Some Chinese Quotes

and Proverbs on

Education

Word Web

Warm-up Questions

I AM A GOOD

STUDENT

Directions: What words will occur to you whenever we mention “college life”? Write down as many words as possible about it.

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Study

major/speciality freshman sophomore junior seniorundergraduate graduate postgraduate academic degree

bachelor’s degreemaster’s degreedoctor’s degreecreditthesis/dissertationself-studyhomework/assignmententrance examinationfinal examination

mid-term examinationmake-up examinationcompulsory courseoptional coursefaildropoutprofessortutor

Campus Equipment

dining-room lecture roomlibrary

auditoriumgymnasiumlaboratory

self-study centerplayground dormitory

storeclinic

Social Activities

students’ clubcampus love

outingdance/ball

performancepart-time job

tutorsalespersonSome Chinese Quotes

and Proverbs on

Education

Word Web

Warm-up Questions

I AM A GOOD

STUDENT

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1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

What are the differences between college life and middle

school life?

Were you accustomed to college life in the first month after

you entered the college? How did you feel then?

Who is the best student in your class? Why do you say so?

Do you think a student who is only good at study is a good

student? Why or why not?

To be a straight-A student, what should a student do?

Having spent almost one term in college, do you have any

different opinions on college life from the ones you had at

the beginning? What are they?

Some Chinese Quotes

and Proverbs on

Education

Word Web

Warm-up Questions

I AM A GOOD

STUDENT

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Directions: Dr. Randall Hansen is a professor at Stetson University in DeLand, Florida. He is often asked for his advice on how students can get better grades. And after a couple of years of refining his ideas, he has developed 10 tips. The following is one of them. You are required to listen to it and fill in the blanks with the words you heard.

Attend All Your Classes

Now, you might think this is an easy thing. But I speak from when I say that many students for one

reason or another. But if you want , there are several why you should attend all your classes:

To classroom material. Even if the professor follows the textbook pretty closely, in the classroom and listening to the will help you the knowledge.

experience_________ skip classes__________good grades___________

reasons_______

absorb______sitting_____

lectures_______ absorb______

Some Chinese Quotes

and Proverbs on

Education

Word Web

Warm-up Questions

I AM A GOOD

STUDENT

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To make your known. One of the benefits of going to college is that you form a student-mentor some of your professors, and that’s not going to happen if you don’t attend the classes. And to be involved in the class discussions will help a lot.

To attendance points. Many professors have so you can have a direct on your grades

simply by attending. Don’t forget to — generally, those who do

this are usually the best students.

presence________

policies_______, impact_______

relationship__________

making an effort______________

sit close to the front________________

earn____

Some Chinese Quotes

and Proverbs on

Education

Word Web

Warm-up Questions

I AM A GOOD

STUDENT

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with

attendance

Directions: I AM A GOOD STUDENT is the study skills program designed for students. Each letter of the title represents an important action that needs to be taken to achieve academic success.

I is for the INTEREST that is needed to enable a learner to experience what is in life and to open up potential vistas.

A is for the need to ACTIVATE and MOTIVATE. A learner needs to activate the desire to learn. This can be done by being involved in programs designed to demonstrate the payoffs of effective studying.

M is for the need to MANAGE one’s time before, after and during a learning experience. Managing and taking control of the learning situation maximizes time utilization and provides space for recreational activities.

Some Chinese Quotes

and Proverbs on

Education

Word Web

Warm-up Questions

I AM A GOOD

STUDENT

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G is for the need to GATHER the available information in effective learning and there are necessary skills that need to be developed.

O is for ORGANIZE. Youngsters should get trained to organize desks, lockers, as well as schedules and assignments.

O (the second O) is for OUTLINE. A student will learn to outline textbooks, notes and various assignments.

A means to AFFIRM by both verbal and non-verbal means, which is needed to reconfirm the concept that every learner is capable, valuable, worthy and good enough to put forth the effort needed to succeed.

D is for the need to DECIDE. Students should be aware of the fact that all choices are up to themselves and learn to direct their efforts in a positive way with the use of effective learning methods.

S is for the need to STRATEGIZE, involving such strategies as listening and textbook reading designed to assist studying.

Some Chinese Quotes

and Proverbs on

Education

Word Web

Warm-up Questions

I AM A GOOD

STUDENT

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T is for TEST. In this section the student is exposed to test-taking techniques and methods for test preparations.

U is for USE and UNDERSTANDING of the multisensory approaches stressed in this study skills program.

D is for DO. Students need to DEVELOP and maintain good study skills and study habits.

E is for EVALUATE. Through this phase students assess their progress in the appropriate use of the study skills techniques and their impact on the students’ learning situations.

N is for NORMALIZE. This refers to making proper and appropriate study skills a normal part of the students’ lives with the hope that habituation (养成习惯，习惯化 ) occurs and these skills become habits.

T is for TRY. Have a try and you will find these skills are viable and rewarding.

Some Chinese Quotes

and Proverbs on

Education

Word Web

Warm-up Questions

I AM A GOOD

STUDENT

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Confucius was a teacher, scholar and minor political official whose commentary on Chinese literary classics developed into a pragmatic philosophy for daily life. Not strictly religious, the teachings of Confucius were a useful approach to social harmony and defined moral obligations between individuals and social systems. After his death his pupils collected notes on his sayings

Some Chinese Quotes

and Proverbs on

Education

Word Web

Warm-up Questions

I AM A GOOD

STUDENT

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■

and doings and recorded them as the Analects. This collection was added to over the years, and many sayings attributed to him are probably only loosely based on his teachings. His approach was formalized into a political and religious system during the Han Dynasty in the early part of the third century.

Some Chinese Quotes

and Proverbs on

Education

Word Web

Warm-up Questions

I AM A GOOD

STUDENT

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I hear and I forget. I see and I remember. I do and I understand.Exploring the old and deducing the new makes a teacher.To learn without thinking is labour in vain; to think without learning is desolation.Knowledge is not equal to devotion. Devotion is not equal to joy.Real knowledge is to know the extent of one’s ignorance.When you know a thing, to hold that you know it; and when you do not know a thing, to allow that you do not know it —this is knowledge.

1.

2.3.

4.

5.6.

Some Chinese Quotes

and Proverbs on

Education

Word Web

Warm-up Questions

I AM A GOOD

STUDENT

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True or False

Scanning

Interview

F 4. Top students always pay more attention to consistency than the ability to organize everything well.

They pay attention to both of them.

( )

T 1. The brightest students are not always straight-A students.( )

F 3. Top students have the same opinion on study times.

No, they think study times are strictly a matter of personal preference.

( )

T 2. For top students, study is more important than recreation.( )

F 5. The function of timetables is to let students have more time to review and polish their work only.

Besides that, it also prevents students from wasting time.

( )

T 6. Winning formula here refers to neat homework, being active in class and classroom participation.

( )

T 7. Collective study is better than self-study. ( )

F 8. Parents are a crucial factor for top students and they often give their children pressure.

Instead of pressuring their children, these parents were always loving, gentle and took pains to explain and motivate.

( )

True or False

Scanning

Interview

Study time is a matter of personal preference but consistency is a main factor.

Study time is more important than recreation.

Directions: In the text, the author tells us some secrets in becoming a top student. Now you are required to scan the whole text and find out what these secrets are.

Learning to be organized is important.

Effective reading is a useful technique.

Scheduling one’s time properly is essential for a top student.

Handing in neat work and speaking up and asking questions in class is a winning formula.

True or False

Scanning

Interview

Studying together will help a student to be a top one.

Classroom participation is an important factor for academic excellence.

The value of hypothetical tests is obvious.

Do more homework is another useful technique.

Parents contribute greatly to a top student.

True or False

Scanning

Interview

Directions: Suppose you are a professor of education whose major studies are on super-achieving students. And your partner is a reporter from China Daily. You have an interview about how to be a top student in college. You may make full use of the information in previous activities.

True or False

Scanning

Interview

Working towards academic excellence constitutes one of

the most important parts of college life and is the goal of most

college students. Straight-A students, in this respect, can be of

great help by sharing their secrets in achieving academic

excellence. Read the following text to find out what some of

these secrets are.

Detailed Reading

Secrets of Straight-A StudentsDetailed Reading

A professor of education who has conducted major studies of super-achieving students revealed that top grades do not always go to the brightest students. According to him, other education experts and top students themselves, it is far more important for a student to know how to make the most of his or her innate abilities.

The students at the top of the class attain academic excellence by mastering a few basic principles that others can easily learn. To begin with, top students know how to set their priorities right. Study time is never compromised for phone calls, television programmes or snacks. In other words, it is always

Detailed Reading

placed above recreation. In addition, top students make a point of studying anywhere or everywhere. A top student who is also a top athlete memorises biology terms as he works out every day. Another student learns a new word every morning while brushing his teeth. Among all the students interviewed, everyone agreed that study times are strictly a matter of personal preference. Some thrive at night when all is silent. Others prefer to study as soon as they come home from school when the lessons are fresh in their minds. However, all agreed that consistency is a main factor if one is to perform well at all times.

Detailed Reading

A student must also learn to be organised. For example, a top student who is actively involved in his school band, track and field, rugby association and debate team disclosed that he keeps his things in their proper places because he simply cannot afford time-wasting searches. Another student immediately files the day’s notes in colour-coded folders so that they are available for review nearing examination time. Another technique advocated by top students is to read effectively. This includes speed-reading, improving one’s memory or retention ability, and actively asking questions that will lead to a full understanding of the author’s message.

Detailed Reading

It is also important for students to know how to schedule their time. They must know how to pace each assignment or project according to their daily timetable and work ability so that they might not be overwhelmed by the tasks at hand. Being able to set timetables not only allows students more time to review and polish their work, it also prevents them from procrastinating. Top students believe that a secret of their success is the taking down of good notes during lessons and using them for revision. One student revealed that she writes notes from the text on one side of her notebook and those from her teachers’ lectures on the other side. This allows her to review both aspects of each lesson at once.

Detailed Reading

Another winning formula which teachers promote lies in a student’s ability to hand in neat work. According to one professor, the student who turns in neat work is already on the way to scoring an A. In the classroom context, it is equally important for students to speak up and ask questions. This is perhaps the best way for a student to clarify any doubts. Classroom participation also demonstrates a student’s intellectual curiosity. As a student concisely puts it, “Better grades come from better understanding.”

The student also revealed that instead of wasting time whispering to friends and getting ready to rush out of the class just before the bell rings, she uses those few minutes to jot down a two or three-sentence summary of the lesson’s principal points. She then scans the notes to refresh her memory before the next day’s class.

Detailed Reading

The value of studying together was demonstrated in an experiment conducted at one top university. The study revealed that students who discussed homework and problems together, tried different approaches and explained their solutions to one another scored higher than those who laboured on their own.

The experiment also illuminated the value of hypothetical tests conducted among the students and on their own. This means that students frame tentative test questions based on their notes and give each other or themselves written examinations the day before a test. Experts confirmed that students who devise possible test questions often find many of the same questions during the real examination and thus score higher.

Detailed Reading

Another technique employed by top students is to do more than the assigned homework. A student revealed that if her teacher gives five problems, she will undertake ten. In the student’s words, “Part of learning is practising. The more you practise, the more you learn.” Last but not least, all experts and top students agree that the most important “secret” of super-achievers lies in the crucial contribution by parents. From infancy, super-achievers were taught the importance of learning by their parents. The latter set high standards for their children and held them to those standards. They encouraged their children in their studies but

did not undertake the work for them. Instead of pressuring their children, these parents were always loving, gentle and took pains to explain and motivate. They impressed the lessons of responsibility on their children, and the children delivered.

Secrets of Straight-A StudentsDetailed Reading

1. Who are called “straight-A students”?

全优生的秘诀

2. Translate the title into Chinese.

A straight-A student is someone who regularly gets the best marks for all of their work in school or college.

…, it is far more important for a student to know how to make the most of his or her innate abilities.Detailed Reading

1. What is the part of speech of the word “far”? What does it mean?

2. Paraphrase “make the most of his or her innate abilities”.

It’s an adverb. It means very much. It can be used to modify some adjectives, such as far less/better/easier, and to modify some prepositions, such as far above/below/beyond.More examples:It would take me far too long to explain.The new system is far better than the old one.He bought it for a price that was far beyond (= much more than) its real value.

To get as much advantage as one can from one’s innate abilities.

Study time is never compromised for phone calls, television programmes or snacks. In other words, it is always placed above recreation.

What kind of study habit does the author describe? Talk about it in your own words.

Never make phone calls, watch television or have snacks when it’s time to study. Study is forever the first choice.

Detailed Reading

They must know how to pace each assignment or project according to their daily timetable and work ability so that they might not be overwhelmed by the tasks at hand.

1. What can you infer from the expression “to pace each assignment or project according to their daily timetable and work ability”?

Our time and energy are limited, so we have to organize our assignments and activities skillfully so that we do not have too much to do and still have energy left near the end.

2. Paraphrase “the tasks at hand”.

Tasks that need to be dealt with now.

Detailed Reading

Another winning formula which teachers promote lies in a student’s ability to hand in neat work.Detailed Reading

What does “formula” originally mean? What does it refer to here?

Formula means a list of the substances used to make a medicine, drink, etc. Here winning formula refers to a method that leads to success.

According to one professor, the student who turns in neat work is already on the way to scoring an A.Detailed Reading

What can we infer from “is already on the way to scoring an A”?

It is very likely that the student will get an A.

The experiment also illuminated the value of hypothetical tests conducted among the students and on their own.Detailed Reading

1. What is a “hypothetical test”?

A hypothetical test is a test that is not real, but that might happen.

2. Translate the sentence into Chinese.

研究也证明了学生间互相进行模拟测试或自我测试的好处。

Experts confirmed that students who devise possible test questions often find many of the same questions during the real examination and thus score higher.

Detailed Reading

What is the benefit of devising possible test questions?

By devising questions that might possibly appear in the test, the students undertake a thorough review of what they’ve learned and become better prepared for the real test.

The latter set high standards for their children and held them to those standards.

Paraphrase “held them to those standards” .

Helped them live up to the standards.

Detailed Reading

They impressed the lessons of responsibility on their children, and the children delivered.Detailed Reading

1. Explain the part “impressed the lessons of responsibility on their children”.

“Impress something on somebody” means to make the importance of something clear to someone. The parents made it clear to their children that responsibility is very important.

3. Translate the sentence into Chinese.

他们使孩子们铭记肩负的责任，而孩子们则将其付诸实践。

2. What does “deliver” mean?

It means to provide something promised or expected.

Detailed Reading

conduct: vt. carry out or direct; go with and guide or lead

We are conducting a survey of consumer attitudes towards organic food.

Is it really necessary to conduct experiments on animals?

conduct a meeting 主持会议conduct an investigation 进行调查

Collocation:

innate: adj. (of a quality) which someone was born with

The kids have an innate curiosity about the physical world.Detailed Reading

孩子具有天生的学习语言的能力。Children have an innate ability to learn language.

attain: vt. gain or arrive at, esp. after long effort; reach

India attained independence in 1947.Detailed Reading

I would tell them that they could attain levels of quality and customer satisfaction greater than they had ever imagined.

Detailed Reading

She finally attained her ends.

He will never achieve his objectives if he does not work harder.

Kacy attained the rank of deputy director.

她终于达到了她的目的。

凯茜当上副经理了。

如果不加倍努力的话，他永远也实现不了他的目标。

He accomplished the building of the bookcase.

指由于功绩或努力而理所当然应该得到的成功。例如 :

指努力去达成或实现目标，常指事先没有确信会成功而去追求的目标。例如 :

这三个动词均有“达到、完成”之意。

指完成规定的任务。例如 :

他做完了一个书橱。

CF: attain, achieve & accomplish

achieve

attain

accomplish

academic: adj. concerning education, esp. college or university level; being or based on subjects that are taught to develop the mind rather than to provide practical skills

Her name is well known in academic circles.

麦克没有工作而且毫无学术成就。Mike was unemployed, and had no academic achievement.

Detailed Reading

Teachers must provide challenging activities for their more academic pupils.

academic research an academic degree an academic discussion an academic year

Collocation:

学术研究学位学术讨论学年

principle: n. a truth or belief that is accepted as a base for reasoning or action; the general rules on which a skill, science, etc. is based, and which a beginner must understand

He prided himself on his high moral principles (= strong ideas about how it is right or wrong to behave).Schools try to teach children a set of principles.

Detailed Reading

against somebody’s principles 违背原则Collocation:

a person of principle 有原则的人

in principle 原则上

It’s against my principles to accept gifts from clients.

从客户那里接受礼物有违我的原则。

He considered himself to be a man of principle.他认为自己是一个有原则的人。

In principle, the new software should make the accounting system a lot simpler.原则上，这个新的软件应当使会计系统简便很多。

priority: n. something that needs attention, consideration, service, etc. before others

After several burglaries in the area, security is now a high priority.With so little money available, repairs must remain a low priority.

Detailed Reading

a first/top/main priority 优先考虑的问题

Collocation:

priority over ……比 优先

Road building is a top priority.

道路建设是应最优先考虑的事情。

This project has priority over others. 这个项目应放在其他一切项目之上。

我们应当优先考虑孩子。The children are our first priority.

Detailed Reading

compromise: vi. do something that is against one’s principles or does not reach the standards that one has set

The captain refused to compromise on any of his demands.

She admitted that she was unable to compromise.

The employers will have to be ready to compromise if they want to avoid a strike.

Detailed Reading compromise with 和某人妥协

Collocation:

compromise on 在某事上妥协

We cannot compromise with those whose principles are directly opposed to our own.

我们不能和在原则方面与我们针锋相对的人妥协。

The President might be willing to compromise on defense spending.

总统可能愿意在国防开支上妥协。

Vancouver is a city more in tune with outdoor recreation than cultural institutions.

他唯一的消遣方式就是喝啤酒和看足球。

recreation: n. [C; U] (a form of) amusement and enjoyment; way of spending free time

His only recreations are drinking beer and watching football.

They see the outdoors as a recreation activity, not a job opportunity.

Detailed Reading

Detailed Reading

Susan’s hobbies include reading, cooking, and drama.

He insisted that his painting was merely a pastime that kept him from being bored.

苏珊的爱好有阅读、烹饪和戏剧。

他认为他画画只是为了摆脱无聊的一种消遣罢了。

Holiday centers offer a variety of recreations that include folk dancing, swimming and boating.

这三个名词均有“闲暇时间的活动”之意。

指为消磨闲暇所做的任何事情，代表着几乎没有什么价值的活动。例如：

指一种完善而具体的知识或对有些领域很在行的活动，尤指收集或修补活动，经常由自己在家里做。例如：

指娱乐性放松，其含义包括了体育锻炼。例如：

度假中心提供各种各样的娱乐，包括民间舞蹈、游泳和划船。

CF: recreation, pastime & hobby

pastime

hobby

recreation

Detailed Reading

addition: n. the act of adding, esp. of adding numbers together; something added

Additions are made to the list from time to time.In the last three months there has been a new addition to the family — our daughter, Rachel.

in addition 此外，另外

Collocation:

in addition to ……除了 之外

The boss forced him to work sixteen hours a day and beat him in addition. 老板强迫他一天工作 16个小时，而且还要打他。

In addition to his salary, he earns a lot from royalties.除了工资，他还挣不少版税。

Detailed Reading

The addition of flour will thicken gravy.

A mineral augments by accretion.

加些面粉可使肉汁变稠。

A glacier is formed by the accretion of many particles of frozen packed snow.

这两个名词均有“增加、增添”之意。

指自然的增加，尤指外层附加物的添加。例如 :

指数目的增加，或一样东西与另一样东西的相加。例如 :

冰川是由许多冻实的小雪块相加而形成的。

CF: addition & accretion

accretion

addition

矿物因增生而增大。

Detailed Reading

thrive: v. develop well and be healthy, strong, or successful

The IT explosion means that telecommunications companies are thriving.

Most herbs need direct sun all day in order to thrive.

NB: 注意该词的词性变化，它的形容词形式为 thriving。例如： a thriving company a thriving tourist industry

consistency: n. the state of always keeping to the same principles or course of action

Consistency of performance depends on several factors.

Consumer groups are demanding greater consistency in the labeling of food products.

消费者组织要求食品标签有更高的一致性。

Detailed Reading

perform: vt.

1. do; carry out (a piece of work, duty, ceremony, etc.), esp. according to a usual or established method

Students perform increasingly difficult tasks as the course continues.

2. give, act, or show (a play, a part in a play, a piece of music, tricks, etc.), esp. in the presence of the public

The operation was performed by a team of surgeons at Brooks Hospital.

The opera was performed in over 100 cities.

Detailed Reading

Surgery was performed Friday to correct the heart defects.

Detailed Readingperform a study/experiment/analysis 进行一项研究 /实验 /分析Collocation:

perform a task/job/duty 履行任务 /职责

An analysis of the survey data was performed.调查数据经过了分析。

She was fired for not performing the duties outlined in her contract.她因不履行合同上的职责而被解雇。

He wouldn’t promise what he could not perform.

The interview was conducted in English.

他不轻率许诺。

这两个动词均有“做、在行动中执行任务”之意。

指挥、实现、进行，词义接近 perform，但强调指导、领导或监督。例如 :

指履行义务、职责或执行命令，所执行的任务一般比较困难和复杂。例如 :

面试用英语进行。

CF: perform & conduct

conduct

perform

disclose: vt. make known (esp. something that has been kept secret) publicly

The Security Service is unlikely to disclose any information.Detailed Reading

他没有透露协定的细节。He did not disclose details of the agreement.

advocate: vt. speak in favour of; support (an idea or plan), esp. publicly

It’s terrible that some people are now openly advocating violence.

They advocated state control of all public services.

Detailed Reading

一些人现在公开提倡暴力，这真可怕。

effectively: adv.effective: adj.producing the desired result; having a pleasing effect

Our training program covers a range of effective management techniques.

Detailed Reading

An effective teacher will always produce better exam results.色彩的有效使用可以使一个小房间看上去大得多。The effective use of color can make a small room look much bigger.

retention: n. [U] [fml] ability to remember things; the state or action of retaining

I have a real problem with retention of information.Detailed Reading

Without water retention the land becomes baked.

如果不能保留住水，土地就会变干变硬。

Detailed Reading

schedule:

1. n. a plan of what someone is going to do and when they are going to do it

How can he fit everything into his busy schedule?

She has a pretty tight schedule, but she may be able to meet you for lunch.

按照时间表，第一节课九点开始。According to the schedule, the first lecture begins at 9:00 am.

on schedule 按照时间表，准时Collocation:

ahead of/behind schedule 提前 /落后于时间表

The majority of holiday flights depart and arrive on schedule.

Due to the bad weather, the building work was already behind schedule.

Detailed Reading

2. vt. plan that something will happen at a particular time

Monday’s performance is scheduled to start at 7:30 pm.

I’ve scheduled a meeting for tomorrow. I hope everyone can attend.

The elections are scheduled for June. 选举安排在六月。

Pattern: be scheduled for June/Monday, etc. 安排在六月 / 周一等be scheduled for release/publication/completion, etc. 计划发布 / 出版 /完成等be scheduled to do something 计划做某事

Detailed Reading

polish: vt. improve by practicing; make smooth, bright, and shiny by continual rubbing

He polished the piano until the wood shone.Edward’s essay is good, but he needs to polish it a little bit.After she had polished the furniture, she cleaned the windows.

promote: vt. help the progress of (something); encourage or support

你听说大卫被提升了吗？Have you heard that David’s been promoted?

A balanced diet promotes good health and normal development.

Detailed Reading

The aim of the meeting is to promote trade between the two countries.

这次会议的目的是促进两国间的贸易。

illuminate: vt. cause to understand; explain; make clear; give light to; fill (esp. a room) with light

这个报告阐明了难点。The report illuminated the difficult points.

A small path was illuminated by low orange lamps in the flower beds.

Detailed Reading

Newly discovered facts may help illuminate the culture of the Aztecs (阿兹特克人 ).

The room was illuminated by candles.

confirm: vt. give support or certainty to (a fact, belief, statement, etc.), e.g. by providing more proof or by stating that something is true or correct

I’ll call the hotel and confirm our reservations.

Detailed Reading

The discovery seems to confirm that people lived here over 10,000 years ago.Have you called to confirm your flight yet?

assign: vt. give as a share or duty

After her promotion took effect, she was assigned a research job.

Detailed Reading

I’ve been assigned the task of looking after the new students.

Pattern:

assign somebody to something 分配某人到某岗位

assign somebody to do something 分派某人做某事

assign somebody something 分配……给某人

Jan’s been assigned to the Asian Affairs Bureau.

Madison was assigned to investigate a balloon accident.

Assign each student a partner.

undertake: v. take up or accept (a duty or piece of work, esp. one that is difficult or needs effort)

Two new studies have been undertaken to determine the effects of the chemicals.

Detailed Reading

Pattern:

undertake to do something 承担做某事的任务

undertake a task/a project/research 承担一项任务 /工程 /研究Collocation:

Dr White undertook the task of writing a comprehensive English dictionary. 怀特博士承担了撰写综合英语辞典的任务。

pressure:

通货膨胀压力会导致物价上涨。

Inflationary pressures will lead to higher prices.

1. n. the influence or effect of someone or something; the feeling of stressful urgency caused by the necessity of doing or achieving something

I just can’t take the pressure at work anymore.

Detailed Reading

2. vt. (try to) make (someone) do something by using strong or unfair influence; forceful influence; strong persuasion

Over the next few years, Mrs. Smith was pressured into lending her son large sums of money.

Pattern:

pressure somebody into doing something 迫使某人做某事

pressure somebody to do something 迫使某人做某事

Detailed ReadingYou want to enjoy food, not to be pressured into eating the right things.

Don’t feel we are pressuring you to give what you can’t afford.

motivate: vt. provide (someone) with a (strong) reason for doing something

Every good teacher knows that criticism does not motivate learners.

I don’t know what motivates people to commit such crimes.

He was motivated by a desire to help his fellow student.

Detailed Reading

1. 全优生 straight-A students

2. 充分发挥

make the most of

3. 学习优秀 attain academic excellence

4. 首先 begin with

5. 决定轻重缓急

set the priorities right

6. 换言之 in other words

7. 另外 in addition

8. 个人偏好 personal preference

9. 任何时候都表现优秀 perform well at all times

10. 活跃参与…… be actively involved in

11. 整理笔记 file the notes

12. 安排时间 schedule one’s time

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13. 安排做作业的速度

pace each assignment

14. 手头的工作 the tasks at hand

15. 被……压得喘不过气 be overwhelmed by ...

16. 复习和完善功课 review and polish one’s work

17. 写下 jot down

18. 在于…… lie in

19. 同样重要 it is equally important ...

20. 澄清疑问 clarify any doubts

21. 进行实验 conduct an experiment

22. 单独用功 labour on one’s own

23. 最后一点同样不容忽视 last but not least

24. 制定高标准 set high standards

25. 不辞辛劳地…… take pains to do sth.

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1.

A) crucial

Improved consumer confidence is to an economic recovery.

B) cumulative C) subordinate D) satisfactory

A

2.

A) arranged

Academic freedom does not protect materials, discussions, or comments that are not relevant to the subject.

B) assignedC) accessed D) allotted

B

3.

A) tells

The story of Ruth for me the unbridgeable difference, rather than the similarity, between her situation and mine.

B) exploresC) describes D) illuminates

D

______

______

______

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4.

A) is confirmed

Tulliver in his decision by the fact that lawyer John Wakem plans to educate his boy likewise.

B) confirms C) has confirmed D) confirmed

A

5.

A) details

It would be necessary to make full of the arrangement in the financial statements.

B) researchC) disclosure D) good

C

______

______

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Directions: The purpose of this questionnaire is to help you get information about how well you study right now. As you examine the results, you will discover your areas of strengths and weaknesses. The results will have meaning only if you are honest and respond as accurately as possible. If the statement is true about you, write down Y for yes. If the statement does not apply to you, write down N for no. Answer carefully so that you get accurate information.

1. Answer the following questions.

1. I have trouble finishing tests on time.2. I set aside a regular time for studying every day.3. Before I read a chapter, I turn headings into questions so that I know what I’m going to learn. 4. I don’t have much luck following a definite study schedule.5. I give up if an assignment is difficult. 6. I have difficulty determining important points in lectures.7. Before a class starts, I review yesterday’s lecture notes.

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8. I waste time because I am not organized. 9. I focus entirely on my work when I study. 10. I feel uncomfortable reading a chapter unless I’ve read all the headings and the summary first. 11. I don’t bother taking notes on lectures. 12. I get sleepy when I study. 13. I check my lecture notes to fill in any missed words soon after the lecture. 14. I seldom hear a lecture that is well organized. 15. I enjoy learning. 16. Before I begin an assignment, I estimate how long it will take me and then try to beat the clock. 17. Before answering an essay question in a test, I organize what I am going to write.18. I have difficulty concentrating when I study. 19. Using lecture notes and the textbook, I can usually predict 50-60 percent of the questions in a test.

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20. I could get better grades. 21. I take time to study every day. 22. I try to record everything a teacher says in a lecture. 23. I set aside time every week to review for each course.24. Every time I study for a course, I spend some time in reviewing.25. I’d rather get through fast than have a perfect paper. 26. I usually lose points on my exams because of careless mistakes.27. I usually seek a quiet place to study. 28. Before I leave class, I make sure that I know what homework to do and how to do it. 29. I have a hard time getting interested in some of my courses. 30. Good grades are important to me. 31. I stop to recite what I remember after reading each section in a chapter.

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32. I know what time of the day is best for me to study.33. I study only when I feel like it. 34. I seldom read the questions at the end of the chapter before I begin reading the chapter. 35. I often have trouble finding enough time to study. 36. I remember little of what I study. 37. I put off studying for other things to do. 38. To remember better, I check main headings and the summary before I read a chapter or article. 39. Tests make me so nervous that I can’t do my best. 40. I wait until the night before a test to review my lecture notes.

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Compare your answers with the scoring key. Write down the question number where your answer matches the scoring key.

2. Determine Your Score:

Scoring Key:1. N 11. N 21. Y 31. Y 2. Y 12. N 22. N 32. Y 3. Y 13. Y 23. Y 33. N 4. N 14. N 24. Y 34. N 5. N 15. Y 25. N 35. N 6. N 16. Y 26. N 36. N 7. Y 17. Y 27. Y 37. N 8. N 18. N 28. Y 38. Y 9. Y 19. Y 29. N 39. N 10. Y 20. Y 30. Y 40. N

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3. What Are My Strengths and Weaknesses?

Concentration 9 12 16 18 27 33

Remembering 23 24 29 36 38 40

Organizing time 2 4 8 21 32 35

Studying a chapter 3 10 31 34

Listening and taking notes 6 7 11 13 14 22

Taking tests 1 17 19 26 39

Motivation 5 15 20 25 28 30 37

Count how many numbers you have written down.

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Directions: John is an educational coach, consultant and trainer. He gives advice to students all around the world about learning. Here is a question from Susan: How to improve my study habits to enhance my English ability?

Listen to the answer. What is the advice that John gives to Susan? Jot down his points as many as possible.

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Good question! It has to do with time management and regularity. You should set up a schedule for yourself so that you have time set aside to study English. It should be at least once a week. If you want to make faster progress, make it three times a week. Have a notebook that you use only for studying English. Record in there the English words and phrases that you are learning — be sure to include the whole sentence so that you know how it is used. Then review them during the time you have set aside to study English. If you are studying three times a week, then you will have time to review, read new material, and write.

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Learning styles are different from person to person. Some people prefer to study individually while others prefer to study collaboratively ( 合作地 ), that is, in a group. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each way? Discuss this question in groups and put down your answers.

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Advantages of Studying Individually

Disadvantages of Studying Individually

… …

Advantages of Studying Collaboratively

Disadvantages of Studying Collaboratively

…

…

a. better concentrationb. at one’s own pacec. can study any time and

anywhere

a. with no one to share ideas and ask questions

b. may feel bored sometimes

a. discuss problems together and hence achieve better understanding

b. enjoyable to work with someone else

a. possible distractions b. may not be effective

sometimes

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Sit in groups and discuss with your classmates the effective learning methods in achieving academic excellence you agree on. Write down your answers.

1. Discussion

Effective Learning Methods in Achieving Academic Excellence

a. master and apply basic principles

b. be organized

c. schedule one’s time

d. treat every assignment seriously and participate in class

e. join in group study

f. do supplementary readings

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For this part, you are required to write a composition on the topic How to Be a Top Student based on the discussion above. Your composition should be no less than 120 words.

2. Homework for Writing

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1. If a man empties his purse into his head, no one can take it from him.

如果一个人倾其所有以求学问，那么这些学问是没有人能拿走的。

2. Life is short and art is long.

人生短暂，学术无涯。

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3. Reading makes a full man, conference a ready man, and writing an exact man. — Francis Bacon, British philosopher

阅读使人充实，交谈使人机智，写作使人精确。 —— 英国哲学家 F. 培根

4. Books are the quietest and most constant of friends; they are the most accessible and wisest of counselors; and the most patient of teachers. — C. W. Eliot, former president of Harvard University

书籍是人类最宁静最永恒的朋友，也是最易接近和最具智慧的顾问，还是最有耐心的老师。 —— 美国前哈佛大学校长 C. W. 艾略特

5. What we want is to see the child in pursuit of knowledge, and not knowledge in pursuit of the child. — George Bernard Shaw, British dramatist

我们希望看到孩子们追求知识，而不是知识追求孩子们。 —— 英国剧作家 G. 肖伯纳

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