are of an equal diameter or somewhat elongated, of a (140—) 200—400 p diameter, their walls relatively thin, covering the spore-yielding layer; one cannot talk here of a lateral wall, since it consists primarily of the seemingly unaltered material of the substratum, dehiscing, wdien mature, by an irregular longitudinal split, later widening out considerably. The sporiferous layer consists of 2—3 basal rows of cells, which are colorless, thin-walled and very

small, giving rise to the spore-containers, detaching together with the spores. The spores are smooth, slightly clavate, 4-septate, the middle loculi thick-walled, brown to olive brown, of them (most frequently) the apical one or (sometimes) the median loculus is more inflated than the others, the median loculi are much larger than the other hyaline, thin-walled, almost insignificant loculi, together 12—16x5—7 p . On the tip of the hyaline, or slightly yellowish, small, apical loculus, there is a hyaline, 0,5x20—32 p large, more or less curved, blunt seta, hardly attenuating towards its apex ; while the basal, also hyaline or somewhat yellowish, truncate loculus (larger than the apical one) is ornamented, aside of a seta very similar to the apical one, by a hyaline, unseptate, straight, 10—12x1,2 p large sporophore too, driving the basal seta somewhat aside. The sporophore detaches together with the spore from the sporiferous layer, but i t is only rarely observable on a spore freed from the fruit-body.

On the dry twigs of Fumana procumbens (Dun.) Gr. et Godr. Acervulis parum immersis, depresse pulvinatis, circularibus vel parum ellipti-

cis, (140—) 200—400 p diam., saepe pluribus coalitis et hoc modo nonnunquam ramulos seipsis sicut cingulo circumdatis ; strato proliféra basali, e stratis 2—3 cel-lularum hyalinarum, parvarum, isodiametricarum constitute, tegumento imprimis e materia substrati conspicue haud mutata formato, rima irregulari, longa dehiscenti, deinde late aperto, obtecto ; sporis parum clavatis, vel late fusoideis, levibus, 4 sept, transv., loculis medianis 3 crasse tunicatis, brunneis, vel olivaceo-brunneis, simul 12—16x5—7 p , loculo plerumque apicali, raro mediano, eorum inflato, loculo apicali sporae hyalino, vel parum flavidulo, vix manifesto, anguste trianguliformi, in cuspide seta hyalina, cca. 0,5x20—32 ft, plus-minus curvata, vix tenuiescenti, obtusa instructo, loculo basali basi desecto, hyalino, vel parum flavidulo, crassiore, pedicello plerumque deciduo, recto, aseptato, hyalino, cca. 1,2x10—12 p , setam setae loculi apicalis similem ad obliquum deprimanti ornato (fig. 2.J.

H a b . i n rarnu l i s e m o r t . Fumanae proeumbentis ( D u n . ) G r . et G o d r . N o m i n a t a i n m e m ó r i á m m y c o l o g i D r . - i s L a d i s l a i H o l l o s ( 1859—1940) inves t iga tor i s

i n c l y t i f lorae m y c o l o g i c a e H u n g á r i á é . 2778. ( t y p u s ) I n i n s u l a , , C s e p e l sz iget" f l u m i n i s D a n u v i i , p r . u r b e m B u d a p e s t , H u n g á r i a ,

9. V I . 1959, leg. D r . S . T Ó t h . T y p u s et col lect iones 2779—2782 . i n H e r b a r i o M u s e i H i s t . N a t . H u n g . , B u d a p e s t , H u n g á r i a . — 2779. I n i n s u l a „ S z e n t e n d r e i s z i g e t " f lumin i s D a n u v i i , prope opp . S z e n t e n d r e , H u n g á r i a , 10. V . 1959, leg. D r . S . T ó t h . — 2780 . P r o p e pag. I s a s z e g , comit . P e s t , H u n g á r i a , 1. V I I I . 1957, leg . D r . S . T ó t h . — 2781. I n i n s u l a „ S z e n t e n d r e i sz iget" , 3. I V . 1959, leg. D r . S . T ó t h . — 2782. I n m o n t e „ O d v a s h e g y " p r o p e pag . B u d a ő r s h a u d procu l u r b e B u d a p e s t , H u n g á r i a , 29 . V . 1959, leg . D r . S . T ó t h .

4. Neobarclaya batistae Tóth n. sp.

The closed, pycnidium-like fruit-bodies are pulvinate, circular or somewhat elongated, 100—300 long, 120 p high, solitary (or sometimes 2—3 coalesccnt), their walls 14—16 p thick, composed of (3—) 4—5 layers of isodiametric, not thickened (except the cells of the external layer), light brown cells ; the outer wall of the external layer is brown, thickened. The inside of walls of the fruit-body is wholly covered by the sporiferous layer, composed of one layer of small, thin-walled cells. Of this the sporophores arise, which are colorless, straight, simple, unseptate, their length identical with those of the spores, they do not detach together with the spores from the sporiferous layer. The spores are pale brown, cylindrical, smoth-walled, their apices tapering to a slightly rounded tip, divided by a septum medially, here somewhat constricted, 10—13,5x3—3,5 p , bearing

setae dis tally mostly 3, but sometimes only 2, which are again of a uniform length, usually not shorter than the spores, indeed, they may extend to twice their length, usually curved and only rarely straight, connected by a short, somewhat thicker, hyaline pedicel with the body of the spores.

On the dry twigs of Fumana procumbens (Dun.) Gr. et Godr.

F i g . 4. Neobarclaya batistae T ó t h n . sp . — a. A p a r t o f the cross-sect ion o f a p s e u d o p y c n i d i u m group ; b. spores .

Pseudopycnidiis astomis, superficialibus, pulvinatis, atrobrunneis, circulari­bus, vel parum elongato-ellipticis, 100—300 p longis, cca. 120 p altis, quandoque 2—3 in unum coalitis, pariete 14—16 p crasso, e (3—) 4—5 stratis cellularum iso-diametricarum, exceptis cellulis strati externi non incrassatarum, pallide brunnea-rum composito, strato externo cellulis ad latus extrorsum incrassatis, brunneis ; infra parietem strato prolifero cavernam pseudopycnidii totam intus obtegenti, simplici, uno cellularum parvarum tenuium, pedicella sporarum gerentium (fig. 4-a.) ; pedicellis simplicibus, rectis, longitudine sporis cca. aequantibus, hyalinis, aseptatis, simul cum sporis non secedentibus; sporis pallide brunneis, medio 1 sept, transv., hie constrictulis, cylindraceis, levibus, apicibus parum rotundate acutiuscu-lis, 10—13,5x3—3,5 p ; setis apicalibus plerumque 3, raro 2, cca. aequaliter longis, longitudine plerumque earn sporarum attingentibus, immo longitudinem duplicem earum superantibus, curvatis, vel rarius rectis, cum sporapedicello communi hyalino, brevi, crassiusculo conjunctis (fig. 4-b.J.

H a b . i n r a m u l i s e m o r t . decort . Fumanae procumbentis ( D u n . ) G r . et G o d r . I n h o n o r e m D n i I l l m i P r o f . A . C h a v e s B a t i s t a , d irector is I n s t i t u t i M y c o l o g i c i U n i -

v e r s i t a t i s R e c i f c n s i s ( P e r n a m b u c o , B r a s i l i a ) m a g n a c u m r e v e r e n t i a d i c a t a species. 2783. ( t y p u s ) I n i n s u l a „ S z e n t e n d r e i s z i g e t " f l u m i n i s D a n u v i i , prope opp. S z e n t e n d r e ,

H u n g á r i a , 10. I V . 1959, leg . D r . S . T ó t h . T y p u s et co l l . 2784. i n H e r b a r i o M u s e i H i s t . N a t . H u n g . , B u d a p e s t , H u n g á r i a . — 2784. I n i n s u l a „ C s e p e l sz iget" f l u m i n i s D a n u v i i , p r . u r b e m B u d a p e s t , H u n g á r i a , 9. V I . 1959. leg. D r . S . T ó t h .

5. Tothia Bat. n. gen.

Em honra ao Dr. Sándor T ó t h, micólogo do Természettudományi Múzeum Növénytára — Hungria.

Tipo : T. fuscella (Sacc.) Bat. n. comb.

Micélio livre ausente. Ascostromas superficiais, orbiculares, dimidiados, radiados, membrariosos, glabros, ostiolados, de parede basai inconspicua. Ascos 2-tunicados, 8-esporos, parafisados. Ascosporos cilindráceos ou elipsoides, pluri-septados, transversalmente, a princípio hialinos, depois marron-oliváceos.

In honorem mycologi Dr. Sándor T ó t h , Természettudományi Múzeum Növénytára — Hungária.

Typus : T. fuscella (Sacc.) Bat. n. comb. Mycelium liberum nullum. Ascostromata superficialia, orbiculata, dimidiata,

radiata, brunnea, membránosa, glabrata, ostiolata, cum pariete basali inconspicuo.

Asci 2-tunicati, 8-spori, paraphysati. Ascosporae cylindraceae vel ellipsoideae,

transversaliter pluriseptatae, primo hyalinae, dein olivaceo-brunneae.

Obs.: O gênero em causa é constituido sobre a espécie Microthyrium fuscel-lum Sacc. (Michelia, I I , 57) e baseado em especimen autêntico coletado pelo Dr. Sándor T ó t h , 5. V. 1956. Gödöllő — Hungria. Tipo, no Herbarium Musei Hist. Nat. Hung., Budapest.

Distingue-se de Microthyrium Desm. por seus ascosporos oliváceos.

F i g . 5. Tothia fuscella ( S a c c . ) B a t . — a. A part of the a s c o s t r o m a , v i e w e d f rom above ; b. a s c i a n d p a r a p h y s e s ; c. spores ( d e l . : A n a g é ) .

6. Tothia fuscella (Sacc.) Bat. n. comb.

Sin.: Microthyrium fuscellum Sacc. in Michelia I I , 57, 1882. Micelio livre ausente. Ascostromas superficiais, dispersos, dimidiados, orbi­

culares, 240—365 // de diam., marron-claros de margens marron-escuras, radia­dos, membranosos, glabros, isolados ou confluentes ; ostiolo central, circular, 8—16 fj, de diam.; parede superior sub-parenquimática, de celulas retangulares,

6,5—16,5x2,5—6,5 /*, as vezes isodiamétricas ; bordos franjados, com células de 17—23x2,5—4 p, Fig. 5-a ; parede basal inconspícua. Ascos cilindrádos, 50—-81x7,5—11,5 ti ; paráfises simples e ramificadas, septadas, maiores do que os ascos, 1,2 fi de diam., Fig. 5-b. Ascoporos cilindráceos, lisos gutulados ou nfio, 1—3-septados, constrictos, disticos, de início hialinos, depois oliváceo-marron, 19—24x4—5 fi, Fig. 5-c.

S ö h r e caule de T e u c r i a e h a m a e d r y s . L e g . D r . S á n d o r T ó t h , 5. V . 1956, G ö d ö l l ő — I l u n g -r i a . E s p e c . do „ H e r b a r i u m Musei H i s t . N a t . H u n g . , B u d a p e s t — F l o r a H u n g a r i c a " o q u a i t i n h a a seguinte é t i q u e t a ,,Micrlohyrium fuscellum S a c c . ? ? " T i p o .

Mycelium liberum nullum. Ascostromata sparsa, dimidiata, orbiculata, 240—365 ft diam., brunnescentia, sed in marginibus cum ascibus brunneis, radiata, isolata vel confluentia. Ostiolum centrale, rotundatum, 8—16 fi diam.; paries supe­rior sub-parenchymaticus, ex cellulis rectangularibus, 6,5—16,5x2,5—6,5 p, vel iso-diametricis, cum marginibus parum fimbriatis et ex cellulis 17—23x2,5—4 fi effor-matus ; paries basalis inconspicuus. Asci cylindracei vel ellipsodei, curto-pedicellati, 8-spori, 2-tunicati, 50—81x7,5—11,5 p. Paraphyses simplices vel ramosae, septa-tae, 1,2 fi cr. Ascosporae cylindraceae, leves, guttulatae vel non, 1—3 transversaliter septatae, constrictae, distichae, primo hyalinae, dein olivaceo-brunneae, 19—24x 4—5 p.

I n cau l ibus Teucrii ehamaedrys L . L e g . D r . S. T ó t h , 5. V . 1956, G ö d ö l l ő — H u n g á r i a . T y p u s , i n H e r b . M u s . H i s t . N a t . H u n g . , B u d a p e s t , N o v . 1957.