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FISH PROCESSING SME IN CILACAP DISTRICT, INDONESIA
• Indonesia could survive in international economic crisis on 1997 and 2008, due to the main support of LED and SMEs.
• In 2008, SMEs activities shared 55.56% of of the National GDP. The National number of SMEs covering more than 42.3 million units, which about 7.9 million units are in Central Java Province
• SMEs based on resources and the local labors (90.8 million workers)
HDI
2008
71,60
2009
72,10
2010
72,49
2011
72,94
2012
T :
73,90
• Area : 3,25 Jt Ha
• Population : 32,38 millions inh. (SP-2010); 38,979 millions inh. (SIAK 2012)
Male : 16.091.112 inh. (49,69%) 19.596.606 inh. (50,27%)
Female : 16.291.545 inh. (50,31%) 19.382.562 inh. (49,73%)
• Population growth : 0,37%
• Productive popuation(15 – 64 Th) : 21.577.870 (66,58%)
• Local government : 29 Districts – 6 Cities, 573 sub districts, 8.578 villages
JAWA TENGAH PROFILE
Poverty (%)
2008
19,23
2009
17,72
2010
16,56
2011
16,21
2012
14,98
2013
T :
13,27
14,56
T : 5,60
Unemployment (%)
2008
7,35
2009
7,33
2010
6,21
2011
5,93
2012
5,63
2013
5,57
Economic growth(%)
2008
5,5
2010
5,8
2011
6,01
2012
4,7
2009
6,34R : 5,8
(TW III)
2013
T : 5,8-
6,2
2013
Inflasi (%)
2008
9,55
2009
3,33
2010
6,88
2011
2,68
2012
4,24R : 7,82
(Okt)
T : 5 ±1
Local Economic Development – LED
in Central Java Province, Indonesia
Sustainable collaboration efforts among development actors to utilize the local
resources potential, in order to to create better conditions of local economy
and create jobs.
DISTRIBUTION OF COCONUT FIBER PRODUCTS IN KEBUMEN DISTRICT
Source: JICA, 2004
SME CLUSTER in JAWA TENGAH: Certain group of SME producers in certain
geography area those have synergy of value chain in production activities, supported byrelated institutions, which give collective efficiencies based on local wisdom for people
welfare.
6
Klaster Pariwisata :10 units
Agriculture cluster: 43 units
Industrial cluster: 122 units
Kab. Jepara
Kab. Brebes
Kab.Pemalang
Kab. Tegal
Kota. Tegal
Kab.
Pekalongan
Kota Pekalongan
Kab. BatangKab. Kendal
Kab. Pati Kab. Rembang
Kab. BloraKab.Grobongan
Kab. Karanganyar
Kab. Wonogiri
Kab. Semarang
Kota. Salatiga
Kab. Magelang
Kota Magelang
Kab. Temanggung
Kab. Wonosobo
Kab. Purworejo
Kab. Kebumen
Kab. Banjarnegara
Kab. Purbalingga
Kab. Banyumas
Kab. Cilacap
Kab.Klaten
YOGYAKARTA
KotaSemarang
Kab. Kudus
KotaSurakarta
Kab Boyolali
Kab. Sukoharjo
Kab. Sragen
Kab.
Jepara
WEST JAVA
EAST JAVA
JAVA SEA
Kab. Demak
SME CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT IN JAWA TENGAH
7
Kab. Jepara
Kab. Brebes
Kab.Pemalang
Kab. Tegal
Kota. Tegal
Kab.
Pekalongan
Kota Pekalongan
Kab. BatangKab. Kendal
Kab. Pati Kab. Rembang
Kab. BloraKab.Grobongan
Kab. Karanganyar
Kab. Wonogiri
Kab. Semarang
Kota. Salatiga
Kab. Magelang
Kota Magelang
Kab. Temanggung
Kab. Wonosobo
Kab. Purworejo
Kab. Kebumen
Kab. Banjarnegara
Kab. Purbalingga
Kab. Banyumas
Kab. Cilacap
Kab.Klaten
KotaSemarang
Kab. Kudus
KotaSurakarta
Kab Boyolali
Kab. Sukoharjo
Kab. Sragen
Kab.
JeparaJAVA SEA
Kab. Demak
PROPOSED PRIME LOCAL COMMODITIES
Handycraf, Bandeng,
Batik
Melon, Konveksi
dan Wisata
Kabalong
Batik dan Pengolahan Ikan
Padi organik,
Batik dan Engine Aplikasi
Bawang
Merah,
Rumput
Laut dan
Telor
asin
Pengolahan Ikan dan Logam
Minyak Atsiri, Batik dan Wisata
agro Binangkit
Jambu getas
merah dan Pisang Raja
Bulu
Jambu, Batik &
Pengolah-an Ikan
Mebel dan Tenun Troso,
Kacang Tanah
Konveksi
Pengolahan Makanan, Bandeng,
tapioka dan Kopi
Batik Lasem dan Garam
Rakyat
Konveksi Bordir dan
Rumah adat Gebyok
Batik , Pengolahan Makanan, Mebel dan Handycfart
Jagung, Pupuk Organik dan
Kerajinan Bambu
Batik Masaran dan Padi Organik
Anyaman pandan dan Biofarmaka
Kampung batik, Mebel Kayu dan
Tahu Tempe
Genteng, Mete dan Tanaman
Obat
Padi Organik, Ternak dan Batik
ATBM, logam dan Keramik,
Mebel
Sabutret, Pengolahan
Ikan
Batik dan Gula Kelapa
Gula kelapa dan Knalpot
Gula kelapa dan Knalpot
Sabut Kelapa, Batik, Sarang
walet, dan Jatijajar
Domba, Carica dan Desa
Wisata RecoMakanan Olahan
Makanan Olahan,
pariiwisata
Gula Kelapa, Kambing PE dan Jagung
Kopi, Genteng, Batik dan Makanan
ringanLogam, Susu,
Lele dan Pariwisata
Batik, Sapi Perah dan
Kelinci
Pertanian Organik,
Eceng Gondok,
Sapi Perah
78
LP2B
LAHAN PERTANIAN
Kapal CepatKartini & Kemujan
SSB
AGROPOLITAN
MINAPOLITAN
DESA MANDIRI PANGAN WADUK/EMBUNG
KONSERVASI (RHL & MANGROVE)
RHLDieng
Mangrove
PLTU
PABRIK SEMEN
PABRIK GULA
PLTPB
LED based on local resources
TOURISM SOLO-SANGIRAN
TOURISMNUSA KAMBANGAN
TOURISMBOROBUDUR-DIENG
TOURISM SMG-KARIMUNJAWA
TOURISMTGL-PKL
TOURISM REMBANG-BLORA
14
KAWASAN INDUSTRI
9
Kab. Jepara
Kab. BrebesKab.Pemalang
Kab. Tegal
Kota. Tegal
Kab.
Pekalongan
Kota Pekalongan
Kab. BatangKab. Kendal
Kab. Pati Kab. Rembang
Kab. BloraKab.Grobongan
Kab. Karanganyar
Kab. Wonogiri
Kab. Semarang
Kota. Salatiga
Kab. Magelang
Kota Magelang
Kab. Temanggung
Kab. Wonosobo
Kab. Purworejo
Kab. Kebumen
Kab. Banjarnegara
Kab. Purbalingga
Kab. Banyumas
Kab. Cilacap
Kab.Klaten
YOGYAKARTA
KotaSemarang
Kab. Kudus
KotaSurakarta
Kab Boyolali
Kab. Sukoharjo
Kab. Sragen
Kab.
Jepara
JAWA BARAT
Pertanian, Perikanan,Tekstil dan Produk Tekstil,
Logam,Furnitur,
Perdagangan,Jasa
Pertanian, Perikanan, PerkebunanPasir Besi, Minyak dan Gas
Batik, Logam,Furniture, Perdagangan,
Pariwisata
Industri, Jasa,Perdagangan,Tekstil, Logam,
Furnitur, Pertanian, Perkebunan, Pengolahan Ikan
Perdagangan
Pertanian, Perkebunan, PeternakanIndustri Kayu, Tekstil Produk Tekstil,
Jasa ,KerajinanPerdagangan,
Pariwisata, Pertambangan
Perikanan, PertanianFurnitur
Pariwisata, Hutan dan Tambang
Pertanian, Perkebunan, Kerajinan,
Pariwisata, Perdagangan ,Pertambangan
Kab. Demak
REGIONAL COLLABORATIONS
BREGASMALANGKEDUNGSAPUR
WANARAKUTI
BARLINGMASCAKEB
SUBOSUKOWONOSRATEN
SSB
PETANGLONG
Pertanian, Perikanan,Tekstil dan Produk Tekstil,
Perdagangan,Jasa
15
POLICY STRATEGY OF LED
TRADITIONAL APPROACH
•Government
encourages
economic
development
through policy and
incentives
LED NEW APPROACH
•Economic development is a collaboration process, involves the entire levels of government, entrepreneurs, business support agencies, facilitators, and universities.
STRATEGY DIRECTION OF LED
TRADITIONAL APPROACH
•poverty alleviation
•Life subsistence
•Limited/narrow
economic scope
•Leading sector:
Government
NEW APPROACH
•Provision of employment and welfare
•Competitive advantage & investments
•Wide economic scope
•Leading sector: Private sectors
PROGRESS OF LED IN CENTRAL JAVA
2006-2007: 3 city/districts has become pilot program of LED,
i.e. Jepara (Bappenas), Solo (independent), Klaten(UNDP/ERA)
2009: Province initiate LED program, and 24 cities/districts
initiated RALED as LED program
2010: Consolidation and development of LED model and
roadmap. The entire cities / districts entered to LED phase II -
analysis of LED conditions
2011: LED program has a target that the entire cities / districts
had already implemented the LED up to phase III - planning
the LED program, and prepare a cluster business plan.
Improvement &
Partnership
strengthen
LED condition and
factors mapping
LED
condition
assesseme
nt
Determine
LED leverage
factors
Determine
competitive
cluster and
local product
Evaluation and
mapping of
stakeholder
LED action plan
of City/District
SME Cluster business
plan
Monitoring and Evaluation of
LED result and process
Strategic plan
Adoption in planning document and
budgeting
Annual plan
Local budget
Mo
nit
or
in
g d
an
Ev
al
ua
ti
on
f
or
e
ac
h s
ta
ge
NGO
CSR
SMEs budget
NATIONAL budget
Collective business:
• Production (Input,
technology etc.)
• Marketing
Supporting activities:• Infrastructure
• Capacity building
• Finance support
• Legal support
PROVINCIAL
GOVERNMENT
NATIONAL
GOVERNMENT
-NAT. MINISTRY
& AGENCIES.
KABUPATEN/
KOTA:
Government
SME
ENTEPRENEURS
BUSSINEES
ASSOCIATION
SUPPORTING
BUSSINESS
AGENCIES
INTERNATIONAL
/NATIONAL
NGO /AGENCIES
Bussiness
Development
Services/
FASILITATOR
LED FORUM
KLASTERKLASTER
FEDEPFEDEP
FPESDForum PengembanganEkonomi dan Sumber
DayaForum of Economic
Development & Resources
FEDEPForum for Economic
Development & Employment Promotion
CLUSTERSFORUM
PROVINCE
KABUPATEN/CiITY
CLUSTER
Public Institutions at Kabupaten/City level:•Planning board•Other public offices•etc
Business Association
Enterprises
Kabupaten/City Councils
UKMUKMSMEsRelated Public Institutions
Public institutionsKab/Kota:•Planning board•Other public offices•etc
Business Association
Asosiasi:•OSS•BDS
•Province budget
•Other funding
•Kabupaten budget
•Province funding
•Other funding
•Local funding
•Kabupaten/Kota/
Province budget
•Other funding
Facilitators
FACT FINDINGS- 1
LED programs are directly related to the real economic
sector development of SMEs in the city / districts.
Stakeholders (government and business actors) in
districts and the cities have given good responses, and
support programs in cooperation of Central Java LED in
varies progress.
LED program utilizes and strengthens the existing local
institutions (FPESD, FEDEP, SME Cluster Forum).
The current LED general assessment does not give an
appropriate understanding of real field condition. More in-
depth assessment in cluster business are needed to
determine the local sector lever and competitive products.
FACT FINDINGS- 2
Province plays an important role to initiate, encourage,
and conduct LED facilitation at city and district level.
The provincial regular budget (ex 2P0A) and the local
counterpart fund from cities / districts that encourages
consistency and sustainability of LED program.
LED program activities have initiated cooperation among
local government agencies to carry out an integrated
program together.
Cities and districts are encouraged to implement LED
program independently and sustainable. Awareness,
leadership, and cooperation of local movers / LED
champion in the region being the key word of success.
CHALLENGES- 1Central Java LED is still in progress:
A continue LED programs campaign and information are
essential, due to the limited information and understanding of
local LED team/champions, as well there are often rotation of
the implementing officers in the local government.
It is required facilitation to revitalize and strengthening the
local LED institution (FEDEP), and the local LED team to
continue the management of LED in the local level
independently.
Need to prepare the LED guide materials for the
implementation of each stage, capacity building and training
activities to the local LED team, and improve the LED models /
concept dynamically follow to the progress in the field.
CHALLENGES - 2Central Java LED is still in progress:
It is still needed to facilitate PEL consistently throughout the city and
districts, particularly to ensure the continuity of supported LED
budget, stakeholder commitment to the LED programs, as well the
consistency and synchronization of development programs in and inter
cities and districts.
LED needs manager and secretariat to manage the synchronize the
activities, which also collects all information and activities of LED
progress and problems.
It is important to consolidate the LED program with other development
actors and National agencies : Central Government, NGOs, CSR SOE,
privates sectors, etc.
LED programs is a continuing long time program that need consistent
support from the development actors.
