Some acids whose structures and names are commonly used in organic chemistry

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S.No. Structure Common name IUPAC name

1. HCOOH Formic acid Methanoic acid 2. CH3COOH Acetic acid Ethanoic acid 3. CH3CH2COOH Propionic acid Propanoic acid 4. CH3CH2CH2COOH n-Butyric acid Butanoic acid 5. (CH3)2CHCOOH Iso-Butyric acid 2-Methylpropanoic acid 6. CH3CH2CH2CH2COOH Valeric acid Pentanoic acid 7. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2COOH n- Caproic acid Hexanoic acid 8. CH3(CH2)14COOH Palmitic acid Hexadecanoic acid 9. CH3(CH2)15COOH Stearic acid Octadecanoic acid 10. HOOC-COOH Oxalic acid Ethanedioic acid 11. HOOC-CH2-COOH Malonic acid Propanedioic acid 12. HOOC-CH2CH2-COOH Succinic acid Butanedioic acid 13. HOOC-CH2CH2CH2-COOH Glutaric acid Pentanedioic acid 14. HOOC-CH2CH2CH2-CH2-COOH Adipic acid Hexanedioic acid 15. Cis HOOC-CH=CH-COOH Maleic acid Z-But-2-enedioic acid 16. Trans HOOC-CH=CH-COOH Fumaric acid E- But-2-enedioic acid 17. HOOC-CH2CH(OH)-COOH Malic acid 2-Hydroxybutanedioic acid 18. HOOC-CH(OH)CH(OH)-COOH Tartaric acid 2,3-Dihydroxybutanedioic acid 19. CH3CH(OH)COOH Lactic acid 2-Hydroxypropanoic acid 20. CH3COCOOH Pyruvic acid 2-Oxopropanoic acid 21. HO-CH2-COOH Glycollic acid 2-Hydroxyethanoic acid 22. CH2=CH-COOH Acrylic acid Propenoic acid 23. CH≡CH-COOH Propiolic acid Propynoic acid 24. CH3CH=CH-COOH Crotonic acid But-2-enoic acid 25. CH3 (CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7-COOH Oleic acid Octadec-9-enoic acid 26. Ph-COOH Benzoic acid Benzenecarboxlic acid 27. Ph-OH Carbolic acid Phenol 28. Ph-CH=CH-COOH Cinnamic acid 3-Phenylprop-2-enoic acid 29. (Ph)2C(OH)-COOH Benzlic acid 2-Hydroxy-2,2-diphenylethanoic acid

30. Ph-CH(OH)-COOH Mandelic acid 2-Hydroxy-2-phenylethanoic acid 31. Ph-CH2CH2-COOH Hydrocinnamic acid 3-Phenylpropanoic acid 32. COOH

CH3

o-Toluic acid 2-Methylbenzenecarboxlic acid

33. COOH

OCOCH3

Acetylsalicylic acid(Aspirin)

2-Ethanoyloxybenzenecarboxylic acid

Some acids whose structures and names are commonly used in organic chemistry

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34. COOH

OH

Salicylic acid 2-Hydroxybenzenecarboylic acid

35. CH2COOH

CH2COOH

OH COOH

Citric acid 2-Hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricacboxylic acid

36. OH

NO2

NO2

O2N

Picric acid 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol

37. COOH

OCH3

Anisic acid 4-Methoxybenzenecarboxylic acid

38. COOH

COOH

Phthalic acid Benzene-1,2-dicarboxlic acid

39. COOH

COOH

Isophthalic acid Benzene-1,3- dicarboxlic acid

40. COOH

COOH

Terephthalic acid Benzene-1,4- dicarboxlic acid