Soil Survey of Gadsden County, Florida - USDA

United States Department of Agriculture

NaturalResourcesConservationService

In cooperation with the University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Agricultural Experiment Stations, and Soil and Water Science Department

Soil Survey of Gadsden County, Florida

Detailed Soil Maps

The detailed soil maps can be useful in planning the use and management of small areas.

To find information about your area of interest, locate that area on the Index to Map Sheets. Note the number of the map sheet and turn to that sheet.

Locate your area of interest on the map sheet. Note the map unit symbols that are in that area. Turn to the Contents, which lists the map units by symbol and name and shows the page where each map unit is described.

The Contents shows which table has data on a specific land use for each detailed soil map unit. Also see the Contents for sections of this publication that may address your specific needs.

i

How To Use This Soil Survey

Additional information about the Nations natural resources is available online from the Natural Resources Conservation Service at http://www.nrcs.usda.gov.

ii

National Cooperative Soil SurveyThis soil survey is a publication of the National Cooperative Soil Survey, a joint

effort of the United States Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State agencies including the Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local agencies. The Natural Resources Conservation Service (formerly the Soil Conservation Service) has leadership for the Federal part of the National Cooperative Soil Survey.

Major fieldwork for this soil survey was completed from 2004 to 2006. Soil names and descriptions were approved in 2006. Unless otherwise indicated, statements in this publication refer to conditions in the survey area in 2006. This survey was made cooperatively by the Natural Resources Conservation Service and the University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Agricultural Experiment Stations, and Soil and Water Science Department. It is part of the technical assistance furnished to the Gadsden Soil and Water Conservation District.

The most current official data are available at http://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/app/.Soil maps in this survey may be copied without permission. Enlargement of these

maps, however, could cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping. If enlarged, maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a larger scale.

Nondiscrimination StatementThe U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its

programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a part of an individuals income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDAs TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

CitationThe correct citation for this survey is as follows:

United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2007. Soil Survey of Gadsden County, Florida. Revised 2009. http://soils.usda.gov/survey/printed_surveys/

Cover CaptionThe Gadsden County courthouse. Urban land-Orangeburg-Norfolk complex, 2 to 5

percent slopes, is the dominant map unit in urban areas of the county. Orangeburg and Norfolk soils are well suited to building site development.

http://www.nrcs.usda.govhttp://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/app/http://soils.usda.gov/survey/printed_surveys/http://soils.usda.gov/survey/printed_surveys/

iii

ContentsHow To Use This Soil Survey ...................................................................................... iForeword ..................................................................................................................... viiGeneral Nature of the County.........................................................................................1

Climate .......................................................................................................................1Transportation ............................................................................................................3Recreation ..................................................................................................................3

How This Survey Was Made ..........................................................................................3Detailed Soil Map Units ................................................................................................5

2Albany-Blanton complex, 0 to 5 percent slopes ...................................................63Albany-Ousley-Pelham complex, 0 to 5 percent slopes, occasionally flooded .....75Blanton sand, 0 to 5 percent slopes .....................................................................86Blanton sand, 5 to 8 percent slopes .....................................................................99Bonifay-Alpin complex, 0 to 5 percent slopes .....................................................1010Bonifay-Albany-Centenary complex, 0 to 5 percent slopes ..............................1011Troup-Bonifay-Fuquay complex, 8 to 15 percent slopes ..................................1212Bonneau-Leefield-Norfolk complex, 0 to 5 percent slopes ...............................1314Cowarts-Dothan-Fuquay complex, 5 to 8 percent slopes .................................1416Cowarts-Nankin complex, 8 to 15 percent slopes ............................................1618Dothan-Fuquay complex, 0 to 2 percent slopes ...............................................1719Dothan-Fuquay complex, 2 to 5 percent slopes ...............................................1821Dothan-Fuquay-Cowarts complex, 8 to 15 percent slopes ...............................1923Fuquay-Lucy-Orangeburg complex, 0 to 5 percent slopes ...............................2024Fuquay-Bonifay complex, 5 to 15 percent slopes .............................................2227Goldsboro loamy fine sand, 0 to 2 percent slopes ...........................................2328Goldsboro loamy fine sand, 2 to 5 percent slopes ...........................................2329Grady fine sandy loam, depressional ...............................................................2430Lakeland sand, 0 to 5 percent slopes ...............................................................2431Lakeland sand, 5 to 15 percent slopes .............................................................2532Leefield-Bonifay-Dothan complex, 0 to 5 percent slopes .................................2533Leon-Chipley complex ......................................................................................2735Lucy-Troup complex, 8 to 15 percent slopes ....................................................2836Lucy-Orangeburg-Cowarts complex, 15 to 45 percent slopes .........................2940Cowarts-Dothan-Fuquay complex, 15 to 60 percent slopes .............................3041Norfolk loamy fine sand, 0 to 2 percent slopes .................................................3142Norfolk loamy fine sand, 2 to 5 percent slopes .................................................3243Ocilla sand, 0 to 5 percent slopes ....................................................................3345Orangeburg loamy sand, 0 to 2 percent slopes ................................................3346Orangeburg loamy sand, 2 to 5 percent slopes ................................................3447Orangeburg-Norfolk-Tifton complex, 5 to 8 percent slopes ..............................3448Fuquay-Orangeburg-Norfolk complex, 8 to 15 percent slopes .........................3649Orangeburg-Norfolk complex, 2 to 5 percent slopes ........................................3751Plummer sand, 0 to 5 percent slopes ...............................................................3852Rains fine sandy loam ......................................................................................3858Tifton loamy fine sand, 2 to 5 percent slopes ...................................................39


iv

59Troup-Lakeland-Lucy complex, 2 to 8 percent slopes ......................................4060Troup sand, 8 to 15 percent slopes ..................................................................4161Troup-Nankin complex, 5 to 8 percent slopes ..................................................4163Troup-Nankin complex, 15 to 45 percent slopes ..............................................4265Udorthents, reclaimed ......................................................................................4366Pickney, Dorovan, and Bibb soils, frequently flooded .......................................4369Lucy-Bonifay-Orangeburg complex, 5 to 8 percent slopes ...............................4571Cowarts-Nankin complex, 2 to 5 percent slopes ..............................................4672Goldsboro-Ocilla complex, 5 to 8 percent slopes .............................................4773Norfolk loamy fine sand, 5 to 8 percent slopes .................................................4877Bonifay-Fuquay complex, 0 to 5 percent slopes ...............................................4878Chipley, Leon, and Foxworth soils, 0 to 5 percent slopes ................................4979Hurricane and Chipley soils, 0 to 3 percent slopes ..........................................5180Foxworth-Lakeland complex, 0 to 5 percent slopes .........................................5282Chipley-Foxworth complex, 0 to 5 percent slopes ............................................5283Foxworth-Lakeland complex, 5 to 15 percent slopes .......................................5385Bonifay-Leon-Chipley complex, 0 to 5 percent slopes .....................................5486Leon, Clara, and Pickney soils, commonly flooded ..........................................5587Ousley, Rutlege, and Pickney soils, commonly flooded ...................................... 5788Rutlege, Bibb, and Surrency soils, frequently flooded ......................................5889Bibb-Rains-Garcon complex, occasionally flooded ..........................................5990Hosford and Plummer mucky sands, 2 to 12 percent slopes ...........................6191Pits ....................................................................................................................6192Telogia sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes .......................................................6293Foxworth-Blanton-Chipley complex, 0 to 5 percent slopes ..............................6294Albany-Garcon-Bibb complex, 0 to 5 percent slopes, occasionally flooded .....6496Pelham sand, 0 to 5 percent slopes .................................................................6597Eunola, Garcon, and Ousley soils, occasionally flooded ..................................6698Rutlege and Plummer soils, depressional ........................................................6799Water ................................................................................................................68101Albany-Ocilla-Chipley complex, 0 to 5 percent slopes ...................................68104Urban land-Orangeburg-Norfolk complex, 2 to 5 percent slopes ...................70105Urban land-Orangeburg-Norfolk complex, 5 to 8 percent slopes ...................71106Plummer-Leon-Sapelo complex .....................................................................72107Fuquay-Bonifay complex, 0 to 5 percent slopes .............................................73108Troup-Lakeland complex, 15 to 45 percent slopes .........................................74109Dothan-Cowarts-Fuquay complex, 15 to 60 percent slopes ...........................75113Leefield fine sand, 0 to 5 percent slopes ........................................................76115Faceville loamy fine sand, 2 to 5 percent slopes ............................................77116Faceville loamy fine sand, 5 to 8 percent slopes ............................................78117Cowarts-Hosford complex, 8 to 45 percent slopes .........................................78118Cowarts-Nankin complex, 15 to 45 percent slopes ........................................79119Wahee and Ochlockonee soils, 0 to 3 percent slopes, occasionally

flooded ...............................................................................................................80120Hardin Heights-Telogia complex, 5 to 45 percent slopes ...............................81

Use and Management of the Soils ............................................................................85Interpretive Ratings ..................................................................................................85

Rating Class Terms ..............................................................................................85Numerical Ratings ...............................................................................................85

Crops and Pasture ...................................................................................................86Yields per Acre .....................................................................................................87Land Capability Classification ..............................................................................88

Ecological Communities ...........................................................................................89Prime Farmland ........................................................................................................93


v

Agricultural Waste Management ..............................................................................94Forestland Productivity and Management ................................................................97

Forestland Productivity ........................................................................................98Forestland Management ......................................................................................99

Recreational Development .....................................................................................101Wildlife Habitat .......................................................................................................102Hydric Soils ............................................................................................................104Engineering ............................................................................................................105

Building Site Development .................................................................................106Sanitary Facilities ...............................................................................................108Construction Materials .......................................................................................110Water Management ........................................................................................... 111

Soil Properties ..........................................................................................................113Engineering Soil Properties ....................................................................................113Physical Soil Properties .........................................................................................114Chemical Soil Properties ........................................................................................116Soil Features ..........................................................................................................116Water Features .......................................................................................................117

Classification of the Soils ........................................................................................119Soil Series and Their Morphology ..............................................................................119

Albany Series .........................................................................................................120Alpin Series ............................................................................................................121Bibb Series .............................................................................................................122Blanton Series ........................................................................................................123Bonifay Series ........................................................................................................124Bonneau Series ......................................................................................................125Centenary Series ...................................................................................................127Chipley Series ........................................................................................................128Clara Series ...........................................................................................................129Cowarts Series .......................................................................................................130Dorovan Series ......................................................................................................131Dothan Series ........................................................................................................132Eunola Series .........................................................................................................133Faceville Series ......................................................................................................134Foxworth Series .....................................................................................................136Fuquay Series ........................................................................................................137Garcon Series ........................................................................................................138Goldsboro Series ...................................................................................................139Grady Series ..........................................................................................................140Hardin Heights Series ............................................................................................141Hosford Series .......................................................................................................142Hurricane Series ....................................................................................................143Lakeland Series .....................................................................................................144Leefield Series .......................................................................................................145Leon Series ............................................................................................................146Lucy Series ............................................................................................................147Nankin Series .........................................................................................................148Norfolk Series .........................................................................................................150Ochlockonee Series ...............................................................................................151Ocilla Series ...........................................................................................................152Orangeburg Series .................................................................................................153Ousley Series .........................................................................................................154Pelham Series ........................................................................................................155Pickney Series .......................................................................................................156


vi

Plummer Series ......................................................................................................157Rains Series ...........................................................................................................158Rutlege Series ........................................................................................................159Sapelo Series .........................................................................................................159Surrency Series ......................................................................................................161Telogia Series .........................................................................................................162Tifton Series ...........................................................................................................163Troup Series ...........................................................................................................165Wahee Series .........................................................................................................166

Formation of the Soils ..............................................................................................169Factors of Soil Formation .......................................................................................169Processes of Soil Formation ..................................................................................170Geology ..................................................................................................................170

Geomorphology ................................................................................................171Stratigraphy ......................................................................................................173Ground Water ...................................................................................................178Mineral Resources ............................................................................................180

References ................................................................................................................185Glossary ....................................................................................................................191Tables .......................................................................................................................207

Table 1.Temperature and Precipitation ..............................................................208Table 2.Freeze Dates in Spring and Fall ...........................................................209Table 3.Growing Season ...................................................................................210Table 4.Acreage and Proportionate Extent of the Soils .....................................211Table 5.Land Capability and Yields per Acre of Crops and Pasture ..................213Table 6a.Agricultural Waste Management (Part 1) ............................................219Table 6b.Agricultural Waste Management (Part 2) ............................................243Table 6c.Agricultural Waste Management (Part 3) ............................................271Table 7.Forestland Productivity .........................................................................298Table 8a.Forestland Management (Part 1) ........................................................315Table 8b.Forestland Management (Part 2) ........................................................327Table 8c.Forestland Management (Part 3) ........................................................338Table 8d.Forestland Management (Part 4) ........................................................348Table 8e.Forestland Management (Part 5) ........................................................356Table 9a.Recreational Development (Part 1) .....................................................369Table 9b.Recreational Development (Part 2) .....................................................384Table 10.Wildlife Habitat ....................................................................................398Table 11a.Building Site Development (Part 1) ...................................................408Table 11b.Building Site Development (Part 2) ...................................................421Table 12a.Sanitary Facilities (Part 1) .................................................................437Table 12b.Sanitary Facilities (Part 2) .................................................................451Table 13a.Construction Materials (Part 1) .........................................................467Table 13b.Construction Materials (Part 2) .........................................................480Table 14.Water Management .............................................................................500Table 15.Engineering Soil Properties ................................................................514Table 16.Physical Soil Properties ......................................................................540Table 17.Chemical Soil Properties .....................................................................559Table 18.Soil Features .......................................................................................573Table 19.Water Features ...................................................................................580Table 20.Taxonomic Classification of the Soils ..................................................594

Issued 2007; Revised 2009

vii

Soil surveys contain information that affects land use planning in survey areas. They include predictions of soil behavior for selected land uses. The surveys highlight soil limitations, improvements needed to overcome the limitations, and the impact of selected land uses on the environment.

Soil surveys are designed for many different users. Farmers, ranchers, foresters, and agronomists can use the surveys to evaluate the potential of the soil and the management needed for maximum food and fiber production. Planners, community officials, engineers, developers, builders, and home buyers can use the surveys to plan land use, select sites for construction, and identify special practices needed to ensure proper performance. Conservationists, teachers, students, and specialists in recreation, wildlife management, waste disposal, and pollution control can use the surveys to help them understand, protect, and enhance the environment.

Various land use regulations of Federal, State, and local governments may impose special restrictions on land use or land treatment. The information in this report is intended to identify soil properties that are used in making various land use or land treatment decisions. Statements made in this report are intended to help the land users identify and reduce the effects of soil limitations on various land uses. The landowner or user is responsible for identifying and complying with existing laws and regulations.

Although soil survey information can be used for general farm, local, and wider area planning, onsite investigation is needed to supplement this information in some cases. Examples include soil quality assessments (http://soils.usda.gov/sqi/) and certain conservation and engineering applications. For more detailed information, contact your local USDA Service Center (http://offices.sc.egov.usda.gov/locator/app?agency=nrcs) or your NRCS State Soil Scientist (http://soils.usda.gov/contact/state_offices/).

Great differences in soil properties can occur within short distances. Some soils are seasonally wet or subject to flooding. Some are too unstable to be used as a foundation for buildings or roads. Clayey or wet soils are poorly suited to use as septic tank absorption fields. A high water table makes a soil poorly suited to basements or underground installations.

These and many other soil properties that affect land use are described in this soil survey. The location of each map unit is shown on the detailed soil maps. Each soil in the survey area is described, and information on specific uses is given. Help in using this publication and additional information are available at the local office of the Natural Resources Conservation Service or the Cooperative Extension Service.

Carlos SuarezState ConservationistNatural Resources Conservation Service

Foreword

http://soils.usda.gov/sqi/http://offices.sc.egov.usda.gov/locator/app?agency=nrcshttp://soils.usda.gov/contact/state_offices/

1

By Robert Weatherspoon and Kenneth Liudahl, Natural Resources Conservation Service Fieldwork by Robert Weatherspoon, Willie Nelson, Mikel Williams, Martin Figueroa, Eddie Cummings, David Howell, Jeff Allen, Kevin Sullivan, Frank Watts, Andrew Williams, and Alfred Jones, Natural Resources Conservation Service United States Department of Agriculture,Natural Resources Conservation Service,in cooperation withthe University of Florida,Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences,Agricultural Experiment Stations, andSoil and Water Science Department

This soil survey is a revision of the survey of Gadsden County issued in 2007. It includes expanded information and the latest data and interpretations. Earlier soil surveys of Gadsden County were published in 1903 and 1961 (Fippin and Root, 1903; Thomas, Weeks, and Hazen, 1961).

General Nature of the CountyGadsden County is in the northwestern part of Florida (fig. 1). The county is about

30 miles long and 20 miles wide. It has a land area of 325,120 acres, or about 508 square miles. It is bounded by Georgia on the north, the Ochlockonee River on the east, the Apalachicola River on the west, and Liberty County and Lake Talquin on the south. In 2006, the population of the county was 51,833 (Gadsden County Chamber of Commerce, 2005). Quincy, which is on U.S. Highway 90 about midway between Pensacola and Jacksonville, is the county seat. The county was created in 1923, a year after the territorial government of Florida was formed. Gadsden County was the fifth county designated in the state.

ClimatePrepared by the National Water and Climate Center, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Portland,

Oregon.

The climate tables were created using data from a climate station at Quincy, Florida. Thunderstorm days, relative humidity, percent sunshine, and wind information were estimated from the first order station at Tallahassee, Florida.

Table 1 gives data on temperature and precipitation for the survey area as recorded at Quincy in the period 1971 to 2000. Table 2 shows probable dates of the first freeze

Soil Survey ofGadsden County, Florida


2

in fall and the last freeze in spring. Table 3 provides data on the length of the growing season.

In winter, the average temperature is 52.9 degrees F and the average daily minimum temperature is 41.6 degrees. The lowest temperature on record, which occurred at Quincy on February 23, 1999, was 0 degrees. In summer, the average temperature is 80.1 degrees and the average daily maximum temperature is 90.2 degrees. The highest temperature, which occurred at Quincy on June 19, 1998, was 102 degrees.

Growing degree days are shown in table 1. They are equivalent to heat units. During the month, growing degree days accumulate by the amount that the average temperature each day exceeds a base temperature (50 degrees F). The normal monthly accumulation is used to schedule single or successive plantings of a crop between the last freeze in spring and the first freeze in fall.

The average annual total precipitation is about 56.66 inches. Of this, about 42.8 inches, or about 75 percent, usually falls in March through November. The growing season for most crops falls within this period. The heaviest 1-day rainfall during the period of record was 1.77 inches at Quincy on September 21, 1969. Thunderstorms occur on about 82 days each year and are most common between June and August.

The average seasonal snowfall is 0.1 inch. The greatest snow depth at any one time during the period of record was 2 inches recorded on February 10, 1973. On average,

Figure 1.Location of Gadsden County in Florida.


3

less than one day per year has at least 1 inch of snow on the ground. The heaviest 1-day snowfall on record was 2.0 inches recorded on February 10, 1973.

The average relative humidity in mid-afternoon ranges from about 45 percent in April to about 60 percent in July and August. Humidity is higher at night, and the average at dawn is about 90 percent in most months. The sun shines about 62 percent of the time possible in summer and 50 percent in winter. The prevailing wind is from the south from February to July and from the northeast in all other months. Average wind speed is highest, about 8 miles per hour, in February and March.

TransportationTransportation facilities in the county are good. According to Enterprise Florida

(2006), CXS is the main railroad, Interstate Highway 10 runs along the southern edge of the county, bus service is available, U.S. Highways 90 and 27 are the main federal highways, and State Highway 12 is the main state highway.

RecreationExcellent opportunities for fishing and boating are available at Lake Talquin and

Lake Seminole and on the Apalachicola and Ochlockonee Rivers. Quincy has a public swimming pool, a golf course, and county park facilities. The Gulf of Mexico is nearby and offers excellent saltwater fishing and recreation.

How This Survey Was MadeThis survey was made to provide information about the soils and miscellaneous

areas in the survey area. The information includes a description of the soils and miscellaneous areas and their location and a discussion of their suitability, limitations, and management for specified uses. Soil scientists observed the steepness, length, and shape of the slopes; the general pattern of drainage; the kinds of crops and native plants; and the kinds of bedrock. They dug many holes to study the soil profile, which is the sequence of natural layers, or horizons, in a soil. The profile extends from the surface down into the unconsolidated material in which the soil formed. The unconsolidated material is devoid of roots and other living organisms and has not been changed by other biological activity.

The soils and miscellaneous areas in the survey area are in an orderly pattern that is related to the geology, landforms, relief, climate, and natural vegetation of the area. Each kind of soil and miscellaneous area is associated with a particular kind of landform or with a segment of the landform. By observing the soils and miscellaneous areas in the survey area and relating their position to specific segments of the landform, a soil scientist develops a concept or model of how they were formed. Thus, during mapping, this model enables the soil scientist to predict with a considerable degree of accuracy the kind of soil or miscellaneous area at a specific location on the landscape.

Commonly, individual soils on the landscape merge into one another as their characteristics gradually change. To construct an accurate soil map, however, soil scientists must determine the boundaries between the soils. They can observe only a limited number of soil profiles. Nevertheless, these observations, supplemented by an understanding of the soil-vegetation-landscape relationship, are sufficient to verify predictions of the kinds of soil in an area and to determine the boundaries.

Soil scientists recorded the characteristics of the soil profiles that they studied. They noted soil color, texture, size and shape of soil aggregates, kind and amount of rock fragments, distribution of plant roots, reaction, and other features that enable them to identify soils. After describing the soils in the survey area and determining their properties, the soil scientists assigned the soils to taxonomic


4

classes (units). Taxonomic classes are concepts. Each taxonomic class has a set of soil characteristics with precisely defined limits. The classes are used as a basis for comparison to classify soils systematically. Soil taxonomy, the system of taxonomic classification used in the United States, is based mainly on the kind and character of soil properties and the arrangement of horizons within the profile. After the soil scientists classified and named the soils in the survey area, they compared the individual soils with similar soils in the same taxonomic class in other areas so that they could confirm data and assemble additional data based on experience and research.

While a soil survey is in progress, samples of some of the soils in the area generally are collected for laboratory analyses and for engineering tests. Soil scientists interpret the data from these analyses and tests as well as the field-observed characteristics and the soil properties to determine the expected behavior of the soils under different uses. Interpretations for all of the soils are field tested through observation of the soils in different uses and under different levels of management. Some interpretations are modified to fit local conditions, and some new interpretations are developed to meet local needs. Data are assembled from other sources, such as research information, production records, and field experience of specialists. For example, data on crop yields under defined levels of management are assembled from farm records and from field or plot experiments on the same kinds of soil.

Predictions about soil behavior are based not only on soil properties but also on such variables as climate and biological activity. Soil conditions are predictable over long periods of time, but they are not predictable from year to year. For example, soil scientists can predict with a fairly high degree of accuracy that a given soil will have a high water table within certain depths in most years, but they cannot predict that a high water table will always be at a specific level in the soil on a specific date.

After soil scientists located and identified the significant natural bodies of soil in the survey area, they drew the boundaries of these bodies on aerial photographs and identified each as a specific map unit. Aerial photographs show trees, buildings, fields, roads, and rivers, all of which help in locating boundaries accurately.

The descriptions, names, and delineations of the soils in this survey area do not fully agree with those of the soils in adjacent survey areas. Differences are the result of a better knowledge of soils, modifications in series concepts, or variations in the intensity of mapping or in the extent of the soils in the survey areas.

5

The map units delineated on the detailed soil maps in this survey represent the soils or miscellaneous areas in the survey area. The map unit descriptions in this section, along with the maps, can be used to determine the suitability and potential of a unit for specific uses. They also can be used to plan the management needed for those uses.

A map unit delineation on a soil map represents an area dominated by one or more major kinds of soil or miscellaneous areas. A map unit is identified and named according to the taxonomic classification of the dominant soils. Within a taxonomic class there are precisely defined limits for the properties of the soils. On the landscape, however, the soils are natural phenomena, and they have the characteristic variability of all natural phenomena. Thus, the range of some observed properties may extend beyond the limits defined for a taxonomic class. Areas of soils of a single taxonomic class rarely, if ever, can be mapped without including areas of other taxonomic classes. Consequently, every map unit is made up of the soils or miscellaneous areas for which it is named and some minor components that belong to taxonomic classes other than those of the major soils.

Most minor soils have properties similar to those of the dominant soil or soils in the map unit, and thus they do not affect use and management. These are called non contrasting, or similar, components. They may or may not be mentioned in a particular map unit description. Other minor components, however, have properties and behavioral characteristics divergent enough to affect use or to require different management. These are called contrasting, or dissimilar, components. They generally are in small areas and could not be mapped separately because of the scale used. Some small areas of strongly contrasting soils or miscellaneous areas are identified by a special symbol on the maps. The contrasting components are mentioned in the map unit descriptions. A few areas of minor components may not have been observed, and consequently they are not mentioned in the descriptions, especially where the pattern was so complex that it was impractical to make enough observations to identify all the soils and miscellaneous areas on the landscape.

The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The objective of mapping is not to delineate pure taxonomic classes but rather to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. The delineation of such segments on the map provides sufficient information for the development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, however, onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas.

An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name in the map unit descriptions. Each description includes general facts about the unit and gives the principal hazards and limitations to be considered in planning for specific uses.

Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make up a soil series. Except for differences in texture of the surface layer, all the soils of a series have major horizons that are similar in composition, thickness, and arrangement.

Soils of one series can differ in texture of the surface layer, slope, stoniness, salinity, degree of erosion, and other characteristics that affect their use. On the basis of such differences, a soil series is divided into soil phases. Most of the areas shown on the

Detailed Soil Map Units


6

detailed soil maps are phases of soil series. The name of a soil phase commonly indicates a feature that affects use or management. For example, Blanton sand, 0 to 5 percent slopes, is a phase of the Blanton series.

Some map units are made up of two or more major soils or miscellaneous areas. These map units are complexes or undifferentiated groups.

A complex consists of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas in such an intricate pattern or in such small areas that they cannot be shown separately on the maps. The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar in all areas. Bonifay-Albany-Centenary complex, 0 to 5 percent slopes, is an example.

An undifferentiated group is made up of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas that could be mapped individually but are mapped as one unit because similar interpretations can be made for use and management. The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas in a mapped area are not uniform. An area can be made up of only one of the major soils or miscellaneous areas, or it can be made up of all of them. Rutlege and Plummer soils, depressional, is an undifferentiated group in this survey area.

This survey includes miscellaneous areas. Such areas have little or no soil material and support little or no vegetation. Pits is an example.

Table 4 gives the acreage and proportionate extent of each map unit. Other tables give properties of the soils and the limitations, capabilities, and potentials for many uses. The Glossary defines many of the terms used in describing the soils or miscellaneous areas.

2Albany-Blanton complex, 0 to 5 percent slopesMap Unit Composition

Major componentsAlbany and similar soils: 50 percentBlanton and similar soils: 38 percent

Contrasting inclusionsBonneau soils: 5 percentChipley soils: 4 percentFoxworth soils: 3 percent

Component DescriptionsAlbanyLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: KnollsParent material: Sandy and loamy marine or fluviomarine depositsSlope: 0 to 5 percentDrainage class: Somewhat poorly drainedPermeability: Moderately slowAvailable water capacity: Very lowShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 12 to 30 inches from December through

April and from July through SeptemberLand capability classification, nonirrigated: 3eTypical profile:

Surface layer0 to 8 inches; dark gray sandSubsurface layer8 to 55 inches; brown, light yellowish brown, pale yellow, light

gray, and light brownish gray sand that has strong brown mottlesSubsoil55 to 80 inches; light brownish gray sandy clay loam that has yellowish

brown mottles


7

BlantonLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: KnollsParent material: Sandy and loamy marine depositsSlope: 0 to 5 percentDrainage class: Moderately well drainedPermeability: Moderately slow or slowAvailable water capacity: LowShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 42 to 72 inches from December through

April and from August through SeptemberLand capability classification, nonirrigated: 3sTypical profile:

Surface layer0 to 8 inches; dark gray sandSubsurface layer8 to 50 inches; light olive brown, light yellowish brown, pale

yellow, and light gray sandSubsoil50 to 54 inches; pale brown sandy loam that has light brownish gray

mottlesSubsoil54 to 80 inches; yellowish red, yellowish brown, light brownish gray, and

gray sandy clay loam that has yellowish brown and light brownish gray mottles and 3 percent, by volume, plinthite nodules in the upper part and has light olive brown and yellowish brown mottles in the lower part

3Albany-Ousley-Pelham complex, 0 to 5 percent slopes, occasionally flooded

Map Unit CompositionMajor componentsAlbany and similar soils: 39 percentOusley and similar soils: 30 percentPelham and similar soils: 16 percent

Contrasting inclusionsBlanton soils: 10 percentChipley soils: 5 percent

Component DescriptionAlbanyLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: KnollsParent material: Sandy and loamy marine or fluviomarine depositsSlope: 0 to 5 percentDrainage class: Somewhat poorly drainedPermeability: Moderately slowAvailable water capacity: Very lowShrink-swell potential: LowFlooding: Occasional, from December through April and from July through SeptemberSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 12 to 30 inches from December through



gray, and light brownish gray sand that has strong brown mottles


8

Subsoil47 to 80 inches; light brownish gray sandy clay loam that has yellowish brown mottles

OusleyLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Knolls on stream terraces and on flood plainsParent material: Sandy fluvial depositsSlope: 0 to 5 percentDrainage class: Somewhat poorly drainedPermeability: RapidAvailable water capacity: Very lowShrink-swell potential: LowFlooding: Occasional, year-aroundPonding: Rare, at the surface to 6 inches above the surface year-aroundSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 18 to 36 inches year-aroundLand capability classification, nonirrigated: 3wTypical profile:

Surface layer0 to 10 inches; gray and grayish brown sandSubstratum10 to 80 inches; light yellowish brown, light gray, and pale yellow

sand

PelhamLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Broad flats on flood plainsParent material: Sandy and loamy marine depositsSlope: 0 to 5 percentDrainage class: Poorly drainedPermeability: ModerateAvailable water capacity: LowShrink-swell potential: LowFlooding: Occasional, year-aroundSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 6 to 18 inches year-aroundLand capability classification, nonirrigated: 5wTypical profile:

Surface layer0 to 8 inches; very dark gray sandSubsurface layer8 to 34 inches; dark grayish brown and grayish brown sand that

has strong brown mottles in the lower partSubsoil34 to 49 inches; gray fine sandy loam that has strong brown mottlesSubsoil49 to 80 inches; gray sandy clay loam that has strong brown and dark

red mottles

5Blanton sand, 0 to 5 percent slopesMap Unit Composition

Major componentsBlanton and similar soils: 80 percent

Contrasting inclusionsBonifay soils: 12 percentAlpin soils: 8 percent

Component DescriptionBlantonLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Knolls


9

Parent material: Sandy and loamy marine depositsSlope: 0 to 5 percentDrainage class: Moderately well drainedPermeability: Moderately slow or slowAvailable water capacity: LowShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 42 to 72 inches from December through






6Blanton sand, 5 to 8 percent slopesMap Unit Composition

Major componentsBlanton and similar soils: 85 percent

Contrasting inclusionsAlbany soils: 10 percentChipley soils: 5 percent

Component DescriptionBlantonLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Ridges and side slopesParent material: Sandy and loamy marine depositsSlope: 5 to 8 percentDrainage class: Moderately well drainedPermeability: Moderately slow or slowAvailable water capacity: LowShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 42 to 72 inches from December through







10

9Bonifay-Alpin complex, 0 to 5 percent slopesMap Unit Composition

Major componentsBonifay and similar soils: 52 percentAlpin and similar soils: 38 percent

Contrasting inclusionsBlanton soils: 5 percentChipley soils: 5 percent

Component DescriptionsBonifayLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: KnollsParent material: Sandy and loamy marine depositsSlope: 0 to 5 percentDrainage class: Well drainedPermeability: Moderately slowAvailable water capacity: LowShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 54 to 66 inches from January through

March and from August through SeptemberLand capability classification, nonirrigated: 3sTypical profile:

Surface layer0 to 9 inches; very dark grayish brown loamy sandSubsurface layer9 to 42 inches; yellowish brown loamy sandSubsoil42 to 52 inches; yellowish brown sandy loam that has yellowish red mottlesSubsoil52 to 80 inches; brownish yellow and light gray sandy clay loam that has

red mottles in the lower part and has more than 5 percent, by volume, plinthite nodules

AlpinLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: KnollsParent material: Sandy marine depositsSlope: 0 to 5 percentDrainage class: Excessively drainedPermeability: Moderately rapidAvailable water capacity: LowShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: None within a depth of 6 feetLand capability classification, nonirrigated: 4sTypical profile:

Surface layer0 to 6 inches; grayish brown sandSubsurface layer6 to 65 inches; brown, yellow, and light yellowish brown sandSubstratum65 to 80 inches; very pale brown sand that has lamellae

10Bonifay-Albany-Centenary complex, 0 to 5 percent slopes

Map Unit CompositionMajor componentsBonifay and similar soils: 40 percent


11

Albany and similar soils: 25 percentCentenary and similar soils: 20 percent

Contrasting inclusionsFoxworth soils: 10 percentChipley soils: 5 percent

Component DescriptionsBonifayLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Knolls and ridgesParent material: Sandy and loamy marine depositsSlope: 0 to 5 percentDrainage class: Well drainedPermeability: Moderately slowAvailable water capacity: LowShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 54 to 66 inches from January through


Surface layer0 to 5 inches; very dark grayish brown loamy sandSubsurface layer5 to 57 inches; yellowish brown loamy sandSubsoil57 to 63 inches; yellowish brown sandy loam that has yellowish red

mottlesSubsoil63 to 80 inches; brownish yellow and light gray sandy clay loam that has


AlbanyLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Knolls and ridgesParent material: Sandy and loamy marine or fluviomarine depositsSlope: 0 to 5 percentDrainage class: Somewhat poorly drainedPermeability: Moderately slowAvailable water capacity: Very lowShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 12 to 30 inches from December through



gray, and light brownish gray sand that has strong brown mottlesSubsoil55 to 80 inches; light brownish gray sandy clay loam that has yellowish

brown mottles

CentenaryLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Knolls and ridgesParent material: Sandy marine depositsSlope: 0 to 5 percentDrainage class: Well drainedPermeability: Moderately rapidAvailable water capacity: Very low


12

Shrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 42 to 60 inches from December through

April and from July through SeptemberLand capability classification, nonirrigated: 3sTypical profile:

Surface layer0 to 5 inches; very dark grayish brown sandSubsurface layer5 to 64 inches; brownish yellowish, very pale brown, and light

gray sand that has strong brown mottles in the lower partSubsoil64 to 80 inches; dark reddish gray sand that has pinkish gray mottles

11Troup-Bonifay-Fuquay complex, 8 to 15 percent slopes

Map Unit CompositionMajor componentsTroup and similar soils: 35 percentBonifay and similar soils: 30 percentFuquay and similar soils: 25 percent

Contrasting inclusionsAlbany soils: 5 percentBonneau soils: 5 percent

Component DescriptionsTroupLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Ridges and side slopesParent material: Sandy and loamy marine depositsSlope: 8 to 15 percentDrainage class: Somewhat excessively drainedPermeability: ModerateAvailable water capacity: LowShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: None within a depth of 6 feetLand capability classification, nonirrigated: 6sTypical profile:

Surface layer0 to 4 inches; very dark grayish brown sandSubsurface layer4 to 16 inches; yellowish brown sandSubsurface layer16 to 52 inches; strong brown and reddish yellow loamy sandSubsoil52 to 80 inches; dark yellowish brown sandy clay loam

BonifayLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Ridges and side slopesParent material: Sandy and loamy marine depositsSlope: 8 to 15 percentDrainage class: Well drainedPermeability: Moderately slowAvailable water capacity: LowShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 54 to 66 inches from January through

March and in AugustLand capability classification, nonirrigated: 6sTypical profile:

Surface layer0 to 4 inches; very dark grayish brown loamy sandSubsurface layer4 to 48 inches; yellowish brown loamy sand


13

Subsoil48 to 54 inches; yellowish brown sandy loam that has yellowish red mottles

Subsoil54 to 80 inches; brownish yellow and light gray sandy clay loam that has red mottles in the lower part and has more than 5 percent, by volume, plinthite nodules

FuquayLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Ridges and side slopesParent material: Sandy and loamy marine or fluviomarine depositsSlope: 8 to 15 percentDrainage class: Well drainedPermeability: Moderate to slowAvailable water capacity: LowShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 48 to 60 inches from January through


Surface layer0 to 5 inches; brown sandSubsurface layer5 to 34 inches; yellowish brown sandSubsoil34 to 40 inches; yellowish brown sandy loam that has about 5 percent,

by volume, plinthite nodulesSubsoil40 to 80 inches; yellowish brown and strong brown sandy clay loam

that has yellowish red, yellowish brown, and light gray mottles and more than 5 percent, by volume, plinthite nodules

12Bonneau-Leefield-Norfolk complex, 0 to 5 percent slopes

Map Unit CompositionMajor componentsBonneau and similar soils: 32 percentLeefield and similar soils: 29 percentNorfolk and similar soils: 27 percent

Contrasting inclusionsOcilla soils: 7 percentTroup soils: 5 percent

Component DescriptionsBonneauLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: KnollsParent material: Sandy and loamy marine depositsSlope: 0 to 5 percentDrainage class: Well drainedPermeability: ModerateAvailable water capacity: LowShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 42 to 60 inches from December through


Surface layer0 to 7 inches; grayish brown sand


14

Subsurface layer7 to 27 inches; yellowish brown and brownish yellow sandSubsoil27 to 36 inches; yellowish brown fine sandy loamSubsoil36 to 80 inches; grayish brown and gray sandy clay loam that has

yellowish red, very pale brown, strong brown, and gray mottles in the upper part and has very pale brown, gray, and pink mottles in the lower part

LeefieldLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: KnollsParent material: Sandy and loamy marine depositsSlope: 0 to 5 percentDrainage class: Somewhat poorly drainedPermeability: Moderately slow or slowAvailable water capacity: LowShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 18 to 30 inches from December through

March and from August through SeptemberLand capability classification, nonirrigated: 2wTypical profile:

Surface layer0 to 9 inches; very dark gray sandSubsurface layer9 to 28 inches; light brownish gray sandSubsoil28 to 42 inches; light yellowish brown sandy loam that has light gray and

brownish yellow mottlesSubsoil42 to 80 inches; olive yellow and yellowish brown sandy clay loam that

has yellowish brown, yellowish red, and light gray mottles and about 5 percent, by volume, plinthite nodules

NorfolkLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: KnollsParent material: Loamy marine or fluviomarine depositsSlope: 0 to 5 percentDrainage class: Well drainedPermeability: ModerateAvailable water capacity: ModerateShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 48 to 72 inches from December through

April and from August through SeptemberLand capability classification, nonirrigated: 2eTypical profile:

Surface layer0 to 6 inches; brown loamy fine sandSubsoil6 to 11 inches; strong brown sandy loamSubsoil11 to 25 inches; strong brown sandy clay loamSubsoil25 to 44 inches; strong brown sandy loamSubsoil44 to 80 inches; light yellowish brown sandy clay loam that has yellowish

red, dark yellowish brown, pale brown, light gray, and light brownish gray mottles

14Cowarts-Dothan-Fuquay complex, 5 to 8 percent slopes

Map Unit CompositionMajor componentsCowarts and similar soils: 33 percent


15

Dothan and similar soils: 30 percentFuquay and similar soils: 28 percent

Contrasting inclusionsOrangeburg soils: 5 percentLucy soils: 4 percent

Component DescriptionsCowartsLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Ridges and side slopesParent material: Loamy marine depositsSlope: 5 to 8 percentDrainage class: Moderately well drainedPermeability: Moderate to slowAvailable water capacity: ModerateShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 36 to 54 inches from January through


Surface layer0 to 4 inches; dark brown loamy fine sandSubsoil4 to 8 inches; strong brown fine sandy loamSubsoil8 to 40 inches; strong brown and yellowish red sandy clay loam that has

brownish yellow and very pale brown mottles and 3 percent, by volume, plinthite nodules in the lower part

Upper part of the substratum40 to 57 inches; strong brown and yellowish red sandy clay loam that has yellowish red, very pale brown, and brownish yellow mottles in the upper part

Lower part of the substratum57 to 80 inches; mottled red, reddish yellow, and very pale brown sandy loam

DothanLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Ridges and side slopesParent material: Loamy marine depositsSlope: 5 to 8 percentDrainage class: Well drainedPermeability: Moderately slow or slowAvailable water capacity: ModerateShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 36 to 54 inches from January through

AprilLand capability classification, nonirrigated: 3eTypical profile:

Surface layer0 to 6 inches; brown loamy fine sandSubsoil6 to 11 inches; yellowish brown fine sandy loamSubsoil11 to 49 inches; yellowish brown sandy clay loamSubsoil49 to 80 inches; yellowish brown and reddish yellow sandy clay loam

that has strong brown, yellowish brown, and light gray mottles and more than 5 percent, by volume, plinthite nodules

FuquayLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Ridges and side slopesParent material: Sandy and loamy marine or fluviomarine deposits


16

Slope: 5 to 8 percentDrainage class: Well drainedPermeability: Moderate to slowAvailable water capacity: LowShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 48 to 60 inches from January through





16Cowarts-Nankin complex, 8 to 15 percent slopesMap Unit Composition

Major componentsCowarts and similar soils: 48 percentNankin and similar soils: 40 percent

Contrasting inclusionsFuquay soils: 7 percentTifton soils: 5 percent

Component DescriptionsCowartsLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Ridges and side slopesParent material: Loamy marine depositsSlope: 8 to 15 percentDrainage class: Moderately well drainedPermeability: Moderate to slowAvailable water capacity: ModerateShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 36 to 54 inches from January through


Surface layer0 to 5 inches; dark brown loamy fine sandSubsoil5 to 10 inches; strong brown fine sandy loamSubsoil10 to 25 inches; strong brown and yellowish red sandy clay loam that

has brownish yellow and very pale brown mottles and 3 percent, by volume, plinthite nodules in the lower part



NankinLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plains


17

Landform: Ridges and side slopesParent material: Stratified loamy and clayey marine depositsSlope: 8 to 15 percentDrainage class: Well drainedPermeability: Moderately slowAvailable water capacity: ModerateShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: None within a depth of 6 feetLand capability classification, nonirrigated: 4eTypical profile:

Surface layer0 to 4 inches; dark grayish brown sandy loamSubsoil4 to 9 inches; strong brown sandy clay loamSubsoil9 to 28 inches; yellowish red sandy clay that has light yellowish brown

and dark red mottlesSubsoil28 to 56 inches; dark red, light yellowish brown, light gray, brown, and

yellowish red sandy clay loam that has yellowish brown mottles in the upper part

Substratum56 to 80 inches; very pale brown, brown, and red sandy clay loam

18Dothan-Fuquay complex, 0 to 2 percent slopesMap Unit Composition

Major componentsDothan and similar soils: 47 percentFuquay and similar soils: 41 percent

Contrasting inclusionsLeefield soils: 8 percentNorfolk soils: 4 percent

Component DescriptionsDothanLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Rises and ridgetopsParent material: Loamy marine depositsSlope: 0 to 2 percentDrainage class: Well drainedPermeability: Moderately slow or slowAvailable water capacity: ModerateShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 36 to 54 inches from January through

April and from August through SeptemberLand capability classification, nonirrigated: 1Typical profile:



FuquayLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Rises and ridgetops


18

Parent material: Sandy and loamy marine or fluviomarine depositsSlope: 0 to 2 percentDrainage class: Well drainedPermeability: Moderate to slowAvailable water capacity: LowShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 48 to 60 inches from January through





19Dothan-Fuquay complex, 2 to 5 percent slopesMap Unit Composition

Major componentsDothan and similar soils: 49 percentFuquay and similar soils: 39 percent

Contrasting inclusionsBonifay soils: 9 percentCowarts soils: 3 percent

Component DescriptionsDothanLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Knolls and ridgetopsParent material: Loamy marine depositsSlope: 2 to 5 percentDrainage class: Well drainedPermeability: Moderately slow or slowAvailable water capacity: ModerateShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 36 to 54 inches from January through




FuquayLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Knolls and ridgetopsParent material: Sandy and loamy marine or fluviomarine deposits


19






21Dothan-Fuquay-Cowarts complex, 8 to 15 percent slopes

Map Unit CompositionMajor componentsDothan and similar soils: 49 percentFuquay and similar soils: 20 percentCowarts and similar soils: 19 percent

Contrasting inclusionsNorfolk soils: 8 percentOrangeburg soils: 4 percent

Component DescriptionsDothanLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Ridges and side slopesParent material: Loamy marine depositsSlope: 8 to 15 percentDrainage class: Well drainedPermeability: Moderately slow or slowAvailable water capacity: ModerateShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 36 to 54 inches from January through

AprilLand capability classification, nonirrigated: 4eTypical profile:



FuquayLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Ridges and side slopesParent material: Sandy and loamy marine or fluviomarine deposits


20






CowartsLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Ridges and side slopesParent material: Loamy marine depositsSlope: 8 to 15 percentDrainage class: Moderately well drainedPermeability: Moderate to slowAvailable water capacity: ModerateShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 36 to 54 inches from January through


Surface layer0 to 4 inches; dark brown loamy fine sandSubsoil4 to 9 inches; strong brown fine sandy loamSubsoil9 to 32 inches; strong brown and yellowish red sandy clay loam that has

brownish yellow and very pale brown mottles and 3 percent, by volume, plinthite nodules in the lower part



23Fuquay-Lucy-Orangeburg complex, 0 to 5 percent slopes

Map Unit CompositionMajor componentsFuquay and similar soils: 40 percentLucy and similar soils: 30 percentOrangeburg and similar soils: 20 percent

Contrasting inclusionsDothan soils: 5 percentBonifay soils: 5 percent


21

Component DescriptionsFuquayLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Knolls and ridgetopsParent material: Sandy and loamy marine or fluviomarine depositsSlope: 0 to 5 percentDrainage class: Well drainedPermeability: Moderate to slowAvailable water capacity: LowShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 48 to 60 inches from January through





LucyLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: KnollsParent material: Sandy and loamy marine or fluvial depositsSlope: 0 to 5 percentDrainage class: Well drainedPermeability: ModerateAvailable water capacity: ModerateShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: None within a depth of 6 feetLand capability classification, nonirrigated: 2sTypical profile:

Surface layer0 to 8 inches; dark grayish brown loamy sandSubsurface layer8 to 24 inches; strong brown loamy sandSubsoil24 to 35 inches; yellowish red sandy loamSubsoil35 to 80 inches; dark red sandy clay loam that has less than 5 percent,

by volume, plinthite nodules

OrangeburgLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Knolls and broad ridgesParent material: Sandy and loamy marine depositsSlope: 0 to 5 percentDrainage class: Well drainedPermeability: ModerateAvailable water capacity: ModerateShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: None within a depth of 6 feetLand capability classification, nonirrigated: 2eTypical profile:

Surface layer0 to 6 inches; brown loamy sandSubsurface layer6 to 11 inches; reddish brown loamy sand


22

Subsoil11 to 80 inches; dark red sandy clay loam that has 2 percent, by volume, ironstone nodules in the lower part

24Fuquay-Bonifay complex, 5 to 15 percent slopesMap Unit Composition

Major componentsFuquay and similar soils: 55 percentBonifay and similar soils: 38 percent

Contrasting inclusionsDothan soils: 3 percentTifton soils: 2 percentTroup soils: 2 percent

Component DescriptionsFuquayLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Ridges, side slopes, and hillsParent material: Sandy and loamy marine or fluviomarine depositsSlope: 5 to 15 percentDrainage class: Well drainedPermeability: Moderate to slowAvailable water capacity: LowShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 48 to 60 inches from January through





BonifayLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Ridges, side slopes, and hillsParent material: Sandy and loamy marine depositsSlope: 5 to 15 percentDrainage class: Well drainedPermeability: Moderately slowAvailable water capacity: LowShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 54 to 66 inches from January through

March and in AugustLand capability classification, nonirrigated: 6sTypical profile:


mottles


23

Subsoil53 to 80 inches; brownish yellow and light gray sandy clay loam that has red mottles in the lower part and has more than 5 percent, by volume, plinthite nodules

27Goldsboro loamy fine sand, 0 to 2 percent slopesMap Unit Composition

Major componentsGoldsboro and similar soils: 87 percent

Contrasting inclusionsOcilla soils: 7 percentRains soils: 6 percent

Component DescriptionGoldsboroLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: RisesParent material: Sandy and loamy marine or fluviomarine depositsSlope: 0 to 2 percentDrainage class: Moderately well drainedPermeability: ModerateAvailable water capacity: ModerateShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 24 to 36 inches from December through

April and from August through SeptemberLand capability classification, nonirrigated: 2wTypical profile:

Surface layer0 to 8 inches; grayish brown loamy fine sandSubsurface layer8 to 12 inches; pale brown loamy fine sandSubsoil12 to 15 inches; brownish yellow sandy loamSubsoil15 to 80 inches; yellowish brown, pale brown, and gray sandy clay loam

that has yellowish brown mottles in the upper part and red, brownish yellow, and gray mottles in the lower part

28Goldsboro loamy fine sand, 2 to 5 percent slopesMap Unit Composition

Major componentsGoldsboro and similar soils: 91 percent

Contrasting inclusionsNorfolk soils: 6 percentOrangeburg soils: 3 percent

Component DescriptionGoldsboroLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: KnollsParent material: Sandy and loamy marine or fluviomarine depositsSlope: 2 to 5 percentDrainage class: Moderately well drainedPermeability: ModerateAvailable water capacity: ModerateShrink-swell potential: Low


24

Seasonal high water table: At a depth of about 24 to 36 inches from December through April and from August through September

Land capability classification, nonirrigated: 2eTypical profile:

Surface layer0 to 6 inches; grayish brown loamy fine sandSubsurface layer6 to 9 inches; pale brown loamy fine sandSubsoil9 to 13 inches; brownish yellow sandy loamSubsoil13 to 80 inches; yellowish brown, pale brown, and gray sandy clay loam

that has yellowish brown mottles in the upper part and red, brownish yellow, and gray mottles in the lower part

29Grady fine sandy loam, depressionalMap Unit Composition

Major componentsGrady and similar soils: 85 percent

Contrasting inclusionsPelham soils: 10 percentPlummer soils: 5 percent

Component DescriptionGradyLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: DepressionsParent material: Clayey marine depositsSlope: 0 to 2 percentDrainage class: Poorly drainedPermeability: SlowAvailable water capacity: ModerateShrink-swell potential: ModeratePonding: Frequent, at the surface to 24 inches above the surface year-aroundSeasonal high water table: At the surface to a depth of about 12 inches year-aroundLand capability classification, nonirrigated: 5wTypical profile:

Surface layer0 to 5 inches; very dark gray fine sandy loamSubsoil5 to 11 inches; grayish brown sandy clay loamSubsoil11 to 62 inches; gray clay that has yellowish red and yellowish brown

mottles in the upper part and yellowish brown mottles in the lower partSubsoil62 to 80 inches; gray sandy clay that has yellowish brown mottles

30Lakeland sand, 0 to 5 percent slopesMap Unit Composition

Major componentsLakeland and similar soils: 89 percent

Contrasting inclusionsChipley soils: 6 percentFoxworth soils: 5 percent

Component DescriptionLakelandLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plains


25

Landform: KnollsParent material: Sandy marine depositsSlope: 0 to 5 percentDrainage class: Excessively drainedPermeability: Rapid or very rapidAvailable water capacity: LowShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: None within a depth of 6 feetLand capability classification, nonirrigated: 3sTypical profile:

Surface layer0 to 3 inches; very dark grayish brown sandSubstratum3 to 80 inches; yellowish brown and very pale brown sand that has

yellowish red mottles in the lower part

31Lakeland sand, 5 to 15 percent slopesMap Unit Composition

Major componentsLakeland and similar soils: 90 percent

Contrasting inclusionsFoxworth soils: 6 percentChipley soils: 4 percent

Component DescriptionLakelandLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Ridges, side slopes, and hillsParent material: Sandy marine depositsSlope: 5 to 15 percentDrainage class: Excessively drainedPermeability: Rapid or very rapidAvailable water capacity: LowShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: None within a depth of 6 feetLand capability classification, nonirrigated: 6sTypical profile:

Surface layer0 to 3 inches; very dark grayish brown sandSubstratum3 to 80 inches; yellowish brown and very pale brown sand that has

yellowish red mottles in the lower part

32Leefield-Bonifay-Dothan complex, 0 to 5 percent slopes

Map Unit CompositionMajor componentsLeefield and similar soils: 44 percentBonifay and similar soils: 26 percentDothan and similar soils: 23 percent

Contrasting inclusionsChipley soils: 4 percentLakeland soils: 3 percent


26

Component DescriptionsLeefieldLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Knolls and ridgetopsParent material: Sandy and loamy marine depositsSlope: 0 to 5 percentDrainage class: Somewhat poorly drainedPermeability: Moderately slow or slowAvailable water capacity: LowShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 18 to 30 inches from December through

March and from August through SeptemberLand capability classification, nonirrigated: 2wTypical profile:

Surface layer0 to 10 inches; very dark gray sandSubsurface layer10 to 23 inches; light brownish gray sandSubsoil23 to 33 inches; light yellowish brown sandy loam that has light gray and

brownish yellow mottlesSubsoil33 to 80 inches; olive yellow and yellowish brown sandy clay loam that

has yellowish brown, yellowish red, and light gray mottles and about 5 percent, by volume, plinthite nodules

BonifayLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Knolls and ridgetopsParent material: Sandy and loamy marine depositsSlope: 0 to 5 percentDrainage class: Well drainedPermeability: Moderately slowAvailable water capacity: LowShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 54 to 66 inches from January through

MarchLand capability classification, nonirrigated: 3sTypical profile:


mottlesSubsoil53 to 80 inches; brownish yellow and light gray sandy clay loam that has


DothanLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: Knolls and ridgetopsParent material: Loamy marine depositsSlope: 0 to 5 percentDrainage class: Well drainedPermeability: Moderately slow or slowAvailable water capacity: ModerateShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 36 to 54 inches from January through

April and from August through September


27

Land capability classification, nonirrigated: 2eTypical profile:



33Leon-Chipley complexMap Unit Composition

Major componentsLeon and similar soils: 48 percentChipley and similar soils: 42 percent

Contrasting inclusionsBonifay soils: 6 percentHurricane soils: 4 percent

Component DescriptionsLeonLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: FlatwoodsParent material: Sandy marine depositsSlope: 0 to 2 percentDrainage class: Poorly drainedPermeability: Moderate or moderately slowAvailable water capacity: Very lowShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 6 to 18 inches from December through

April and from July through SeptemberLand capability classification, nonirrigated: 4wTypical profile:

Surface layer0 to 4 inches; black sandSubsurface layer4 to 10 inches; light brownish gray sandSubsoil10 to 17 inches; dark reddish brown sand that has black massesSubsoil17 to 63 inches; brown, light gray, and light brownish gray sand that has

black and dark brown massesSubsoil63 to 80 inches; very dark brown sand that has yellowish brown streaks

and pockets

ChipleyLandscape: Marine terraces on coastal plainsLandform: RisesParent material: Sandy marine depositsSlope: 0 to 2 percentDrainage class: Somewhat poorly drainedPermeability: Very rapid or rapidAvailable water capacity: LowShrink-swell potential: LowSeasonal high water table: At a depth of about 24 to 36 inches from December through

April and from August through September


28

Land capability c

Documents

Soil Survey of Gadsden County, Florida - USDA