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Some "black mildew", "sooty mold", and "fly speck" fungi and their hyperparasites from Dominica
MARIE L. FARR Crops Research Divisiort, Agricrrltrrraf Research Service, U.S. Departnze~tt of Agricnlture, Beltsville, Maryland
Received September 25, 1968
FARR, M. L. 1969. Some "black mildew", "sooty mold", and "fly speck" fungi and their hyperpar- asites from Dominica. Can. J. Botany, 47: 369-381.
Forty-six fungi from Dominica, B.W.I., generally called "black mildews", "sooty molds", and "fly specks", and some of their hyperparasites, are listed, described, or discussed. The fungi belong in the families Meliolaceae, Atichiaceae, Microthyriaceae, Asterinaceae, Brefeldiellaceae, Micropeltaceae, Trichopeltaceae, Trichothyriaceae, Nectriaceae, and Dimeriaceae of the pyrenomycetes and in the families Sphaeropsidaceae, Peltasteraceae, Trichothallaceae, Dematiaceae, and Stilbellaceae of the Fungi Imperfecti. Meliola lobeliicola (Meliolaceae), Clypeolella palicoureae (Asterinaceae), Lembosia carludovicae (Asterinaceae), and Asterostomella diplocarpa (Peltasteraceae) are described as new species, and Meliola carlrrdovicae var. setosa and Asterina melastomatis var. verrucospora as new varieties; Cicirrr~obeh tropicale represents a new combination. A key to the three species of Clypeolella known on Rubiaceae is included.
Introduction This paper reports the "black mildews",
"sooty molds", "fly specks", and some of their closely associated or hyperparasitic fungi col- lected during my participation in the Bredin- Archbold-Smithsonian Biological Survey of Dominica, B.W.I., January through March, 1966. It also includes references to the few pre- viously published records, from this island, of fungi belonging in these groups.
The 46 fungi treated in the present report in- clude members of the pyrenomycete families Meliolaceae, Atichiaceae, Microthyriaceae, As- terinaceae, Brefeldiellaceae, Micropeltaceae, Tri- chopeltaceae, Trichothyriaceae, Nectriaceae, and Dimeriaceae, and imperfect fungi belonging to the Sphaeropsidaceae, Peltasteraceae, Tri- chothallaceae, Dematiaceae, and Stilbellaceae. Identifications of the fungi are based on com- parisons with types or authentic collections of the species concerned. Determiners of hosts are indicated by initials in the text and named in the Acknowledgments. Known distributions of the fungi in other Caribbean islands are stated where applicable. Herbarium designations are those of Lanjouw and Stafleu (1964). All specimens are deposited in BPI.
To save space, the 12 localities from which two or more specimens were collected are coded by number and plotted on the map. (Complete locality citations, however, are provided for the type collections of new species and varieties.) The numerical order proceeds from St. Joseph parish in clockwise direction around the island. Brief descriptions of the collecting spots follow.
I. St. Joseph-Mannetts Gutter, a small creek (marked but not labelled on current maps) ca. 4 mi NE of Clarke Hall Estate, continuing N from the road passing Brookhill Estate, elev. ca. 200 ft. Most of this area is cultivated.
2. St. Peter-Rochette, ca. 2-3 mi inland from Colihaut, elev. 2200 ft, an area of disturbed rain forest and cultivation.
3. St. Peter-Summit of Morne Diablotins (second ridge), elev. 4500-4600 ft, elfin wood- land.
4. St. Peter-Morne Diablotins trail, elev. 3000-3500 ft, montane rain forest.
5. St. Andrew-Governor Estate, 3-4 mi W of airport, elev. ca. 500 ft. All collections were obtained from roadside shrubs.
6. St. Andre~v-"Hill", SW of Pagua Bay, elev. ca. 200 ft. The host plants were roadside weeds.
7. St. David-About 100 yards E of the inter- section between the roads to St. David Bay and Rosalie, along the latter, elev. ca. 1400 ft. Since the lower montane rain forest characterizing this area was being removed to make way for crop cultivation, this locality represented, at that time, a mixture of the original, relatively un- touched forest, newly cleared sections, and young plantations.
8. St. David-S shore of Boeri Lake, elev. ca. 2900 ft.
9. St. George-Road between Laudat and Fresh Water Lake, elev. ca. 2400 ft. This is the highest paved road on the island and cuts through the rich, wet (average annual rainfall about 250 in.) montane rain forest on the S slope
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CANADIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY. VOL. 47, 1969
Map of Dominica, showing 12 principal collecting localities.
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FARR: SOME FUNGI AND THEIR HYPERPARASITES FROM DOMlNlCA 371
of Morne Micotrin. Here botanists have found many species typical of this plant formation by merely hiking along the road or making short treks into the forest.
10. St. Paul-Summit of Morne Trois Pitons (first peak), elev. 4400 ft, elfin woodland.
11. St. Paul-Vicinity of Pont CassC, elev. 1800-2000 ft, an area consisting mostly of banana plantations and remnants of disturbed lower montane rain forest.
12. St. Paul-Harris Soltoun Estate, ca. 14 mi NW of Pont CassC, elev. ca. 1400 ft. Collections were made near a small footpath in disturbed lower montane rain forest.
For detailed descriptions of the plant forma- tions mentioned and for an excellent general botanical treatise of Dominica, see Hodge (1954).
Systematic Account: Ascomycetes
MELIOLACEAE
1. Appendiculella eclzinzcs (P. Henn.) Hohnel, F. V., Sitzber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, math.- naturw. Kl., Abt. 1, 128556. 1919.
1 = Meliola eclzitzus P. Hennings, Hedwigia, I 43 :363. 1904.
-Irene eclzinus (P. Henn.) Stevens, F. L., Ann. Mycol. 25:426. 1927.
ST. DAVID: 7. On dead, still attached or fallen leaves of Cecropia peltata L., 11 January, 2142. Dominican Republic (Ciferri 1961).
2. Appetzdiculella sororc~rla (Speg.) Hansford, C. G., Sydowia, Beih. 2:615. 1 Dec., 1961.
-Meliola sororc~cla Spegazzini, C., Bol. Acad. Nac. Cienc. (Cordoba Rep. Arg.) 11 :230. 1889.
r Irene sororcula (Speg.) Stevens, F. L., Ann. Mycol. 25:423. 1927.
ST. PETER: 2. On living leaves of Ezryatorizcm sp. (host det. J. A. S.), 8 January, 2074. ST. PAUL: 11. Epiphyllous on living leaves of Etrpatoriunz sp. (host det. J. A. S.), 3 March, 2818. Dominican Republic (Ciferri 1961).
3. Asteridiella cyclopoda (F. L. Stevens) Hans- ford, C. G., Sydowia, 10:47. 1957.
= Meliola cyclo~~oda Stevens, F. L., Illinois Biol. Monographs 2 :16. 1916.
=Irene cyclo~~oda (F. L. Stevens) Toro, R. A., Mycologia, 17:140. 1925.
~ I r e n i n a cyclopoda Stevens, F. L., Ann. Mycol. 25:452. 1927.
ST. PAUL: 11. Epiphyllous on living leaves of Elephantopus sp. (host det. J. A. S.), 3 March, 2819. Dominican Republic (Ciferri 1961) and Puerto Rico (Seaver and Toro in Seaver and Chardon 1926).
4. Asteridiella morototoni (Speg.) Hansford, C. G., Sydowia, 10:49. 1957. - Meliola nlorototoni Spegazzini, C., Anales Museum Nac. Hist. Nat. Buenos Aires, 32:360. 1924. - Irenina nzorototoni (Speg.) Stevens, F. L., Ann. Mycol. 25 :468. 1927.
ST. PAUL: 10. On living leaves of Didytnopanax attet7untlcs (Sw.) Marchal (host det. D. W.), 17 January, 2234.
This collection essentially agrees with Speg- azzini's and Hansford's (1961) descriptions of the species, as well as with Spegazzini's sketches on the type packet and Hansford's published figures (1963); but because in 2234 the spore measurements are lower than those given by these authors and the mucronate hyphopodia are slightly narrower, the identification of this specimen is tentative. Spegazzini quotes the same Beeli formula that I had calculated for 2234 (3101. 4240), but Hansford's varies in two digits (3101. 5340). Unfortunately, no colonies of the Asteridiella were found on the type collection, and only a few scattered ascospores were observed in the mycelium of another fungus.
5. Asteridiella or Appendiculella sp. ST. DAVID: 8. Hypophyllous on living leaves
of Hornenzannia racetnosa Vahl. (host det. D. H. N.), 17 March 2925; sterile and in poor condition.
6. Meliola at7~plzigetra Stevens, F. L. & L. R. Tehon, Mycologia, 18:lG-17; pl. 2, fig. 21. 1926.
ST. PETER: 2. On living leaves of Borreria sp. (host det. J. A. S.), 8 January, 2073a; some colonies overrun by Trichotl~yrium reI)tans (2073b). ST. DAVID: 7. On living leaves of Borreria sp. (host det. J. A. S.), 1 February, 2413b, strongly parasitized by Triclzotl~yritctn reptans (2413a). Same locality and host, 2 March, 2793. ST. GEORGE: 9. On living leaves of Borreria sp. (host det. J. A. S.), 31 January, 2180b, largely overrun by Trichotlzyritcm reptans (2180a). Dominican Republic (Ciferri 1961).
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3 72 CANADIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY. VOL. 47, 1969
7. Meliola bicornis Winter, G., Hedwigia, 25:99. 1886.
ST. JOSEPH: Road between Clarke Hall Estate and bridge at mouth of Layou River, elev. ca. 200 ft to sea level, on living leaves of Centroserna virginiana (L.) Benth. (host det. D. H. N.), 16 January, 2220. Dominican Republic (Ciferri 1961) and Puerto Rico (Seaver and Toro in Seaver and Chardon 1926).
8. Meliola carludovicae Hansford, C. G., Syd- owia, 9:11. 1955, var. setosa var. nov.
(Figs. 1-3, 23-26)
Beeli formula: 3 11 2 13. 422 4 13. A typo (var. carludovicne) mycelio dense setoso, setis longis, et ascosporis minoribus differt.
Holotype: ST. GEORGE: Near Fresh Water Lake, elev. 2200-2500 ft, on living leaves of Carludovica plumieri Kth., 3 February, 1966, Farr 2452 (BPI). Paratype: Same locality and host, 14 January, 1966, leg. K. L. Chambers s. n. (BPI).
The new variety differs from M . carludovicae var. carludovicae in several features which, if constant, may warrant specific separation. The colonies of var. setosa are densely beset with setae 450-1 100 p long. The capitate hyphopodia, which are paired in both varieties, are somewhat slimmer in var. setosa and spread at right angles (or nearly so) to the hyphae, giving the mycelium an even, ladder-like appearance at low magni- fications. The hyphopodial pairs of the typical variety are much closer together and the hypho- podia are distinctly antrorse. The ascospores of var. setosa measure 40-44 X 12-16 p as com- pared with 45-52 (44-48) X 17-20 (16-18) p for those of var. carludovicae (figures in par- entheses represent my measurements from one available slide of Hansford's type specimen).
9. Meliola clavulata Winter, G., Hedwigia, 25:98. 1886.
ST. ANDREW: 5. On living leaves of Ipomoea sp., 15 February, 2575. ST. GEORGE: Trail to Morne Nicholls, near Trois Pitons River, elev. 2000-2400 ft, in pasture, on living leaves of Ipomoea sp., 24 February, 2720. The fungus is amphigenous, but more abundant on the upper leaf surface; the hypophyllous colonies, how- ever, although fewer in number, are larger and better developed. Dominican Republic (Ciferri 1961) and Puerto Rico (Seaver and Toro in Seaver and Chardon 1926).
10. Melolia lobelliicola sp. nov. (Figs. 4-6, 27-29)
Beeli formula: 3 11 1.4222. Plagulae epiphyllae pertenues effusae, maculas non formantes. Hyphae 8-9 p diam. sinuosae acute ramosae. Hyphopodia capitata alternata vel unilateralia antrorsa (24-128-32(-36) p longa; cellula basali plusminusque cuneata 7-12 p longa 8-10 p lata; cellula apicalis vulgo ovoidea vel subpyriformis integra 18-22 X 12-14(-16) p. Hyphopodia mu- cronata hyphopodiis capitatis commixta pleris- que binata aliquot alternata vel unilateralia, ampullacea (l4)16-20 x 7-9 p. Setae basaliter nigrae usque ad apicem obtusum brunnescentes rectae usque ad 400 p longae, ad basim 10 p diam., superne ad 4 p decrescentes. Perithecia globosa glabra ad 145 p diam. Asci non visi. Ascosporae 4-septatae brunneae vel atrobrun- neae oblongo-ellipsoideae vix constrictae 46-48 X 19-21 p, utrinque late obtusae vel rotundatae.
Holotype: ST. PAUL: Summit of Morne Trois Pitons (first peak), elev. 4400 ft, in elfin wood- land, on leaves of Lobelia stricta Sw. (host det. K. L. C.), 17 January, 1966, Farr 2231b (BPI).
Colonies epiphyllous, very thin, not sharply delimited nor spot-forming. Hyphae 8-9 p diam., sinuous, branching mostly at acute angles and forming a network in the epidermal grooves. Capitate hyphopodia alternate or unilateral, antrorse, (24-)28-32(-36) p long; basal cell 7- 12 p long, 8-10 p wide, more or less cuneate; head cell mostly ovoid to subpyriform (or some- what flame-shaped), entire, 18-22 X 12-14(-16) p; mucronate hyphopodia mixed with capitate hyphopodia, mostly paired but a few alternate, unilateral, or opposite a capitate hyphopodium, ampulliform (14 ) 16-20 X 7-9 p. Setae black below, becoming brown and tapering towards the obtuse apex, straight, up to 400 p long, basally 10 p in diam., apically 4 p.
Ascocarps globose (cupulate when dry), glabrous, up to 145 p in diam. Asci not observed. Ascospores four-septate, medium to dark brown at maturity, oblong-ellipsoidal, very slightly constricted at the septa, 46-48 X 19-21 p, with end cells broadly obtuse or rounded.
Meliola lobeline F. L. Stevens, the only other species of the genus reported on Lobeliaceae or Campanulaceae, is smaller in all respects than the new species. The latter also appears to be distinct from the various Meliola spp. on closely related host families.
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FARR: SOME FUNGI AND THEIR HYPERPARASITES FROM DOMINICA 373
11. Meliola mammeicola Hansford, C. G., Rec. Inst. Nat. Etudes. Agron. Congo Belge, 2:40. 1945.
ST. GEORGE: Fresh Water Lake, elev. 2500 ft, in montane rain forest, on living leaves of Rheedia laterz3ora L. (host det. D. H. N.), 13 January, 2178.
12. Meliola nzikaniae Gaillard, A., Bull. Soc. Mycol. France, 8:187; pl. 16, fig. 5, 1892.
ST. GEORGE: 9. On living leaves of Eupatorium sp. (host det. J. A. S.), 3 February, 2454. Dominican Republic (Ciferri 1961).
13. Meliola myrsinacearum Stevens, F. L., Illinois Biol. Monographs, 2508. 1916.
ST. DAVID: 8. Hypophyllous on living leaves of myrsinaceous (jde D. H. N.) plant, 17 March, 2924b. Puerto Rico (Seaver and Toro in Seaver and Chardon 1926).
14. Meliola trichostroma (Kunze) Toro, R. A., J. Agric. Univ. Puerto Rico, 36:62; figs. 4A-B, 5A. 1952. - Sphaeria trichostroma Kunze in Weigelt's Exsicc. No. 1827.
ST. JOSEPH: Clarke Hall Estate, elev. ca. 200 ft, on living leaves of Psidium guajava L. (host det. J. A. S.), 6 January, 2049. ST. GEORGE: Trafalgar Falls, elev. ca. 1100 ft, in meadow, on same host, 12 October, leg. J. L. Cunningham 62-0.
ATICHIACEAE
15. Aticlzia globifera (Ell. & Ev.) Petrak, F., Ann. Mycol. 26:392. 1928.
~Aster ina globifera Ellis, J. B. and B. M. Everhart, Bull. Torrey Botan. Club, 22:435. 1895.
Reported as a new species, Atichia dominicana, by Cotton (1914) and described also by Trotter (1928). Santesson (1947) reduced Cotton's species to synonymy under Atichia "globulifera" (obviously a slip for globifera).
MICROTHYRIACEAE
16. Arnaudiella sp. (Figs. 7-9) ST. PETER: 3. On living and wilting leaves of
Lobelia stricta, 28 January, leg. G. Brooks, Farr 2395; 2409. ST. PAUL: 10. Same host, 17 January, 2231a. Although this epiphytic fungus with its fringed, radiate ascomata, delicate intraepidermal hyphae, and yellowish asco- spores fits into Arnaudiella Petr. (as delimited
by Miiller and Arx 1962) and is not identical with any known species of this genus, it may belong in one of the many species described in the closely related genus Microtlzyriurn. There- fore the creation of a new taxon would seem premature at this time and only a brief de- scription of the fungus is presented here.
The epiphyllous, scattered ascomata are black (brown by transmitted light), 285-340 p in diam., with a roundish central pore ca. 25 p in diam. at maturity. The bitunicate, pseudo- paraphysate asci measure 50-84 X 18-26 p. The two-celled ascospores are oblong-ellipsoidal or subclavulate, yellowish at maturity, and 16- 20 X 6-8 p.
ASTERINACEAE
17. Asterina ? clermorztiae Stevens, F. L. & R. Ryan, Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bull. No. 19:73. 1925.
ST. PAUL: 10. Amphigenous on living leaves of Lobelia stricta, 17 January, 2231d. This collection differs from the type of A. clermontiae by its slightly more delicate mycelium with considerably fewer, somewhat longer hypho- podia, and its amphigenous growth habit.
18. Asterina d@locarpa Cooke, M. C., Grevillea, 10:129. 1882. (Figs. 22, 43-44)
ST. JOSEPH: 1. Epiphyllous (rarely also hypo- phyllous) on leaves of Sida sp. (host det. J. A. S.), 16 March, 2906. ST. ANDREW: 6. On same host, 26 March, 3005a. Dominican Republic (Ciferri 1961), Puerto Rico (Seaver and Toro in Seaver and Chardon 1926), and Grenada, Windward Islands (Baker and Dale 1948). I n both specimens the pyrenomycete is associated with its pycnidial stage, described as a new species on a later page of this paper; 3005a is also hyperparasitized by Phaeodirnerielln parvula (3005~).
19. Asterina melastomatis LCveillt, J. H., Ann. Sci. ]Vat. Botan. Biol. Vegetale, ser. 3 ,3 59. 1845, var. verrucospora var. nov.
(Figs. 10-12, 30-33) A typo (var. nzelastot?zatis) ascosporis verrucosis, thyriotheciis et ascosporis aliquantum largiori- bus, et aspectu magis robusto et diffuso differt.
Holotype: ST. PAUL: Summit of Morne Trois Pitons (first peak), elev. ca. 4400 ft, in elfin woodland, on living leaves (most prevalent on lower leaves) of Miconia coriacea (Sw.) DC.
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CANADIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY. VOL. 47, 1969
FIGS. 1-3. Meliolu curludovicue var. setosa. Fig. 1. Hypha. Fig. 2. Apical portions of two setae. Fig. 3. Asco- spores, the vertical one in side view. (All drawn from paratype, X 700.) FIGS. 4-6. Meliolulobeliicola.Fig.4. Portion of mycelium. Fig. 5. Apical portions of two setae. Fig. 6. Ascospores. (All drawn from holotype, X 700.) FIGS. 7-9. Arr~uudiella sp. Fig. 7. Portion of scutellum. Fig. 8. Ascospores. Fig. 9. Ascus. (All drawn from Farr 2409, X 700.) FIGS. 10-12. Asterir~u n~elustoir~atis var. verrucosporu. Fig. 10. Portion of mycelium.
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Fig. 11. Ascospores. Fig. 12. Portion of marginal fringe of scutellum. (All drawn from paratype, X 700.) FIGS. 13-15. Clypeolella palico~rreae. Fig. 13. Portion of mycelium. Fig. 14. Portion of scutellum. Fig. 15.
Ascospores. (All drawn from holotype, X 700.) FIGS. 16-19. Le~~zbosia carlrldovicae. Fig. 16. Portion of mycelium. Fig. 17. Portion of marginal fringe of scutellum. Fig. 18. Two asci, the right one immature. Fig. 19. Ascospores. (All drawn from holotype, X 700.) FIGS. 20-21. Asterostornella diplocarpa. Fig. 20. Portion of mycelium. Fig. 21. Conidia. FIG. 22. Asterirza diplocarpa, ascospores, the top one germinating. (Figs. 20-22 drawn from holotype of Asterirza diplocarpa, X 700.)
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376 CANADIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY. VOL. 47, 1969
(host det. J. J. W.), 17 January, 1966, Farr 2232 (BPI). Paratype: ST. PETER: Summit of Morne Diablotins, elev. 4600 ft, in elfin wood- land, on dead (but still attached) leaves of same host, 28 January, 1966, leg. G. Brooks, Farr 2393 (BPI).
The new variety differs from var. melasto- matis chiefly by having verrucose, rather than smooth ascospores. Although the measurements of my collections are in essential agreement with those published for the species (Theissen 1913; Stevens and Ryan 1939; Muller and Arx 1962), a comparison of specimens shows the Dominica holotype (the paratype is less completely mature) to have slightly larger ascospores (28-30 X 10- 14 p) and ascocarps (up to 365 p), and a gener- ally more robust and diffuse aspect of the colonies. A. melastomatis and its new variety are distinguishable from A. nziconiae Ryan by their more effuse mycelia with widely scattered
I (rather than abundant, frequently unilateral) 1 hyphopodia usually differing in shape from those
of A. miconine, their slightly larger ascocarps, and their longer ascospores. ~ 20. Asterina miconiae Ryan, R. W., Mycologia, - . . - -
16:181. 1924. =A. rniconicola Ryan, R. W., Mycologia,
16:182. 1924. =A. melastonzacearum Ryan, R. W., Mycologia,
16:186-187. 1924. ST. ANDREW: 5. Epiphyllous on living leaves of
Miconia racemosa (Aubl.) DC. (host det. J. J. W.), 15 February, 2576 and 2580. Dominican Republic (Ciferri 1961) and Puerto Rico (Seaver and Toro in Seaver and Chardon 1926).
A. miconicola Ryan and A. nzelastomacearum Ryan are identical with A. miconiae. The minor variations exhibited by the types and other authentic collections, and used as basis for species delimitation, appear to result from dif- ferences in growth and vigor of the various collections and are undoubtedly caused or in- fluenced by hyperparasitism, competition, etc. The BPI type specimens of the two synonyms are, for the greater part, sterile, but A. nzico~ziae fortunately is represented by well-developed holotype material and several paratypes.
21. Asterina venezuelann Sydow, H., Ann. Mycol. 28:144. 1930.
ST. ANDREW: 5. Epiphyllous on living leaves
of a hairy-leaved white-flowered melastomaceous shrub (?Miconia sp.), 15 February, 2577 and 2578a (the latter sterile and overrun by Tri- chotlzyriunz reptans, 2578b).
22. ?Asterinella sp. Listed from Dominica on Spondias cytherea Tuss. (Anon., 1936, p. 36).
23. Asterolibertia myiocoproides (Sacc. & Berl.) Arx, in Muller, E. & J. A. v. Arx, Beitr. Krypt. F1. Schweiz, 1 l(2) : 100. 1962.
(Figs. 34-35) - Asterina nzyiocoproides Saccardo, P. A. & A. N. Berlese; Rev. Mycol. 7:155. 1885.
= Parasterina myiocoproides (Sacc. & Berl.) Theissen, F., Ann. Mycol. 15:421. 1917.
= Wardina ~nyiocoproides Arnaud, G., Ann. ~ c o l e Nat. Agr. Montpellier, 16: 165. 1918.
ST. PETER: 3. Amphigenous, but primarily epiphyllous, on living leaves of ?Guzmanin plumieri Mez (host det. L. B. S.), 28 January, 2405. Platypeltella smilacis Petr., the type species of a monotypic genus, evidently differs only by having 3- to 4-celled ascospores, accord- ing to the diagnosis. I was unable to obtain type material of this fungus for comparison.
24. Clypeolellapalicouveae sp. nov. (Figs. 13-15, 36-38)
Plagulae epiphyllae cinereae, suborbiculares vel ovales (3-)5-9(-12) mm diam. Mycelium ex hyphis atrobrunneis rectis vel leniter sinuosis septatis ramificantibus 6-8 p diam. constans. Hyphopodia dispersa alternata vel unilateralia unicellularia concolora recta vel obliqua, irregu- lariter ovoidea vel obpyriformia vel ampullacea, plerumque protuberatione apicali, 10-15 p longs, 8-1 1 lata. Conidia mycelialia null;. Thyriothecia orbicularia vel suborbicularia sing- ularia vel interdum 2 connata, plana dimidiata brunnea 250-650 p diam., marginibus sinuosis vel lobatis; scutellum ex 1 strato cellularum constans, structura radiata; membrana basalis non visa. Asci non visi, versimiliter late ovoidei ca. 55-65 X 45-50 p. Ascosporae conglo- batae bicellulares oblongo-ellipsoideae, initio pallide brunneae dein plusminusve atrobrunneae vix vel manifeste constrictae laeves vel plus- minusque asperulatae 22-26 X 12-1 6 p, utrim- que late rotundatae, cellulis aequalibus vel subaequalibus.
Holotype: ST. PAUL: Harris Soltoun Estate, ca. 14 mi NW of Pont CassC, near footpath in
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disturbed rain forest, elev. ca. 1400 ft, on living leaves of Palicourea crocea (Sw.) R. & S. (host det. D. H. N.), 21 February, 1966, Farr 2640 (BPI).
Colonies epiphyllous, gray, subcircular to oval, (3-)5-9(-12) mm in diam. Mycelium a rather loose network consisting of dark brown, straight or slightly wavy, septate hyphae branch- ing and anastomosing at various angles, 6 8 p in diam. Hyphopodia scattered, alternate or unilateral, 1-celled, concolorous, straight or oblique, irregularly ovoid, obpyriform, or am- pulliform or broader than high, usually with an apical lobe or bulge, 10-15 p long, 8-1 1 p at greatest width. Mycelial conidia apparently absent.
Thyriothecia originating on a short lateral hyphal branch, developing under the vegetative mycelium, orbicular or nearly so, single or sometimes two fused, flat, macroscopically appearing dark brown but by transmitted light paler brown than vegetative hyphae, 250-650 p diam., with wavy or lobed margins; scutellum one cell layer thick, consisting of radially arranged, septate, dichotomously forking hyphae 3-6 p in diam., often with concentric darker lines or paler zones, breaking away irregularly at maturity; basal membrane not seen. Asci not
seen, but (based on shape and size of ascospore groups) apparently broadly ovoid, ca. 55-65 x 45-50 p. Ascospores conglobate, 2-celled, oblong-ellipsoid, light brown when young, but rapidly turning medium to rather dark brown, scarcely to prominently constricted at the septum (which often forms a thick, dark line), smooth to more or less asperulate, 22-26 X 12- 16 p, with cells equal or subequal and ends broadly rounded.
This fungus is intermediate between Asterina Lev. and Clypeolella Hohn., two genera sepa- rated on the basis of thyriothecial wall structure and presence or absence of mycelial conidia (Muller and Arx 1962). The absence of mycelial conidia in the Dominica collection would place the latter in Asterina, but the single- layered, delicate ascocarp wall is typical for members of Clypeolella (as described by Hans- ford 1946, and Miiller and Arx 1962) and closely resembles that of the other Clypeolella species on Rubiaceae. Muller and Arx stress ascocarp wall structure as the primary key character in distinguishing between the two genera and my generic choice for the Dominica fungus reflects agreement with their concept. The following key separates the species of Clypeolella known to occur on Rubiaceae.
A. Mycelial conidia absent; ascospores medium brown .............................................. C. palicoureae Farr ................................................................ AA. Mycelial conidia present; ascospores hyaline to pale brown B
B. Mycelial conidia hyaline to olive-buff, more or less cylindrical; ascospores hyaline to olive-buff, mostly more than 23 p long .................. C. psycliotriae Doidge, E. M. (Bothalia, 4:313, pl. 58. 1942)
BB. Mycelial conidia broadly ellipsoid, mostly curved (Curvularia-like) with the two middle cells ................................ dark brown and strongly distended; ascospores light brown, less than 23 p long
C. craterisperrni Hansford, C. G. (Proc. Linnean Soc. London, 157:31. 1944-1945 (Dec., 1945)
25. Lembosia carludovicae sp. nov. (Figs. 16-19, 39-41)
Plagulae epiphyllae cinereae suborbiculares vel ovales ad 14 mm diam. Mycelium ex hyphis brunneis sinuosis hyphopodiatis ramificantibus 2.5-4.5 (-5) p diam. constans; hyphopodia numerosa alternata vel unilateralia unicellularia, formis et proportionibus variis, irregulariter lobata 6-1 1 p longa 5-12 p lata. Thyriothecia primum orbicularia dein linearia vel fusiformia vel lenticularia vel triangularia vel trifurcata radiata carbonacea ubi matura, margo fimbriato, 240-555 X ca. 145-210 p, rima centrali longi- tudinali dehiscentia; membrana basalis sub- tilissima hyalina. Asci pseudoparaphysati late clavati vel late ovoidei 30-38 X 15-25 p; pseudo- paraphyses hyalinae filamentosae. Ascosporae
clavatae vel ellipsoideae brunneae laeves vix vel manifeste constrictae, 20-24 X 5-8 p.
Holotype: ST. GEORGE: Trail between Laudat and Fresh Water Lake, elev. 2200-2500 ft, on living leaves of Carludovica plumieri Kth., 13 January, 1966, Farr 2179 (BPI).
Colonies epiphyllous, gray, subcircular to oval, up to 14 mm in diam. Mycelium consist- ing of light to medium brown, sinuous, hypho- podiate hyphae 2.5-4.5(-5) p in diam., branch- ing at right or broadly acute angles and anasto- mosing to form a moderately dense network; hyphopodia abundant, alternate or unilateral, one-celled, variously shaped and proportioned, irregularly lobed, 6-1 1 p long, 5-12 p wide. Thyriothecia at first orbicular, becoming linear to fusiform, lenticular, triangular, or trifurcate,
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378 CANADIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY. VOL. 47, 1969
radiate, carbonaceous, with fringed margin, 240-555 X ca. 145-210 y, each ascocarp or each branch dehiscing by central longitudinal slit; basal membrane extremely delicate, hyaline. Asci pseudoparaphysate, broadly clavate to broadly ovoid, strongly thickened apically, 30- 38 x 15-25 p; pseudoparaphyses hyaline, fila- mentous, many merging above and below with a layer of brown interthecia1 tissue. Ascospores clavate to ellipsoidal, light to medium brown, smooth, scarcely to mildly constricted, 20-24 X 5-8 p.
BREFELDIELLACEAE
26. Brefeldielln s p. ST. GEORGE: 9. Hypophyllous on living leaves
of roadside Borrerin sp. (host det. J. A. S.), 13 January, 2 1 8 0 ~ ; no ripe ascospores found.
CAPNODIACEAE
27. Cnpnodiunz citri Berkeley, M. J. & J. B. H. J. Desmazikres, Hort. Soc. J. 4:254 (reprint p. 11). 1849.
Listed from Dominica on Citrus nurnnt$olin (Christm.) Sw. by Anon. (1936, p. 36) and on C. nurantiunz L. by Anon. (1933, p. 18). Haiti (Pierre-Louis 1955) and Puerto Rico (Seaver and Toro in Seaver and Chardon 1926).
28. Capnodii~nz citricoli~~z McAlpine, D., Proc. Linnean Soc. NS Wales, pt. 4, p. 491, pls. 23-24. 1896.
Listed from Dominica on Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb. by Anon. (1935, p. 23) and from Dominican Republic by Ciferri (1961).
29. Capnodium sp. Listed from Dominica on Cinnamonzum
zeylanicu~n Nees by Anon. (1936, p. 36).
30. Metacnp~zodiz~nz sp. ST. PETER: 4. On living leaves of Carludovicn
plumieri, 28 January, 2404c; on living leaves of a bromeliad, 2406 (det. S. J. H.).
MICROPELTACEAE
31. Micropeltis bnkeri (Syd.) Cash, E. & A. J. Watson, Mycologia, 47 :731. 1955. Scolecopeltis bakeri Sydow, H. & P. Sydow, Ann. Mycol. 15:232. 1917.
= Scolecopeltidium bnlceri (Syd.) Stevens, F. L. & H. W, Manter, Botan. Gaz. 79:282. 1925.
ST. JOSEPH: Clarke Hall Estate, elev. ca. 200 ft, hypophyllous on living leaves of "Salamanda"
(host family as yet undetermined), 28 March, 3024. This collection, in excellent fruiting con- dition, is identical morphologically with speci- mens found on orchids.
TRICHOPELTACEAE
(This family is called Trichopeltinaceae if Trichopeltis is accepted as a synonym of Tri- clzothyriunz; see Batista, Costa, and Ciferri 1957.)
32. T~ichopeltlzecn stevensii Hughes, S. J., New Zealand J. Botan. 3:329, figs. A-E. 1965.
ST. PETER: 4. On living leaves of Carludovicn plumieri, 28 January, 24043 (det. S. J. H.).
33. Trichopeltis reptans Speg. sensu Stevens, F. L., Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bull. No. 19:81-84, figs. 15c, 16, 17. 1925. The nomenclature of this fungus has not, to my knowledge, been completely resolved.
ST. PETER: 4. 011 living leaves of Cnrludovica plumieri, 28 January, 2404a; on living leaves of Myrcin edirlis Krug & Urban (host det. D. H. N.), 24070. ST. PETER: 3. On living leaves of an undetermined bromeliad, 28 January, 2406. ST.
DAVID: 8. Epiphyllous on living leaves of Carludovica plunzieri (also on various other hosts), 17 March, 2920; epiphyllous on living leaves of undetermined myrsinaceous host, 2924a. ST. PAUL : 11. Epiphyllous on living leaves of ?Glonzeropitcairnin pendul$orn Mez (host det. L. B. S.), 9 January, 2104; road to St. David Bay, ca. + mi N of Pont Casst, elev. ca. 1400 ft, on living leaves of ?orchidaceous (jide L. B. S.) host growing on decaying log in path, 15 January, 2208. Cuba (Berkeley 1869), Puerto Rico (Seaver and Toro in Seaver and Chardoil 1926), and Martinique (Duss 1903).
TRICHOTHYRIACEAE
34. Trichotlzyriu17z reptnns (Bomm. & Rouss.) Hughes, S. J., Mycol. Papers, Common- wealth Mycol. Inst. 50535. 1953.
-Asterinn reptans Berkeley, M. J. & M. A. Curtis, J. Linnean Soc. London, 10:373. 1968.
=A. dubiosn Bommer, E. C. & M. H. Rousseau, Bull. Soc. Botan. Belge, 35:157. 1896. - T,.iclzotlzyriunz dubiosum (Bomm. & Rouss.)
Theissen, F., Ann. Mycol. 10:26-27. 1912. (See Miiller and Arx 1962 for an extensive synonymy.)
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ST. JOSEPH: 1. On sterile meliolaceous fungus (2905a) epiphyllous on living leaves of Piper dilatatunz, 16 March, 2905b. ST. PETER: 2. On Meliola nmplzigena (2073a) on living leaves of Borrerin sp., 8 January, 2073b. ST. ANDREW: 5. On Asterina venezuelana (2578a) epiphyllous on living leaves of undetermined melastomaceous host, 15 February, 2578b. ST. DAVID: 7. On Meliola amplzigena (2413b) on living leaves of Borreria sp., 1 February, 2413a; on Meliola sp. epiphyllous on living leaves of melastomaceous roadside weed, 2 March, 2792. ST. GEORGE: 9. On Meliola amplzigena (2180b) on living leaves of Borreria sp., 13 January, 2180a. ?ST. PAUL:
12. On sterile meliolaceous fungus (2642a) on leaves of ?myrtaceous shrub, 21 February, 2642c (immature). Dominican Republic (Ciferri 1961), Puerto Rico (Seaver and Toro in Seaver and Chardon 1926), and Grenada, Windward Islands (Baker and Dale 1948).
NECTRIACEAE
35. Pliilonectria ugalidensis Hansford, C. G., Mycol. Papers, Commonwealth Mycol. Inst., 15:102, fig. 21. 1946.
ST. JOSEPH: 1. On sterile meliolaceous fungus (2905a) epiphyllous on leaves of Piper dilatatum, 16 March, 2905f. ST. GEORGE: 9. On sterile meliolaceous fungus on living leaves of Myrcia dejlexa (Poir.) DC. (host det. D. W.), 3 February, 2456c.
DIMERIACEAE
36. Dinzeri~lm leonetise Hansford, C. G., Mycol. Papers, Commonwealth Mycol. Inst., 15:79. 1946.
ST. GEORGE: 9. On sterile meliolaceous fungus on living leaves of Myrcia dejlexa, 3 February, 2456b.
37. Dimerium piceuin (Berk. & Curt.) Theissen, F., Ann. Mycol. 10:3-4. 1912.
-Asterinu picea Berkeley, M. J. & M. A. Curtis, J. Linneail Soc. London, 10:374. 1869.
ST. JOSEPH: 1. On sterile meliolaceous fullgus (2905a) epiphyllous on living leaves of Piper dilatatuin, 16 March, 2905e. ST. PETER: 3. On sterile asterinaceous fungus on living leaves of melastomaceous host, 28 January, 2401b. Cuba (Berkeley 1869) and Puerto Rico (Seaver and Toro in Seaver and Chardon 1926).
38. Phaeodimeriella parvula (Cke.) Hansford, C. G., Mycol. Papers, Commonwealth Mycol. Inst., 1564. 1946. - Dimei.osporiuin parvuluin Cooke, M. C., Grevillea, 20 :5. 189 1.
ST. ANDREW: 6. On Asterina diplocarpa (3005a) epiphyllous on living leaves of Sida sp., 26 March, 3005c; setae paler than in typical material of the species.
39. Phneophragmeriella nzeliolae (F. L. Stevens) Hansford, C. G., Mycol. Papers, Common- wealth Mycol. Inst. 15:96. 1946.
~Perisporium ineliolae Stevens, F. L., Botan. Gaz. 65:228. 1918.
= Meliolilzn meliolae (F. L. Stevens), Stevens, F. L., Ann. Mycol. 25:416-417. 1927.
ST. GEORGE: 9. On sterile meliolaceous fungus on undetermined host, 3 February, 2457.
Systematic Account- Fungi Imperfecti
SPHAEROPSIDACEAE
40. Cicinriobella tropicale (Speg.) comb. nov. Basionym: Chaetophoma tropicale Spegazzini,
C., Anales Soc. Cienti. Arg. 26:15-16. 1888. (Conidial Dimerosporiunz tropicale Speg.).
ST. JOSEPH: 1. On sterile meliolaceous fungus (29050) epiphyllous on living leaves of Piper dilntatum, 16 March, 2905d (associated with Dimeriunz piceum (2905e). Spegazzini incorpor- ated the diagnosis of this species with that of Dimerosporium tropicnle (considered a synonym of Dimeriunz piceunz) and did not designate any specific type collections for the imperfect fungus. Of the syntypes of Di~?lerosporitun tropicale (Balansa 4020-4026) two were examined: 4020a (LPS 450), which contains scanty and apparently slightly immature pycnidia; and 4026 (LPS 482), which disclosed some ripe conidia that demons- trate identity of this material with the Dominica collection. The characteristics of the latter also correspond well with Spegazzini's description. Because of its structure and morphology as well as its hyperparasitic habit and apparent rela- tionship with the dimeriaceous fungus, this species naturally belongs in Cicinnobella P. Henn.
PELTASTERACEAE
41. Asterostomella diplocarpa sp. nov. (Figs. 20-21, 42)
Plagulae et mycelium ut in statu ascophoro (Asterinn diplocarpa) : pycnidia dense gregaria
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380 CANADIAN JOURNAL O F BOTANY. VOL. 47. 1969
vel fasciculata radiata non fimbriata, 65-80 p diam.; conidiophora non visa; conidia fusca late vel irregulariter ovoidea vel pyriformia ad basim truncata apiculata aspera vel verruculosa 12-18 (-20) X 10-13 p.
Holotype: ST. JOSEPH: Mannetts Gutter near Clarke Hall Estate, elev. ca. 200 ft, on living
. . leaves of a yellow-flowered, roadside Sida sp. . . . . (host det. J. A. S.), 16 March, 1966, Farr 2906
(BPI). Paratype: ST. ANDREW: "Hill", SW of Pagua Bay, elev. ca. 200 ft, on leaves of same host, 26 March, 1966, Farr 3005b.
Colonies and mycelial characters as in the perfect state, Asterina diplocarpa; pycnidia closely gregarious or clumped, radiate, not fimbriate, 65-80 p in diam.; conidiophores not seen; conidia brown, broadly or irregularly ovoid or pyriform, basally truncate, roughened or verruculose, 12-18(-20) X 10-13 p in diam.
A brief description of this imperfect state is included in the diagnosis of Asterina diplocarpa and both stages are described and illustrated by Doidge (1920). Since, in parts of the Dominica material, the pycnidial state occurs alone, a separate name for it seems desirable. The myce- lium and hyphopodia of Asterostonzella diplo- carpa closely resemble those of Asterostomella paraguayensis Speg. (which is not, as thought by Spegazzini, the pycnidial state of Asterina paraguayensis (Speg.) Speg.), but the conidia of Asterostornella paraguayensis are more narrowly pyriform and more reddish brown than those of A. diplocarpa, and the pycnidia more evenly radiate with fimbriate margin.
Batista and Ciferri (1959) place Asterostomella in the family Asterinothyriaceae (Order Peltas- terales), a family segregated from the Peltaster- aceae only by having hyphopodia. This charac- teristic is not accorded comparative importance in the classification of the (mostly asterinaceous) perfect stages of these fungi and, likewise, does not warrant separation of the pycnidial taxa on a family level. Therefore the genus Asterosto- mella Speg. is listed here in the same family with Asterostornula Th., i.e. Peltasteraceae, the type family of the order.
42. Asterostomula sp. ST. GEORGE: 9. On living leaves of Myrcia
dejlexa, 3 Feb., 2456e.
TRICHOTHALLACEAE
43. Trichothallus sp. ST. PETER: 3. On living leaves of Myrcia edzrlis,
28 January, 2407b; an imperfect state of Tricho- peltheca stevensii, Jicle S. J. Hughes.
DEMATIACEAE
44. Hebninthosporium capense Thiimen, F. K., Flora, 59 570. 1876.
ST. JOSEPH: I. On sterile meliolaceous fungus (2905~) epiphyllous on living leaves of Piper dilatatum, 16 March, 2905c. ST. GEORGE: 9. On sterile meliolaceous fungus on living leaves of undetermined host, 3 February, 2457. This species has recently been transferred to Spiropes Cif. by Ellis (1968).
45. Helnzinthosporium dorycarpun~ Montagne, J. F. C., Crypt. Cuba, p. 302. 1845.
ST. GEORGE: 9. On sterile meliolaceous fungus on living leaves of Myrcia deJEexa, 3 February, 2456d. Cuba (Berkeley 1868). This species has recently been transferred to Spiropes by Ellis (1968).
STILBELLACEAE
46. Arthrobotryunz melanoplaca Berkeley, M. J. & M. A. Curtis, J. Linnean Soc. London, 10:360. 1869.
ST. PAUL: 12. 011 sterile meliolaceou~ f ~ ~ n g u s (2642a) amphigenous on living leavesof ? myrta- ceous shrub, 21 February, 26426. This collectioil differs from the holotype (S) of the species by having thinner and more spreading conidio- phores with only a few blunt warts (otherwise smooth), and somewhat larger fertile heads; the conidia are slightly darker and roughened, but essentially of the same shape and size as those of the type. The variations in color and texture may well be due to the freshness of the Dominica collection, and are bridged by intermediate forms such as, for example, Hansford 2668 and IMI 44233n (BPI). Cuba (Berkeley 1869).
This species has recently been transferred to Spiropes (Ellis, 1968).
Acknowledgments I am deeply grateful to S. J. Hughes (DAOM)
for the determination of certain sooty mold fungi, to J. A. Stevenson (BPI), K. L. Chambers
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FARR: SOME FUNGI AND THEIR HYPERPARASITES FROM DOMINICA 381
(OSC), D. H. Nicolson (US), D. Wasshausen COTTON. A. D. 1914. The genus Atichia. Bull. Botan. Garden Kew, 1914: 54-63. (US), L. B. Smith (US), and J. J. Wurdack (US) DOIDGE, E. M. 1920. South African Microthyriaceae.
for identification of hosts, and to the curators Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Africa, 8: 235-282. of the herbaria BISH, IMI, K, PAD, PH, PRE, DUSS, A. 1903. Enumtration mtthodique des champi-
gnons recueillis a la Guadeloupe & a la Martinique. and S for lending me type and authentic speci- (Also pubi. 1904 as FI. Crypt. Antilles Franc. Champ. mens of certain fungi for examination. pp. 210-304.)
ELLIS, M. B. 1968. Dematiaceous hyphomycetes. IX. Mycol. Papers, Commonwealth Mycol. Inst. 114. 1-44,
HANSFORD, C. G. 1946. The foliicolous ascomycetes, their parasites and associated fungi. Mycol. Papers,
ANON. 1933. List of intercepted plant pests. List of plant Commonwealth Mycol. Inst. 15. 1-240. diseases collected July 1, 1932 - June 30, 1933. U.S. - 1961. The Meliolineae. Sydowia, Beih. 2: 1-806. Dept. Agr. Bur. Plant Quarantine. 1963. Iconographia meliolinearum. Sydowia,
ANON. 1935. List of intercepted plant pests, 1934. List of Beih. 5: pls. I-CCLXXXV. plant diseases collected July 1, 1933 - June 30, 1934. HODGE, W. H. 1954. Flora of Dominica. Lloydia, 17: U.S. Dept. Agr. Bur. Entomol. Plant Quarantine. 1-238.
ANON. 1936. List of intercepted plant pests. 1935. List of LANJOUW, J. and STAFLEU, F. A. 1964. The herbaria of plant diseases collected July 1, 1934 - June 30, 1935. the world. 5th ed. Regnum Vegetabile, 31: 1-251. U.S. Dept. Agr. Bur. Entomol. Plant Quarantine. MULLER, E. and VON ARX, J. A. 1962. Die Gattungen der
BAKER, R. E. D. and DALE, W. T. 1948. Fungi of Barba- didymosporen Pyrenomyceten. Beitr. Krypt. F1. dos and the Windward Islands. Mycol. Papers, Com- Schweiz, l l(2): 1-922. monwealth Mycol. Inst. 25. 1-26. PIERRE-LOUIS, F. 1955. Maladies des plantes economiques
BATISTA, A. C. and CIFERRI, R. 1959. Sistemitica dos dJHaiti. Bull. Agr. 4(3): 1-51. fungos imperfeitos de picnostromas com himenio in- SANTESSEN, R. 1947. Slaktet Atichia. Ett bidrag till vlr. vertido (Peltasterales). Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 11: kannedom om svampars lichenisering. Svensk Botan. 1-102. Tidskr. 41 : 196.
BATISTA, A. C., COSTA, C. A. A., and CIFERRI, R. 1957. SEAVER, F. J. and CHARDON, C. E. 1926. Botany of Porto OrgiinogEnese e sistemitica dos fungos Trichopelti- Rico and the Virgin Islands. Mycology. Sci. Surv. naceae (Theiss.) emend. nobis. Atti 1st. Botan. Lab. Porto Rico Virgin Isds. 8(1): 1-208. Crittogam. Univ. Pavia, Ser. 5, 15: 35-36. STEVENS, F. L. and RYAN, M. H. 1939. The Micro-
I BERKELEY, M. J. 1869. On a collection of fungi from thyriaceae. Illinois Biol. Monographs, 17(2): 1-138. ! Cuba. J. Linnean Soc. Botany, 10: 341-392. THEISSEN, F. 1913. Die Gattung Asterina. Abhandl. Zool.
i CIFERRI, R. 1961. Mycoflora domingensis integrata. Ges. Wien, 7(3): 1-130. Quaderno 1st. Botan. Univ. Lab. Crittogam. Univ. TROTTER, A. 1928. Saccardo Sylloge Fungorum. Vol. I Pavia, No. 19.
I XXIV.
EXPLANATION OF FIGS. 2 3 4 4
FIGS. 23-26. Meliola carl~rdovicne var. setosa. Fig. 23. Portion of colony, ca. X 100 (from paratype). Figs. 24-25. Portion of mycelium, ca. X 500 (from holotype). Fig. 26. Ascospore, ca. X 500 (from holotype). FIGS. 27-29. Meliola lobeliicola. Figs. 27-28. Ascospores, the one in Fig. 28 immature, ca. X 1000 (from holotype). Fig. 29. Portion of mycelium, ca. X 500 (from holotype). FIGS. 30-31. Asterina trielnstotrzatis var. verrrrcospora. Fig. 30. Portion of colony, ca. X 100 (from paratype). Fig. 31. Portion of mycelium, ca. X 300 (from paratype).
FIGS. 32-33. Asteritin n~elastomatis var. verrucospora, ascospores, ca. X 1000 (from holotype). FIGS. 34-35. Asierolibertia t~gviocoproides. Fig. 34. Portion of colony, ca. X 100 (from holotype, PAD). Fig. 35. Asco- spores, ca. X 1000 (from holotype). FIGS. 36-38. Clypeolella palicorrreae. Fig. 36. Portion of mycelium, ca. X 500 (from holotype). Fig. 37. Portion of ascocarp, showing groups of ascospores, ca. X 300 (from holotype). Fig. 38. Ascospores, ca. X 1000 (from holotype).
FIGS. 3941. Letnbosia carlrrclovicae. Fig. 39. Portion of hymenium, ca. X 1000 (from holotype). Fig. 40. Portion of colony, ca. X 100 (from holotype). Fig. 41. Portion of colony, showing two young, orbicular ascocarps, ca. X 300 (from holotype). FIG. 42. Asterostot~~ella diplocarpa, conidia, ca. X 1000 (from holotype of Asterina diplocarpa). FIGS. 43-44. Asterina diplocarpa, asci, ca. X 1000 (from holotype).
NOTE: Figs. 2 3 4 4 follow.
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This article has been cited by:
1. Miguel Rodríguez, Marya Camino. 1987. New species of meliolaceous fungi from Cuba With 4 figures. Feddes Repertorium98:9-10, 509-513. [CrossRef]
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