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A Horizon
Common names - Organic layer and top soil Traits
Contains most plant roots Heavily leached from heavy rainfall Contains high organic matter Dark in color
B Horizon
Common name - Subsoil Traits
Zone of acclimation ( Nutrients, silts and clays accumulate in this zone)
Little to No organic matter Red and yellow in color
C Horizon
Common name - Parent material Traits
Below the root zone Outside the Biological zone (Point were no
plant or animals can grow or live)
Texture
Definition: Percentage of sand, silt and clay particles Size of particles.(largest to smallest)
Sand Silt Clay
Texture
Why is texture Important? Water absorption rates Soil water storage capacity Ease of tillage Amount of aeration Soil Fertility
Texture
Determining Soil Texture By Feel Sand
• Coarse gritty feel Silt
• Medium-silty, floury feel Clay
• Fine-sticky when wet
Structure
Definition - the physical arrangement of soil particles Structure affects the movement of water, air
and root penetration