Solas Fire

RULES FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING

STEEL VESSELS2002

NOTICE NO. 2 – May 2002

The following Rule Changes are EFFECTIVE AS OF 1 JULY 2002 *.

(* Application of these Rules is based on the date of keel laying or similar stage of construction.)

Note: These Rule changes to Part 4, Chapter 7, “Fire Safety Systems” of the Rules for Building andClassing Steel Vessels are prepared on the basis of the 2000 Amendments to SOLAS 1974, which willbecome effective on 1 July 2002. All changes in this Notice are intended to reflect compliance withthe 2000 Amendments only.

ABS The Technical Committee approved the contents of this Rule Change Notice No. 2 on 12 April2002.

ABS RULES FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING STEEL VESSELS . 2002 1

P A R T

4C H A P T E R 7 Fire Safety Systems

S E C T I O N 1 General Provisions 4 - 7 - 1

1 Application (1 July 2002)4-7-1/1

The provisions of Part 4, Chapter 7 apply to all self-propelled ocean-going cargo vessels of 500gross tonnage and above.

Attention is directed to the appropriate governmental authority in each case, as there may beadditional requirements, depending on the size, type and intended service of the vessels.Consideration will be given to fire-extinguishing systems that comply with the publishedrequirements of the governmental authority of the country whose flag the vessel is entitled to flyas an alternative or addition to the requirements of this section.

Specific requirements for specialized vessels, such as oil carriers, ro-ro vessels, etc., as providedin Part 5, and for passenger vessels as provided in the Guide for Building and Classing PassengerVessels, are also to be complied with as applicable.

The requirements in this section are in substantial agreement with SOLAS 1974, as amended, forcargo ships. Text shown in italic font is adapted directly from SOLAS, with changes only totenses and references.

Alternative designs and arrangements (see Regulation II-2/17) deviating from these requirementsmay be specially considered provided the Flag Administration approves the engineering analysisfor evaluation of the design and arrangements and recognizes that they meet the fire safetyobjectives and the functional requirements. [Refer to the Guidelines on Alternative Design andArrangements for Fire Safety (MSC/Circ. 1002)].

3 Basic Principles 4-7-1/3

The requirements of fire safety are based on the following basic principles

i) The provision of appropriate fire detection and extinguishing systems and equipmentcapable of extinguishing the types and scales of fire that are likely to occur on board thevessel. These requirements are as specified in SOLAS and are provided in this section.

ii) The proper design of fuel oil and other flammable fluid systems to assure the integrity ofcontainment, to guard against the inadvertent escape of the flammable fluids, and tominimize the likelihood of ignition in the event of an escape or loss of containment.These requirements are as specified in Regulations II-2/4 of SOLAS and are provided in4-6-4/5 and 4-6-4/6.

Part 4 Vessel Systems and MachineryChapter 7 Fire Safety SystemsSection 1 General Provisions 4-7-1

2 ABS RULES FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING STEEL VESSELS . 2002

iii) The protection of crew accommodation spaces, by means of structural insulation, fromspaces of high fire risks and from the spread of fire; and the protection of escape routes inthe event of a fire outbreak. These requirements are as specified in SOLAS and areprovided in Section 3-4-1.

iv) The identification of fire risks of the cargoes carried or that related to the specificfunctions of the vessel, and the provision of effective means to both prevent andextinguish fires in the cargo and working spaces. These requirements are as specified inSOLAS and are provided in Part 5 for each vessel type.

5 Organization of Chapter 7 4-7-1/5

The chapter contains two main sets of requirements:

Section 4-7-2 describes the fire extinguishing fixtures and fire safety requirements ofspaces of different fire risks on board vessels; and

Section 4-7-3 describes the requirements for each type of fire extinguishing system andequipment.

The organization of the chapter is illustrated in 4-7-1/Figure 1.

FIGURE 1Organization of Chapter 7

Section 1General Provisions

2.1Machinery spaces

2.3Accommodation

and ServiceSpaces

2.5Miscellaneous

high risk spaces

Part 5Specialized Cargo

Vessels

2.7Cargospaces

Section 2Provisions for

Specific Spaces

3.1Fire mainsystem

3.3Fixed gassystems

3.5Fixed foam

system

3.7Fixed water

spray system

3.9Automatic

sprinkler system

3.11Fire detection

& alarm system

3.13Sample extractionsmoke detection

system

3.15Miscellaneous

fire fightingequipment

Section 3Fire-extinguishing

Systems & Equipment

Chapter 7Fire Safety



7 Plans and Data to be Submitted 4-7-1/7

Plans and specifications of the following fire fighting systems and equipment are to be submitted.

Arrangement and details of fire main system

Arrangement and details of portable fire extinguishing equipment

Fixed fire-extinguishing systems (for example: CO2, water sprinkler, foam, etc.)

Fixed fire detection and alarm systems

Other fire extinguishing arrangements

Fire extinguishing appliances

Control station for emergency closing of openings and stopping machinery

Fireman’s outfits

Fire control plan (see 4-7-1/9)

Arrangements of control stations indicated in the fire control plan

Helicopter operations fire fighting system (where applicable)

In general, piping system plans are to be diagrammatic and are to include the followinginformation:

Types, sizes, materials, construction standards, and pressure and temperature ratings ofpiping components other than pipes.

Materials, outside diameter or nominal pipe size, and wall thickness or schedule of pipes.

Design pressure and design temperature.

Maximum pump pressures and/or relief valve settings.

Flash point of flammable liquids, if below 60°C (140°F).

Instrumentation (optional).

Legend for symbols used.

9 Fire Control Plan (1 July 2002) 4-7-1/9

General arrangement plans are to be permanently exhibited for the guidance of the vessel'sofficers, showing clearly for each deck the control stations, the various fire sections enclosed by‘‘A’’ class divisions, the sections enclosed by ‘‘B’’ class divisions together with particulars of thefire detection and fire alarm systems, the sprinkler installation, the fire extinguishing appliances,means of access to different compartments, decks, etc. and the ventilating system includingparticulars of the fan control positions, the position of dampers and identification numbers of theventilating fans serving each section.

Alternatively, the aforementioned details may be set out in a booklet a copy of which is to besupplied to each officer, and one copy is to be available at all times on board in an accessibleposition. Plans and booklets are to be kept up to date, any alterations thereto are to be recordedas soon as practicable. Description in such plans and booklets are to be in the l language orlanguages required by the Administration. If the language is neither English nor French, atranslation into one of those languages is to be included. A duplicate set of fire control plans or abooklet containing such plans are to be permanently stored in a prominently marked weathertightenclosure outside the deckhouse for the assistance of shore-side fire fighting personnel. [Refer tothe Guidance concerning the location of the fire control plans for assistance of shoreside fire-fighting personnel (MSC/Cir.451).]



11 Definitions 4-7-1/11

11.1 A, B or C Class Division 4-7-1/11.1

A division formed by bulkheads, decks, ceiling, lining and non-combustible materials capable ofpreventing the passage of smoke and flame when subject to a standard fire test for a specifiedduration as defined in SOLAS 1974, as amended, Regulation II-2/3.

11.3 Accommodation Spaces 4-7-1/11.3

Accommodation Spaces are those spaces used for public spaces, corridors, lavatories, cabins,offices, hospitals, cinemas, games and hobbies rooms, barber shops, pantries containing nocooking appliances and similar spaces.

11.5 Public Spaces 4-7-1/11.5

Public Spaces are those portions of the accommodation which are used for halls, dining rooms,lounges and similar permanently enclosed spaces.

11.7 Service Spaces 4-7-1/11.7

Service Spaces are those spaces used for galleys, pantries containing cooking appliances,lockers, mail and specie rooms, store-rooms, workshops other than those forming part of themachinery spaces, and similar spaces and trunks to such spaces.

11.9 Cargo Spaces (1 July 2002)4-7-1/11.9

Cargo Spaces are all spaces used for cargo, cargo oil tanks, tanks for other liquid cargo andtrunks to such spaces.

11.11 Ro-Ro Cargo Spaces (1 July 2002)4-7-1/11.11

Ro-Ro Cargo Spaces are spaces not normally subdivided in any way and normally extending toeither a substantial length or the entire length of the vessel in which motor vehicle with fuel intheir tanks for their own propulsion and/or goods (packaged or in bulk, in or on rail or road cars,vehicles (including road or rail tankers), trailers, containers, pallets, demountable tanks or in oron similar stowage units or other receptacles) can be loaded and unloaded normally in ahorizontal direction.

Open Ro-Ro Cargo Spaces are those ro-ro spaces that are either open at both ends, or have anopening at one end, and are provided with adequate natural ventilation effective over their entirelength through permanent openings distributed in the side plating or deck-head or from above,having a total area of at least 10% of the total area of the space side.

Closed Ro-Ro Cargo Spaces are ro-ro spaces which are neither open ro-ro spaces nor weatherdecks (see 4-7-1/11.13).

11.13 Weather Deck 4-7-1/11.13

Weather Deck is a deck which is completely exposed to the weather from above and from at leasttwo sides.



11.15 Machinery Spaces of Category A (1 July 2002)4-7-1/11.15

Machinery Spaces of Category A are those spaces and trunks to such spaces which containeither:

i) internal combustion machinery used for main propulsion;

ii) internal combustion machinery used for purposes other than main propulsion where suchmachinery has in the aggregate a total power output of not less than 375 kW (500 hp);

iii) any oil-fired boiler or oil fuel unit, or any oil-fired equipment other than boiler, such asinert gas generator, incinerator, waste disposal units, etc.

11.17 Machinery Spaces 4-7-1/11.17

Machinery Spaces are all machinery spaces of category A and all other spaces containingpropulsion machinery, boilers, oil fuel units, steam and internal combustion engines, generatorsand major electrical machinery, oil filling stations, refrigerating, stabilizing, ventilation and airconditioning machinery, and similar spaces, and trunks to such spaces.

11.19 Oil Fuel Unit 4-7-1/11.19

Oil Fuel Unit is the equipment used for the preparation of oil fuel for delivery to an oil-firedboiler (including inert gas generators, incinerators, waste disposal units, etc.), or equipment usedfor the preparation for delivery of heated or non-heated oil to an internal combustion engine, andincludes any oil pressure pumps, filters and heaters dealing with oil at a pressure of more than1.8 bar (1.8 kg/cm2, 26 psi).

11.21 Control Stations (1 July 2002)4-7-1/11.21

Control Stations are those spaces in which the vessel's radio or main navigating equipment or theemergency source of power is located or where the fire recording or fire control equipment iscentralized. Spaces where the fire recording or fire control equipment is centralized are alsoconsidered to be a fire control station.

Spaces containing, for instance, the following battery sources are to be regarded as controlstations regardless of battery capacity:

i) emergency batteries in separate battery room for power supply from black-out till start ofemergency generator;

ii) emergency batteries in separate battery room as reserve source of energy toradiotelegraph installation;

iii) batteries for start of emergency generator;

iv) and, in general, all emergency batteries required in pursuance of 4-8-2/5.

11.23 Continuously Manned Central Control Station (1 July 2002)

Continuously manned central control station is a central control station, which is continuouslymanned by a responsible member of the crew.

11.25 Dangerous Goods 4-7-1/11.23

Dangerous Goods are those goods referred to in SOLAS Regulation VII/2 (see also 4-7-2/Table1).



13 Piping Systems 4-7-1/13

Piping systems in this Chapter are subject to the provisions of Part 4, Chapter 6, Section 1,Section 2 and Section 3 (referred to as Section 4-6-1, Section 4-6-2, and Section 4-6-3) for pipematerials, pipe design, fabrication and testing, and piping general installation requirements.

15 Additional Fixed Fire Extinguishing Systems (1 July 2002)

Where a fixed fire extinguishing system not required by Section 7-4-2 is installed, such system isto meet applicable requirements of the Section 4-7-3 and is to be submitted for approval.


P A R T


S E C T I O N 2 Provisions for Specific Spaces 4 -

7 - 2

1 Requirements for Machinery Spaces 4-7-2/1

In addition to the provisions of 4-7-3/1 for a fire main system, the following are to be compliedwith.

1.1 Spaces Containing Oil-fired Boilers or Oil Fuel Units 4-7-2/1.1

Requirements specified for oil-fired boilers are applicable also to oil-fired inert gas generators andoil-fired incinerators.

1.1.1 Fixed Fire Extinguishing Systems 4-7-2/1.1.1

Machinery spaces of category A containing oil-fired boilers or oil fuel units are to beprovided with any one of the following fixed fire extinguishing systems:

i) a gas system complying with the provisions of 4-7-3/3;

ii) a high expansion foam system complying with the provisions of 4-7-3/5.1; or

iii) a pressure water-spraying system complying with the provisions of 4-7-3/7.

In each case if the engine and boiler rooms are not entirely separate, or if fuel oil candrain from the boiler room into the engine room, the combined engine and boiler roomsare to be considered as one compartment.

1.1.2 Portable Foam Applicator (1 July 2002)4-7-2/1.1.2

There is to be in each boiler room, and each oil fuel unit room, or at the entrance outsideof the boiler room, or the oil fuel unit room at least one set of portable foam applicatorunit complying with the provisions of 4-7-3/15.3.

1.1.3 Portable Fire Extinguishers (1 July 2002)4-7-2/1.1.3

There are to be at least two portable foam extinguishers or equivalent in each firingspace in each boiler room and in each space in which a part of the oil fuel installation issituated. There is to be not less than one approved foam-type extinguisher of at least 135liters (36 US gallon) capacity or equivalent in each boiler room. These extinguishers areto be provided with hoses on reels suitable for reaching any part of the boiler room. Incase of domestic boilers of less than 175 kW an approved foam-type extinguisher of atleast 135 liters (36 US gallon) is not required.

Part 4 Vessel Systems and MachineryChapter 7 Fire Safety SystemsSection 2 Provisions for Specific Spaces 4-7-2


1.1.4 Dry Material (1 July 2002) 4-7-2/1.1.4

In each firing space there is to be a receptacle containing at least 0.1 m3 (3.5 ft3) of sand,sawdust impregnated with soda, or other approved dry material, along with a suitable shovelfor spreading the material. An approved portable extinguisher may be substituted as analternative.

Number of Fixed Systems, Applicators and ExtinguishersRequired by 4-7-2/1 (2001)

Systems, appliances& extinguishers →

Category Amachinery spaces ↓

Fixed fire-extin-

guishingsystem

Portablefoam

applica-tor(1)

Portablefoam extin-

guishers

Add’lportable

foam extin-guishers

135 l foamextinguisher

45 l foamextin-

guishers(2)Sand boxes (3)

Boiler room containing:

Oil-fired boilers 1 1 2N NA 1 (4) - N

Oil-fired boilers and oilfuel units

1 1 2N + 2 NA 1 (4) - N

Engine room containing:

Oil fuel units only 1 1 2 NA - - -

Internal combustionmachinery

1 1 x - y -

Internal combustionmachinery and oil fuelunits

1 1 x - y -

Combined engine/boiler room containing:

Internal combustionmachinery, oil firedboilers and oil fuel units

1 1(2N + 2) or x

whichever is greater1 (4) y (5) N

N = number of firing spaces (i.e. stations where the firing equipment is located)

2N = means that two extinguishers are to be located at each station containing the firing equipment

x = sufficient number, minimum two in each space, so located that there is at least one portable fire extinguisher within 10 mwalking distance from any point

y = sufficient number to enable foam to be directed onto any part of the fuel and lubricating oil pressure systems, gearing andother fire hazards

NA = not applicable

Notes:1 May be located outside of the entrance to the room.

2 May be arranged outside of the space concerned for smaller spaces on cargo vessels.

3 The amount of sand is to be at least 0.1 m3. For other approved dry materials, or substitution, refer to 4-7-2/1.1.4.

4 Not required for such spaces in cargo ships wherein all boilers contained therein are for domestic services and areless than 175 kW.

5 In case of machinery spaces containing both boilers and internal combustion engines, one of the foam fire-extinguishers of at least 45 l capacity or equivalent required by 4-7-1/1.3(iii) may be omitted on the condition thatthe 135 l extinguisher required by 4-7-2/1.1.3 can protect efficiently and readily the area that would be otherwisecovered by the 45 l extinguisher.

6 For the purpose of the statement in the table above, oil fired inert gas generators and oil fired incinerators are to beconsidered the same as oil fired boiler.



1.3 Spaces Containing Internal Combustion Machinery 4-7-2/1.3

Machinery spaces of category A containing internal combustion machinery are to be provided with:

i) One of the fixed fire extinguishing systems required by 4-7-2/1.1.1.

ii) At least one set of portable foam applicator unit complying with the provisions of4-7-3/15.3.

iii) In each such space approved foam type fire extinguishers, each of at least 45 liters (12 USgallon) capacity or equivalent, sufficient in number to enable foam or its equivalent to bedirected on to any part of the fuel and lubricating oil pressure systems, gearing and other firehazards. In addition, there are to be provided a sufficient number of portable foamextinguishers, or equivalent, which are to be so located that no point in the space is morethan 10 m (33 ft) walking distance from an extinguisher and that there are at least two suchextinguishers in each such space.

1.5 Spaces Containing Steam Turbines or Enclosed Steam Engines 4-7-2/1.5

In spaces containing steam turbines or enclosed steam engines used either for main propulsion or forother purposes when such machinery has in the aggregate a total power output of not less than375 kW (500 hp) there are to be provided:

i) Approved foam fire extinguishers each of at least 45 liter (12 gal) capacity or equivalentsufficient in number to enable foam or its equivalent to be directed on to any part of thepressure lubrication system, on to any part of the casings enclosing pressure lubricated partsof the turbines, engines or associated gearing, and any other fire hazards. However, suchextinguishers are not required if protection by a fixed fire extinguishing system in compliancewith 4-7-2/1.1.1 is provided.

ii) A sufficient number of portable foam extinguishers or equivalent which are to be so locatedthat no point in the space is more than 10 m (33 ft) walking distance from an extinguisher andthat there are at least two such extinguishers in each such space, except that suchextinguishers are not required in addition to any provided in compliance with 4-7-2/1.1.3.

iii) One of the fire-extinguishing systems required by 4-7-2/1.1.1, where such spaces areperiodically unattended.

1.7 Fire Extinguishing Appliances in Other Machinery Spaces 4-7-2/1.7

Any machinery space which is not required to be fitted with fire extinguishing provision of 4-7-2/1.1,4-7-2/1.3 or 4-7-2/1.5, but in which fire hazards exist, is to be provided with a sufficient number ofportable fire extinguishers or other means of fire extinction in, or adjacent to, that space.

1.9 Machinery Space Openings 4-7-2/1.11

1.9.1 General 4-7-2/1.11.1

In machinery space of category A, the number of skylights, doors, ventilators, openings infunnels to permit exhaust ventilation and other openings to machinery spaces are to bereduced to a minimum consistent with the needs of ventilation and the proper and safeworking of the vessel. In addition, the following requirements are also applicable. Othermachinery spaces, where significant fire hazards exist, are also subject to the samerequirements.

1.9.2 Skylights (1 July 2002)4-7-2/1.11.2

Machinery space skylights are to be of steel and are not to contain glass panels. Suitablearrangements are to be made to permit the release of smoke in the event of fire, from thespace to be protected, subject to the provision of 4-7-2/1.11.1 above. The normal ventilationsystems may be acceptable for this purpose.



1.9.3 Windows 4-7-2/1.11.3

Windows are not to be fitted in boundaries of machinery space. This does not preclude the useof glass in control rooms within the machinery spaces.

1.9.4 Access to Machinery Space (1 July 2002)4-7-2/1.11.4

1 . 9 . 4 (a ) E s c a p e s . Two means of escapes are to be provided from each machinery spaceof category A. In particular the following provisions are to be complied with:

i) Two sets of ladders as widely separated as possible leading to doors in the upperparts of the space similarly separated and from which access is provided to the opendeck. One of these ladders is to be located within a protected enclosure that satisfiesthe requirements of SOLAS II-2/Reg. 9.2.3.3, category 4, from the lower part of thespace it serves to a position outside the space. Self-closing fire doors of the same fireintegrity are to be fitted in the enclosure. The ladder is to be fitted in such way thatheat is not transferred into the enclosure through non-insulated fixing points. Theenclosure is to have minimum internal dimensions of at least 800 mm x 800 mm (31.5inch x 31.5 inch), and is to have emergency lighting provisions ; or

ii) One steel ladder leading to a door in the upper part of the space from which access isprovided to the open deck and additionally, in the lower part of the space and in aposition well separated from the ladder referred to, a steel door capable of beingoperated from each side and which provides access to a safe escape route from thelower part of the space to the open deck.

In vessels of less than 1000 gross tonnage, one of the means of escape may be dispensedwith, due regard being paid to the dimension and disposition of the upper part of the space. Inaddition, the means of escape from machinery spaces of category A need not comply with therequirement for en enclosed fire shelter listed in 4-7-2/1.11.4i). In the steering gear space, asecond means of escape is to be provided when the emergency steering position is located inthat space unless there is direct access to the open deck.

1.9.4(b) Shaft tunnel. When access to any machinery space of category A is provided at alow level from an adjacent shaft tunnel, there is to be provided in the shaft tunnel, near thewatertight door, a light steel fire-screen door operable from each side.

1 . 9 . 4 ( c ) A c c e s s t o m a c h i n e r y s p a c e o t h e r t h a n c a t e g o r y A . Frommachinery spaces other than those of category A, two escape routes are to be provided exceptthat a single escape rout may be accepted for spaces that are entered only occasionally, andfor spaces where the maximum travel distance to the door is 5 meters (16.4 feet) or less..

1 . 9 . 4 (d ) L i f t s . Lifts are not to be considered as forming one of the required means ofescape.

1.9.4(e) Emergency Escape Breathing Devices. On all vessels, within themachinery spaces, emergency escape breathing devices are to be situated ready for use ateasily visible places, which can be reached quickly and easily at any time in the event of fire.The location of emergency escape breathing devices is to take into account the layout of themachinery space and the number of persons normally working in the space. (See MSC/Circ.849) The emergency escape breathing devices are to comply with the provisions of4-7-3/15.7. The number and locations of these devices are to be indicated in the fire controlplan (see 4-7-1/9).



1.9.5 Machinery Space Ventilation (1 July 2002)4-7-2/1.11.5

The main inlets and outlets of all ventilation systems are to be capable of being closed fromoutside the machinery space. The means of closing is to be easily accessible as well asprominently and permanently marked and is to indicate whether the shut-off is open orclosed. All the ventilation of machinery spaces is to be capable of being stopped from aneasily accessible position outside the machinery space. This position is not to be readily cutoff in the event of a fire in the machinery space. Controls provided for power ventilationserving machinery spaces are to be grouped so as to be operable from two positions, one ofwhich is to be outside such spaces. The means provided for stopping the power ventilation ofthe machinery spaces is to be entirely separated from the means provided for stoppingventilation of other spaces.

1.9.6 Closing of Openings and Emergency Shutdowns (1 July 2002)4-7-2/1.11.6

Means of control, located outside the machinery space where they will not be cut off in theevent of fire in the machinery space concerned, are to be provided for:

i) opening and closure of skylights, closure of openings in funnels which normally allowexhaust ventilation, and closure of ventilator dampers (Emergency generator roomopenings for intake of combustion air and cooling air need not be fitted with means ofclosure for fire integrity purposes unless a fixed fire fighting system for theemergency generator space is provided.);

ii) permitting the release of smoke;

iii) closing power-operated doors or actuating release mechanism on doors other thanpower-operated watertight doors;

iv) stopping ventilating fans;

v) stopping forced and induced draught fans, oil fuel transfer pumps, oil fuel unitpumps, lubricating oil service pumps, thermal oil circulating pumps and oilseparators (purifiers) and other similar fuel pumps (see 4-7-2/1.13.1), includingstopping of fired equipment such as incinerator, this need not to apply to oily waterseparators; and

vi) closing of valves at fuel oil tanks and lubricating oil tanks (see 4-7-2/1.13.1):

vii) closing of the fuel valves in supply and spill piping to individual engine for multi-engine installation (see 4-6-5/3.3.8 and 4-6-5/5.5.6).

1.11 Fire Precautions for Fuel Oil, Lubricating Oil and Other Flammable Oils 4-7-2/1.13

1.11.1 Fire Precautions 4-7-2/1.13.1

References are to be made to the following provisions for prevent of fire that may arise due tothe storage and use of flammable liquids:

4-6-4/13 and 4-6-4/15: for the storage, distribution and utilization of fuel oil andlubricating oil;

4-6-5/3 and 4-6-5/5: for fuel oil and lubricating oil systems of internal combustionengine installations;

4-6-6/7: for boiler fuel oil installations;

4-6-6/9: for lubricating oil systems of steam turbine and gear installations;

4-6-7/3: for hydraulic oil systems.



1.11.2 Fixed local application fire-fighting systems (1 July 2002)

Machinery spaces of category A above 500 m3 in volume, in addition to the fixed fire-extinguishing system required in 4-7-2/1.1.1 or 4-7-2/1.3 or 4-7-2/1.5, are to be protected byapproved type of fixed water-based or equivalent local application fire-fighting systemcomplying with the provision of the IMO Guidelines for the Approval of Fixed Water-basedLocal Application Fire-fighting System for Use in Category A Machinery Spaces, MSC/Circ.913. In the case of periodically unattended machinery spaces, the fire fighting system is tohave both automatic and manual release capabilities. In case of continuously mannedmachinery spaces, the fire-fighting system is only required to have a manual releasecapability. The fixed local fire-fighting systems are to protect areas such as the followingwithout the necessity of engine shutdown, personnel evacuation, or sealing the spaces:

i) the fire hazard portion of internal combustion machinery used for the vessel's mainpropulsion and power generation;

ii) boiler front;

iii) the fire hazard portions of incinerators; and

iv) purifiers for heated fuel oil, see 4-6-4/13.9.2

Activation of any local application system shall give a visual and distinct audible alarm in theprotected space and at continuously manned stations. The alarm is to indicate the specificsystem activated. The system alarm requirements described within this paragraph are inaddition to, and not a substitute for, the detection and fire alarm system required in elsewherein Section 4-7-2 and Section 4-7-3.

1.13 Propulsion Machinery Spaces Intended for Centralized or UnattendedOperation 4-7-2/1.15

1.13.1 Fire Detection and Alarm Systems (1 July 2002)4-7-2/1.15.1

Where a vessel’s propulsion machinery is intended for centralized or unattended operation(ACC or ACCU notation; see Part 4, Chapter 9), a fixed fire detection and alarm systemcomplying with 4-7-3/11, and as specified below, is to be provided in the propulsionmachinery space.

Also, a fixed fire detection system, is to be installed in a machinery spaces where:

i) the installation of automatic and remote control system and equipment has beenapproved in lieu of continuos manning of the space, and;

ii) the main propulsion and associated machinery including sources of the main sourcesof electrical power are provided with various degrees of automatic or remote controland are under continuous supervision from a control room.

1 . 1 3 . 1 ( a ) D e t e c t o r s . This fire detection system is to be so designed and the detectorsso positioned as to detect rapidly the onset of fire in any part of the space and under normalconditions of operation of the machinery and variation of ventilation as required by thepossible range of ambient temperatures. Except in spaces of restricted height and where theiruse is specially appropriate, detection systems using only thermal detectors are not permitted.

Additionally, where fire detectors are provided with means to adjust their sensitivity, thearrangements are to be such that the set point can be fixed and readily identified. Sucharrangements are to comply with the following:



i) A permanent means clearly identifying the set point of each adjustable detector is tobe provided. This may be accomplished by:

the placement of a permanent marking or etching directly on the detectorwhich identifies the set point,

for those devices that are provided with a calibrated scale, a permanentindication or notation recorded directly on the detector which identifies theset point,

indication in the control panel of the set level of each such detector, or

other acceptable means (e.g., log book record, etc.); and

ii) Means are to be provided to fix or otherwise secure the sensitivity settings of thedetectors in a manner that ensures that the setting(s) will not be inadvertently oraccidentally changed due to vibration, physical contact or changes in environmentalconditions.

1 . 1 3 . 1 ( b ) A l a r m s . The detection system is to initiate audible and visual alarms distinctin both respects from the alarms of any other system not indicating fire, in sufficient places toensure that the alarms are heard and observed on the navigating bridge and by a responsibleengineer officer. When the navigating bridge is unmanned the alarm is to sound in a placewhere responsible member of the crew is on duty. See also 4-9-3/15.5.1 and 4-9-4/21.5 forvessels assigned with ACC and ACCU respectively.

1 . 1 3 . 1 (c ) T e s t i n g . After installation, the system is to be tested under varying conditionsof engine operation and ventilation.

1.13.2 Fire Main System 4-7-2/1.15.2

The fire main system is to comply with the additional provisions of 4-7-3/1.5.5.

1.13.3 Fire Fighting Station 4-7-2/1.15.3

Vessels intended to be operated with unattended propulsion machinery space are to be fittedwith a fire fighting station complying with the provisions of 4-9-4/21.1.

3 Requirements for Accommodation and Service Spaces,and Control Stations 4-7-2/3

In addition to the provisions of 4-7-3/1 for a fire main system, the following are to be complied with.

3.1 Methods of Structural Fire Protection (1 July 2002)4-7-2/3.1

One of the following methods of protection is to be adopted in accommodation and service spaces,and control stations:

3.1.1 Method I C 4-7-2/3.1.1

Method I C involves the construction of all internal divisional bulkheads of non-combustible‘‘B’’ or ‘‘C’’ class divisions, generally without the installation of an automatic sprinkler, firedetection and fire alarm system in the accommodation and service spaces, except as requiredby 4-7-2/3.3.1.

3.1.2 Method II C 4-7-2/3.1.2

Method II C involves the fitting of an automatic sprinkler, fire detection and fire alarm systemas required by 4-7-2/3.3.2 for the detection and extinction of fire in all spaces in which firemight be expected to originate, generally with no restriction on the type of internal divisionalbulkheading.



3.1.3 Method III C 4-7-2/3.1.3

Method III C involves the fitting of a fixed fire detection and fire alarm system, as required by4-7-2/3.3.3, in all spaces in which a fire might be expected to originate, generally with norestriction on the type of internal divisional bulkheads, except that in no case must the areaof any accommodation space or spaces bounded by an ‘‘A’’ or ‘‘B’’ class division exceed 50m2(545 ft2). Consideration may be given to increasing this area for public spaces.

3.3 Fixed Fire Detection and Fire Alarm Systems; Automatic Sprinkler, FireDetection and Fire Alarm Systems (1 July 2002)4-7-2/3.3

Accommodation and service spaces and control stations of cargo vessels are to be protected by afixed fire detection and fire alarm and/or an automatic sprinkler, fire detection and fire alarm systemas follows depending on a protection method adopted in accordance with 4-7-2/3.1.

3.3.1 Requirements for Method I C 4-7-2/3.3.1

In vessels in which Method I C is adopted, a fixed fire detection and fire alarm system of anapproved type complying with the requirements of 4-7-3/11is to be installed and arranged asto provide smoke detection in all corridors, stairways and escape routes withinaccommodation spaces.

3.3.2 Requirements for Method II C 4-7-2/3.3.2

In vessels in which Method II C is adopted, an automatic sprinkler, fire detection and firealarm system of an approved type complying with the relevant requirements of 4-7-3/9 is tobe installed and arranged as to protect accommodation spaces, galleys and other servicespaces, except spaces which afford no substantial fire risk, such as void spaces, sanitaryspaces, etc. In addition, a fixed fire detection and fire alarm system of an approved typecomplying with the requirements of 4-7-3/11is to be so installed and arranged as to providesmoke detection in all corridors, stairways and escape routes within accommodation spaces.

3.3.3 Requirements for Method III C 4-7-2/3.3.3

In vessels in which Method III C is adopted, a fixed fire detection and fire alarm system of anapproved type complying with the requirements of 4-7-3/11 is to be so installed and arrangedas to detect the presence of fire in all accommodation spaces and service spaces providingsmoke detection in corridors, stairways and escape routes within accommodations spaces,except spaces which afford no substantial fire risk such as void spaces, sanitary spaces, etc.In addition, a fixed fire detection and fire alarm system is to be so installed and arranged asto provide smoke detection in all corridors, stairways and escapes routes withinaccommodation spaces

3.5 Portable Extinguishers (1 July 2002)4-7-2/3.5

Accommodation spaces (see 4-7-1/11.3) service spaces (see 4-7-1/11.7) and control stations (see4-7-1/11.21) are to be provided with portable fire extinguishers of appropriate types. One of theportable fire extinguishers intended for use in any space is to be stowed near the entrance to thatspace. Corridors are to be provided with portable extinguishers at not more than 45 m (150 ft) apart.Vessels of 1,000 gross tonnage and upwards are to carry at least five portable fire extinguishers.

3.7 Ventilation Systems 4-7-2/3.7

3.7.1 Ventilation Ducts 4-7-2/3.7.1

Ventilation ducts are to be constructed and installed in accordance with Section 3-4-1 andReg. II-2/9.7 of SOLAS.



3.7.2 Main Inlets and Outlets (1 July 2002)4-7-2/3.7.2

The main inlets and outlets of all ventilation systems are to be capable of being closed fromoutside the spaces being ventilated. The means of closing is to be easily accessible as well asprominently and permanently marked and is to indicate whether the shut-off is open orclosed.

3.7.3 Stopping of Power Ventilation (1 July 2002)4-7-2/3.7.3

All the ventilation of accommodation spaces, service spaces and control stations are to becapable of being stopped from an easily accessible position outside the space being served.This position is not to be readily cut off in the event of a fire in spaces served. The meansprovided for stopping the power ventilation of the machinery spaces is to be entirely separatefrom the means provided for stopping ventilation for other spaces. See 4-8-4/13.3.

3.7.4 Galley Range Exhaust Ducts 4-7-2/3.7.4

Where galley range exhaust ducts pass through accommodation spaces or spaces containingcombustible materials, the exhaust duct is to be constructed of ‘A’ class division. Eachexhaust duct is to be fitted with:

i) a grease trap readily removable for cleaning;

ii) a fire damper located in the lower end of the duct;

iii) arrangements, operable from within the galley, for shutting off the exhaust fan; and

iv) fixed means of extinguishing a fire within the duct.

3.9 Requirements for Gaseous Fuel for Domestic Purposes (1 July 2002)4-7-2/3.9

Gaseous fuel systems used for domestic purpose are to be submitted for approval. Storage of gasbottles is to be located on the open deck or in a well ventilated space which opens only to the opendeck.

5 Requirements for Miscellaneous High-risk Spaces 4-7-2/5


5.1 Paint and Flammable Liquids Lockers (2001) 4-7-2/5.1

Paint and flammable liquids lockers or any similar service spaces used for the storage of flammableliquids (such as solvents, adhesives, lubricants etc.) are to be protected by a fire extinguishingarrangement enabling the crew to extinguish a fire without entering the space. Unless required orpermitted otherwise by the flag Administration, one of the following systems is to be provided:

5.1.1 Lockers of 4 m2 (43 ft2) or more floor area and lockers with access toaccommodation spaces 4-7-2/5.1.1

i) Paint lockers and flammable liquid lockers of floor area 4 m2 (43 ft2) or more andalso such lockers of any floor area with access to accommodation spaces are to beprovided with one of the fixed fire extinguishing systems specified below: CO2

system, designed for 40 % of the gross volume of the space.

ii) Dry powder system, designed for at least 0.5 kg/m3 (0.03 lb/ft3).



iii) Water spraying system, designed for 5 liters/m2/minute (0.12 gpm/ft2). The waterspraying system may be connected to the vessel’s fire main system, in which case thefire pump capacity is to be sufficient for simultaneous operation of the fire mainsystem as required in 4-7-3/1.7 and the water spray system. Precautions are to betaken to prevent the nozzles from becoming clogged by impurities in the water orcorrosion of piping, nozzles, valves and pump.

iv) Systems or arrangements other than those mentioned above may be considered,provided they are not less effective.

5.1.2 Lockers of less than 4 m2 (43 ft2) floor area having no access to accommodationspaces4-7-2/5.1.2

For paint lockers and flammable liquid lockers of floor area less than 4 m2 (43 ft2) having noaccess to accommodation spaces, portable fire extinguisher(s) sized in accordance with4-7-2/5.1.1i) and which can be discharged through a port in the boundary of the lockers maybe accepted. The required portable fire extinguishers are to be stowed adjacent to the port.Alternatively, a port or hose connection may be provided for this purpose to facilitate the useof water from the fire main.

5.3 Helicopter Facilities (1 July 2002)4-7-2/5.3

5.3.1 Application 4-7-2/5.3.1

For each helicopter deck on board a vessel designated for helicopter operations, fire fightingsystem and equipment complying with 4-7-2/5.3.2 and 4-7-2/5.3.3 as applicable, are to beprovided.

Helicopter deck is the helicopter landing area, (a purpose-built), on a vessel including allstructure, fire fighting appliances and other equipment necessary for the safe operation ofhelicopters, but not those areas for occasional or emergency helicopter operations (e.g. circleH marked on hatch covers for drop-off/pickup of pilot). Helicopter facility is a helideckincluding any refueling and hangar facility.

5.3.2 Provisions for Helicopter Deck 4-7-2/5.3.2

5.3.2(a) Hoses and nozzles. At least two combination solid stream and water spray nozzlesand hoses sufficient in length to reach any part of the helicopter deck are to be provided.

5.3.2(b) Portable extinguishers. The helicopter deck is to be protected by at least two drypowder extinguishers of a total capacity of not less than 45 kg (100 lb).

5.3.2(c) Back-up system. A back-up fire fighting system is to be provided consisting of CO2

extinguishers of a total capacity of not less than 18 kg (40 lb) or equivalent, one of theseextinguishers being equipped so as to enable it to reach the engine area of any helicopterusing the helicopter deck. The back-up system is to be located so that the equipment wouldnot be vulnerable to the same damage as the dry powder extinguisher required by4-7-2/5.3.2(b).

5.3.2(d) Fixed foam system. A suitable fixed foam fire extinguishing system, consisting ofmonitors or hose streams or both, is to be installed to protect the helicopter landing area in allweather conditions in which helicopters can operate. The system is to be capable ofdelivering foam solution at a discharge rate in accordance with the following table for atleast five minutes. The operation of the foam system is not to interfere with the simultaneousoperation of the fire main.



Discharge rate

Category Helicopter overall length, LH Liters/min. gpm

H1 LH < 15 m (49 ft) 250 66

H2 15 m (49 ft) ≤ LH < 24 m (79 ft) 500 132

H3 24 m (79 ft) ≤ LH < 35 m (115 ft) 800 211

The foam agent is to meet the performance standards for Level B foam in the InternationalCivil Aviation Organization’s Airport Services Manual (Part 1 Chapter 8, Paragraph 8.1.5,Table 8-1) and be suitable for use with sea water.

5.3.2(e) Fireman’s outfits. In addition to the fireman’s outfits required in 4-7-3/15.5.2, twoadditional sets of fireman’s outfits are to be provided and stored near the helicopter deck.

5.3.2(f) Other equipment. The following equipment is to be provided near the helicopterdeck and is to be stored in a manner that provides for immediate use and protection from theelements:

adjustable wrench

fire resistant blanket

bolt cutters with arm length of 60 cm (24 in.) or more

grab hook or salving hook

heavy duty hack saw, complete with six spare blades

ladder

lifeline of 5 mm (3/16 in.) diameter × 15 m (50 ft) length

side cutting pliers

set of assorted screw drivers

harness knife complete with sheath

5.3.3 Provisions for Enclosed Helicopter Facilities

Hangars, refueling and maintenance facilities are to be treated as machinery space ofcategory A with regard to structural fire protection, fixed fire-extinguishing system and firedetection system requirements. See 4-7-3/3, 4-7-3/5 and 4-7-3/7.

5.3.4 Operation Manual

Each helicopter facility is to have an operation manual, including a description and achecklist of safety precautions, procedures and equipment requirements. This manual may bepart of the vessel's emergency response procedures.

5.5 Deep-fat Cooking Equipment (1 July 2002)

Deep-fat cooking equipment is to be fitted with the following:

i) an automatic or manual extinguishing system tested to an international standard acceptableto the Bureau (see ISO 15371:2000 on Fire-extinguishing systems for protection of galleydeep-fat cooking equipment.);

ii) a primary and backup thermostat with an alarm to alert the operator in the event of failureeither thermostat;

iii) arrangements for automatically shutting off of the electrical power upon activation of theextinguishing system;



iv) an alarm for indicating operation of the extinguishing system in the galley where theequipment is installed; and

v) controls for manual operation of the extinguishing system which are clearly labeled for readyuse by the crew.

7 Requirements for Cargo Spaces 4-7-2/7


7.1 Dry Cargo Spaces 4-7-2/7.1

7.1.1 Fixed Gas Fire Extinguishing System (1 July 2002)4-7-2/7.1.1

Except for ro-ro and vehicle spaces, cargo spaces on cargo vessels of 2,000 gross tonnageand upwards are to be protected by a fixed carbon dioxide gas fire-extinguishing systemcomplying with the provisions of 4-7-3/3 or an inert gas fire extinguishing system complyingwith the inert gas system provisions of 5-1-7/25, or by a fire-extinguishing system which givesequivalent protection.

7.1.2 Vessels Carrying Dangerous Goods (1 July 2002)4-7-2/7.1.2

A vessel engaged in the carriage of dangerous goods in any cargo space is to be providedwith a fixed carbon dioxide or inert gas fire extinguishing system complying with theprovisions of 4-7-3/3 and 5-1-7/25 respectively, or with a fire extinguishing system whichgives equivalent protection for the cargoes carried. Such vessels are to comply also with theprovisions of 4-7-2/7.3.

7.1.3 Vessels Carrying Low Fire Risk Cargoes 4-7-2/7.1.3

Cargo spaces of any vessel if constructed and solely intended for carrying ore, coal, grain,unseasoned timber, non-combustible cargoes or cargoes which constitute a low fire risk (see5-3-7/3.3 or MSC/Circ. 671 List of solid bulk cargoes which are non-combustible orconstitute a low fire risk or for which a fixed gas fire extinguishing system is ineffective) mayexempt from the requirements of 4-7-2/7.1.1 and 4-7-2/7.1.2. Such exemptions may begranted only if the vessel is fitted with steel hatch covers and effective means of closing allventilators and other openings leading to the cargo spaces. Vessels with exemption are to bedistinguished in the Record as suitable for carriage of low fire risk cargoes only.

7.3 Dry Cargo Spaces Intended to Carry Dangerous Goods (1 July 2002)4-7-2/7.3

In addition to complying with 4-7-2/7.1.2, the requirements specified in 4-7-2/7.3.1 through4-7-2/7.3.10 are applicable to vessels and cargo spaces intended for the carriage of dangerous goods,(see 4-7-2/Table 1), except when carrying dangerous goods in limited quantities (see 4-7-2/Table 2below) as referred in Part 3 Chapter 4 of the IMO’s International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code(IMDG Code).

Specialized carriers, such as container carriers, ro-ro vessels and vehicle carriers, and bulk carriersintended to carry dangerous goods are to comply with the applicable requirements of 4-7-2/7.3.1through 4-7-2/7.3.10 as indicated in Part 5 for each of these specific vessel types. For general cargovessels, see 4-7-2/7.5.

7.3.1 Water Supplies 4-7-2/7.3.1

7.3.1(a) A v a i l a b i l i t y o f w a t e r . Arrangements are to be made to ensure immediateavailability of a supply of water from the fire main at the required pressure either bypermanent pressurization or by suitably placed remote starting arrangements for the firepumps. The total required capacity of fire water supply is to satisfy 4-7-2/7.3.1(b) and4-7-2/7.3.1(c) simultaneously calculated for the largest designated cargo space.



7.3.1(b) Q u a n t i t y o f w a t e r . The quantity of water delivered is to be capable ofsupplying four nozzles of a size and at pressures as specified in 4-7-3/1.7 and 4-7-3/1.15,capable of being trained on any part of the cargo space when empty. This amount of watermay be applied by equivalent means, the arrangements of which are to be submitted forconsideration. The capacity requirement is to be met by the total capacity of the main firepumps not including the capacity of the emergency fire pump.

7.3.1(c) U n d e r - d e c k c a r g o s p a c e c o o l i n g . Means are to be provided foreffectively cooling the designated under-deck cargo space by at least 5 liters/min/m2 (0.12gal/ min/ft2) of the horizontal area of cargo spaces , either by a fixed arrangement of sprayingnozzles, or flooding the cargo space with water

Hoses may be used for this purpose in small cargo spaces and in small areas of larger cargospaces. However, the drainage and pumping arrangements are to be such as to prevent thebuild-up of free surfaces. The drainage system is to be sized to remove no less than 125% ofthe combined capacity of both the water spraying system pumps and the required number ofnozzles. The drainage system valves are to be operable from outside of the protected space ata position in the vicinity of the extinguishing system controls. Bilge wells are to be ofsufficient holding capacity and are to be arranged at the side shell of the vessel at a distancefrom each other of not more than 40 m (131 ft) in each watertight compartment. If this is notpossible, the adverse effect upon stability of the added weight and free surface of water are tobe taken into account for the approval of the stability information. Reference is to be made toIMO Resolution A.123(V) Recommendations on Fixed Fire Extinguishing Systems forSpecial Category Spaces.

7.3.1(d) A l t e r n a t i v e t o c o o l i n g b y w a t e r . Provision to flood a designated underdeck cargo space with suitable specified media may be substituted for the requirements in4-7-2/7.3.1(c). The total required capacity of the water supply is to satisfy 4-7-2/7.3.1(b) and4-7-2/7.3.1(c), if applicable, simultaneously calculated for the largest designated cargospace. The capacity requirements of 4-7-2/7.3.1(b) are to be met by the total capacity of themain fire pump(s) not including capacity of the emergency pump, if fitted If a drencher systemis used to satisfy 4-7-2/7.3.1(c), the drencher pump is to be also taken into account in thistotal capacity calculation.

7.3.2 Sources of Ignition 4-7-2/7.3.2

Electrical equipment and wiring are not to be fitted in enclosed cargo spaces or vehiclespaces unless it is essential for operational purposes. However, if electrical equipment isfitted in such spaces, it is to be of a certified safe type for use in the dangerous environmentsto which it may be exposed unless it is possible to completely isolate the electrical system (byremoval of links in the system, other than fuses). Cable penetrations of the decks andbulkheads are to be sealed against the passage of gas or vapor. Through runs of cables andcables within the cargo spaces are to be protected against damage from impact. Any otherequipment which may constitute a source of ignition of flammable vapor is not to bepermitted.

7.3.3 Detection System 4-7-2/7.3.3

Ro-ro spaces are to be fitted with a fixed fire detection and fire alarm system of an approvedtype complying with 4-7-3/11. All other types of cargo spaces are to be fitted with either afixed fire detection and fire alarm system of an approved type complying with 4-7-3/11 or asample extraction smoke detection system of an approved type complying with 4-7-3/13. If asample extraction smoke detection system is fitted, particular attention is to be made to 4-7-3/13.1.5 in order to prevent the leakage of toxic fumes into the occupied areas.



7.3.4 Ventilation 4-7-2/7.3.4

7.3.4(a) Number of air changes. Adequate power ventilation is to be provided inenclosed cargo spaces. The arrangement is to be such as to provide for at least six airchanges per hour in the cargo space based on an empty cargo space and for removal ofvapors from the upper or lower parts of the cargo space, as appropriate. If adjacent spacesare not separated from cargo spaces by gastight bulkheads or decks, ventilation requirementsfor such spaces apply as for the cargo space itself.

7.3.4(b) Fans. The fans are to be of non-sparking type (see 4-8-3/11) such as to avoidthe possibility of ignition of flammable gas air mixtures. Suitable wire mesh guards of amaximum of 13 mm (0.5 in) square mesh is to be fitted over inlet and outlet ventilationopenings.

7.3.4(c) Natural ventilation. Natural ventilation is to be provided in enclosed cargospaces intended for the carriage of solid dangerous goods in bulk, where there is no provisionfor mechanical ventilation.

7.3.5 Bilge Pumping 4-7-2/7.3.5

7.3.5(a) General. Where it is intended to carry flammable or toxic liquids in enclosedcargo spaces the bilge pumping system is to be designed to ensure against inadvertentpumping of such liquids through machinery space piping or pumps. Where large quantities ofsuch liquids are carried, consideration is to be given to the provision of additional means ofdraining these cargo spaces. See 4-6-4/5.5.9 for bilge systems serving cargo spaces intendedto carry dangerous goods.

7.3.5(b) System Capacity. If the bilge drainage system is additional to the systemserved by pumps in the machinery space, the capacity of the system is to be not less than 10m3/h (44 gpm) per cargo space served. If the additional system is common, the capacity neednot to exceed 25 m3/h (110 gpm). The additional bilge system need not be arranged withredundancy.

7.3.5(c) System Isolation. Whenever flammable or toxic liquids are carred, the bilgeline into the machinery space is to be isolated either by fitting a blank flange or by a closedlockable valve.

7.3.5(d) Ventilation. Enclosed spaces outside machinery spaces containing bilge pumpsserving cargo spaces intended for carriage of flammable or toxic liquid are to be fitted withseparate ventilation system giving at least 6 air changes per hour. If the space has accessfrom another enclosed space, the door is to be self-closing.

7.3.5(e) Bilge Drainage. If bilge drainage of cargo spaces is arranged by gravitydrainage, the drainage is to be either led directly overboard or to a closed drain tank locatedoutside the machinery spaces. The tank is to be provided with a vent pipe to a safe location onthe open deck. Drainage from a cargo space into bilge wells in a lower space is onlypermitted if that space satisfies the same requirements as the cargo space above.

7.3.6 Personnel Protection 4-7-2/7.3.6

7.3.6(a) Protective clothing. Four sets of full protective clothing resistant to chemicalattack are to be provided in addition to the fireman's outfits required by 4-7-3/15.5.2. Theprotective clothing are to cover all skin, so that no part of the body is unprotected.

7.3.6(b) Breathing apparatus. At least two self-contained breathing apparatusesadditional to those required by 4-7-3/15.5.2 are to be provided. Two spare charges suitablefor use with the breathing apparatus are to be provided for each required apparatus. Vesselsthat are equipped with suitably located means for fully recharging the air cylinders free fromcontamination need carry only one spare charge for each required apparatus. These sparebottles are to be in addition to the spare bottles required for fireman’s outfit.



7.3.7 Portable Fire Extinguishers 4-7-2/7.3.7

Portable fire extinguishers with a total capacity of at least 12 kg (26.4 lb) of dry powder orequivalent are to be provided for the cargo spaces. These extinguishers are to be in additionto any portable fire extinguishers required elsewhere in this section.

7.3.8 Insulation of Machinery Space Boundaries 4-7-2/7.3.8

Bulkheads forming boundaries between cargo spaces and machinery spaces of category A areto be insulated to ‘‘A-60’’ class standard, unless the dangerous goods are stowed at least 3 m(10 ft) horizontally away from such bulkheads. Other boundaries between such spaces are tobe insulated to ‘‘A-60’’ class standard.

7.3.9 Water Spray System 4-7-2/7.3.9

Each open ro-ro cargo space having a deck above it and each space deemed to be a closedro-ro cargo space not capable of being sealed is to be fitted with an approved fixed pressurewater-spray system for manual operation which is to protect all parts of any deck and vehicleplatform in such space, except that any other fixed fire extinguishing system that has beenshown by full-scale test to be no less effective, may be permitted.

However, the drainage and pumping arrangements are to be such as to prevent the build-upof free surfaces. The drainage system is to be sized to remove no less than 125 % of thecombined capacity of both the water spraying system pumps and the required number of firehose nozzles. The drainage system valves are to be operable from outside of the protectedspace at a position in the vicinity of the extinguishing system controls. Bilge wells are to be ofsufficient holding capacity and are to be arranged at the side shell of the vessel at a distancefrom each other of not more than 40 m (131 ft) in each watertight compartment. If this is notpossible, the adverse effect upon stability of the added weight and free surface of water are tobe taken into account to the extent deemed necessary in the approval of stability information[see 4-7-2/7.3.1(c)].

7.3.10 Separation of Ro-ro Spaces

In vessels having ro-ro spaces, a separation is to be provided between a closed ro-ro spaceand an adjacent open ro-ro space. The separation is to be such as to minimize the passage ofdangerous vapours and liquids between such spaces. Alternatively, such separation need notbe provided if the ro-ro space is considered to be a closed cargo space over its entire lengthand fully complies with the relevant special requirements of 4-7-2/7.

In vessels having ro-ro spaces, a separation is to be provided between a closed ro-ro spaceand the adjacent weather deck. The separation is to be such as to minimize the passage ofdangerous vapours and liquids between such spaces. Alternatively, a separation need to beprovided if the arrangements of the closed ro-ro spaces are in accordance with these requiredfor the dangerous goods on the adjacent weather deck.

7.5 General Cargo Vessels 4-7-2/7.5

For general cargo vessels whose cargo spaces are not specifically designed for the carriage of freightcontainers but are intended for the carriage of dangerous goods in packaged form including goods infreight containers and portable tanks, the following tables provide the applicable requirements underof the provisions of 4-7-2/7.3:

4-7-2/Table 1 is provided for information and shows the list of dangerous goods as defined inIMDG Code.

4-7-2/Table 2 is provided for information on dangerous goods in limited quantities as definedin IMDG Code, for which the provisions of 4-7-2/7.3 need not be applied.



4-7-2/Table 3 provides the applicability of the requirements specified in 4-7-2/7.3.1 through4-7-2/7.3.9 to cargo spaces and weather deck of general cargo vessels.

4-7-2/Table 4 provides the applicability of these requirements to each class of the dangerousgoods.

7.7 Other Dry Cargo Spaces 4-7-2/7.7

Protection of dry cargo spaces of specific vessel types is provided in Part 5:

Bulk carriers: see Section 5-3-7.

Container carriers: see Section 5-5-7.

Vehicle carriers and ro-ro cargo space: see Section 5-10-4.

7.9 Liquid Cargo Spaces and Related Spaces 4-7-2/7.9

Protection of liquid cargo spaces, cargo areas and cargo pump rooms and other fire safetyrequirements are provided in Part 5 for each specific vessel type:

Oil carriers and fuel oil carriers: seeSection 5-1-7.

Chemical carriers: see Section 5-9-11.

Liquefied gas carriers: see Section5-8-11.



TABLE 1Dangerous Goods Classes

Class Substance

1

(1.1 through 1.6)

Explosives

2.1 Flammable gases (compressed, liquefied or dissolved under pressure)

2.2 Non flammable gases (compressed, liquefied or dissolved under pressure)

2.3 Toxic gases

3

(3.1 through 3.3)

Flammable liquids

4.1 Flammable solids

4.2 Substances liable to spontaneous combustion

4.3 Substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases

5.1 Oxidizing substances

5.2 Organic peroxides

6.1 Toxic substances

6.2 Infectious substances

7 Radioactive materials

8 Corrosives

9 Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles, that is any substancewhich experience has shown, or may show, to be of such a dangerouscharacter that the provisions for dangerous substance transportation are tobe applied.



TABLE 2Dangerous Goods in Limited Quantities

[Note: This is provided for information only, refers to Section 18 of General Introduction of IMDG Code for full details.]

Class Packaginggroup

State Maximum quantity per inner packaging

2

Excluding gases (except aerosols) offlammable, corrosive, oxidizing or toxicrisks.

Gas 120 ml (maximum inner volume in metal, plastic orglass packaging) or 100ml (aerosols)

II Liquid 1 liter (metal); 500ml for severe marine pollutants

500 ml (glass or plastic)

3

III Liquid 5 liters; 500ml for severe marine pollutants

II Solid 500 g4.1

Excluding self-reactive and relatedsubstances and desensitized explosives.

III Solid 3 kg; 500 g for severe marine pollutants

II 500 g4.3

III

Liquidorsolid

1 kg; 500 g for severe marine pollutants

II 500 g5.1

III

Liquidorsolid

1 kg; 500 g for severe marine pollutants

II Solid 100 g5.2

The organic peroxide should be of type Bor C and should not require temperaturecontrol.

II Liquid 25 ml

II Solid 500 g5.2

The organic peroxide should be of type D,E or F and should not require temperaturecontrol.

II Liquid 125 ml

Solid 500 gII

Liquid 100 ml

Solid 3 kg; 500 g for severe marine pollutants

6.1

III

Liquid 1 liter; 500 ml for severe marine pollutants

Solid 1 kg; 500 g for severe marine pollutantsII

Liquid 500 ml

Solid 2 kg; glass porcelain or stoneware inner packagingshould be enclosed in a compatible and rigidintermediate packaging.

8

III


Solid 3 kg; 500 g for severe marine pollutantsII


Solid 5kg; 500 g for severe marine pollutants

9

Excluding asbestos, polychlorinatedbiphenyls, polyhalogenated biphenyls,polyhalogenated terphenyls

III




TABLE 3Applicability of the Requirements to Cargo Vessels Carrying

Dangerous Goods

Requirements

General cargo spaces(see 4-7-2/7.5) Weather deck

4-7-2/7.3.1(a) Availability of water x x

4-7-2/7.3.1(b) Quantity of water x x

4-7-2/7.3.1(c) Under-deck cargo space cooling x -

4-7-2/7.3.1(d) Alternative to cooling by water x -

4-7-2/7.3.2 Source of ignition x -

4-7-2/7.3.3 Detection system x -

4-7-2/7.3.4(a) Ventilation –air changes x -

4-7-2/7.3.4(b) Ventilation – fans x -

4-7-2/7.3.5 Bilge pumping x -

4-7-2/7.3.6 Personnel protection x x

4-7-2/7.3.7 Portable fire extinguishers x x

4-7-2/7.3.8 Insulation of machinery spaceboundaries

x x

4-7-2/7.3.9 Water spray system - -



TABLE 4Application of the Requirements in 4-7-2/7.3 to Different Classes of

Dangerous Goods Except Solid Dangerous Goods in Bulk (1 July 2002)

4-7-2/paragraph:

7.3.1 7.3.2 7.3.3 7.3.4 7.3.5 7.3.6 7.3.7 7.3.8 7.3.9 7.3.10

Dangerousgoodsclass

( a ) ( b ) ( c ) (d ) ( a ) ( b )

1.1 – 1.6 x x x x x x x (2)X X

1.4S x x x X X

2.1 x x x x x x x x X X

2.2 x x x x x X X

2.3 x x x x x x X X

3.1, 3.2≤23°C

x x x x x x x x x x X X

3.3 x x x x x x X X

4.1 x x x x (1) x x x X X

4.2 x x x x (1) x x x X X

4.3 x x x x x x x X X

5.1 x x x x (1) x x x (3)X X

5.2 x x x X X

6.1 liquids x x x x x X X

6.1 liquids≤23°C


6.1 liquids>23°C≤61°C

x x x x x x x x x X X

6.1 solids x x x x (1) x X X

8 liquids x x x x X X

8 liquids≤23°C


8 liquids>23°C≤61°C

x x x x x x x x X X

8 solids x x x x X X

9 x x (1) x (4) X X

Notes1 When ‘‘mechanically ventilated spaces’’ are required by the IMDG Code, as amended.

2 Stow 3m (10 ft) horizontally away from the machinery space boundaries in all cases.

3 Refer to the IMDG Code.

4 As appropriate to the goods being carried.


P A R T


S E C T I O N 3 Fire-extinguishing Systems andEquipment 4 - 7 - 3

1 Fire Main Systems 4-7-3/1

1.1 General 4-7-3/1.1

Every vessel is to be provided with fire pumps, fire mains, hydrants and hoses complying with theprovisions of this subsection, as applicable.

1.3 Capacity of Fire Pumps 4-7-3/1.3

1.3.1 Total Capacity 4-7-3/1.3.1

The required fire pumps are to be capable of delivering for fire fighting purposes a quantityof water, at the pressure specified in 4-7-3/1.7 not less than four-thirds (4/3) of the quantityrequired under 4-6-4/5.3.2 to be dealt with by each of the independent bilge pumps whenemployed in bilge pumping, using in all cases L = length of the vessel, except that the totalrequired capacity of the fire pumps need not exceed 180 m3/h (792 gpm).

1.3.2 Minimum Capacity of Each Pump (1 July 2002)4-7-3/1.3.2

Each of the required fire pumps (other than any emergency fire pump required in 4-7-3/1.5.3)is to have a capacity not less than 80% of the total required capacity divided by the minimumnumber of required fire pumps, but in any case not less than 25 m3/h (110 gpm) and eachsuch pump is to be capable, in any event, of delivering at least the two required jets of water.These fire pumps are to be capable of supplying the fire main system under the requiredconditions. Where more pumps than the minimum of required pumps are installed suchadditional pumps are to have a capacity of at least 25 m3/h (110 gpm) and are to be capableof delivering at least the two jets water in 4-7-3/1.9.

1.5 Arrangements of Fire Pumps and of Fire Mains 4-7-3/1.5

1.5.1 Number of Pumps 4-7-3/1.5.1

There are to be at least two independently driven fire pumps. The fire pumps are to becertified in accordance with 4-6-1/7.3.1. For vessels less than 1000 gross tonnage, only one ofthe required fire pumps need be independently driven.

Part 4 Vessel Systems and MachineryChapter 7 Fire Safety SystemsSection 3 Fire-extinguishing Systems and Equipment 4-7-3


1.5.2 Acceptable Pumps 4-7-3/1.5.2

Sanitary, ballast, bilge or general service pumps may be accepted as fire pumps, providedthat they are not normally used for pumping oil and that if they are subject to occasional dutyfor the transfer or pumping of oil fuel, suitable change-over arrangements are fitted.

1.5.3 Emergency Fire Pump (1 July 2002)4-7-3/1.5.3

The arrangement of sea connections, fire pumps and their sources of power are to be such asto ensure that: if a fire in any one compartment could put all pumps required by 4-7-3/1.5.1out of action, there is to be an alternative means consisting of a fixed independently drivenpower-operated emergency pump which is to be capable of supplying two jets of water. Thepump and its location are to comply with the following requirements:

i) The capacity of the pump is not to be less than 40% of the total capacity of the firepumps required by 4-7-3/1.3.1 and in any case not less than the following:

for cargo vessels of 2000 gross tonnage and upwards: 25 m3/h, and

for cargo vessels less than 2000 gross tonnage: 15 m3/h.

Where applicable, the emergency fire pump is also to be capable of supplyingsimultaneously the amount of water needed for any fixed fire-extinguishing systemprotecting the space containing the main fire pumps. The pump is to be self-priming.

ii) When the pump is delivering the quantity of water required by 4-7-3/1.5.3i) thepressure at any hydrant is to be not less than the minimum pressures given in4-7-3/1.7.2.

iii) Any diesel driven power source for the pump is to be capable of being readily startedin its cold condition down to a temperature of 0°C (32°F) by hand (manual) cranking.If this is impracticable, or if lower temperatures are likely to be encountered, heatingarrangements are to be provided so that ready starting will be assured. If hand(manual) starting is impracticable, other means of starting may be considered. Thesemeans are to be such as to enable the diesel driven power source to be started at least6 times within a period of 30 minutes, and at least twice within the first 10 minutes.

Diesel engines exceeding 15 kW are to be equipped with an approved auxiliarystarting device, e.g. starting battery, independent hydraulic starting system orindependent starting air system.

iv) Any service fuel tank is to contain sufficient fuel to enable the pump to run on fullload for at least three hours and sufficient reserves of fuel are to be available outsidethe machinery space of category A to enable the pump to be run on full load for anadditional 15 hours.

v) The total suction head and net positive suction head of the pump are to be such thatthe requirements of 4-7-3/1.5.3i), 4-7-3/1.5.3ii) and 4-7-3/1.7.2 are obtained underall conditions of list, trim, roll and pitch likely to be encountered in service. Theballast condition of a vessel on entering or leaving a dry dock need not be considereda service condition.

vi) The space containing the emergency fire pump is not to be contiguous to theboundaries of machinery spaces of category A or those spaces containing main firepumps. Where this is not practicable, the common bulkhead between the two spacesis to be insulated to a standard of structural fire protection equivalent to thatrequired for a control station. The common bulkhead is to be constructed to A-60class standard and the insulation is to extend at least 450 mm (18 in.) outside the areaof the joint bulkheads and decks.



The emergency fire pump, its seawater inlet, and suction and delivery pipes andisolating valves are to be located outside the machinery space containing the mainfire pump or pumps. The sea valve is to be operable from a position near the pump. Ifthis arrangement cannot be made, the sea-chest may be fitted in the machinery spacecontaining the main fire pump or pumps if the valve is remotely controlled from aposition near the pump in the same compartment as the emergency fire pump and thesuction pipe is to be short as practicable. Short lengths of suction or discharge pipingmay penetrate the machinery space containing the main fire pump or pumps,provided they are enclosed in a substantial steel casing, or are insulated to A-60class standard. The pipes are to have substantial wall thickness, but in no case lessthan 11 mm (0.433 in.), and are to be welded except for the flanged connection to thesea inlet valve. For piping and pipe routing, see 4-7-3/1.11.3.

vii) No direct access is to be permitted between the machinery space or a spacecontaining a main fire pump and the space containing the emergency fire pump andits source of power. Where this is impractical, either of the following arrangementsmay be considered.

An arrangement where the access is by means of an airlock. One of the door of themachinery spaces is to be of A-60 class standard and the other is to be of steel, bothreasonably gastight, self-closing and without any hold back arrangements, or.

An access through a watertight door. This door is to be capable of being operatedfrom a space remote from the machinery space of category A and the spacecontaining the emergency fire pump and is to be unlikely to be cut off in the event offire in those spaces.

In both such cases a second means of access to the space containing the emergencyfire pump and its source of power is to be provided.

viii) Ventilation arrangements to the space containing the independent source of powerfor the emergency fire pump are to be such as to preclude, as far as practicable, thepossibility of smoke from a machinery space fire entering or being drawn into thatspace. The space is to be well ventilated and power for mechanical ventilation is tobe supplied from the emergency source of power.

1.5.4 Alternative to Emergency Fire Pump 4-7-3/1.5.4

An emergency fire pump is not required if the two main fire pumps including their sources ofpower, fuel supply, electric cables, lighting and ventilation for the space in which they arelocated are in separate compartments so that a fire in any one compartment will not renderboth main fire pumps inoperable. Only one common boundary is allowed between the twocompartments provided the common boundary is A-0 class or higher. No direct access isallowed between the two compartments, except that, where this is impracticable, an accessmeeting the requirements of 4-7-3/1.5.3vii) may be considered. For piping and pipe routing,see 4-7-3/1.11.3.

1.5.5 Machinery Spaces Intended for Centralized or Unattended Operation (1 July 2002)4-7-3/1.5.5

In vessels with a periodically unattended machinery space or when only one person isrequired on watch, there is to be immediate water delivery from the fire main system at asuitable pressure, either by remote starting of one of the main fire pumps with remote startingfrom the navigating bridge and fire control station, if any, or permanent pressurization of thefire main system by one of the main fire pumps. This requirement may be waived for cargovessels of less than 1,600 gross tonnage, provided the fire pump starting arrangement in themachinery space is in easily accessible position. See also 4-9-3/15.5.2 and 4-9-4/21.3



1.5.6 Relief Valves 4-7-3/1.5.6

Relief valves are to be provided in conjunction with all fire pumps if the pumps are capable ofdeveloping a pressure exceeding the design pressure of the water service pipes, hydrants andhoses. These valves are to be so placed and adjusted as to prevent excessive pressure in anypart of the fire main system.

1.5.7 Isolation Valves 4-7-3/1.5.7

In oil carriers and fuel oil carriers, flammable chemical carriers and gas carriers isolationvalves are to be fitted in the fire main at poop front in a protected position and on the tankdeck at intervals of not more than 40 m (132 ft) to preserve the integrity of the fire mainsystem in case of fire or explosion.

1.5.8 Additional Machinery Space Pump Connection (2002)

In cargo ships where other pumps, such as general service, bilge and ballast, etc. are fitted ina machinery space, arrangements are to be made to ensure that at least one of these pumps,having the capacity and pressure required by 4-7-3/1.3.2 and 4-7-3/1.7.2, is capable ofproviding water to the fire main.

1.7 Diameter and Pressure in the Fire Main 4-7-3/1.7

1.7.1 Fire Main Diameter 4-7-3/1.7.1

The diameter of the fire main and water service pipes is to be sufficient for the effectivedistribution of the maximum required discharge from two fire pumps operatingsimultaneously. However, the diameter need only be sufficient for the discharge of 140m3/hour (616 gpm).

1.7.2 Fire Main Pressure (1 July 2002)4-7-3/1.7.2

With the two pumps simultaneously delivering through nozzles specified in 4-7-3/1.15 thequantity of water specified in 4-7-3/1.7.1, through any adjacent hydrants, the followingminimum pressures are to be maintained at all hydrants:

i) vessels of 6,000 gross tonnage and upwards: 0.27 N/mm2 (2.8 kgf/cm2, 40 psi);

ii) vessels less then 6,000 gross tonnage: 0.25 N/mm2 (2.6 kgf/cm2, 37 psi).

.

1.7.3 Fire Hose Handling 4-7-3/1.7.3

The maximum pressure at any hydrant is not to exceed that at which the effective control of afire hose can be demonstrated.

1.9 Number and Position of Hydrants (1 July 2002)4-7-3/1.9

The number and position of hydrants are to be such that at least two jets of water not emanating fromthe same hydrant, one of which is to be from a single length of hose, may reach any part of the vesselnormally accessible to the passengers or crew while the vessel is being navigated and any part of anycargo space when empty, any ro-ro cargo space or any vehicle space in which latter case the two jetsare to reach any part of such space, each from a single length of hose. Furthermore, such hydrantsare to be positioned near the accesses to the protected spaces.



1.11 Pipes and Hydrants (1 July 2002)4-7-3/1.11

1.11.1 General 4-7-3/1.11.1

Materials readily rendered ineffective by heat are not to be used for fire mains and hydrantsunless adequately protected. The pipes and hydrants are to be so placed that the fire hosesmay be easily coupled to them. The arrangement of pipes and hydrants is to be such as toavoid the possibility of freezing. Suitable drainage provisions are to be provided for the firemain piping. Isolation valves are to be installed for all open deck fire main branches used forpurpose other than fire fighting. In vessels where deck cargo may be carried, the positions ofthe hydrants are to be such that they are always readily accessible and the pipes are to bearranged as far as practicable to avoid risk of damage by such cargo. Unless one hose andnozzle is provided for each hydrant in the vessel, there are to be complete interchangeabilityof hose couplings and nozzles.

1.11.2 Hydrant Valves 4-7-3/1.11.2

A valve is to be fitted to serve each fire hydrant so that any fire hose may be removed whilethe fire pumps are in operation.

1.11.3 Isolating Valves and Pipes Routing 4-7-3/1.11.3

Isolating valves to separate the section of the fire main within the machinery space containingthe main fire pump or pumps from the rest of the fire main are to be fitted in an easilyaccessible and tenable position outside the machinery spaces. The fire main is to be soarranged that when the isolating valves are shut all the hydrants on the vessel, except those inthe machinery space referred to above, can be supplied with water by another fire pump or anemergency fire pump.

This requirement applies to machinery space of category A only. Any part of the fire mainrouted through machinery space of category A is to be fitted with isolating valves outside thespace.

1.13 Fire Hoses (1 July 2002)4-7-3/1.13

1.13.1 Hose Material and Fittings 4-7-3/1.13.1

Fire hoses are to be of approved non-perishable material (certified to recognized standard bycompetent independent testing laboratory) and are to be sufficient in length to project a jet ofwater to any of the spaces in which they may be required to be used. Fire hoses are to have alength of at least 10 m (33 ft), but not more than:

15 m (49 ft) in machinery spaces;

20 m (66 ft) in other spaces and open decks; and

25 m (82ft) for open deck on vessels with a maximum breath in access of 30 m (98 ft)

Each hose is to be provided with a nozzle and the necessary couplings. Fire hoses togetherwith any necessary fittings and tools are to be kept ready for use in conspicuous positionsnear the water service hydrants or connections.



1.13.2 Number of Hoses 4-7-3/1.13.2

In vessels of 1,000 gross tonnage and upwards, the number of fire hoses to be provided is tobe at least one for each 30 m (100 ft) length of the vessel and one spare but in no case lessthan five in all. This number does not include any hoses required in any engine or boilerroom. Vessels carrying dangerous goods, see 4-7-2/7.1.2, are to be provided with three hosesand nozzles, in addition to these required above. (See also 4-7-3/1.11.1 for requirementsregarding interchangeability of hoses and nozzles and the requirement for additional hosesand nozzles, as necessary.) In vessels of less than 1,000 gross tonnage the number of firehoses to be provided is to be at least one for each 30 m (100 ft) length of the vessel and onespare. However, the number of hoses is to be in no case less than three.

1.15 Nozzles 4-7-3/1.15

1.15.1 Standard Nozzles 4-7-3/1.15.1

Standard nozzle sizes are to be 12 mm (0.5 in), 16 mm (0.625 in) and 19 mm (0.75 in) or asnear thereto as possible. Larger diameter nozzles may be permitted subject to compliancewith 4-7-3/1.7.2.

1.15.2 Nozzles for Accommodation and Service Spaces 4-7-3/1.15.2

For accommodation and service spaces, a nozzle size greater than 12 mm (0.5 in) need not beused.

1.15.3 Nozzles for Machinery Spaces 4-7-3/1.15.3

For machinery spaces and exterior locations, the nozzle sizes are to be such as to obtain themaximum discharge possible from two jets at the pressure mentioned in 4-7-3/1.7.2 from thesmallest pump, provided that a nozzle size greater than 19 mm (0.75 in) need not be used.

1.15.4 Dual Purpose Nozzles 4-7-3/1.15.4

All nozzles are to be of an approved dual purpose type (i.e. spray/jet type) incorporating ashut-off. Nozzles of plastic material such as polycarbonate may be accepted subject to reviewof their capability and serviceability as marine use fire hose nozzles.

1.17 Water Pumps for Other Fire Extinguishing Systems (1 July 2002)4-7-3/1.17

Pumps, other than those serving the fire main, required for the provision of water for other fireextinguishing systems, their sources of power and their controls are to be installed outside the spaceor spaces protected by such systems and are to be so arranged that a fire in the space or spacesprotected will not put any such system out of action.

1.19 International Shore Connection 4-7-3/1.19

1.19.1 General 4-7-3/1.19.1

All vessels are to be provided with at least one international shore connection, complyingwith provisions of 4-7-3/1.19.3.

1.19.2 Availability on Either Side of the Vessel 4-7-3/1.19.2

Facilities are to be available enabling such a connection to be used on either side of thevessel.

1.19.3 Dimensions 4-7-3/1.19.3

Standard dimensions of flanges for the international shore connection are to be inaccordance with 4-7-3/Table 1.



TABLE 1Dimensions of International Shore Connection

SI & MKS units US unitsOutside diameter 178 mm 7 in

Inside diameter 64 mm 2.5 in.

Bolt circle diameter 132 mm 5.2 in

Slots in flange 4 holes 19 mm (0.75 in.) in diameters spaced equidistantly on a boltcircle of the above diameter slotted to the flange periphery.

Flange thickness 14.5 mm minimum 0.57 in minimum

Bolts and nuts 4 each of 16 mm diameter,50 mm in length

4 each of 0.63 in diameter, 1.97 in.in length

1.19.4 Design (1 July 2002)4-7-3/1.19.4

The connection is to be of steel or other suitable material and is to be designed for 1.0 N/mm2

(10.5 kgf/cm2, 150 psi) services. The flange is to have a flat face on one side, and on the othersite, it is to be permanently attached to a coupling that will fit the vessel's hydrant and hose.The connection is to be kept aboard the vessel together with a gasket of any material suitablefor 1.0 N/mm2 (10.5 kgf/cm2, 150 psi) services, together with four 16 mm (5/8 in) bolts, 50 mm(2 in) in length, four 16 mm (5/8 in) nuts, and eight washers.

3 Fixed Gas Fire Extinguishing Systems 4-7-3/3

3.1 General (1 July 2002)4-7-3/3.1

3.1.1 Non-permitted Medium 4-7-3/3.1.1

Fire extinguishing systems using Halon 1211, 1301, and 2402 and perfluorocarbons is to beprohibited. The use of a fire-extinguishing medium, which either by itself or under expectedconditions of use gives off toxic gases, liquids and other substances in such quantities as toendanger persons, is not to be permitted. .

3.1.2 Distribution Piping and Nozzles 4-7-3/3.1.2

The necessary pipes for conveying fire-extinguishing medium into protected spaces are to beprovided with control valves so marked as to indicate clearly the spaces to which the pipesare led. Suitable provision is to be made to prevent inadvertent release of the medium to anyspace. Where a cargo space fitted with a gas fire extinguishing system is used as a passengerspace, the gas connection is to be blanked during such use.

The pipes may pass through accommodations providing that they are of substantial thicknessand that their tightness is verify with a pressure test, after installation, at a pressure head notless than 5 N/mm2 (51 kgf/cm2, 725 psi). In addition, pipes passing through accommodationareas are to be joined only by welding and are not to be fitted with drains or other openingswithin such spaces. The pipes are not to pass through refrigerated spaces.

The piping for the distribution of fire extinguishing medium is to be arranged and dischargenozzles so positioned that a uniform distribution of medium is obtained.

The minimum wall thickness of the piping is to be in accordance with 4-7-3/Table 2. Column A isfor piping from storage containers to distribution station, and column B is for piping fromdistribution station to nozzles.



TABLE 2Minimum Pipe Wall Thickness of Gas Medium Distribution Piping

Nominal

bore, mm

OD

mm

A

mm

B

mm

Nominal

bore, in

OD

in

A

In

B

in

15 21.3 2.8 2.6 1/2 0.840 0.110 0.102

20 26.9 2.8 2.6 3/4 1.050 0.110 0.102

25 33.7 4.0 3.2 1 1.315 0.157 0.126

32 42.4 4.0 3.2 1 1/4 1.660 0.157 0.126

40 48.3 4.0 3.2 1 1/2 1.9 0.157 0.126

50 60.3 4.5 3.6 2 2.375 0.177 0.142

65 76.1 5.0 3.6 2 1/2 2.875 0.197 0.142

80 88.9 5.5 4.0 3 3.5 0.220 0.157

90 101.6 6.3 4.0 3 1/2 4.0 0.248 0.157

100 114.3 7.1 4.5 4 4.5 0.28 0.177

125 139.7 8.0 5.0 5 5.563 0.315 0.197

150 168.3 8.8 5.6 6 6.625 0.346 0.22

1 The above minimum thicknesses are derived from those thicknesses available in ISO4200 Series 1 (OD), JIS (N.P.S.), or ASTM (N.P.S.). Diameter and thickness accordingto other recognized standards will be accepted.

2 For threaded pipes, where approved, the thickness is to be measured to the bottom of thethread.

3 The internal surface of pipes outside the engine room is to be galvanized.

3.1.3 Openings in Protected Space 4-7-3/3.1.3

Where a fixed gas fire-extinguishing system is used, openings which may admit air to, orallow gas to escape from a protected space, are to be capable of being closed from outsidethe protected space.

3.1.4 Air Reservoirs 4-7-3/3.1.4

The volume of starting air receivers, converted to free air volume is to be added to the grossvolume of the machinery space when calculating the necessary quantity of the extinguishingmedium. Alternatively, a discharge pipe from the safety relief valves, or other pressure reliefdevices, may be fitted and led directly to the open air.

3.1.5 Medium Release Warning Alarm4-7-3/3.1.5

Means is to be provided for automatically giving audible warning of the release of fireextinguishing medium into any ro-ro spaces and other spaces in which personnel normallywork or to which they have access. The pre-discharge alarm is to automatically activated,e.g. by opening of the release cabinet door. The alarm is to operate for the length of timeneeded to evacuate the space, but in no case less than 20 seconds before the medium isreleased.

Conventional cargo spaces and small spaces (such as small compressor rooms, paint lockers,lamp stores, etc.) with only a local release need not to be provided with such an alarm.However, ro-ro cargo spaces, holds in container ships equipped for integrated reefercontainers and other spaces where personnel can be expected to enter and where convenientaccess, such as doors or hinged hatches are provided, are to comply with this requirement.Alarms may be pneumatically (by the extinguishing medium or by air) or electrically



operated. If electrically operated, the alarms are to be supplied with power from the main andan emergency source of power. If pneumatically operated by air, the air supplied is to be dryand clean and the supply reservoir is to be fitted with a low pressure alarm. The air supplymay be taken from the starting air receivers. Any stop valve fitted in the air supply line is tobe locked or sealed in the open position. Any electrical components associated with thepneumatic system are to be powered from the main and an emergency source of electricalpower.

3.1.6 Location of Controls for Medium Release 4-7-3/3.1.6

The means of control of any fixed gas fire extinguishing system are to be readily accessibleand simple to operate and are to be grouped together in as few locations as possible atpositions not likely to be cut off by a fire in a protected space. There are to be at least twolocations where the release controls are provided, one of which is to be at the storage locationwhile the other is to be at a readily accessible location outside the protected space. At eachlocation there are to be clear instructions relating to the operation of the system havingregard to the safety of personnel. See also 4-7-3/3.3.5.

3.1.7 Automatic Release of Fire Extinguishing Medium 4-7-3/3.1.7

Automatic release of fire extinguishing medium is not permitted, except as may be specificallyapproved based on the use of an extinguishing medium that does not give off toxic gases,liquid or other substances that would endanger personnel, see 4-7-3/3.11.

3.1.8 Systems Protecting More than One Space 4-7-3/3.1.8

Where the quantity of extinguishing medium is required to protect more than one space, thequantity of medium available need not be more than the largest quantity required for any onespace so protected.

3.1.9 Storage of Medium Containers 4-7-3/3.1.9

Except as otherwise permitted, pressure containers required for the storage of fireextinguishing medium, other than steam, are to be located outside the protected spaces. Whenthe fire-extinguishing medium is stored outside a protected space, it is to be stored in a room,which is located behind the forward collision bulkhead, and is used for no other purposes.Any entrance to such a storage room is to preferably be from the open deck and is to beindependent of the protected space. If the storage space is located below deck, it is to belocated no more than one deck below the open deck and is to be directly accessible by astairway or ladder from the open deck. Spaces which are located below deck or spaces whereaccess from the open deck is not provided, are to be fitted with a mechanical ventilationsystem designed to take exhaust air from the bottom of the space and is to be sized to provideat least 6 air changes per hour. Access doors are to open outwards, and bulkheads and decksincluding doors and other means of closing any opening therein, which form the boundariesbetween such rooms and adjoining enclosed spaces are to be gastight. The boundaries of theroom is to have fire-rated integrity equivalent to that of a control station (see Section 3-4-1).The ventilation for the storeroom is to be independent of all other spaces.

3.1.10 Medium Quantity Check 4-7-3/3.1.10

Means are to be provided for the crew to safely check the quantity of medium in thecontainers.

3.1.11 Fire Extinguishing Medium Containers Design 4-7-3/3.1.11

Containers for the storage of fire extinguishing medium and associated pressure componentsare to be designed in accordance with requirements for pressure vessels in Section 4-4-1; seein particular, 4-4-1/1.11.4.



3.3 CO2 Systems 4-7-3/3.3

3.3.1 Quantity of CO2 for Cargo Spaces (1 July 2002)4-7-3/3.3.1

For cargo spaces the quantity of carbon dioxide available is to be, unless otherwise provided,sufficient to give a minimum volume of free gas equal to 30 % of the gross volume of thelargest cargo space to be protected in the vessel.

3.3.2 Quantity of CO2 for Machinery Spaces (1 July 2002)4-7-3/3.3.2

For machinery spaces the quantity of carbon dioxide carried is to be sufficient to give aminimum volume of free gas equal to the larger of the following volumes, either:

i) 40% of the gross volume of the largest machinery space so protected, the volume toexclude that part of the casing above the level at which the horizontal area of thecasing is 40% or less of the horizontal area of the space concerned taken midwaybetween the tank top and the lowest part of the casing; or

ii) 35% of the gross volume of the largest machinery space protected, including thecasing;

The above mentioned percentages may be reduced to 35% and 30% respectively for cargovessels of less than 2000 gross tonnage where two or more machinery spaces, which are notentirely separate, are considered as forming one space.

3.3.3 CO2 Unit Volume 4-7-3/3.3.3

For the purpose of this paragraph the volume of free carbon dioxide is to be calculated at0.56 m3/kg (9 ft3/lb).

3.3.4 CO2 Discharge Rate 4-7-3/3.3.4

For machinery spaces the fixed piping system is to be such that 85% of the gas can bedischarged into the space within 2 minutes. This may be verified by calculations.

3.3.5 Controls (1 July 2002)4-7-3/3.3.5

Precautions are to be made to prevent the inadvertent release of CO2 into spaces which arenormally manned. For this purpose, the following arrangements are to be complied with:

i) Two separate controls are to be provided at each release location for releasing CO2

into a protected space and to ensure the activation of the alarm. One control is to beused for opening the valve of the piping which conveys the gas into the protectedspace and a second control is to be used to discharge the gas from its storagecontainers.

ii) The two controls are to be located inside a release box clearly identified for theparticular space. If the box containing the controls is to be locked, a key to the box isto be in a break-glass type enclosure conspicuously located adjacent to the box.

3.5 Refrigerated Low-pressure CO2 Systems 4-7-3/3.5

The use of refrigerated CO2 as fire-extinguishing medium at pressure range of 18 to 22 bar (260 to

320 lb/in2) in the storage condition is to be in accordance with 4-7-3/3.1 and 4-7-3/3.3 and thefollowing additional requirements.

3.5.1 Plans and Data to be Submitted 4-7-3/3.5.1

System schematic arrangement

CO2 capacity and flow calculations



System control and alarm arrangement

Arrangement of CO2 containers and refrigerating plant

Construction details of CO2 containers

Manufacturer’s specifications for compressor, condenser, receiver, evaporator, etc.

Piping diagram for refrigerating system

Electrical wiring diagrams

3.5.2 CO2 Containers 4-7-3/3.5.2

3.5.2(a) Capacity. The capacity of CO2 containers is to be such as to provide sufficientvapor space to allow for expansion of the liquid under the maximum expected storagetemperature that can be encountered without exceeding the relief valve setting. The amount ofliquid under such conditions is not to be in excess of 95% of the volume of the container.

3.5.2(b) Design and construction. CO2 containers are to be designed, constructed, and testedin accordance with the requirements of Section 4-4-1; see in particular 4-4-1/1.11.4.

3.5.2(c) Instrumentation and alarms. Each container is to be fitted with the followinginstruments and alarms at the storage location:

Pressure gauge.

High pressure alarm set at not more than 22 bar (320 lb/in2) and not within 5% ofrelief valve setting.

Low pressure alarm, set at not less than 18 bar (260 lb/in2).

Level indicator, and low level alarm.

A summary alarm for any of these alarm conditions is also to be given in the mannedpropulsion machinery space or the centralized control station (see 4-9-3/7 and 4-9-4/9), asappropriate. In the case of unattended propulsion machinery space, an additional summaryalarm is to be given in the engineers’ accommodation area (see 4-9-4/19).

3.5.2(d) Relief valves. Two relief valves are to be fitted on each container such that eitherone but not both can be shut off. The relief valves are to be set at not less than 22 bar (22.5kgf/cm2, 320 psi). The capacity of each valve is to be capable of preventing a pressure rise,due to exposure to fire, in excess 20% above the relief valve setting. The discharge from therelief valve is to be led to the open air.

3.5.2(e) Insulation. The containers and piping which are always filled with liquid CO2 are tobe insulated so that the pressure will not exceed the relief valve setting when subjected to anambient temperature of 45°C (113°F) for a period of 24 hours after the refrigerating plant isout of service. Where porous or fibrous insulation materials are used, they are to be protectedby impervious sheaths from deterioration by moisture.

3.5.3 Refrigerating Plant 4-7-3/3.5.3

3.5.3(a) Duplication of plant. The CO2 containers are to be served by two completelyindependent and automated refrigerating units dedicated for this service; each comprising itsown compressor and prime mover, condenser, receiver, evaporator, etc. Provision is to bemade for local manual control of the refrigerating plant. Upon failure or stoppage of the unitin operation, the other unit is to be put into operation automatically. This change-over is to bealarmed at the manned propulsion machinery space or the centralized control station, asappropriate; and, in the case of unattended propulsion machinery space, at the engineers’accommodation. See also 4-7-3/3.5.2(c). Each refrigerating unit is to be supplied from themain switchboard by a separate feeder.



3.5.3(b) Performance criteria. Each refrigerating unit is to be capable of maintaining theliquefaction of the required quantity of CO2 at the specified pressure, at a sea water

temperature of 32°C (90°F) and an ambient temperature of 45°C (113°F). See also insulationrequirement in 4-7-3/3.5.2(e).

3.5.3(c) Cooling water supply. Where sea water is utilized for cooling, two sea water pumpsare to be provided, one of which is to be standby and may be a pump used for other services.Both pumps are to be capable of drawing from at least two sea chests.

3.5.4 Piping 4-7-3/3.5.4

3.5.4(a) General. Pipes, fittings, and pipe joints are to be designed, fabricated and tested,and to be of materials according to the piping classes to be determined in accordance with in4-6-1/5.

3.5.4(b) CO2 distribution piping. CO2 flow from storage containers to the discharge nozzleis to be in liquid phase. The design pressure at the nozzle is not to be less than 10 bar (145lb/in2).

3.5.4(c) Safety relief valve. Safety relief devices are to be provided in each section of pipethat may be isolated by valves and in which there could be a build-up of pressure in excess ofthe design pressure of any of the components.

3.5.5 CO2 Release Control 4-7-3/3.5.5

In addition to the requirements in 4-7-3/3.1.6 and 4-7-3/3.3.5, the following are to becomplied with as appropriate.

3.5.5(a) Automatic regulation of gas. Where automatic means are provided to regulate thequantity of CO2 discharged into the protected spaces, manual means of regulation are to beprovided also.

3.5.5(b) Emergency control. If an emergency release control is provided, in addition to thenormal release control, it must not by-pass the activation of alarm required by 4-7-3/3.1.5. Itmay, however, by-pass the automatic gas regulator (see 4-7-3/3.5.5(a)), provided that it ispossible at the emergency release control position to control the amount of gas to be releasedand to close the master valve, or equivalent, after the designated amount is released.

3.5.5(c) Multiple spaces. If the system serves more than one space, the quantities of CO2 tobe discharged to each space is to be provided with means of control, e.g. automatic timer oraccurate level indicators located at the control positions.

3.5.5(d) Instructions. Instructions for release control, as required by 4-7-3/3.1.6, are to beposted at each location where gas can be released. This is to include instructions for manualmeans of regulating the amount of gas to be released into each of the protected spaces.

3.7 Steam Systems 4-7-3/3.7

In general, the use of steam as a fire-extinguishing medium in fixed fire extinguishing systems is notpermitted. In exceptional cases, the use of steam may be permitted in restricted areas as an additionto the required fire extinguishing medium with the proviso that the boiler or boilers available forsupplying steam are to have an evaporation of at least 1.0 kg (2.2 lb) of steam per hour for each0.75 m3 (27 ft3) of the gross volume of the largest space so protected.



3.9 Flue Gas Systems 4-7-3/3.9

Inert gas produced on the vessel by means of combustion of fuel may be used as a fire-extinguishingmedium, provided the oxygen content, the carbon monoxide content, the corrosive elements and anysolid combustible elements have been reduced to a permissible minimum. In general, if such gas isused for the protection of machinery space, it is to afford protection equivalent to that provided by afixed system using carbon dioxide as the medium. If used for the protection of cargo spaces, asufficient quantity of such gas is to be available to supply hourly a volume of free gas at least equal to25% of the gross volume of the largest space protected in this way for a period of 72 hours.

3.11 Equivalent Fixed Gas Fire-Extinguishing Systems for Machinery Spaces andCargo Pump Rooms (1 July 2002)

Fixed gas fire-extinguishing systems equivalents to those specified in 4-7-3/3.3 through 4-7-3/3.9 areto be submitted for approval base on the guidelines specified in the MSC/Circ. 848.

5 Fixed Foam Fire Extinguishing Systems 4-7-3/5

5.1 Fixed High-expansion Foam Fire Extinguishing Systems in Machinery Spaces 4-7-3/5.1

5.1.1 Foam Quantity 4-7-3/5.1.1

Any required fixed high-expansion foam system in machinery spaces is to be capable ofrapidly discharging through fixed discharge outlets a quantity of foam sufficient to fill thegreatest space to be protected at a rate of at least 1 m (3.3 ft) in depth per minute. Thequantity of foam-forming liquid available is to be sufficient to produce a volume of foamequal to five times the volume of the largest space to be protected. The expansion ratio of thefoam is not to exceed 1,000:1.

Alternative arrangements and discharge rates may be accepted provided that equivalentprotection is achieved.

5.1.2 Foam Distribution 4-7-3/5.1.2

Supply ducts for delivering foam, air intakes to the foam generator and the number of foam-producing units are to be such as to provide effective foam production and distribution.

5.1.3 Arrangement of Foam Equipment (1 July 2002)4-7-3/5.1.3

The arrangement of the foam generator delivery ducting is to be such that a fire in theprotected space will not affect the foam generating equipment. If the foam generators arelocated adjacent to the protected space, foam delivery ducts are to be installed to allow atleast 450 mm (17.72 in.) of separation between the generators and the protected space. Thefoam delivery ducts are to be constructed of steel having a thickness of not less than 5 mm(0.197 in.). In addition, stainless steel dampers (single or multi-bladed) with a thickness ofnot less than 3 mm (0.118 in.) are to be installed at the openings in the boundary bulkheadsor decks between the foam generators and the protected space. The dampers are to beautomatically operated (electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically) by means of remotecontrol of the foam generator related to them. The foam generator, its sources of powersupply, foam-forming liquid and means of controlling the system are to be readily accessibleand simple to operate and are to be grouped in as few locations as possible at positions notlikely to be cut off by a fire in the protected space.



5.1.4 Foam Specifications (1 July 2002)4-7-3/5.1.4

5.1.4(a) General. Fixed foam fire-extinguishing systems are to be capable of generatingfoam suitable for extinguishing oil fires

5.1.4(b) Performance testing and surveys. Reference is to be made to IMOMSC/Circ.670 Guidelines for the performance and testing criteria and surveys of high-expansion foam concentrates for fixed fire extinguishing systems.

5.3 Fixed Low-expansion Foam Fire Extinguishing System in Machinery Spaces 4-7-3/5.3

5.3.1 System Characteristics (1 July 2002)4-7-3/5.3.1

Where in any machinery space a fixed low-expansion foam fire extinguishing system is fittedin addition to the requirements of 4-7-2/1, such system is to be capable of dischargingthrough fixed discharge outlets in not more than five minutes a quantity of foam sufficient tocover to a depth of 150 mm (6 in) the largest single area over which oil fuel is liable tospread. The system is to be capable of generating foam suitable for extinguishing oil fires.Means are to be provided for effective distribution of the foam through a permanent system ofpiping and control valves or cocks to suitable discharge outlets, and for the foam to beeffectively directed by fixed sprayers on other main fire hazards in the protected space. Theexpansion ratio of the foam is not to exceed 12:1. The means for effective distribution of thefoam is to be verified through calculation and submitted for approval, or by testing to thesatisfaction of the Surveyor.

5.3.2 Location of System Controls 4-7-3/5.3.2

The means of control of any such systems are to be readily accessible and simple to operateand are to be grouped together in as few locations as possible at positions not likely to be cutoff by a fire in the protected space.

5.3.3 Foam Specifications 4-7-3/5.3.3

Reference is to be made to IMO MSC/Circ.582 and Corr. 1 Guidelines for the performanceand testing criteria and surveys of low-expansion foam concentrates for fixed fireextinguishing systems.

5.5 Fixed Foam Fire Extinguishing System Outside Machinery Spaces 4-7-3/5.5

When a foam fire extinguishing system is installed in any other space than a machinery space, thesystem should meet the requirements of 4-7-3/5.1 or 4-7-3/5.3.

7 Fixed Pressure Water-spraying and Water-mist FireExtinguishing Systems in Machinery Spaces (1 July 2002)4-7-3/7

7.1 Fixed Pressure Water-spraying Fire Extinguishing System

7.1.1 Nozzle Type 4-7-3/7.1

Any required fixed pressure water-spraying fire extinguishing system in machinery spaces isto be provided with spraying nozzles of an approved type.

7.1.2 Number and Arrangement of Nozzles /7.3

The number and arrangement of the nozzles are to be such as to ensure an effective averagedistribution of water of at least 5 liters/min/m2 (0.12 gal/min/ft2) in the spaces to be protected.The nozzles are to be fitted above bilges, tank tops and other areas over which oil fuel isliable to spread and also above other specific fire hazards in the machinery spaces.



7.1.3 System Subdivision 4-7-3/7.5

The system may be divided into sections, the distribution valves of which are to be operatedfrom easily accessible positions outside the spaces to be protected and will not be readily cutoff by a fire in the protected space.

7.1.4 System Pressurization 4-7-3/7.7

The system is to be kept charged at the necessary pressure and the pump supplying the waterfor the system is to be put automatically into action by a pressure drop in the system.

7.1.5 Pump Capability and Location 4-7-3/7.9

The pump is to be capable of simultaneously supplying at the necessary pressure all sectionsof the system in any one compartment to be protected. The pump and its controls are to beinstalled outside the space or spaces to be protected. It is to be avoided that a fire in thespace or spaces protected by the water-spraying system put the system out of action.

7.1.6 Pump Prime Mover 4-7-3/7.11

The pump may be driven by independent internal combustion machinery but, if it is dependentupon power being supplied from the emergency generator, the generator is to be so arrangedas to start automatically in case of main power failure so that power for the pump isimmediately available. When the pump is driven by independent internal combustionmachinery it is to be so situated that a fire in the protected space will not affect the air supplyto the machinery.

7.1.7 Precautions to Safeguard Nozzle Clogging 4-7-3/7.13

Precautions are to be taken to prevent the nozzles from becoming clogged by impurities in thewater or corrosion of piping, nozzles, valves and pump.

7.3 Equivalent Water-mist Fire-extinguishing Systems

Water-mist fire extinguishing systems for machinery spaces and cargo pump rooms are to besubmitted for approval by the Bureau. Reference is to be made to the Alternative arrangements forhalon fire-extinguishing systems in machinery spaces and pump rooms (MSC/Circ. 668) and theRevised test method for equivalent water-based fire-extinguishing systems for machinery spaces ofcategory A and cargo pump rooms (MSC/Circ. 728)

9 Automatic Sprinkler, Fire Detection and Fire AlarmSystems 4-7-3/9

9.1 General (1 July 2002)4-7-3/9.1

9.1.1 Basic Sprinkler System Requirements 4-7-3/9.1.1

Any required automatic sprinkler, fire detection and fire alarm system is to be capable ofimmediate operation at all times and no action by the crew is to be necessary to set it inoperation. It is to be of the wet pipe type (i.e. permanently filled with water under pressurefrom the freshwater tank) but small exposed sections may be of the dry pipe type (i.e. notpermanently filled with water) where this is a necessary precaution. Saunas are to be fittedwith a dry pipe system, with sprinkler heads having an operating temperature up to 140°C(284°F). Any parts of the system which may be subjected to freezing temperatures in serviceare to be suitably protected against freezing. It is to be kept charged at the necessary pressureand is to have provision for a continuous supply of water.



9.1.2 Basic Fire Alarm System Requirements 4-7-3/9.1.2

Each section of sprinklers is to include means for giving a visual and audible alarm signalautomatically at one or more indicating units whenever any sprinkler comes into operation.Such alarm systems are to be such as to indicate if any fault occurs in the system. Such unitsare to indicate in which section served by the system a fire has occurred and are to becentralized on the navigating bridge or in the continuously manned central control stationand, in addition, visible and audible alarms from the unit are to be placed in a position otherthan on the aforementioned spaces to ensure that the indication of fire is immediatelyreceived by the crew.

9.1.3 Sprinkler Systems Equivalency

Automatic sprinkler systems equivalent to those specified in 4-7-3/9 are to be submitted forapproval by the Bureau. Reference is to be made to the Revised Guidelines for approval ofsprinkler systems equivalent to that refereed to in SOLAS Regulation II-2/12 as adopted bythe IMO by resolution A.800(19).

9.3 Sprinkler System Arrangements 4-7-3/9.3

9.3.1 Sprinkler Sections 4-7-3/9.3.1

Sprinklers are to be grouped into separate sections, each of which is to contain not more than200 sprinklers.

9.3.2 Section Isolating Valves (1 July 2002)4-7-3/9.3.2

Each section of sprinklers is to be capable of being isolated by one stop valve only. The stopvalve in each section is to be readily accessible in a location outside of the associated sectionor in cabinets within stairway enclosures. The valve's location is to be clearly andpermanently indicated. Means are to be provided to prevent the operation of the stop valvesby any unauthorized person.

9.3.3 Pressure Indicators 4-7-3/9.3.3

A gauge indicating the pressure in the system is to be provided at each section stop valve andat a central station.

9.3.4 Information and Instructions for Crew 4-7-3/9.3.4

A list or plan is to be displayed at each indicating unit showing the spaces covered and thelocation of the zone in respect of each section. Suitable instructions for testing andmaintenance are to be available.

9.5 Sprinklers Characteristics 4-7-3/9.5

Sprinklers are to be resistant to corrosion by marine atmosphere. In accommodation and servicespaces the sprinklers are to come into operation within the temperature range from 68°C (154°F) to79°C (174°F), except that in locations such as drying rooms, where high ambient temperatures mightbe expected, the operating temperature may be increased by not more than 30°C (86°F) above themaximum deckhead temperature.

Sprinklers are to be placed in an overhead position and spaced in a suitable pattern to maintain anaverage application rate of not less than 5 liters/m2/min (0.12 gal/min/ft2) over the nominal area (i.e.gross, horizontal projection of the area to be covered) covered by the sprinklers. However, the use ofsprinklers providing such an alternative amount of water suitably distributed as to be not lesseffective may be considered.



9.7 Pressure Tank 4-7-3/9.7

9.7.1 Pressure Tank Characteristics 4-7-3/9.7.1

A pressure tank having a volume equal to at least twice that of the charge of water specifiedin this subparagraph is to be provided. The tank is to contain a standing charge of freshwater, equivalent to the amount of water which would be discharged in one minute by thepump referred to in 4-7-3/9.9.2, and the arrangements are to provide for maintaining an airpressure in the tank such as to ensure that where the standing charge of fresh water in thetank has been used, the pressure will be not less than the working pressure of the sprinkler,plus the pressure exerted by a head of water measured from the bottom of the tank to thehighest sprinkler in the system.

Suitable means of replenishing the air under pressure and of replenishing the fresh watercharge in the tank are to be provided. A glass gauge is to be provided to indicate the correctlevel of the water in the tank.

9.7.2 Protection from Sea Water 4-7-3/9.7.2

Means are to be provided to prevent the passage of seawater into the tank.

9.9 Pumps and Piping Systems 4-7-3/9.9

9.9.1 Required Pump 4-7-3/9.9.1

An independent power pump is to be provided solely for the purpose of continuingautomatically the discharge of water from the sprinklers. The pump is to be brought intoaction automatically by the pressure drop in the system before the standing fresh watercharge in the pressure tank is completely exhausted.

9.9.2 Pump and Piping Capacity (1 July 2002)4-7-3/9.9.2

The pump and the piping system are to be capable of maintaining the necessary pressure atthe level of the highest sprinkler to ensure a continuous output of water sufficient for thesimultaneous coverage of a minimum area of 280 m2 (3050 ft2) at the application ratespecified in 4-7-3/9.5. The hydraulic capacity of the system is to be confirmed by the review ofhydraulic calculations, followed by a test of the system, by the Surveyor.

9.9.3 Test Valve 4-7-3/9.9.3

The pump is to have fitted on the delivery side a test valve with a short open-ended dischargepipe. The effective area through the valve and pipe is to be adequate to permit the release ofthe required pump output while maintaining the pressure in the system specified in4-7-3/9.7.1.

9.9.4 Sea Inlet 4-7-3/9.9.4

The sea inlet to the pump is to, wherever possible, be in the space containing the pump and isto be so arranged that when the vessel is afloat it will not be necessary to shut off the supplyof sea water to the pump for any purpose other than the inspection or repair of the pump.

9.11 Location of Sprinkler Pump and Tank 4-7-3/9.11

The sprinkler pump and tank are to be situated in a position reasonably remote from any machineryspace of category A and are not to be situated in any space required to be protected by the sprinklersystem.



9.13 Power Sources 4-7-3/9.13

There are to be not less than two sources of power supply for the sea water pump and automaticalarm and detection system. If the pump is electrically driven it is to be connected to the main sourceof electrical power, which is to be capable of being supplied by at least two generators. The feedersare to be so arranged as to avoid galleys, machinery spaces and other enclosed spaces of high firerisk except in so far as it is necessary to reach the appropriate switchboards. One of the sources ofpower supply for the alarm and detection system is to be an emergency source. Where one of thesources of power for the pump is an internal combustion engine, in addition to complying with theprovisions of 4-7-3/9.11, the source is to be so situated that a fire in any protected space will notaffect the air supply to the machinery.

9.15 Connection with the Fire Main 4-7-3/9.15

The sprinkler system is to have a connection from the vessel's fire main by way of a lockable screw-down non-return valve at the connection which will prevent a backflow from the sprinkler system tothe fire main.

9.17 Testing 4-7-3/9.17

9.17.1 Test Valve 4-7-3/9.17.1

A test valve is to be provided for testing the automatic alarm for each section of sprinklers bya discharge of water equivalent to the operation of one sprinkler. The test valve for eachsection is to be situated near the stop valve for that section.

9.17.2 Pump Operation Testing 4-7-3/9.17.2

Means are to be provided for testing the automatic operation of the pump on reduction ofpressure in the system.

9.17.3 Alarms and Indicators Testing 4-7-3/9.17.3

Switches are to be provided at one of the indicating positions referred to in 4-7-3/9.1.2 whichwill enable the alarm and the indicators for each section of sprinklers to be tested.

9.19 Spare Parts (1 July 2002)4-7-3/9.19

A quantity of spare sprinkler heads is to be provided for all types and ratings installed on the vesselas follows: .

Total number of heads Required number of spares

<300 6

300 - 1000 12

>1000 24

The number of spare sprinkler heads of any type need not to exceed the total number of headsinstalled of that type.



11 Fixed Fire Detection and Fire Alarm Systems 4-7-3/11

11.1 System Requirements 4-7-3/11.1

11.1.1 Readiness 4-7-3/11.1.1

Any required fixed fire detection and fire alarm system with manually operated call points isto be capable of immediate operation at all times.

11.1.2 System Monitoring 4-7-3/11.1.2

Power supplies and electric circuits necessary for the operation of the system are to bemonitored for loss of power or fault conditions as appropriate. Occurrence of a faultcondition is to initiate a visual and audible fault signal at the control panel which is to bedistinct from a fire signal.

11.1.3 Arrangements of Power Supplies 4-7-3/11.1.3

There are to be not less than two sources of power supply for the electrical equipment used inthe operation of the fixed fire detection and fire alarm system, one of which is to be anemergency source. The supply is to be provided by separate feeders reserved solely for thatpurpose. Such feeders are to run to an automatic change-over switch situated in or adjacentto the control panel for the fire detection system.

The feeders from the main and the emergency switchboards are run to the changeover switchwithout passing through any other distribution board.

11.1.4 System Arrangements 4-7-3/11.1.4

Detectors and manually operated call points are to be grouped into sections. The activationof any detector or manually operated call point is to initiate a visual and audible fire signal atthe control panel and indicating units. If the signals have not received attention within twominutes an audible alarm is to be automatically sounded throughout the crew accommodationand service spaces, control stations and machinery spaces of category A. This alarm soundersystem need not be an integral part of the detection system.

11.1.5 Location of Control Panel (1 July 2002)4-7-3/11.1.5

The control panel is to be located on the navigating bridge or in the continuously mannedcentral control station.

11.1.6 Indicating Units and Their Locations (1 July 2002)4-7-3/11.1.6

Indicating units are to denote, as a minimum, the section in which a detector has beenactivated or manually operated call point has been operated. At least one unit is to be solocated that it is easily accessible to responsible members of the crew at all times. Oneindicating unit is to be located on the navigating bridge if the control panel is located in thecontinuously manned central control station.

11.1.7 Information for Each Indicating Unit 4-7-3/11.1.7

Clear information is to be displayed on or adjacent to each indicating unit about the spacescovered and the location of the sections.

11.1.8 Coverage Limitation of Each Section (1 July 2002)4-7-3/11.1.8

Where the fixed fire detection and fire alarm system does not include means of remotelyidentifying each detector individually, no section covering more than one deck withinaccommodation spaces, service spaces and control stations is normally to be permitted excepta section which covers an enclosed stairway. See also zone address identification capabilityin 4-7-3/11.1.14.



In order to avoid delay in identifying the source of fire, the number of enclosed spacesincluded in each section is to be limited. In no case are more than fifty enclosed spaces to bepermitted in any section. If the detection system is fitted with remotely and individuallyidentifiable fire detectors, the sections may cover several decks and serve any number ofenclosed spaces.

11.1.9 Machinery Spaces of Category A (1 July 2002) 4-7-3/11.1.9

A section of fire detectors which covers a control station, a service space or anaccommodation space is not to include a machinery space of category A. For fixed firedetection and fire alarm systems with remotely and individually identifiable fire detectors, aloop covering sections of fire detectors in accommodation, service spaces and control stationis not to include sections of fire detectors in machinery spaces of category A.

11.1.10 Types of Detector 4-7-3/11.1.10

Detectors are to be operated by heat, smoke or other products of combustion, flame, or anycombination of these factors. Detectors operated by other factors indicative of incipient firesmay be considered provided that they are no less sensitive than such detectors. Flamedetectors are only to be used in addition to smoke or heat detectors.

11.1.11 Instructions for Testing and Maintenance 4-7-3/11.1.11

Suitable instructions and component spares for testing and maintenance are to be provided.

11.1.12 Periodical Testing 4-7-3/11.1.12

The function of the detection system is to be periodically tested by means of equipmentproducing hot air at the appropriate temperature, or smoke or aerosol particles having theappropriate range of density or particle size, or other phenomena associated with incipientfires to which the detector is designed to respond. All detectors are to be of a type such thatthey can be tested for correct operation and restored to normal surveillance without therenewal of any component.

11.1.13 Exclusiveness of Fire Detector Systems (1 July 2002)4-7-3/11.1.13

The fixed fire detection and fire alarm system is not to be used for any other purpose, exceptthat closing of fire doors and similar functions may be permitted at the control panel.

11.1.14 Zone Address Identification Capability (1 July 2002)4-7-3/11.1.14

Fixed fire detection and fire alarm systems with a zone address identification capability areto be so arranged that:

i) means are provided to ensure that any fault (e.g. power break, short circuit; earth)occurring in the loop will not render the whole loop ineffective (This requirement isconsidered satisfied when a fault occurring in the loop only renders ineffective a partof the loop not being larger than a section of a system without means of remotelyidentifying each detector.);

ii) all arrangements are made to enable the initial configuration of the system to berestored in the event of failure (electrical, electronic, informatics);

iii) the first initiated fire alarm will not prevent any other detector to initiate further firealarms;

iv) no loop will pass through a space twice. When this is not practical (e.g. for largepublic spaces), the part of the loop which by necessity passes through the space for asecond time is to be installed at the maximum possible distance from the other partsof the loop.



11.3 Installation Requirements 4-7-3/11.3

11.3.1 Locations Requiring Manually Operated Call Points 4-7-3/11.3.1

Manually operated call points are to be installed throughout the accommodation spaces,service spaces and control stations. One manually operated call point is to be located at eachexit. Manually operated call points are to be readily accessible in the corridors of each decksuch that no part of the corridor is more than 20 m (66 ft) from a manually operated callpoint.

11.3.2 Locations Requiring Smoke Detectors 4-7-3/11.3.2

Smoke detectors are to be installed in all stairways, corridors and escape routes withinaccommodation spaces. Consideration is to be given to the installation of special purposesmoke detectors within ventilation ducting.

11.3.3 Other Locations 4-7-3/11.3.3

Where a fixed fire detection and fire alarm system is required for the protection of spacesother than those specified in 4-7-3/11.3.2, at least one detector complying with 4-7-3/11.1.10is to be installed in each such space.

11.3.4 Choice of Positions for Detectors (1 July 2002) 4-7-3/11.3.4

Detectors are to be located for optimum performance. Positions near beams and ventilationducts or other positions, where patterns of air flow could adversely affect performance andpositions where impact or physical damage is likely, are to be avoided. Detectors which arelocated on the overhead are to be a minimum distance of 0.5 m (1.65 ft) away frombulkheads, except in corridors, lockers and stairways.

11.3.5 Spacing of Fire Detectors 4-7-3/11.3.5

The maximum spacing of detectors is to be in accordance with 4-7-3/Table 3. Other spacingmay be permitted based upon test data which demonstrate the characteristics of the detectors.

TABLE 3Detector Spacing

Type of

detector

Maximum floor areaper detector

Maximum distance apartbetween centers

Maximum distance awayfrom bulkheads

Heat 37 m2 398 ft2 9 m 29.5 ft 4.5 m 14.8 ft

Smoke 74 m2 796 ft2 11 m 36 ft 5.5 m 18 ft

11.3.6 Arrangement of Electrical Wiring (1 July 2002)4-7-3/11.3.6

Electrical wiring which forms part of the system is to be so arranged as to avoid galleys,machinery spaces of category A, and other enclosed spaces of high fire risk except where it isnecessary to provide for fire detection or fire alarm in such spaces or to connect to theappropriate power supply. A loop of fire detection systems with a zone address identificationcapability is not to be damaged at more than one point by a fire.

11.5 Equipment Design Requirements 4-7-3/11.5

11.5.1 General 4-7-3/11.5.1

The system and equipment are to be suitably designed to withstand supply voltage variationand transients, ambient temperature changes, vibration, humidity, shock, impact andcorrosion normally encountered in vessels.



11.5.2 Smoke Detectors 4-7-3/11.5.2

Smoke detectors required by 4-7-3/11.3.2 are to be certified to operate before the smokedensity exceeds 12.5% obscuration per meter (3.8% obscuration per feet), but not until thesmoke density exceeds 2% obscuration per meter (0.6% obscuration per feet). Smokedetectors which are to be installed in other spaces are to operate within sensitivity limitswhich are to be settled having regard to the avoidance of detector insensitivity or oversensitivity.

11.5.3 Heat Detectors 4-7-3/11.5.3

Heat detectors are to be certified to operate before the temperature exceeds 78°C (172°F) butnot until the temperature exceeds 54°C (129°F), when the temperature is raised to thoselimits at a rate less than 1°C/min (1.8°F/min). At higher rates of temperature rise, the heatdetector is to operate within temperature limits which are to be settled having regard to theavoidance of detector insensitivity or over sensitivity.

11.5.4 Heat Detectors in Drying Rooms and Similar Spaces (1 July 2002)4-7-3/11.5.4

The operation temperature of heat detectors in drying rooms and similar spaces of a normalhigh ambient temperature may be up to 130°C (266°F), and up to 140°C (284°F) in saunas.

13 Sample Extraction Smoke Detection Systems 4-7-3/13

13.1 General Requirements 4-7-3/13.1

13.1.1 Continuous Operation (1 July 2002)4-7-3/13.1.1

Any required system is to be capable of continuous operation at all times except that systemsoperating on a sequential scanning principle may be accepted, provided that the intervalbetween scanning the same position twice gives an overall response time which can beconsidered adequate for alerting an inception of fire.

13.1.2 Power Supply 4-7-3/13.1.2

Power supplies necessary for the operation of the system is to be monitored for the loss ofpower. Any loss of power is to initiate a visual and audible signal at the control panel and thenavigating bridge which is to be distinct from the signal indicating smoke detection. Analternative power supply for the electrical equipment used in the operation of the system is tobe provided.

13.1.3 Control Panel (1 July 2002)4-7-3/13.1.3

The control panel is to be located on the navigating bridge or in the continuously mannedcentral control station. The detection of smoke or other products of combustion is to initiatea visual and audible signal at the control panel and the navigating bridge or continuouslymanned central control station. Clear information is to be displayed at or adjacent to thecontrol panel designating the spaces covered.

13.1.4 Sampling Pipes 4-7-3/13.1.4

The sampling pipe arrangements are to be such that the location of the fire can be readilyidentified.

13.1.5 Safety Precautions 4-7-3/13.1.5

The system is to be designed, constructed and installed so as to prevent the leakage of anytoxic or flammable substances or fire extinguishing media into any accommodation andservice space, control station or machinery space.



13.1.6 Maintenance and Periodical Testing (1 July 2002)4-7-3/13.1.6

The system is to be of a type that can be tested for correct operation and restored to normalsurveillance without the renewal of any component. Suitable instructions and componentspares are to be provided on board for the testing and maintenance of the system.

13.3 Installation Requirements 4-7-3/13.3

13.3.1 Smoke Accumulator 4-7-3/13.3.1

At least one smoke accumulator is to be located in every enclosed space for which smokedetection is required. However, where a space is designed to carry oil or refrigerated cargoalternatively with cargoes for which a smoke sampling system is required, means may beprovided to isolate the smoke accumulators in such compartments for the system. Such meansare to be submitted for consideration in each case.

13.3.2 Smoke Accumulator Spacing 4-7-3/13.3.2

Smoke accumulators are to be located for optimum performance and are to be spaced so thatno part of the overhead deck area is more than 12 m (40 ft) measured horizontally from anaccumulator. Where systems are used in spaces which are mechanically ventilated, thepositions of the smoke accumulators are to be considered having regard to the effect ofventilation.

13.3.3 Protection from Damage 4-7-3/13.3.3

Smoke accumulators are to be positioned where impact or physical damage is unlikely tooccur.

13.3.4 Connection to Sampling Points 4-7-3/13.3.4

Not more than four accumulators are to be connected to each sampling point. Smokeaccumulators from more than one enclosed space are not to be connected to the samesampling point.

13.3.5 Sampling Pipe 4-7-3/13.3.5

Sampling pipes are to be self-draining and suitably protected from impact or damage fromcargo working.

13.5 Equipment Design Requirements 4-7-3/13.5

13.5.1 General 4-7-3/13.5.1

The system and equipment are to be suitably designed to withstand supply voltage variationsand transients, ambient temperature changes, vibration, humidity, shock, impact andcorrosion normally encountered in vessels and to avoid the possibility of ignition offlammable gas/air mixture.

13.5.2 Sensing Unit 4-7-3/13.5.2

The sensing unit is to be certified to operate before the smoke density within the sensingchamber exceeds 6.65% obscuration per meter (2% obscuration per foot).

13.5.3 Sampling Extraction Fan 4-7-3/13.5.3

Duplicate sampling extraction fans are to be provided. The fans are to be of sufficientcapacity to operate under the normal conditions or ventilation in the protected area and areto give an overall response time which can be considered adequate for alerting an inceptionof fire.



13.5.4 Control Panel 4-7-3/13.5.4

The control panel is to permit observation of smoke in the individual sampling pipe.

13.5.5 Flow Monitoring 4-7-3/13.5.5

Means are to be provided to monitor the airflow through the sampling pipes so designed as toensure that as far as practicable equal quantities are extracted from each interconnectedaccumulator.

13.5.6 Sampling Pipes (1 July 2002)4-7-3/13.5.6

Sampling pipes are to be a minimum of 12 mm (0.5 in) internal diameter except when used inconjunction with fixed gas fire extinguishing systems when the minimum size of pipe shouldbe sufficient to permit the fire extinguishing gas to be discharged within the appropriate time.Sampling pipes are to be provided with arrangement for periodically purging withcompressed air.

15 Miscellaneous Fire Fighting Equipment 4-7-3/15

15.1 Portable Fire Extinguishers (1 July 2002)4-7-3/15.1

15.1.1 Type and Capacity 4-7-3/15.1.1

All fire extinguishers are to be of approved types and designs. Each powder or carbondioxide extinguisher is to have a capacity of at least 5 kg (11 lb.), and each foam extinguisheris to have a capacity of at least 9 liters (2.5 gallons). The mass of all portable fireextinguishers is not to exceed 23 kg (50.7 lb), and they are to have a fire extinguishingcapability at least equivalent to that of a 9 liters (2.5 gallons) fluid extinguisher. 4-7-3/Table 4may be used to determine the equivalents of portable fire extinguishers:

TABLE 4Equivalent Fire Extinguishers (1 July 2002)

Classification Water Foam CO2 Dry chemical

Type Size liters gallons liters gallons kg lb kg lb

A II 9.5 2.5 9.5 2.5

B II 9.5 2.5 5.0 11 5 11

C II 5.0 11 5 11

Type A: Suitable for use on fires involving ordinary combustible materials such as wood, cloth, paper andtextiles (2001)

Type B: Suitable for use on fires involving flammable and combustible liquids (e.g. oils, oil based paints,solvents, petroleum greases, etc.) (2001)

Type C: Suitable for use on e fires involving energized electrical equipment where electrical non-conductivity of the extinguishing medium is important (2001)

Fire extinguishers containing an extinguishing medium which, either by itself or under expectedconditions of use, gives off toxic gases in such quantities as to endanger persons are not permitted.

15.1.2 Spare Charges 4-7-3/15.1.2

Spare charge is to be provided for 100% of the first 10 extinguishers and 50% of theremaining fire extinguishers capable of being recharged on board. Not more than 60 totalspare charges are required. Instructions for recharging are to be carried on board. Onlyrefills approved for the fire extinguisher in question is to be used for recharging



For fire extinguishers, which cannot be recharged onboard, additional portable fireextinguishers of the same quantity, type, capacity and number as determined above are to beprovided in lieu of spare charges.

15.1.3 Installation (2002)

See Section 4-7-2, 5-5-7/Table 2 and 5-5-7/Table 3 (container carriers), 5-9-11/3.14 (chemicalcarriers) and 5-10-4/3.3.3 (ro-ro vessels) regarding the type, size, quantity and locations ofportable fire extinguishers required. Also, one of the portable fire extinguishers intended foruse in any space is to be stowed near the entrance to that space.

15.1.4 Arrangements

Carbon dioxide fire extinguishers are not to be placed in accommodation spaces. In controlstations and other spaces containing electrical or electronic equipment or appliancesnecessary for the safety of the vessel, fire extinguishers are to be provided whoseextinguishing media are neither electrically conductive nor harmful to the equipment andappliances.

15.3 Portable Foam Applicators (1 July 2002)4-7-3/15.3

A portable foam applicator unit is to consist of a foam nozzle of an inductor type capable of beingconnected to the fire main by a fire hose, together with a portable tank containing at least 20 liters (5gallon) of foam-making liquid and one spare tank of foam making liquid. The nozzle is to be capableof producing effective foam suitable for extinguishing an oil fire, at the rate of at least 1.5 m3/min(3180 ft3/h). The foam applicator is subject to the same periodical examination as described in 7-6-2/1.1.8(d).

15.5 Fire-fighter's Outfit (1 July 2002)4-7-3/15.5

15.5.1 Constituents of the Outfit 4-7-3/15.5.1

A fire-fighter's outfit is to consist of a set of personal equipment and a breathing apparatus:

1 5 . 5 . 1 ( a ) P e r s o n a l e q u i p m e n t . Personal equipment is to consist of:

Protective clothing of material to protect the skin from the heat radiating from thefire and from burns and scalding by steam. The outer surface is to be water-resistant.

Boots of rubber or other electrically non-conducting material.

A rigid helmet providing effective protection against impact.

An electric safety lamp (hand lantern) of an approved type with a minimum burningperiod of three hours. Electric safety lamps on a tankers and these intended to beused in hazardous areas are to be of an explosion-proof type; and

An axe with a handle provided with high-voltage insulation.

1 5 . 5 . 1 ( b ) B r e a t h i n g a p p a r a t u s . Breathing apparatus is to be a self-containedcompressed air-operated breathing apparatus, the volume of the air contained in thecylinders of which is to be at least 1,200 liters (317 gal.), or other self-contained breathingapparatus which is to be capable of functioning for at least 30 min. Two spare charges are tobe provided for each required breathing apparatus. All air cylinders for breathing apparatusare to be interchangeable. Vessels that are equipped with suitably located means for fullyrecharging the air cylinders free from contamination need carry only one spare charge foreach required apparatus.

1 5 . 5 . 1 ( c ) L i f e l i n e . For each breathing apparatus, a fireproof lifeline of at least 30 m(98.5 ft) in length is to be provided. The lifeline is to successfully pass an approval test bystatic load of 3.5 kN (360 kgf, 787 lbf) for 5 min without failure. The lifeline is to be capable



of being attached by means of a snap hook to the harness of the apparatus or to a separatebelt in order to prevent the breathing apparatus becoming detached when the lifeline isoperated.

15.5.2 Required Number of Fire-fighter's Outfits 4-7-3/15.5.2

1 5 . 5 . 2 ( a ) M i n i m u m n u m b e r o f f i r e - f i g h t e r ' s o u t f i t s . All vessels are to carryat least two fire-fighter's outfits, complying with the requirements of 4-7-3/15.5.1.

1 5 . 5 . 2 ( b ) A d d i t i o n a l f i r e - f i g h t e r ' s o u t f i t s . Additional sets of personalequipment and breathing apparatus may be required, having due regard to the size and typeof the vessel.

15.5.3 Storage of Fire-fighter's s Outfits 4-7-3/15.5.3

The fire-fighter's outfits or sets of personal equipment are to be kept ready for use in aneasily accessible location that is permanently and clearly marked and, where more than onefire-fighter's outfit or more than one set of personal equipment is carried, they are to bestored in widely separated positions.

15.7 Emergency Escape Breathing Devices (EEBD) (1 July 2002)

15.7.1 Accommodation Spaces

All ships are to carry at least two emergency escape breathing devices within accommodationspaces.

15.7.2 Machinery Spaces

On all vessels, within the machinery spaces, emergency escape breathing devices are to besituated ready for use at easily visible places, which can be reached quickly and easily at anytime in the event of fire. The location of emergency escape breathing devices is to take intoaccount the layout of the machinery space and the number of persons normally working in thespaces.( See the Guidelines for the performance, location, use and care of emergency escapebreathing devices, MSC/Circ. 849). The number and location are to be indicated inn the firecontrol plan required in 4-7-1/9.

15.7.3 EEBD Specification

15.7.3(a) General. An EEBD is a supply-air or oxygen device only used for escapefrom a compartment that has a hazardous atmosphere and is to be of an approved type.EEBDs are not to be used for fighting fires, entering oxygen deficient voids or tanks, or wornby fire-fighters. In these events, a self-containing breathing apparatus, which is specificallysuited for such applications, is to be used.

15.7.3(b) EEBD Particulars. The EEBD is to have duration of service for 10 minutes.The EEBD is to include a hood or full face piece, as appropriate, to protect the eyes, nose andmouth during escape. Hoods and face pieces are to be constructed of flame resistantmaterials and include a clear window for viewing. An inactivated EEBD is to be capable ofbeing carried hands-free.

15.7.3(c) EEBD Storage. An EEBD, when stored, is to be suitably protected fromenvironment.

15.7.3(d) EEBD Instructions and Markings. Brief instructions or diagrams clearlyillustrating their use are to be clearly printed on the EEBD. The donning procedures are to bequick and easy to allow for situations where there is little time to seek safety from ahazardous atmosphere. Maintenance requirements, manufacturer's trademarks and serialnumber, shelf life with accompanying manufacture date and name of approving authority areto be printed on each EEBD. All EEBD training units are to be clearly marked.

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