Some Methodological in Language Teaching

7/23/2019 Some Methodological in Language Teaching

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Some Methodological in Language Teaching

What is methodology?

The feld o curriculum development is large and complex. It includes

all o the planned learning experiences in an educational setting. Curriculum

has three subcomponents: syllabus design, methodology, and evaluation.

Syllabus design has to do with selecting, seuencing and !ustiying content.

"ethodology has to do with selecting, seuencing, and !ustiying learning

tas#s and experiences. $valuation has to do with how well students have

mastered the ob!ectives o the course and how e%ectively the course has

met their needs.

Background to language teaching methodology

The &methods' debate

( language teaching method is a single set o procedures which

teachers are to ollow in the classroom. "ethods are also usually based on a

set o belies about the nature o language and learning. )or many years, thegoal o language pedagogy was to &fnd the right method' * a

methodological magic ormula that would wor# or all learners o all times

+rown,--/. "ethods contrast with approaches, which are more general,

philosophical orientations such as communicative language teaching that

can encompass a range o di%erent procedures.


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Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)

0uring the 123s, a ma!or reappraisal o language occurred 4inguists

began to loo# at language, not as interloc#ing sets o grammatical, lexical

and phonological rules, but as a tool or expressing meaning. This

reconceptuali5ation had a proound e%ect on language teaching

methodology. In the earliest versions o C4T, meaning was emphasi5ed over

orm, 6uency over accuracy. It also led to the development o di%erentiated

courses that re6ected the di%erent communicative needs o learners. This

needs7based approach also reinorced another trend that was emerging at

the time7that o learner7centered education +8una, 1299/.

In the recent years, the broad approach #nown as C4T has been

reali5ed methodologically by tas#7based language teaching +T4T/ in T4T,

language lessons are based on learning experiences that have nonlinguistic

outcomes, and in which there is a clear connection between the things

learners do in class and the things they will ultimately need to do outside othe classroom. Such tas#s might include listening to a weather orecast and

deciding what to wear, ordering a meal, planning a party, fnding ones way

around town and so on. In these tas#s, language is used to achieve non7

language outcomes. )or example, the ultimate aim o ordering a meal is not

to use correctly ormed wh7uestions, but to get to get ood and drin# on the

table.


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Principles or Language Teaching Methodology

!" #ocus on the learner( learner7centered classroom is one in which learners are

actively involved in their own learning processes. There are twodimensions to this learner involvement. The frst o these is the

involvement o learners in ma#ing decisions about what to learn,

how to learn, and how to be evaluated. The second is in

maximi5ing the class time in which the learners, rather than the

teacher do the wor#.In relation to the frst dimension, it is sometimes argued

that most learners do not have the #nowledge or experience to

ma#e inormed decisions about what to learn how to learn, and

how to be assessed. (ccording to this view, the teacher is the

boss and it is the proessional responsibility o the teacher to

ma#e these decisions. ( countervailing view is that ultimately is

the learner who has to do the learning.;ne possible solution to this dilemma is or the teacher to

ma#e most o the decisions at the beginning o the learning

process. Then gradually, through a process o learner training

begin developing in the learners the s#ills they need in order to

begin ta#ing control o their own learning process.$" %evelop your personal methodology

(s we saw in the bac#ground section o this chapter, the

search or the &one best method' was exclusive and ultimately


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proved to be utile.

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Some Methodological in Language Teaching