Sokongan Dan Gerakan

1. PMR 2005Which of the pairs is correct about the animal and its type of skeleton?Antara padanan berikut,yang manakah betul tentang haiwan dan jenis rangkanya?

AnimalHaiwan

Type of skeletonJenis rangka

A. LizardCicak

ExoskeletonRangka luar

B. WhalePaus

Hydrostatic skeletonRangka hidrostatik

C. CaterpillarBeluncas

EndoskeletonRangka dalam

D. Prawnudang


2. PMR 2006Diagram shows the classification of a supporrting system in animals.Rajah menunjukkan pengelasan sistem sokongan dalam haiwan.

Which of the following examples can represent an animal in group P?A. B.

C. D.

3. PMR 2007Diagram shows a support system of an insect.Rajah menunjukkan sistem sokongan bagi seekor serangga.

Which support the insect’s body?Apakah yang menyokong badan serangga itu?A. Exoskeleton

Rangka luarB. Endoskeloton

Rangka dalamC. Segmented abdomen

Abdomen bersegmentD. Hydrostatic skeleton

Rangka hidrostatik

4. PMR 2011Diagram shows a classification of animalsRajah menunjukkan pengkelasan haiwan

What are the types of support system for these animals?Apakah jenis sistem sokongan bagi haiwan-haiwan ini?

CrocodileBuaya

GrasshopperBelalang

EarthwormCacing tanah

A. ExoskeletonRangka luar



B. EndoskeletonRangka dalam



C. Hydrostatic skeletonRangka hidrostatik



D. EndoskeletonRangka dalam



5. PMR 2008Diagram shows the condition of a non-woody plant.Rajah menunjukkan rajah suatu tumbuhan tidak berkayu.

The plant wilts because of insufficientTumbuhan layu kerana tidak cukupA. Carkon dioxide / karbon dioksidaB. Light / cahayaC. Fertilizer / bajaD. Water / air

6. PMR 2009Diagram shows two types of plant support system, X and Y.Rajah menunjukkan dua jenis sistem sokongan tumbuhan X dan Y.

Which pair shows the correct charecteristics?Pasangan manakah menunjukkan ciri-ciri yang betul?

X YA. Thorny leaves

Daun berduriHave tendrilsMempunyai sulur paut

B. Clasping rootsAkar cengkam

Thorny leavesDaun berduri

C. Thorny leavesDaun berduri

Clasping rootsAkar cengkam

D. Have tendrilsMempunyai sulur paut

Prop rootsAkar sokongan

7. PMR 2010Which plant is correctly matched to its support system?Tumbuhan manakah yang dipadankan dengan betul kepada sistem sokongannya?

PlantTumbuhan

Support systemSistem sokongan

A. TendrilsSulur paut

B. Hollow stemBatang berongga

C. Buttress rootAkar sokong banir

D. Clasping rootAkar cengkam

8. MRSM 2012Diagram shows the classification of animals.Rajah menunjukkan pengkelasan haiwan.

Which animal is the example of P?Haiwan manakah merupakan contoh P?A. C.

B. D.

9. N.SEMBILAN 2012Diagram shows an insect.Rajah menunjukkan seekor serangga.

What animal has the same support system as the insect?Haiwan manakah mempunyai jenis sistem sokongan yang sama seperti serangga tersebut?A. Fish / ikanB. Spider / labah-labahC. Caterpillar / beluncasD. Frog / katak

10. KEDAH 2012Diagram shows two animals X and Y.Rajah menunjukkan dua haiwan X dan Y.

X Y

Which of the following is true about their support system?Antara berikut, yang manakah benar tentang sistem sokongan mereka?

X Y

A.EndoskeletonRangka dalam


B.ExoskeletonRangka luar


C.Hydroskeleton

Rangka hidrostatikExoskeletonRangka luar

D.EndoskeletonRangka dalam

HydroskeletonRangka hidrostatik

11. SBP 2012Diagram shows a plant known as Elodea that is commonly found in Malaysian rivers.Rajah menunjukkan sebatang pokok dikenali sebagai Elodea yang banyak dijumpai di dalam sungai di Malaysia.

What is the support system found in this plant?Apakah sistem sokongan yang dijumpai pada pokok ini?A. Woody tissue

Tisu berkayuB. Clasping roots

Akar cengkamC. Turgiditty of cell

Kesegahan selD. Water buoyancy

daya keapungan air

12. SBP 2012Why does invertebrate animal such as cockroaches shed its cuticle during growth?Mengapakkah haiwan tanpa tulang belakang seperti lipas menanggalkan kutikelnya semasa proses pertumbuhan?A. Cuticle limits the growth of the body.

Kutikel menghadkan pertumbuhan badan.B. Cuticle shed to remove substances that are not needed.

Kutikel ditanggalkan untuk menyingkir bahan yang tidak diperlukan.C. Cuticle collapses and does not give support anymore.

Kutikel memecah dan tidak memberikan sokongan lagi.D. Cuticle cannot support the weight of invertebrates.

Kutikel tidak dapat menyokong berat haiwan tanpa tulang belakang.

1. KEDAH 2012Diagram 1.1 shows the skeleton of a whaleRajah 1.1 menunjukkan rangka seekor ikan paus.

(a) On diagram 1.1, label the position of pectorial girdle.Pada rajah 1.1, labelkan kedudukan lengkungan pektorial. [1M]

(b) (i) State the support system of the whale.Nyatakan sistem sokongan bagi ikan paus. [1M]

(ii) give one reason for your answer in (b) (i).Berikan alasan bagi jawapan anda di (b) (i). [1M]

(c) The diagram 1.2 shows two animals P and Q.Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan dua haiwan P dan Q.

P QDiagram 1.2

Rajah 1.2

State one common characteristic of animals P and Q have.Nyatakan satu ciri sepunya bagi haiwan P dan Q. [1M]

(d) Diagram 1.3 shows an experiment to study the support system in aquatic animals.Rajah 1.3 menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji sistem sokongan hidupan air.

Diagram 1.3Rajah 1.3

By using the result of the experiment, explain why vertebrates that live in water can grow longer than those in the land.Dengan menggunakan keputusan eksperimen, terangkan mengapa haiwan yang hidup di laut membesar lebih daripada haiwan yang hidup di darat. [2M]

2. MRSM 2012(a) Diagram 2.1 shows two types of plants with their additional supporrt system.

Rajah 2.1 mennunjukkan dua jenis tumbuhan dengan sistem sokongan tambahannya.


State the type of additional support system of the plantsNyatakan jenis sistem sokongan tambahan bagi pokok(i) Mangrove tree / pokok paya bakau :..........................................................

(ii) Cucumber plant / pokok timun : ..............................................................[2M]

(b) Diagram 2.2 shows the condition of a balsam plant after a few days.Rajah 2.2 menunjukkan keadaan pokok keembung selepas beberapa hari.


(i) What will happen to the balsam plant when water is added into the beaker and left for two hours?Apakah yang akan berlaku kepada pokok keembung apabila air ditambah ke dalam bikar dan dibiarkan selama dua jam? [1M]

(ii) Give one reason for the answer in 5(b)(i).Beri satu alasan bagi jawapan dalam 5(b)(i). [1M]

(c) Diagram 2.3 shows an apparatus set-up to syudy the role of the water in supporting aquatic vertebrate animal.Rajah 2.3 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk mengkaji peranan aiar bagi menyokong haiwan vertebrata akuatik.

P QDiagram 5.3

Rajah 5.3

(i) Why does there is a difference of weight in fish model P and Q?Mengapakah terdapat perbezaan berat model ikan di P dan Q? [1M]

(ii) Explain the answer in 5(c)(i).Terangkan jawapan di 5(c)(i). [1M]

(iii) Why does the whale die if stranded in the swallow water?Mengapakah ikan paus mati sekiranya terdampar di air cetek? [1M]

3. KELANTAN 2012Diagram shows two fresh aquatic plants are placed intwo beakers P and Q.Rajah menunjukkan dua tumbuhan akuatik yang segar diletakkan ke dalam dua bikar P dan Q.

Beaker P without water Beaker Q with waterBikar P tanpa air Bikar Q dengan air

Diagram 3.1 / Rajah 3.1

(a) Base on diagram 3.1:Berdasarkan rajah 3.1:(i) State the differences between aquatic plant P and Q.

Nyatakan perbezaan di antara tumbuhan P dan Q. [1M]

(ii) State the function of water in beaker Q.Nyatakan fungsi air dalam bikar Q. [1M]

(b) Diagram shows the cross section of a stem an aquatic plantRajah menunjukkan keratan rentas batang suatu tumbuhan akuatik.

Weight of fish model in P = 8 NBerat model ikan di P

Weight of fish model in Q =4 NBerat model ikan di Q

Diagram 3.2 / Rajah 3.2

(i) Base on diagram 3.2, name the structure T.Berdasarkan rajah 3.2, namakan struktur T. [1M]

(ii) What will happen to these plants if structures T are absent.Terangkan apakah yang akan berlaku jika struktur T tidak wujud pada tumbuhan akuatik. [1M]

(iii) Name one aquatic plant that has the same structure as above.Namakan satu tumbuhan akuatik yang mempunyai struktur yang sama seperti di atas.

[1M]

(c) Name support system in Diagram 3.3:Namakan sistem sokongan dalam Rajah 3.3

Plant / Tumbuhan Support system / Sistem sokongan

(i)

.................................................................

(ii)

...................................................................

[2M]

(d) Rattan tree has thorn and climb up tree. Beside getting support, state other reason why rattan tree climb higher tree.Pokok rotan yang mempunyai duri memanjat pokok lain. Selain dari mendapat sokongan nyatakan sebab lain mengapa pokok rotan memanjat tinggi . [1M]

4. SBP 2012a) Diagram 7.1 shows four vertebrate animals with different support systems.

Rajah 7.1 menunjukkan empat haiwan bertulang belakang dengan sistem sokongan yang berbeza.

T

Elephant Whale Gajah Ikan Paus

Horse Frog

Kuda KatakDiagram 7.1

Rajah 7.1

i) In Table 7.1, state your observation of the type of the following vertebrate animals.Dalam Jadual 7.1, nyatakan pemerhatian anda ke atas jenis haiwan bertulang belakang berikut.

AnimalHaiwan

Type of vertebrate animalsJenis haiwan bertulang belakang

HorseKuda

WhaleIkan paus

Table 7.1Jadual 7.1

[2 M]

ii) In table 7.2, classify all the animals in Diagram 7.1 according to their support systems.Dalam Jadual 7.2, kelaskan semua haiwan dalam Rajah 7.1 berdasarkan sistem sokongan mereka.

Support systemSistem sokongan

Name of animalsNama haiwan

EndoskeletonRangka dalamWater buoyancyKeapungan air

Table 7.2Jadual 7.2

[2M]

b) Diagram 7.2 (a) shows a thorn found in plant A and Diagram 7.2 (b) shows a prickle found in plant B. Rajah 7.2 (a) menunjukkan duri pada pokok A dan Rajah 7.2 (b) menunjukkan duripada pokok B.

Plant A Plant B Tumbuhan A Tumbuhan B

Diagram 7.2 (a) Diagram 7.2 (b)Rajah 7.2 (a) Rajah 7.2 (b)

i) In Table 7.3, state one difference between the thorns of plant A and prickles of plant B. Give their example.Dalam Jadual 7.3, nyatakan satu perbezaan di antara duri pokok A dan duripokok B. Berikan contoh.

Thorns of plant ADuri pokok A

Prickles of plant BDuri pokok B

DifferencePerbezaanExampleContoh

Table 7.3Jadual 7.3

[2M]

c) Diagram 7.3 shows a fresh balsam plant that put into a beaker and exposed to the sun. After one hour, the stems and leaves of the balsam plant had wilted. The balsam plant become firm again after some water added into the beaker. Rajah 7.3 menunjukkan pokok keembung yang segar diletakkan di dalam satu bikar dan didedahkan kepada matahari. Selepas satu jam, batang dan daun pokok keembung tersebut layu. Pokok keembung kembali segah apabila air ditambah ke dalam bikar tersebut.

ThornDuri

Prickle Duri


i) Give one inference of the above balsam plant. Berikan satu inferens mengenai pokok keembung di atas. [1M]

ii) Predict what will happen to the balsam plant in Diagram 7.3 if all water evaporated after 3 hours. Ramalkan apakah yang akan berlaku ke atas pokok keembung dalam Rajah 7.3 jika semua air telah tersejat selepas 3 jam. [1M]

ANSWERS SCHEME

1. D 2. B

3. A 4. B

5. D 6. D

7. A 8. B

9. B 10. A

11. D 12. A

After 1hour

Selepas 1 jam

After 2 hours(water was

added)Selepas 2 jam(air ditambah)

WaterAir

1 a

b-i -ii

Water buoyancyThe whale has small endoskeleton that does not much support to its body weight.

c Both animals have endoskeletond The skeleton of animal does not have to support the whole weight of the

animal because the upthrust of water does.

2 a-i -ii

Buttress rootsTendrils

b-i -ii

Plant become firm againWater give tugor pressure support in plant.

c-i Fish in model Q is immersed in water while fish in model P is notFish in model Q is light because it support by water buoyancy.Because the skeleton of whale does not have to support the whole weight of the whale

3 a-i -ii

Plant in beaker Q buoyant compared than plant in beaker PWater give buoyancy support to plant

b-i -ii -iii

Air sacsWater cannot buoyant in waterWater lily

c-i -ii

TendrilsThorns

d To get sunlight

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Sokongan Dan Gerakan