Software Configuration Management Aima Updated 21 Ap2016

8/16/2019 Software Configuration Management Aima Updated 21 Ap2016

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Software Configuration

Management (SCM)


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•

• Software Configuration Management

(SCM) is the discipline(branch) of

managing the

• Evolution(advancement) of software

systems both during the initial stages ofdevelopment and during all stages of

maintenance

2


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Definition of SCM:

Software configuration management is the

discipline of managing the evolution of

complex software systems [IEEE STD 1987].

It is also defined as ‘the process of controlling

and monitoring change to work products’ [Herbert 1999].


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SCM

has four coordinating functions

• Configuration identification: The definition

of the software life cycle products that

• will be under control, their baselines andhow they will change

• ! Configuration Control: The technical

and administrative procedures in order tocontrol the changes to products

• functions


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"Configuration #udit: The function that

ma$es the current status of any software

product visible to management

%Configuration Status #ccounting: The

function that provides the development

history of any software product, recordingthe activities of the previous SCM

!


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• &n large'scale software systems the management of

these activities is an etremely

• difficult wor$, but essential for effective and reliable

evolution of such software

• Computer assistant for the representation and

evolution of the history of software system development

is of great importance &t can avoid the confusion

caused by interaction among the different individuals,

improving productivity

"


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Software Configuration

• #ll the items that are produced as part of

the software engineering process are

collectively called a software

configuration

7


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• SCM is the process of identifying,

organiing and controlling changes to

software configurations made in all stages

of a software pro*ect+s life cycle

• &ts purpose is to maimie the

productivity of the development teammembers by controlling their interaction

and minimiing mista$es

8


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SCM activities

• ecause change can occur at any time, SCM is an

-umbrella. activity that is applied

• throughout the software engineering process SCM

activities provide means for:

• &dentifying configurations

• and changes controlling the application of changes

ensuring the proper implementation of changes

reporting changes to all the interested team members

9


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#asi$ $on$e%ts of Confi&'ration Mana&e(ent:

Confi&'ration Ite(:

) %ie$e of soft*are or *or+ %rod'$t *,i$, iss'b-e$t to $,an&e is a $onfi&'ration ite(

C,an&e e/'est:

It is a for(al re%ort t,at $ontains t,e re/'est for

(odifi$ation in a $onfi&'ration ite(.


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11

Soft*are Confi&'rationMana&e(ent 0SCM

• )lso $alled $,an&e (ana&e(ent 0SCM

• It is an '(brella a$tiit3 t,at is a%%lied t,ro'&,o't t,e soft*are %ro$ess

• It4s &oal is to (a5i(i6e %rod'$tiit3 b3 (ini(i6in& (ista+es $a'sed b3$onf'sion *,en $oordinatin& soft*are deelo%(ent

• SCM identifies or&ani6es and $ontrols (odifi$ations to t,e soft*are bein& b'ilt b3 a soft*are deelo%(ent tea(

• SCM a$tiities are for('lated to identif3 $,an&e $ontrol $,an&e ens're t,at$,an&e is bein& %ro%erl3 i(%le(ented and re%ort $,an&es to ot,ers *,o (a3,ae an interest

0More on ne5t slide


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12

Soft*are Confi&'ration

• T,e 't%'t fro( t,e soft*are %ro$ess (a+es '% t,e soft*are

$onfi&'ration

Co(%'ter %ro&ra(s 0bot, so'r$e $ode files and e5e$'table files

or+ %rod'$ts t,at des$ribe t,e $o(%'ter %ro&ra(s 0do$'(ents tar&eted at

bot, te$,ni$al %ra$titioners and 'sers

Data 0$ontained *it,in t,e %ro&ra(s t,e(seles or in e5ternal files

• T,e (a-or dan&er to a soft*are $onfi&'ration is $,an&e

;irst o (atter *,ere 3o' are in t,e s3ste( life

$3$le t,e s3ste( *ill $,an&e and t,e desire to $,an&e it *ill %ersistt,ro'&,o't t,e life $3$le=


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ri&ins of Soft*are C,an&e

• Errors dete$ted in t,e soft*are need to be $orre$ted

• >e* b'siness or (ar+et $onditions di$tate $,an&es in %rod'$tre/'ire(ents or b'siness r'les

• >e* $'sto(er needs de(and (odifi$ations of data %rod'$ed b3infor(ation s3ste(s f'n$tionalit3 deliered b3 %rod'$ts or seri$esdeliered b3 a $o(%'ter@based s3ste(

• eor&ani6ation or b'siness &ro*t,Ado*nsi6in& $a'ses $,an&es in %ro-e$t %riorities or soft*are en&ineerin& tea( str'$t're

• #'d&etar3 or s$,ed'lin& $onstraints $a'se a redefinition of t,e s3ste(or %rod'$t


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,3 Soft*are Confi&'ration

Mana&e(ent B

• T,e %roble(: M'lti%le %eo%le ,ae to *or+ on soft*are t,at is $,an&in&

More t,an one ersion of t,e soft*are ,as to be s'%%orted:

• eleased s3ste(s

• C'sto( $onfi&'red s3ste(s 0different f'n$tionalit3• S3ste(0s 'nder deelo%(ent

• Soft*are on different (a$,ines o%eratin& s3ste(s

Need for coordination

• Soft*are Confi&'ration Mana&e(ent

(ana&es eolin& soft*are s3ste(s

$ontrols t,e $osts inoled in (a+in& $,an&es to a s3ste(.


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,at is Soft*are Confi&'ration

Mana&e(entB

• Definition Soft*are Confi&'ration Mana&e(ent: ) set of (ana&e(ent dis$i%lines *it,in a soft*are

en&ineerin& %ro$ess to deelo% a baseline.

Soft*are Confi&'ration Mana&e(ent en$o(%asses t,e

dis$i%lines and te$,ni/'es of initiatin& eal'atin& and

$ontrollin& $,an&e to soft*are %rod'$ts d'rin& and after

a soft*are %ro-e$t

• Standards 0a%%roed b3 )>SI

IEEE 828: Soft*are Confi&'ration Mana&e(ent lans

IEEE 12: F'ide to Soft*are Confi&'ration

Mana&e(ent.


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)d(inisterin& Soft*are

Confi&'ration Mana&e(ent

• Soft*are Confi&'ration Mana&e(ent is a %ro-e$t f'n$tion *it, t,e &oal to (a+e te$,ni$al

and (ana&erial a$tiities (ore effe$tie

• Soft*are Confi&'ration Mana&e(ent $an bead(inistered in seeral *a3s:

r&ani6ation@*ide

ro-e$t@s%e$ifi$

Distrib'ted a(on& t,e %ro-e$t (e(bers

Mi5t're of all of t,e aboe.


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Confi&'ration Mana&e(ent

)$tiities 01• Soft*are Confi&'ration Mana&e(ent )$tiities:

Confi&'ration ite( identifi$ation

ro(otion (ana&e(ent

elease (ana&e(ent #ran$, (ana&e(ent

Gariant (ana&e(ent

C,an&e (ana&e(ent

• >o fi5ed order:

T,ese a$tiities are 's'all3 %erfor(ed in different *a3s 0for(all3

infor(all3 de%endin& on t,e %ro-e$t t3%e and life@$3$le %,ase 0resear$,

deelo%(ent (aintenan$e.


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18

Ele(ents of a Confi&'ration

Mana&e(ent S3ste(

• Confi&'ration ele(ents

) set of tools $o'%led *it, a file (ana&e(ent 0e.&. database s3ste( t,atenables a$$ess to and (ana&e(ent of ea$, soft*are $onfi&'ration ite(

• ro$ess ele(ents

) $olle$tion of %ro$ed'res and tas+s t,at define an effe$tie a%%roa$, to$,an&e (ana&e(ent for all %arti$i%ants

• Constr'$tion ele(ents

) set of tools t,at a'to(ate t,e $onstr'$tion of soft*are b3 ens'rin& t,att,e %ro%er set of alid $o(%onents 0i.e. t,e $orre$t ersion is asse(bled

• H'(an ele(ents ) set of tools and %ro$ess feat'res 'sed b3 a soft*are tea( to i(%le(ent

effe$tie SCM


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Hae 3o' establis,ed a baseline 3etB


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2

#aseline

• IEEE Definition: ) s%e$ifi$ation or %rod'$t t,at ,as been for(all3reie*ed and a&reed '%on and t,at t,ereafter seres as t,e basis forf'rt,er deelo%(ent and t,at $an be $,an&ed onl3 t,ro'&, for(al$,an&e $ontrol %ro$ed'res

• It is a (ilestone in t,e deelo%(ent of soft*are and is (ar+ed b3 t,edelier3 of one or (ore $o(%'ter soft*are $onfi&'ration ite(s

0CSCIs t,at ,ae been a%%roed as a $onse/'en$e of a for(alte$,ni$al reie*

• ) CSCI (a3 be s'$, *or+ %rod'$ts as a do$'(ent 0as listed in MI


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#aselinin& ro$ess

1 ) series of soft*are en&ineerin& tas+s %rod'$es a CSCI

2 T,e CSCI is reie*ed and %ossibl3 a%%roed

? T,e a%%roed CSCI is &ien a ne* ersion n'(ber and %la$ed in a %ro-e$t database 0i.e. soft*are re%ositor3

) $o%3 of t,e CSCI is ta+en fro( t,e %ro-e$t database ande5a(inedA(odified b3 a soft*are en&ineer

! T,e baselinin& of t,e (odified CSCI &oes ba$+ to Ste% 2


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T,e SCM e%ositor3


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2?

a%er@based s. )'to(ated

e%ositories• roble(s *it, %a%er@based re%ositories 0i.e. file $abinet $ontainin& folders

;indin& a $onfi&'ration ite( *,en it *as needed *as often diffi$'lt

Deter(inin& *,i$, ite(s *ere $,an&ed *,en and b3 *,o( *as often$,allen&in&

Constr'$tin& a ne* ersion of an e5istin& %ro&ra( *as ti(e $ons'(in& anderror %rone

Des$ribin& detailed or $o(%le5 relations,i%s bet*een $onfi&'ration ite(s *asirt'all3 i(%ossible

• Toda34s a'to(ated SCM re%ositor3

It is a set of (e$,anis(s and data str'$t'res t,at allo* a soft*are tea( to(ana&e $,an&e in an effe$tie (anner

It a$ts as t,e $enter for bot, a$$'('lation and stora&e of soft*are en&ineerin&infor(ation

Soft*are en&ineers 'se tools inte&rated *it, t,e re%ositor3 to intera$t *it, it


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2

)'to(ated SCM e%ositor3

0;'n$tions and Tools

;'n$tionsData inte&rit3

Infor(ation s,arin&

Tool inte&ration

Data inte&ration

Met,odolo&3 enfor$e(ent

Do$'(ent standardi6ation

Gersionin&

De%enden$3

tra$+in&

C,an&e

(ana&e(ent

e/'ire(ents

tra$in&

Confi&'ration

(ana&e(ent

)'dit

trails

SCM /epository

0E5%lained on ne5t t*o slides


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2!

;'n$tions of an SCM e%ositor3

• Data inte&rit3 Galidates entries ens'res $onsisten$3 $as$ades (odifi$ations

• Infor(ation s,arin&

S,ares infor(ation a(on& deelo%ers and tools (ana&es and $ontrols ('lti@'ser a$$ess

• Tool inte&ration

Establis,es a data (odel t,at $an be a$$essed b3 (an3 soft*are en&ineerin& tools

$ontrols a$$ess to t,e data• Data inte&ration

)llo*s ario's SCM tas+s to be %erfor(ed on one or (ore CSCIs

• Met,odolo&3 enfor$e(ent

Defines an entit3@relations,i% (odel for t,e re%ositor3 t,at i(%lies a s%e$ifi$ %ro$ess(odel for soft*are en&ineerin&

• Do$'(ent standardi6ation Defines ob-e$ts in t,e re%ositor3 to &'arantee a standard a%%roa$, for $reation of

soft*are en&ineerin& do$'(ents


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2"

Toolset sed on a e%ositor3

• Gersionin& Sae and retriee all re%ositor3 ob-e$ts based on ersion n'(ber

• De%enden$3 tra$+in& and $,an&e (ana&e(ent

Tra$+ and res%ond to t,e $,an&es in t,e state and relations,i% of all ob-e$ts in t,ere%ositor3

• e/'ire(ents tra$in&

0;or*ard tra$in& Tra$+ t,e desi&n and $onstr'$tion $o(%onents and delierablest,at res'lt fro( a s%e$ifi$ re/'ire(ents s%e$ifi$ation

0#a$+*ard tra$in& Identif3 *,i$, re/'ire(ent &enerated an3 &ien *or+ %rod'$t

• Confi&'ration (ana&e(ent

Tra$+ a series of $onfi&'rations re%resentin& s%e$ifi$ %ro-e$t (ilestones or %rod'$tion releases

• )'dit trails Establis, infor(ation abo't *,en *,3 and b3 *,o( $,an&es are (ade in t,e

re%ositor3


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27

S'((ar3 of CM Tools

• ,tt%:AA***.daeeaton.$o(As$(ACMTools.,t(l

• ,tt%:AA***.laat'+.$o(AtoolsASCMJtools.,t(l

• ,tt%:AA***.sn'ff3bear.$o(A'$($entralJne*Jendorlin+s.,t(

• ,tt%:AA***.&oo&le.$o(ATo%ACo(%'tersASoft*areAConfi&'rationJMana&e(entAToolsA

• ,tt%:AAstason.or&AT


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ri(ar3 b-e$ties of t,e

SCM ro$ess

• Identif3 all ite(s t,at $olle$tiel3 define t,e soft*are $onfi&'ration

• Mana&e $,an&es to one or (ore of t,ese ite(s

• ;a$ilitate $onstr'$tion of different ersions of an a%%li$ation

• Ens're t,e soft*are /'alit3 is (aintained as t,e $onfi&'ration eoles

oer ti(e

• roide infor(ation on $,an&es t,at ,ae o$$'rred

0Co(%are t,is %ro$ess to t,e fie SCM tas+s


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?

SCM K'estions

• Ho* does a soft*are tea( identif3 t,e dis$rete ele(ents of a soft*are$onfi&'rationB

• Ho* does an or&ani6ation (ana&e t,e (an3 e5istin& ersions of a %ro&ra(0and its do$'(entation in a (anner t,at *ill enable $,an&e to bea$$o((odated effi$ientl3B

• Ho* does an or&ani6ation $ontrol $,an&es before and after soft*are isreleased to a $'sto(erB

• ,o ,as res%onsibilit3 for a%%roin& and ran+in& $,an&esB

• Ho* $an *e ens're t,at $,an&es ,ae been (ade %ro%erl3B

• ,at (e$,anis( is 'sed to a%%raise ot,ers of $,an&es t,at are (adeB


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?1

SCM Tas+s

0More on ne5t slide

Stat's re%ortin&

CSCI

CSCI

CSCICSCI

Identifi$ation

C,an&e $ontrol

Gersion $ontrol

Confi&'ration a'ditin&


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?2

SCM Tas+s 0$ontin'ed

• Con$entri$ la3ers 0fro( inner to o'ter Identifi$ation

C,an&e $ontrol

Gersion $ontrol

Confi&'ration a'ditin&

Stat's re%ortin&

• CSCIs flo* o't*ard t,ro'&, t,ese la3ers d'rin& t,eir life $3$le

• CSCIs 'lti(atel3 be$o(e %art of t,e $onfi&'ration of one or (ore ersions

of a soft*are a%%li$ation or s3ste(


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??

Identifi$ation Tas+

• Identifi$ation se%aratel3 na(es ea$, CSCI and t,en or&ani6es it in t,eSCM re%ositor3 'sin& an ob-e$t@oriented a%%roa$,

• b-e$ts start o't as basi$ ob-e$ts and are t,en &ro'%ed into a&&re&ateob-e$ts

• Ea$, ob-e$t ,as a set of distin$t feat'res t,at identif3 it

) na(e t,at is 'na(bi&'o's to all ot,er ob-e$ts

) des$ri%tion t,at $ontains t,e CSCI t3%e a %ro-e$t identifier and $,an&eandAor ersion infor(ation


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?

C,an&e Control Tas+

• C,an&e $ontrol is a %ro$ed'ral a$tiit3 t,at ens'res /'alit3 and $onsisten$3 as$,an&es are (ade to a $onfi&'ration ob-e$t

• ) $,an&e re/'est is s'b(itted to a $onfi&'ration $ontrol a't,orit3 *,i$, is's'all3 a $,an&e $ontrol board 0CC# T,e re/'est is eal'ated for te$,ni$al (erit %otential side effe$ts oerall i(%a$t on

ot,er $onfi&'ration ob-e$ts and s3ste( f'n$tions and %ro-e$ted $ost in ter(s of (one3

ti(e and reso'r$es

• )n en&ineerin& $,an&e order 0EC is iss'ed for ea$, a%%roed $,an&e re/'est Des$ribes t,e $,an&e to be (ade t,e $onstraints to follo* and t,e $riteria for reie*

and a'dit

• T,e baselined CSCI is obtained fro( t,e SCM re%ositor3 )$$ess $ontrol &oerns *,i$, soft*are en&ineers ,ae t,e a't,orit3 to a$$ess and

(odif3 a %arti$'lar $onfi&'ration ob-e$t S3n$,roni6ation $ontrol ,el%s to ens're t,at %arallel $,an&es %erfor(ed b3 t*o different

%eo%le don4t oer*rite one anot,er


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?!

Gersion Control Tas+ • Gersion $ontrol is a set of %ro$ed'res and tools for (ana&in& t,e $reation and 'se

of ('lti%le o$$'rren$es of ob-e$ts in t,e SCM re%ositor3• e/'ired ersion $ontrol $a%abilities

)n SCM re%ositor3 t,at stores all releant $onfi&'ration ob-e$ts

) ersion (ana&e(ent $a%abilit3 t,at stores all ersions of a $onfi&'ration ob-e$t 0orenables an3 ersion to be $onstr'$ted 'sin& differen$es fro( %ast ersions

) (a+e fa$ilit3 t,at enables t,e soft*are en&ineer to $olle$t all releant $onfi&'rationob-e$ts and $onstr'$t a s%e$ifi$ ersion of t,e soft*are

Iss'es tra$+in& 0b'& tra$+in& $a%abilit3 t,at enables t,e tea( to re$ord and tra$+ t,estat's of all o'tstandin& iss'es asso$iated *it, ea$, $onfi&'ration ob-e$t

• T,e SCM re%ositor3 (aintains a $,an&e set

Seres as a $olle$tion of all $,an&es (ade to a baseline $onfi&'ration

sed to $reate a s%e$ifi$ ersion of t,e soft*are

Ca%t'res all $,an&es to all files in t,e $onfi&'ration alon& *it, t,e reason for $,an&esand details of *,o (ade t,e $,an&es and *,en


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?"

Confi&'ration )'ditin& Tas+ •

Confi&'ration a'ditin& is an SK) a$tiit3 t,at ,el%s to ens're t,at /'alit3 is (aintainedas $,an&es are (ade

• It $o(%le(ents t,e for(al te$,ni$al reie* and is $ond'$ted b3 t,e SK) &ro'%

• It addresses t,e follo*in& /'estions

Has t,e $,an&e s%e$ified in t,e EC been (adeB Hae an3 additional (odifi$ations beenin$or%oratedB

Has a for(al te$,ni$al reie* been $ond'$ted to assess te$,ni$al $orre$tnessB

Has t,e soft*are %ro$ess been follo*ed and ,ae soft*are en&ineerin& standards been %ro%erl3a%%liedB

Has t,e $,an&e been =,i&,li&,ted= and =do$'(ented= in t,e CSCIB Hae t,e $,an&e data and$,an&e a't,or been s%e$ifiedB Do t,e attrib'tes of t,e $onfi&'ration ob-e$t refle$t t,e $,an&eB

Hae SCM %ro$ed'res for notin& t,e $,an&e re$ordin& it and re%ortin& it been follo*edB

Hae all related CSCIs been %ro%erl3 '%datedB

• ) $onfi&'ration a'dit ens'res t,at

T,e $orre$t CSCIs 0b3 ersion ,ae been in$or%orated into a s%e$ifi$ b'ild

T,at all do$'(entation is '%@to@date and $onsistent *it, t,e ersion t,at ,as been b'ilt


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?7

Stat's e%ortin& Tas+

• Confi&'ration stat's re%ortin& 0CS is also $alled stat's a$$o'ntin&• roides infor(ation abo't ea$, $,an&e to t,ose %ersonnel in an or&ani6ation*it, a need to +no*

• )ns*ers *,at ,a%%ened *,o did it *,en did it ,a%%en and *,at else *ill beaffe$tedB

• So'r$es of entries for $onfi&'ration stat's re%ortin&

Ea$, ti(e a CSCI is assi&ned ne* or '%dated infor(ation Ea$, ti(e a $,an&e is a%%roed b3 t,e CC# and an EC is iss'ed

Ea$, ti(e a $onfi&'ration a'dit is $ond'$ted

• T,e $onfi&'ration stat's re%ort

la$ed in an on@line database or on a *ebsite for soft*are deelo%ers and(aintainers to read

Fien to (ana&e(ent and %ra$titioners to +ee% t,e( a%%raised of i(%ortant$,an&es to t,e %ro-e$t CSCIs


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?8

S'((ar3

• Introd'$tion

• SCM e%ositor3

• SCM ro$ess Identifi$ation

C,an&e $ontrol

Gersion $ontrol Confi&'ration a'ditin&

Stat's re%ortin&


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$on$l'sion

Confi&'ration (ana&e(ent is er3 $r'$ial for

eolin& soft*are s3ste(s. C,an&e in (an3 lar&e

soft*are s3ste(s is ineitable. Caref'l %lannin& isre/'ired $onsiderin& as%e$ts li+e t,e $o(%onents

t,at are li+el3 to be $,an&ed an3 ot,er s'bs3ste(s

t,at (a3 ,ae to be $,an&ed for t,e (odifi$ation

of t,e &ien s3ste( anal3sis of $ost et$. CM(a+es s're t,at t,ese $,an&es do not $a'se

'ndesired i(%a$t on t,e ot,er s'bs3ste(s.

Documents

Software Configuration Management Aima Updated 21 Ap2016