Solid Waste Management Trends in Georgia – 2005 Solid_Waste_Trends.pdf · Solid Waste Management Trends in Georgia – 2005 ... Changing solid waste management trends in Georgia

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Solid Waste Management Trends in Georgia –2005

Georgia Department of Community Affairs (DCA)

This presentation addresses the:

Changing solid waste management trends in Georgia and the potential impact these trends have on the way local governments manage solid waste generated within their communities.

Source of Information:Unless otherwise noted, from DCA’s Annual Solid Waste Management Report

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Georgia Disposal CapacityReported in Million Cubic Yards

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

550

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Total MSWL SL C&D/L

Source: Annual Solid Waste Report/EPD Landfill Capacity Reports

The amount of available permitted landfill capacity (not necessarily constructed capacity) grew steadily from 1994 through 2004. The amount of remaining permitted capacity in “SL” facilities, the old unlined landfills, declined over the past decade. In 1993 there were over 70 unlined landfills in the state, in 2004, only 5 facilities remain. For the most part these facilities receive very small volumes of waste on an annual basis and therefore are expected to last well into the future. The City of Macon’s Walker Road landfill is an exception; it receives approximately 350 tons per day of MSW and is expected to close in 2017.

The amount of Construction & Demolition (C&D) permitted landfill capacity has grown significantly over the past decade; with permitted capacity doubling from 15 million cubic yards in 1996 to 30 million cubic yards in 2001. Capacity has since tripled to nearly 90 million cubic yards as of July 2004. The state has approximately 26.6 years of permitted MSW disposal capacity and 19.9 years of permitted C&D disposal capacity, based upon the disposal rates reported in 2004. It is important to note that this capacity is for permitted airspace, not necessarily active landfill space. As can be seen in the next slides the amount of permitted disposal capacity available within any given region in the state can vary greatly and the available permitted capacity has become increasingly concentrated in fewer, more regional facilities over the past decade.

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Landfill Disposal Capacity

-

-

11-20 yrs 20+ yrs5-10 yrs<5 years

1994 2004

Source: Annual Solid Waste Report

-

-

Permitted Disposal Capacity Change from 1994 to 2004

Based upon the municipal solid waste disposal rates reported in 2004, the state has approximately 26.6 years of permitted MSW disposal capacity. In contrast, in 1994 the state had less than 10 years of capacity, with many regions of the state having less than 5 years.

A complete breakdown of the 2004 Remaining Capacity by RDC is as follows:Atlanta Regional Commission – 21.2 yrsCentral Savannah River Area – 167.5*Chattahoochee Flint – 18.1Coastal Georgia – 13.3Coosa Valley – 26.7Georgia Mountains – 41.5 Heart of Georgia-Altamaha – 17.0Lower Chattahoochee – 36.6McIntosh Trail – 41.1Middle Flint – 30.3Middle Georgia – 23.3North Georgia – 29.0Northeast Georgia – 6.3South Georgia – 28.4Southeast Georgia – 28.7Southwest Georgia – 23.5*Richmond County-Deans Bridge Road MSW landfill is building a new phase that will add 54 million cubic yards capacity. Because the addition is permitted capacity, it is included in the calculation of remaining capacity.

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Concentration of CapacityNumber of Permitted Landfills

77 71 66 5625 18 18 12 6 6 5

15 28 3539

51 52 5148 54 52 52

32 33 35 35

34 32 3433 46 51 53

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Unlined Subtitle D C&D

Source: Annual Solid Waste Report

In 1994 there were 92 facilities permitted to dispose municipal solid waste in Georgia. Combining all of their remaining airspace together these facilities had less than 10 years of remaining disposal capacity based upon the disposal practices that year.

In 2004, there were only 57 facilities permitted to dispose municipal solid waste and even with the per capita increases in the disposal rate since 1994, these 57 facilities combined, have more than 26 years of remaining disposal capacity. (Based upon the disposal practices in 2004.)

This graph shows the phasing-out of the unlined landfills in the state over the past decade, only 5 facilities remain, the facility with the longest remaining capacity is a landfill operated by the military located in Liberty County, with an estimated 26 years of disposal capacity. Combined, these unlined facilities accept only 1.8% of the waste entering Georgia MSW landfills.

This graph also shows the increase in the number of C&D permitted landfills from 2002 to 2004; from an average of 34 facilities from 1994 to 2001 to a total of 53 facilities in 2004.

Not specifically shown on the graph, but an important number to monitor is the number of solid waste disposal facilities that are under their post-closure care status. As of July 1, 2004 306 facilities in Georgia were under post-closure care status. No facilities were released from their post-closure care requirements in 2004.

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Georgia Landfill Permitted Capacity 2004Public vs. Private (in million cubic yards)

179.4

348

38.550.6

16 MSW Landfills

41 MSW Landfills

16 C&D Landfills

37 C&D Landfills

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

Public Private

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5

10

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20

25

30

35

40

45

MSW Capacity C&D Capacity # of MSW Facilities # of C&D Facilities

PrivatePublic

The amount of available remaining permitted disposal capacity in the state is concentrated in a few privately owned and operated landfills in the state.

In 2004 almost one-third of the remaining permitted landfill capacity within the state was contained in just five (5) facilities.

The following list the 5 landfills with the greatest volume of permitted disposal capacity:1. Cherokee County-Pine Bluff – 52.8 million cubic yards2. Taylor County-Allied Services – 38.5 million cubic yards3. Butts County-Pine Ridge Recycling – 38.0million cubic yards4. Forsyth County-Eagle Point Landfill – 23.6 million cubic yards5. Camden County- SR 110 C&D Landfill - 23.4 million cubic yards6. Banks County - Chambers R&B Landfill – 22.1 million cubic yards

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Solid Waste Disposal InfrastructureMSW and C&D Landfills

Source: DCA Office of Decision Support

This map shows the location of the current permitted MSW and C&D Landfills in the state.

As MSW landfills become larger and more regional in scale, it means additional handling and transportation of the waste across local and state roads.

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Georgia’s Per Capita DisposalPounds Per Person Per Day – 1994 to 2004

0.01.02.03.04.05.06.07.08.09.0

10.011.0

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Total Waste MSW Georgia MSW Reduction Goal C&D

Source: Annual Solid Waste Report – DCA/EPD

Measuring Progress towards our 25% Waste Disposal Reduction Goal:Annually, DCA reports the State’s progress in meeting the waste disposal reduction goal established in the 1990 Solid

Waste Management Act. Specifically that act stated: “It is the intent of the General Assembly that every effort be undertaken to reduce on a state-wide basis the amount of municipal solid waste being received at disposal facilities during fiscal year 1992 by 25 percent by July 1, 1996; . . . “

The actual per capita waste disposal reduction rate is very difficult to calculate. The Reduction Goal (green line with triangle) shows the disposal rate based upon a per capita 25% waste disposal reduction rate of the total waste stream disposed in 1992. Please note that in 1992 many of the landfills in the State did not have scales and few if any facilities were tracking the types of waste they disposed. In addition, reduction credits for recycling efforts started prior to 1992 further complicate the ability to identify an exact per capita waste disposal goal. Clearly, however, the municipal solid waste 25% per capita waste disposal reduction goal must be somewhere below the Reduction Goal line shown above; just how far below would be difficult, if not impossible to show.

What is shown in the graph above is the general trend in MSW disposal in Georgia over the past decade.

Solid waste haulers are not required to keep Industrial and C&D waste separate from Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), which is comprised of both Commercial and Residential Waste. In addition, Landfill operators are not required to report the amount of waste disposed by a particular waste generating category, thus it is very difficult to determine exactly what the MSW disposal rate is for the state. The MSW line above (black line with circles) shows the total amount of waste, on a per capita basis, disposed at MSW landfills in the State. This disposal figure includes all out-of-state waste, Construction & Demolition (C&D) waste, and industrial waste that is also disposed at these facilities.

(Notes continued next page)

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Georgia’s Per Capita DisposalPounds Per Person Per Day – 1994 to 2004

0.01.02.03.04.05.06.07.08.09.0

10.011.0

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Total Waste MSW Georgia MSW Reduction Goal C&D

Source: Annual Solid Waste Report – DCA/EPD

Georgia’s Per Capita Disposal Rate Notes Continued from Previous PageTo get a better idea of the amount of Municipal Solid Waste being disposed by Georgians, the Georgia MSW line (yellow

line with stars) does not include tracked and reported industrial, C&D, or out-of-state waste disposed in MSW landfills in the state. Based upon a phone survey conducted by R.W. Beck, who contacted 47 landfills representing over 90% of the total waste disposed in 2002, 14% of the waste delivered to these MSW facilities was Industrial Waste, 12.3% was C&D Waste, and 73.7% was MSW. When applying these percentages to the 2003 MSW disposal rate, Georgia’s MSW per capita disposal rate for 2003 would be 4.7 lbs per person per day vs. the 6.4 lbs per person per day graphed in the yellow line. The study further showed that 7.1% of the waste entering MSW facilities was sludge or biosolids generated from wastewater treatment facilities. When subtracting this special waste from the 2003 MSW disposal rate, the per capita disposal rate for Georgians would be 4.25 pounds per person per day.

The Total Waste disposed line (red line with squares) represents the per capita disposal rate for all waste disposed in the State, regardless of the type of waste or the type of waste disposal facility – it does not include, however any waste disposed at inert landfills.

The C&D line (blue line with diamonds) represents the per capita disposal rate of Construction and Demolition Waste disposed at C&D landfills, a landfill specifically designed and permitted to accept only construction and demolition waste. Typically the disposal or “tipping” fees at a C&D facility are lower than the tipping fees at a MSW landfill.

When reviewing the disposal trends over the past decade, there are several things worth noting: 1. In 1996, the MSW per capita disposal rate came very close to meeting the state’s waste disposal reduction goal.

There may be two primary factors influencing this reduction: 1) the 1996 yard trimmings ban became effective in 1996 and 2) this was the target year for the state’s 25% per capita waste reduction disposal goal. Many local governments added or significantly expanded their residential recycling programs in an effort to achieve the goal.

2. The waste reduction and recycling programs in the state appear to have checked the growth of Georgia’s MSW per capita disposal rate. While the rate of per capita disposal rose steadily over the past decade, the growth in Georgia’s MSW per capita disposal rate leveled-off in 1998 and has remained fairly flat since then with the exception of a dip in 2002, which is more than likely attributable to a sluggish economy. Per capita MSW disposal has climbed again in the last two years.

3. The per capita disposal rate for C&D waste has risen steadily since 1998, a factor which may also be contributing to the leveling-off of Georgia’s per capita MSW disposal rate. The increased use of C&D landfills is not surprising given the price differential in MSW and C&D tipping fees and the increased distances many communities must ship their waste for disposal at the larger, more regional MSW landfills in the state.

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Percent of MSW Disposed in Georgia Landfills From Out-of-State Sources

0%2%4%6%8%

10%12%14%16%

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Source: Annual Solid Waste Report – DCA

From 1994 through 1998 the percent of MSW disposed in landfills in Georgia from out-of-state sources remained fairly constant, averaging just 2.0% of the MSW disposed in the state.

From 1998 to 1999 the amount of out-state waste disposed in Georgia more than doubled, from just less than 200,000 tons to over 450,000 tons. In 1999 waste from out-of-state sources accounted for 4.8% of the MSW disposed in the state.

From 1999 to 2004, the amount of out-of-state waste more than tripled, from slightly more than 450,000 tons in 1999 to more than 1.6 million tons in 2003, or 13.5% of the waste entering Georgia MSW landfills.

The amount of waste exported from Georgia is not reported to EPD, however based upon DCA’s Local Government Solid Waste Management Survey and Full Cost Report, 17 local governments reported that the waste generated within their community was sent to out-of-state disposal facilities. Based upon the population within these communities and using a per capita MSW disposal rate of 7.14 lbs per capita it can be estimated that approximately 275,000 tons of waste were exported from Georgia in 2003. (The Cities reporting they exported their waste included: Donalsonville, Gibson, Iron City, Jakin, LaGrange, Menlo, Sylvannia, and Trion. The Counties reporting they exported their waste included: Chattooga, Clay, Columbia, Dade, Early, Jenkins, Screven, Seminole, and Walker; for a total population of 210,679)

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Georgia Landfill Disposal 2003Public vs. Private (in million tons)

3.0

9

30.63

41 MSW Landfills

16 MSW Landfills

14 C&D Landfills

37 C&D Landfills

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2

3

4

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6

7

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9

10

Public Private

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MSW Disposal C&D Disposal # of MSW Facilities # of C&D Facilities

Public Private

In 2004 there were 57 municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills accepting waste for disposal in Georgia; 41 were owned by the public sector and 16 were privately owned. Of the 11.7 million tons of MSW disposed in 2004, only 3 million tons were disposed at the 41 facilities owned by the public sector, while almost nine million tons were disposed at the 16 privately owned MSW landfills in the state.

Construction and Demolition (C&D) disposal rates followed a very similar pattern, 625,000 tons of C&D waste disposed at the 37 C&D landfills owned by the public sector and over nearly three million tons of C&D waste disposed at the 16 privately owned C&D landfills in the state.

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Solid Waste Disposal InfrastructureTransfer Stations


With fewer landfills located throughout the state, the number of permitted solid waste transfer stations has grown significantly over the last decade. This change has required many local governments to deliver their waste to larger, more regional solid waste landfills in the state.

This map shows the location of the current permitted solid waste transfer stations in the state. A complete 2004 directory of the transfer stations, including owner/operator information and a photographic inventory is available from the Department of Community Affairs.

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Solid Waste Transfer Facilities

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200

250

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Permitted Transfer StationsSource: EPD

In an effort to identify where the permitted solid waste transfers were located in the state, DCA staff compiled an inventory of all the permitted municipal solid waste transfer stations and their GIS coordinates. Based upon this field survey conducted in the Fall of 2003, there were 73 facilities that actively received waste for solid waste handling and transfer to a MSW landfill. Of the 73 facilities, 40 were owned by local governments. Many of the other permits issued are for medical waste facilities, facilities that were assigned permit numbers but were never constructed, or for facilities where the ownership transferred and a new permit number was issued, or the facility was closed but the permit number remains active.

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Average Landfill Tipping Fees: July, 2003

-

-

MSW

$30-34$35+$25-29

$20–24

-

-

C&D

Source: DCA Phone Survey $15-19N/A

2004 Fee SurveyThe weighted State Average MSW Fee $34.95, up from $32.85 in 2003The weighted State Average C&D Fee: $28.14, up from $28.15 in 2003

The regional average tipping fee in the Northeastern part of the nation is far higher, with an average tipping fee of $55 per ton, with the state of New Hampshire reporting an average of more than $76 per ton.

Please note that the tipping fees reported for Georgia are the posted gate rate fees, actual tipping fees vary greatly depending upon the volume of waste delivered to a facility and are often times significantly less than the posted gate rates.

For a complete listing of the average tipping fees in the state by RDC, consult the Annual Solid Waste Report on-line at www.dca.state.ga.us.

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Tipping FeesAverage Fee Per Ton 2001-2004

Source: DCA Office of Environmental Management Phone Survey

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$5.00

$10.00

$15.00

$20.00

$25.00

$30.00

$35.00

$40.00

2001 2002 2003 2004

MSW C&D Linear (MSW) Linear (C&D)

This graph shows the trend in MSW and C&D tipping fees from 2001 to 2003.

MSW tipping fees have gone from a statewide average of $31.97 per ton in 2001 to $33.26 per ton in 2003.

C&D tipping fees fluctuated from a statewide average of $25.94 per ton in 2001 to $28.16 per ton in 2003.

As can be seen from the linear trend lines; both MSW and C&D fees have generally increased over the period, C&D fees appear to be increasing at a somewhat greater rate than MSW tipping fees. It is expected as additional C&D disposal capacity is permitted, this line will flatten. Given the increased environmental design standards for MSW landfills and the density of C&D materials, MSW tipping fees are always expected to be higher than C&D tipping fees.

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Solid Waste Disposal Services

Local Government Programs

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How Local Governments Dispose of their Waste Fiscal Years 1999-2003

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003Government-owned landfill

360 (59%)

343 (58%)

326 (49%)

320 (48%)

311(48%)

Privately owned landfill255

(41%)252

(42%)260

(39%)261

(39%)262

(41%)Total number using landfills 615 595 586 581 573Government-owned incinerator 5 3 6 6 2Privately owned incinerator 7 4 3 4 5Total number using incinerators 12 7 9 10 7Out of state 14 19 20 16 17Unknown 48 61 N/A N/A N/A

Source: DCA Annual Solid Waste Management Surveys

In 1995, 70% of the local governments in the state reported that they disposed their waste in landfills owned by local governments and 30% disposed their waste in privately owned landfills. In 2003, 48% indicated they disposed their waste in publicly owned landfills, while 41% reported they disposed their waste at privately owned facilities.

The number of local governments exporting their waste to out-of-state facilities has remained fairly constant over the past five (5) years, with only 17 local governments reporting they exported their waste in 2003.

The only solid waste incinerator in the state is a privately owned Waste-to-Energy facility located in Savannah, they accept an average of 400 tons a day of municipal solid waste to convert to electricity.

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Local Government Operated Disposal Facilities

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

MSW Landfill Inert Landfill C&D Landfill


The number of MSW landfills owned and operated by local governments has decreased significantly over the last decade. In 1994, 115 local governments reported owning and operating their own landfill. In 2003 this number was reduced by more than half, with only 43 local governments in the state reporting they owned and operated their own landfill.

Throughout the past decade, local governments have continued to rely upon inert landfills for the disposal of concrete and land clearing debris. Inert landfills are “permit by rule” facilities, which means the owner/operator must notify EPD that they are in operation and adhere to some basic environmental performance standards.

From 1994 through 2002 the number of local governments reporting that they operated C&D landfills remained fairly constant, with an average of 27 local governments reporting they operated C&D facilities. In 2003, this number increased to 37 local governments.

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Solid Waste Transfer Facilities

0

20

40

60

80

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Local Govt Operated TFSSource: DCA Annual Solid Waste Management Surveys

The number of Local Governments reporting that they used solid waste transfer stations increased substantially from 1994 to 2003 from 57 to 72 local governments. Even more dramatic was the increase from 1993, when only 35 local governments reported owning and operating a solid waste transfer station.

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Solid Waste Collection Services


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Residential Solid Waste Collection

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100

200

300

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500

600

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Service Provided or Arranged For Private Vendors Local Government Service


In 2003, 565 local governments reported providing or arranging for solid waste collection services in their community.

In 1992, 191 local governments reported solid waste collection services were provided by the private sector and 510 reported they either provided the service themselves or contracted with another local government to provide the service. In 2003, 379 local governments reported that the private sector provided for the collection of solid waste in their community, while 362 reported they relied upon a local government to provide the collection services.

The following graphs show the manner in which local governments provide for or arrange for solid waste collection in their community and show the type of residential solid waste collection services available in their communities.

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Residential Waste Collection: Cities

020406080

100120140160180200

2001 2002 2003

No Private Collection Issue Permit or LicenseLocal Ordinance Franchise AgreementContract for Service Open Competition - no local oversight


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Residential Waste Collection: Cities

0

100

200

300

400

500

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Curbside Staffed Drop-off Unstaffed Drop-off Dumpsters (Green Box)


Reporting of staffed and un-staffed drop-off categories were combined in the 2003 survey.

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Residential Waste Collection: Counties

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70

2001 2002 2003

No Private Collection Issue Permit or LicenseLocal Ordinance Franchise AgreementContract for Service Open Competition - no local oversight


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Residential Waste Collection: Counties

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1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Curbside Staffed Drop-off Unstaffed Drop-off Dumpsters (Green Box)


Reporting of staffed and un-staffed drop-off categories were combined in the 2003 survey.

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Yard Trimmings Management


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Yard Trimmings Collection: Cities

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250

300

2000 2001 2002 2003

Not Available Private Vendor - Contract ServicePrivate Vendor - Individual Subscription Public Sector


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Yard Trimmings Collection: Cities

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100

150

200

250

300

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Curbside Staffed Drop-off

Unstaffed Drop-off Accept at Transfer Station/Landfill


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Yard Trimmings Processing: Cities

020406080

100120140160180200

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Compost Landfill Inert Landfill Grind/Chip


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Yard Trimmings Beneficial Use: Cities

0

25

50

75

100

125

150

175

200

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Give Away Sell Used by Local Government Private Processor Retains


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Yard Trimmings Collection: Counties

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20

30

4050

60

70

80

90

2000 2001 2002 2003

Not Available Private Vendor - Contract ServicePrivate Vendor - Individual Subscribe Public Sector


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Yard Trimmings Collection: Counties

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10

20

30

40

50

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Curbside Staffed Drop-off

Unstaffed Drop-off Accept at Transfer Station/Landfill


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Yard Trimmings Processing: Counties

0

10

20

30

40

50

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Compost Landfill Inert Landfill Grind/Chip


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Yard Trimmings Beneficial Use: Counties

0

10

20

30

40

50

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Give Away Sell Used by Local Government Private Processor Retains


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Solid Waste InfrastructureYard TrimmingsFacilities


This map shows the location of the reported local government composting and mulching operations in the state.

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Recycling Services


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Residential Recycling Services

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Recycling Services Available Private VendorsLocal Government Service Non-profit Provider


In 2003, over 440 local governments reported that recycling services were available in their communities.

Since 1996, the provider of these services has increasingly been local governments, with over 390 local governments reporting they provided recycling services in 2003.

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Georgia Recycling Programs


100

200

300

400

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Corrugated Glass PET HDPE Steel Cans

While DCA does not require communities to report the amount of materials they recycle, we do ask them to report the type of materials accepted in their recycling programs. The question we used to track this information changed in 1995. In 1995 we asked communities to report what materials were accepted “by the government providing the recycling services” vs. what materials “were accepted in recycling programs” in their community. Thus, the significant dip in reported programs in 1995.

The downward trend reported for each material type since 1999 is reflective of the total number of communities that reported recycling services available within their communities. From 1999 to 2003 the number of communities reporting recycling services available within their communities has dropped from 501 local governments to 444. Please note that some of that drop is attributable to the number of local governments reporting to DCA, in 1999 676 local governments responded, in 2003 644 responded.

From 1995 to 1999, corrugated cardboard, glass, and PET recycling collection programs were widely incorporated into many local government recycling programs. In 1999 366 local governments reported corrugated cardboard recycling programs existed in their communities, 333 reported glass and 327 reported PET recycling programs were available. In 2003 these numbers dropped to 287 local governments reporting corrugated cardboard recycling programs, 251 reporting glass collection services available, and 256 reporting PET recycling services available in their community.

Steel cans were reported to be one of the least commonly accepted recyclable materials of those presented in the graph, with only 195 local governments reporting they had programs to accept them in 1999 and 157 in 2003.

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Georgia Recycling Programs

050

100150200250300350400450500

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Newspaper Aluminum Christmas Trees Tires C&D

Source: DCA Annual Solid Waste Management Reports

Since 1992, newspaper has been reported as the most widely collected recyclable material, followed by aluminum. In 1999 approximately 450 communities reported they accepted newspaper and 400 accepted aluminum cans. In 2003, these numbers fell to 365 communities reporting that they had newspaper recycling services available within their community and 334 reporting the availability of aluminum can recycling services in their community.

In 1999, Christmas Tree recycling was available in almost 40% of Georgia’s communities, with 278 local governments reporting they had Christmas Tree recycling services available in their community. This number dropped to 244 in 2003 or 35% of Georgia’s communities.

The number of communities collecting tires rose over 60% from 1992 to 1999, with a total of 157 communities reporting they had scrap tire collection services available in their community. This number dropped to 136 in 2003, representing 20% of Georgia’s communities.

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Number of Survey Respondents

050

100150200250300350400450500550600650700750

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Cities County Total

Source: DCA Annual Solid Waste Management Reports

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Solid Waste Trends in Georgia: Issues Examined

Disposal Capacity

Disposal Fees

Solid Waste Infrastructure

Waste Reduction/Recycling

Public v. Private Service Providers

Specifically, this presentation examines the trends over the past decade by examining the following issues:

•Disposal Capacity•Disposal Fees•Solid Waste Infrastructure•Waste Reduction & Recycling•Public v. Private Service Providers and the increasing role of Privatization & Increased Competition; and•The handling of various Special Waste streams

Documents

Solid Waste Management Trends in Georgia – 2005 Solid_Waste_Trends.pdf · Solid Waste Management Trends in Georgia – 2005 ... Changing solid waste management trends in Georgia