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Solar Inverter from DeltaThe heart of your PV system
Solar Inverter TrainingSolar Inverter Training
LOB Green Energy
www.solar-inverter.comV1.12
Topics
About us– Delta Group– “Green Energy“ Engagement– LOB Green Energy
Solar Inverter– Product Overview SOLIVIA– Accessories
Efficiency
Advantages of Delta Solar Inverter
Customer Questions to Service
LEDs and Display
Delta Service Software
Fault Analysis
Installation
Service & Support
References
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
About us
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
Delta Group
Founded: 1971 World’s No. 1 supplier of
Switch Mode Power Supplies and DC brushless fan
Headquarters in Taipei, Taiwan Sales of about US$ 6 billion Worldwide presence 60,000 employees
„to provide innovative, clean
and efficient energy solutions
for a better tomorrow“
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
Power Management Display Solutions Components
Industrial Automation
AutomotiveElectronics
Green Energy
Networking
Product Range
LED Solutions
EV / HEV starters battery packs
high-efficiency String + Central
Innovative, high-efficiency modularized designs
High brightness full HD projectors from 5,000 to
30,000 lumens
Inverters, dedicated server industrial controllers
World's No.1 supplier of DC brushless fans
Energy-saving networking wireless broadband solutions
high-end semi-custom solution for Telecom
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
Solar target markets
USA City of Industry, CA Sales and Support
Seoul, Korea
Sales and Support
Bangkok, Thailand
Production
Sales and Support
Europe
Tennigen, Germany
Research & Devlopment
Sales and Support
IndiaBangalore – Karnataka
Sales and Support
Taipei, Taiwan Headquarters
Australia
Sales and Support
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
Solar Facilities in Europe
Teningen und Soest, GermanyMarketing, Sales & Support, R&D, Qualifikation,
Produktion
Dubnica nad Váhom ( Slovakia) Produktion, Sales & Support
France ( Germany)Sales
Bologna, Italy Sales & Support
Madrid, Spain Sales & Support
Czech Republic( Slovakia) Sales
Portugal ( Spain) Sales
Belgium ( Germany)Sales
Netherlands ( Germany)Sales
7
Uznach, SwitzerlandSales & Support, R&D
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
R & D
Expert teams for Innovation Management, Research Programs, Design and Custom Solutions
10 application teams
Over 75 years of experience and knowledge in the field of power conversion
Advanced development team: Topologies, implementation of new components, materials and manufacturing techniques,…
Technical support team
R&D coordination with Delta’s worldwide engineering groups
8
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Equipment
EMI / RFI: Test Rooms– Conducted and radiated emission– RF immunity– HF conducted immunity– Surge and burst, ESD– Voltage variations, dips and drop outs– Harmonics, flicker
Environmental Tests– Shock and vibrations– Temperature (-70 °C to +180 °C max.)– Humidity (10 % to 95 %)
9
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
Component Stress
Burn In
Shock Vibration
HiPot
EMC
IP65 Test
Automatic Final Test
Life Test: Own PV installation in order to test the new developed Solar Inverters
Equipment
10
www.solar-inverter.comV1.111
Production Facilities in Slovakia
Production area: 12.000 m²
Production capacity: 500 Megawatt
Employees: 865
Production of Solar Inverters, Power Supplies for medical engineering and industrial automation applications
www.solar-inverter.comV1.112
Production Facilities in Thailand
Production area (Bangpoo): 72.300 m²
Production capacity: 900 Megawatt (Asia)
Employees : 10.420
Production of Solar Inverters, DC-DC Converters, Automotive Electronics, Telecom Power Systems, Power Supplies for medical engineering and industrial automation applications
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
What our customers expect today and in future…
High reliability (Quality)
Long economic lifetime
High efficiencies
Wide operating temperature ranges
Full digital control
Reliable and fast worldwide support
Training programs
Easy installation13
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
SOLIVIA InverterAsia-Pacific
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
SOLIVIA Brand
SOLar Inverters for Versatile and Intelligent Applications
15
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
SOLIVIA Features
One model for all countries
One unit can be used in six countries in the Asia-Pacific region (Australia, China, India,
Korea, Taiwan and Thailand) simply with the click of a button!
The multi-country models will help Delta and our customers to save costs in production, warehousing
and logistics.
State of the art displayWe improved the usability of our inverters with a new display that is brighter, offers a widerviewing angle and consumes less power.
Easy handling and installationPackaged with each inverter is a mounting plate that makes the mounting of the inverter on a wallas easy as 1-2-3. By incorporating a HF transformer design, units are up to 50% lighter than standard transformer based inverters.
16
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
SOLIVIA Features
Versatile applicationsThe SOLIVIA string and central inverters can be used with all common photovoltaic module
types,even with rear-side contact modules and thin-film modules that require positive or negative DCgrounding. With the optional grounding kit from Delta, the SOLIVIA inverters are a perfect fit for these applications. All SOLIVIA string inverters can be installed indoors or outdoors (IP65 housing).Due to the wide input voltage range of 125V to 540V, the inverters are suitable for a broad rangeof photovoltaic installation types.
Efficiency & temperature improvementsThe brand new SOLIVIA 2.5, SOLIVIA 3.0 and SOLIVIA 3.3 have a maximum efficiency of 96%.Compared to the transformer-based inverters from our competitors, the SOLIVIA inverters deliverthe maximum efficiency over a much wider power range. Full power up to 57 °C ensures maximum yield.
17
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
String Inverter SOLIVIA AP with HF-Transformer- Product Availability by Country
18
SOLIVIA 5.0
Available Q2 2011
www.solar-inverter.comV1.119
String Inverters SOLIVIA AP with HF-Transformer
96.0
94.8
0 … 98
96.0
94.8
0 … 98
96.0
94.8
0 … 98
Max. Efficiency(%)
Efficiency EU (%)
Humidity (%)
IP65 IP65 IP65 Protection class
Output
Input
3300
210…264 (Australia)
14.4
3000
210…264 (Australia)
13.0
2500
210…264 (Australia)
10.9
Nominal power (W)
Voltage range (V)
Nominal current (A)
Nominal power(W)
Voltage range (V)
Nominal current (A)
3630
125 … 540
13.0
3300
125 … 540
11.8
2750
125 … 540
9.8
SOLIVIA 3.3SOLIVIA 3.0 SOLIVIA 2.5
* AC voltage and frequency range will be programmed according to the individual country requirements
SOLIVIA 5.0
95.6
94.6
0 … 98
IP65
5000
210…264 (Australia))
22.0
5500
125 … 540
17.2
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
Solar Inverters for Asia-Pacific
String Inverter with HF-transformer
SOLIVIA 2.5 SOLIVIA 3.0 SOLIVIA 3.3 SOLIVIA 5.0
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
Technical Details – SOLIVIA 2.5, 3.0, 3.3 and 5.0
So
lar
Pan
el
InterleavedBooster
Resonant Converterwith HF Transformer
- Pulsating HFInverter
SOLIVIA 2.5SOLIVIA 3.0SOLIVIA 3.3
SOLIVIA 5.0
21
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Technical Details – SOLIVIA 2.5, 3.0, 3.3 and 5.0
SOLIVIA 2.5SOLIVIA 3.0SOLIVIA 3.3
SOLIVIA 5.0
125-
540 V
22
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Design Layout SOLIVIA 2.5, 3.0, 3.3
AC Inverter
Bulk-ElkosHigh-Frequency Trafo
DC Control-Board
AC Control-Board
ENS Relais
Booster
Auxiliary Power
DC Filter
DC In
AC Out
AC Filter
RS485
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Communication
Product features
RS485 interface
USB via adapter
Standardized software protocol– Based on ANSI x 3.28 Standard– 16bit checksum for error checking– Data packages wrapped by STX and ETX
Baud rate 19200, 8 bits, none parity, 1 stop bit
SOLiViA Monitoring Software (web) included with RS-485 to Ethernet Gateway
Submitted data
Measured data– AC (voltage, current, power, frequency)– DC (voltage, current, insulation resistance)– Total kWh, grid impedance
Statistics– kWh per day, week, month
Inverter status– Operational status, error status
24
SOLIVIA 2.5SOLIVIA 3.0SOLIVIA 3.3SOLIVIA 5.0
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
SOLiViA Monitoring Software
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
Accessories
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
Accessories
Grounding kit – Delta
27
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PV System dimensioning
www.solar-inverter.comV1.129
Efficiency
www.solar-inverter.comV1.130
1000W
90W – 150WLoss: 850W-910W
85,5W – 142,5WLoss: 4,5W-7,5W
1% Improvement in
efficiency
10W 0,9W – 1,5W
9% (amorphous)
15% (crystalline)
Solar Inverter 3.3 AP 95%
Solar Modules Solar Inverter
Efficiency
Solar Modules Grid
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Technical Data
Derating
SOLIVIA 3.3
Efficiency
www.solar-inverter.comV1.132
Advantages ofDelta Inverters
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
Delta, founded in 1971, has worldwide locations in more than 40 countries World’s largest manufacturer of internal switch-mode power supplies with more than 60,000 employees and revenues of $6 billion US
State-of-the-art production facilities ensure availability and fulfill highest quality standards of e.g. solar industry, automotive industry and medical applications
Highly motivated solar team offer Delta customers professional training courses on request as well as fast service via the Solar Support Hotline set up especially for this purpose
High efficiency in higher MPP range
High efficiency in higher and lower power range
Advantage Delta Inverter
Technical Advantages
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
IP65 is important for lifetime of more than 20 years (dustproof)
All connections and settings can be made without opening the inverter
Delta Service Software allows for effective troubleshooting, settings and system check via the RS485 interface without opening the inverter
SOLIVIA - Solar Inverters for Asia-Pacific: One model can used in more than six countries in the Asia-Pacific region (Australia, China, India, Korea, Taiwan andThailand)
Full output power up to 57°C ambient temperature
At a nominal PV power of < 20%, one booster section will be turned-off leading to higher efficiency and life time
Advantage Delta Inverter
Technical Advantages
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
We have built in reverse current protection
Lifetime is increased thanks to assembly of 105°C electrolytic capacitors
Thanks to switching the semiconductors in resonant mode, the lifetime of the transistors will increase significantly
Reduced repair costs due to clear separation of DC and AC side
The calculated MTBF (theoretical fault rate) = 26 years (EXAR 8.0)
We have our own EMV-, Vibration- and Temperature tests.
Delta has a long experience over decades in development of AC/DC, DC/DC and DC/AC power converters
Customers like Microsoft, Apple, Siemens, Nokia, IBM, Sony and of course major customers from the solar field trust in Delta products
Technische Vorteile unserer Inverter
Advantage Delta Inverter
Technical Advantages
www.solar-inverter.comV1.136
Customer Questions to Service
www.solar-inverter.comV1.137
Plant-Configuration, Limits
Limited performance of the Solar Inverter
Too many PV modules → High PV output
→ Power or current limitation of Solar Inverter
Not enough PV modules → Low PV output
→ Low-load range of Solar Inverter is unfavourable
www.solar-inverter.comV1.138
Where is the Ideal Solar Inverter Operating Point?
Maximum efficiency range
Solar Inverter should be operated in upper MPP voltage range
www.solar-inverter.comV1.139
Why the upper MPP voltage range?
A higher DC voltage from the PV modules leads to lower currents and helps to reduce the cross section of solar cables
Higher efficiency of Delta Solar Inverters
The Solar Inverter’s shutdown threshold (lower limit of DC voltage) will not be reached if the module temperature rises
www.solar-inverter.comV1.140
Calculation with module characteristic data
PNom = 173W Module characteristics acc. to STC conditions
UMPP = 26.4V Ambient temperature 25°C
IMPP = 6.55A Irradiation E = 1000 W/m²
UOC = 34.1V AM (Airmass) 1.5
ISC = 7.29A
Power coefficient -0.40% / °C -0.692W/°C
Voltage coefficient -0.36% / °C -0.123V / °C with no-load operation, per module
-0.095V / °C at MPP, per module
Current coefficient +0.03% / °C +0.0022A / °C with short circuit, per module
+0.0020A / °C at MPP, per module
Calculation
www.solar-inverter.comV1.141
Max. voltage on Solar Inverter
UOC=34.1V UOC_total=34.1V x 10=341V
Max. possible voltage on Solar Inverter at -20°C?
Voltage coefficient for 1 module = -0.123V/°C
Voltage coefficient for 10 modules = -1.230V/°C
Temperature difference between +25°C and -20°C = -45°C
-1.230V/°C x -45°C= 55.3V voltage difference at -20°C
At -20°C, the OC voltage will increase by 55.3V.
UOC @ -20°C = 341V + 55.3V = 396.3V
DC
AC
1
2.....
10
20 modules
1
2.....
10
Inverter
Calculation
www.solar-inverter.comV1.142
Min. possible voltage on Solar Inverter at module temperature of +70°C?
At +70°C, the MPP voltage decreases by 43V to 221V.
The max. OC voltage of this system is 396V.
The min. operating voltage of our system is 221V.
With 2 parallel strings, the current is 2 x IMPP = 2 x 6.55A = 13.1A
In total, there are 20 modules.
PDC Nom = 20 modules x 173W = 3460W
According to the data sheet, our SI 3300 would be right at home here.
MPP operating range 150V...470V, rated current 13A, rated power 3630 W
Calculation
www.solar-inverter.comV1.143
Unfavourable Module Configuration
One string with 6 modules in series UOC = 204V
3 strings in parallel IMPP = 20A
PDC Nom = 18 modules x 173W = 3112W
UOC @ -20°C = 237V max. voltage
UMPP @ +70°C = 133V min. voltage
DC
AC
1
2.....
6
18 modules
Inverter
Calculation
www.solar-inverter.comV1.144
Most unfavourable power condition at a module temperature of +70°C
Power coefficient: -0.40%/°C per module -0.692 W/°C
Module power 173Wp
Temperature difference between +25°C and +70°C = 45°C
P70°C = -0.692W / °C x 45°C = -31.14W
At a module temperature of 70°C, we have power losses of 31 W per module.
Each module supplies 142W only - instead of its rated output power of 173W.
This means that the whole system with its 20 modules can only supply 2840W instead of 3460W.
Calculation
www.solar-inverter.comV1.145
Reduced Output due to Contamination
Reasons for reducedpower
www.solar-inverter.comV1.146
Reduced Output Power due to Shading
1 2 18 19 20 36
Module with 36 cells
approx. 21V
Bypass diode
Reasons for reducedpower
www.solar-inverter.comV1.147
Reasons for reducedpower
Reduced Output Power due to Shading
www.solar-inverter.comV1.148
Reasons for reducedpower
Reduced Output Power due to Shading
www.solar-inverter.comV1.149
Reasons for reducedpower
Reduced Output Power due to Shading
www.solar-inverter.comV1.150
Reduction Reasons caused from DC Side
Reasons for reducedpower
DC line cross section and length → Cable losses
Temperature of the modules → PV voltage drops
→ Reduced output power
Insulation fault → Solar Inverter disconnected from grid
www.solar-inverter.comV1.151
Reduction Reasons caused from AC Side
Reasons for reducedpower
Cross section and length of AC line → Impedance problem
→ Overvoltage trip
Failure scenario: Inverter frequently disconnected from grid
AC over/under-voltage on Solar Inverter
Grid stability from electric utility (voltage and frequency limits)
www.solar-inverter.comV1.152
Reduced Output Power caused by Solar Inverter
Reasons for reducedpower
Internal fault, component defects → Display: ”Error 301” or ”Relay Error”
Shutdowns (temperature sensor limit, insulation fault, overvoltage or undervoltage)
Solar Inverter’s location, e.g. direct sunlight → Derating
www.solar-inverter.comV1.153
Installation Failures
Reasons for reducedpower
www.solar-inverter.comV1.154
Reasons for reducedpower
Installation Failures
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
Good Installation
www.solar-inverter.comV1.156
Conclusion
Reduced output power caused due to
- PV system dimensioning
- Solar Inverter dimensioning
- Series and parallel connection of PV modules
- Dirty PV modules
- Shaded cells
- DC side
- AC side
- Solar Inverter
- Utility requirements
Reasons for reducedpower
www.solar-inverter.comV1.157
LEDs and Display
www.solar-inverter.comV1.158
LED (A), green: Operation
LED (B), red: Earth Fault
LED (C), yellow: Failure
LEDs for Operating Mode and Trouble Indication
LEDs and Display
www.solar-inverter.comV1.159
Display
Button (A), ESC: For quitting each sub-menu and returning to the main menu.
Buttons (B) and (C): For displaying the data in the sub-menu and changing settings in the setup menu.
Button (D), ENTER: – For confirming entries– For resetting error messages– For activating the display
lighting
LEDs and Display
www.solar-inverter.comV1.160
Seven Different Menus
Menus D, W, M, Y, and T can be used for evaluating the daily, weekly, monthly, annual and total output statistics.
Here, you can read out the
Output power in kWh
Feed-in remuneration in AUD
Operating duration of the Solar Inverter in respect of the relevant period (day, week, month, year, total)
LEDs and Display
www.solar-inverter.comV1.161
Menu S - Setup Menu
Here, you can change the following settings:
LCD display contrast
Backlight ”on” or ”auto”
Select Start Menu
Assign ID numbers for each Solar Inverter
Choose ISO / GND settings
Country settings(Parameter)
Setting of actual time and date– Please don`t forget to set to current values after installation
Setting of feed-in remuneration in AUD/kWh
Firmware level
LEDs and Display
www.solar-inverter.comV1.162
Menu N – Now (Delivery Status)
Display:
Current AC output power
Current AC output voltage
Current AC output current
Current AC mains frequency
Current DC - PV cell voltage
Current DC - PV cell current
Current time and date
LEDs and Display
www.solar-inverter.comV1.163
First Use - Operating States
Input voltage on Solar Inverter < 100 V No function, all LEDs ”Off”
Input voltage on Solar Inverter approx. 120 V Initialisation, all 3 LEDs ”On”
Input voltage on Solar Inverter > 150 V Green LED flashes
Display message: ”Synchronize to AC”
Checking of grid voltage, grid frequency, insulation resistance on DC side and varistor function.
After 1 Minute, the Solar Inverter switches to standard grid input mode. Inverter output connects to AC grid.
The green LED lights up continuously.
LEDs and Display
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
Service Software
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
Servicesoftware
Fast check of the Plant Fast Troubleshooting Fast Upgrade Read out the Log File
SOLIVIA
www.solar-inverter.comV1.166
Fault Analysis
www.solar-inverter.comV1.167
Display Messages and Explanations
Fault Analysis
www.solar-inverter.comV1.168
Fault Analysis
Display Messages and Explanations
www.solar-inverter.comV1.169
Fault Analysis
Display Messages and Explanations
www.solar-inverter.comV1.170
Installation
www.solar-inverter.comV1.171
Installation Requirements
Mounting:
SOLIVIA 2.5, 3.0, 3.3, 5.0
A mounting plate is delivered together with the Solar Inverter
For wall mounting, please use suitable screws
Hook-in Solar Inverter to the mounting plate and tighten the 2 locking screws
www.solar-inverter.comV1.172
Installation Location
Please do no install on a combustible surface (otherwise: risk of fire)
Can be installed inside or in a protected outdoor area
Higher ambient temperature will reduce output power
Please respect the distances around the inverter for air circulation
www.solar-inverter.comV1.173
(1) Connections for solar modules
(2) Grid connection
(3) Interface connection RS485 (EIA485)
(4) Display for status messages and keypad for operation
(5) Light-emitting diodes for operational status display
SOLIVIA
Connections
(5)
(4)
(1) (2) (3)
www.solar-inverter.comV1.174
Electrical connections are realized using plug-in contacts.
For connection purposes, it is not necessary to open the Solar Inverter!
DC connection (MC4)
AC connection
Close DC isolator
Close circuit breaker on AC side
SI 3300, 2500
DC and AC Connections
SOLIVIA
www.solar-inverter.comV1.175
Use Wieland RST25i3S AC connector (included in packaging box)
Turn-off AC grid and disconnect prior to installation work
Cable cross section: min. 2.5 mm² - max. 4.0 mm².
When using rigid cables: First, please bend and cut to required length. Then strip the insulation!
Connect a Circuit Breaker with rated current of 25 A (type B tripping characteristic) between Solar Inverter and AC grid.
SOLIVIA
AC Connection
Check this!
www.solar-inverter.comV1.176
References
www.solar-inverter.comV1.177
Reference Installation Taiwan - 1MW
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
Installations Germany
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
Installations Germany
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
Installations Czech Republic
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
Installations Italy
www.solar-inverter.comV1.1
Installations Spain
www.solar-inverter.comV1.183
Own PV installation Delta Teningen - Germany
Installation Information:
Address: Delta Energy Systems (Germany) GmbH Tscheulinstr. 2179331 TeningenGermany
Total kW: 46 (6kW + 40kW)
Quantity and type of inverters:12 x SI 3300
3 x SI 3300
Quantity and type of modules:175 pcs of Tenesol TE2200/230W 30 pcs of Tenesol Tenesa
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Thank you for your attention!